Original Article
Physiology & Pharmacology
Mina Abroudi; Ghazaleh Dadashizadeh; Saeideh sadat Shobeiri; Azar Hosseini; Omid Gholami; Reza Ataee Disfani; Amir Raoofi; Davood Mahdian; Maryam Khosrojerdi
Abstract
Introduction: Hesperidin, a flavonoid found in the citrus family, has been evaluated for its anti-cancer effects on various cell lines, including KYSE30, PC12, SW48, and DU14.Materials and Methods: The cells were treated with various concentrations of hesperidin (0.75–100 µM) for 24, 48, ...
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Introduction: Hesperidin, a flavonoid found in the citrus family, has been evaluated for its anti-cancer effects on various cell lines, including KYSE30, PC12, SW48, and DU14.Materials and Methods: The cells were treated with various concentrations of hesperidin (0.75–100 µM) for 24, 48, or 72 hours, and cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. The expression of genes, including Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3, was measured by qRT-PCR. Apoptosis was determined using propidium iodide staining followed by flow cytometry.Results: The results demonstrated that hesperidin inhibited the proliferation of cells with varying potencies. Propidium iodide staining revealed that hesperidin increased the number of apoptotic cells, which was confirmed by the measurement of gene expression. Hesperidin decreased the expression of Bcl-2 while increasing the expression of Bax and Caspase-3.Conclusion: We conclude that hesperidin, as a natural product, may be used in the treatment of various human cancers in combination with chemical drugs.
Original Article
dentistry
Akram Mehrandasht; Mohammad Mehdizadeh; Ali Morshedi; Mohammad Aghaali; Mohammad Arjmandnia
Abstract
Introduction: The inherent tendency of blood to clot plays a central role in the formation of clots. Anticoagulant agents should be considered essential tools in the management and treatment of patients with coagulation problems. The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of knowledge of dentists ...
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Introduction: The inherent tendency of blood to clot plays a central role in the formation of clots. Anticoagulant agents should be considered essential tools in the management and treatment of patients with coagulation problems. The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of knowledge of dentists regarding anticoagulant drugs and the necessary measures for the treatment of bleeding during dental procedures.
Materials and Methods: This article reports a cross-sectional analytical study conducted at the Faculty of Dentistry among general dentists at Qom University of Medical Sciences in 1401. The Chi-square and Fisher tests were used to analyze the collected data, which were evaluated using SPSS version 26 software.
Results: Among 121 general dentists with an average age of 30.56 ± 6.89 years and an average work experience of 4.46 ± 5.80 years after graduation, 69 were male and 52 were female. A significant percentage of responses to each question on the questionnaire indicated a lack of knowledge about anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs. There was no significant relationship between gender, age, or work experience of dentists and most questions in the questionnaire (p > 0.81).
Conclusion: The gender of dentists is not an effective factor in their level of knowledge. Only in the cases of discontinuation of clopidogrel and the postponement of dental procedures due to the use of antiplatelet drugs was there a relationship with the age of general dentists. Additionally, there is a significant relationship between knowledge of the drug prasugrel and the discontinuation of clopidogrel in relation to the work history of general dentists. This lack of connection between these factors demonstrates a need to improve the level of knowledge and awareness among general dentists.
Original Article
Epidemiology and Statistics
Afsane Esmaeili Ranjbar; Hamid Ostadebrahimi; Gholamreza Bazmandegan; Mitra Abasifard; Mojtaba Sanji Rafsanjani; Zahra Kamyab
Abstract
Introduction: Discharge against medical advice (DAMA) can negatively impact treatment outcomes and healthcare costs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the causes of DAMA from the emergency department at Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital in Rafsanjan.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical ...
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Introduction: Discharge against medical advice (DAMA) can negatively impact treatment outcomes and healthcare costs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the causes of DAMA from the emergency department at Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital in Rafsanjan.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, all 400 patients who were discharged against medical advice from the emergency department of Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital in the first half of 2019 were included using convenient sampling. A questionnaire developed by the Ministry of Health was used to collect data.Results: Our findings indicated that out of a total of 25,931 patients discharged, the prevalence of DAMA from the emergency department was 11.5%, with a 95% confidence interval of 11.1% to 11.9%. In our sample, 57.8% (231 individuals) were male, and 42.5% (170 individuals) were in the age range of 20 to 39 years. Our results revealed that the reasons for DAMA in 300 cases (75%) were related to the patients themselves, such as feeling recovered or a desire for treatment at private centers. There was a significant difference between patients' economic status, discharge insurance, age, and the frequency of DAMA.Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the majority of DAMA cases were due to personal reasons. Increasing patient awareness of the potential consequences of DAMA and improving the quality of medical services may help decrease the incidence of such discharges.
Original Article
Nursing
Hamid Movahedzadeh; Majid Ghodsi; Manijeh Yosefi mighaddam; Moslem Mansuri; Mohammad Sadeghian; Alireza Ghorbani
Abstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is currently one of the world's most common and serious life-threatening diseases. Although the death rate caused by heart surgery is decreasing worldwide, there are still avoidable deaths among low-risk patients. This study investigates the factors affecting mortality ...
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Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is currently one of the world's most common and serious life-threatening diseases. Although the death rate caused by heart surgery is decreasing worldwide, there are still avoidable deaths among low-risk patients. This study investigates the factors affecting mortality in these patients after heart surgery.
Materials and Methods: This study examined all cases of open-heart surgery between 2018 and 2021 at Heshmatieh Hospital in Sabzevar. The main variables of the research include the number of deaths and the causes of death among patients within 30 days following open-heart surgery.
Results: Overall, 406 male and 204 female patients participated in this research. The average age of the patients was 61.77 years, with an average height of 166.32 ± 10.02 cm and an average weight of 78 ± 14.5 kg. Additionally, 165 patients had high blood pressure, and 586 patients had coronary heart disease.
Conclusion: Although underlying factors such as age and previous diseases affect mortality after surgery, preventing infection, managing fever, and improving discharge protocols can reduce the mortality rate.
Original Article
Psychology
Kimia Sahraian; leila Razeghian Jahromi; Danial Salehi; Sedighe Nasiripoor; Shima Dehghanzadeh; Sanaz Garmsirinezad
Abstract
Introduction: Drug use is a common problem in society, and many drug users experience mental health issues that may cause or exacerbate psychiatric disorders. One of the most significant obstacles to seeking treatment services is internalized stigma, which directly affects the quality of life of individuals ...
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Introduction: Drug use is a common problem in society, and many drug users experience mental health issues that may cause or exacerbate psychiatric disorders. One of the most significant obstacles to seeking treatment services is internalized stigma, which directly affects the quality of life of individuals and leads to negative feelings and maladaptive behaviors. This highlights the importance of psychological interventions aimed at reducing the sense of stigma experienced. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on the quality of life and internal stigma in drug users.
Materials and Methods: The statistical population of this research included all individuals who visited Ostad Mohrhari Hospital in Shiraz during January and February seeking help to overcome addiction. In this research, 30 drug users were randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control. Questionnaires measuring quality of life (Forman & Herbert, 2009) and perceived stigma (Leink & Falan, 2017) were utilized. The experimental group underwent a treatment program based on acceptance and commitment, while the control group did not receive any intervention.
Results: Compared to the control group, the mean quality of life score increased, and the mean stigma score decreased (P < 0.001). A significant difference was observed in the post-test scores between the experimental and control groups (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: The treatment program based on acceptance and commitment positively affected both the quality of life and the reduction of internal stigma in drug-using patients.
Original Article
Psychology
Fatemeh Abolhassani; Hanifeh Nohekhan; Masoumeh Ahmadpour hoseinizadeh; Fatemeh Asirhom; Mansoureh Khalili; Vaziri Shahram
Abstract
Introduction: People with gender dissatisfaction face numerous social and psychological challenges. The aim of the current research was to determine the effectiveness of integrative analytical psychotherapy on the reflective reactions and interpersonal problems of transgender individuals.
Materials ...
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Introduction: People with gender dissatisfaction face numerous social and psychological challenges. The aim of the current research was to determine the effectiveness of integrative analytical psychotherapy on the reflective reactions and interpersonal problems of transgender individuals.
Materials and Methods: This research was practical in nature and employed a semi-experimental design of the single-subject type with a baseline. Among the clients with gender dysphoria who visited the forensic medicine department of Tehran province in 2022, four were selected using an availability sampling method and underwent integrative analytical treatment for eight months. Data were collected at three stages: baseline, treatment, and follow-up for nine months, utilizing the Fonagi Reflective Reaction Questionnaire (1991) and the Barkham Interpersonal Problems Questionnaire (1996). To analyze the data, visual analysis was employed to calculate the recovery percentage.
Results: The results indicated that during the treatment and follow-up stages, the overall score of reflective reactions increased, while interpersonal problems decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The confidence index of reflective reactions increased, and the uncertainty index decreased significantly, with these changes remaining stable over time. Additionally, the treatment effect size was high in the dimensions of openness, aggression, support from others, and dependence. Regarding the stability of changes, it can be concluded that improvements were stable across all dimensions.
Conclusion: Integrative analytical psychotherapy can effectively improve reflective reactions and reduce interpersonal problems in individuals experiencing gender dysphoria. Therefore, mental health professionals should consider using this treatment to enhance the mental health of those with gender dissatisfaction.
Original Article
Nursing
Mohammad Abbasinia; Atye Babaii; Hakimeh Dehghani; ashraf khoramirad; Amirmohammad Bakhtiari; Atena Hakimzadeh; Bahman Aghaie
Abstract
Introduction: It appears that the ability to maintain patient safety is influenced by the culture of patient safety. This study aimed to determine the status of patient safety culture and its relationship with the competence of maintaining patient safety among nurses working in hospitals affiliated with ...
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Introduction: It appears that the ability to maintain patient safety is influenced by the culture of patient safety. This study aimed to determine the status of patient safety culture and its relationship with the competence of maintaining patient safety among nurses working in hospitals affiliated with Qom University of Medical Sciences.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 338 nurses employed in the hospitals of Qom University of Medical Sciences were examined using quota sampling and random methods in each hospital in 1402. The instruments utilized included patient safety culture and patient safety competency questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS-21 software, applying Pearson correlation and multivariate linear regression, with a significance level set at 0.05.Results: The patient safety culture among the studied sample was found to be at an average level. Results from the multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that the frequency of reporting events and the effectiveness of communication and feedback about errors were significantly related to patient safety competence (P < 0.05). Specifically, for each unit increase in the average frequency of reporting incidents, patient safety competence increased by 0.19; similarly, for each unit increase in average communication and feedback regarding errors, patient safety competence increased by 0.22.Conclusion: The patient safety culture is currently at an average level. Given the established relationship between patient safety culture and the competence to maintain patient safety, there is a need for interventions aimed at enhancing patient safety culture within hospitals.
Review article
Physiology & Pharmacology
Akbar Hajizadeh moghaddam; Fatemeh Zeini hamzekolaei; Sedigheh Khanjani Jelodar
Abstract
Introduction: Oxidative stress is recognized as a key factor in Alzheimer's disease, disrupting the balance of the antioxidant system. Studies have shown that some microalgae contain powerful antioxidant compounds that can help prevent nerve damage and the progression of Alzheimer's disease. This study ...
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Introduction: Oxidative stress is recognized as a key factor in Alzheimer's disease, disrupting the balance of the antioxidant system. Studies have shown that some microalgae contain powerful antioxidant compounds that can help prevent nerve damage and the progression of Alzheimer's disease. This study aims to explore the potential of extracts and biologically active compounds derived from microalgae for the management and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Materials and Methods: The therapeutic properties and characteristics of microalgae were researched by collecting data from databases such as PubMed, ISI, SID, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar between 1998 and 2023. Among the articles reviewed, those related to the neuroprotective effects of microalgae in neurodegenerative diseases were specifically analyzed in this study.
Results: Microalgae are rich in nutrients and can produce antioxidants under stressful conditions, aiding in the defense of the body. Some green algae extracts have been reported to inhibit cholinesterase activity and may improve cholinergic deficits in Alzheimer's patients.
Conclusion: Biochemical compounds found in microalgae exhibit significant neuroprotective potential, making them an excellent renewable source for producing pharmaceutical compounds and nutritional supplements for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Original Article
Psychology
Vahid Manzari; Mokhtar Weisani; Serveh Ghasemi
Abstract
Introduction: Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) often experience a range of cognitive errors and delusional problems, highlighting the need for effective therapeutic interventions. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of teaching schema therapy concepts on delusional ...
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Introduction: Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) often experience a range of cognitive errors and delusional problems, highlighting the need for effective therapeutic interventions. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of teaching schema therapy concepts on delusional beliefs and cognitive avoidance in individuals with obsessive-compulsive symptoms.
Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study utilized a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population comprised individuals with OCD who referred to counseling and psychiatric centers in Sanandaj during 2022-2023. A total of 30 participants were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group, with 15 participants in each group. The experimental group underwent schema therapy over eight weekly sessions, each lasting 90 minutes, while the control group received no intervention. Data were collected using the Brown (1989), Peters (2013), and Sexton and Dugas (2004) cognitive avoidance questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-24 software and variance analysis.
Results: The results indicated that schema therapy significantly reduced delusional beliefs and cognitive avoidance, with follow-up assessments demonstrating that these effects were lasting (p < 0.01).
Conclusion: Schema therapy employs experiential techniques that enable patients to emotionally process maladaptive thought and emotional patterns, thereby reducing delusional beliefs and cognitive avoidance in individuals with OCD.
Original Article
nutrition
Maryam Ranjbar Zahedani; Shaghayegh Rakhshbahar; Nazanin Tavakoli; Fatemeh Najm; Fatemeh Sarvi; Atefeh Akrami; Razieh Zolghadr
Abstract
Introduction: As a determinant of health behaviors, emotional intelligence can influence anthropometric factors. Adolescence is a critical transitional period of growth in a person's life during which individuals experience physical, psychological, and emotional-social transformations. Emotional intelligence ...
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Introduction: As a determinant of health behaviors, emotional intelligence can influence anthropometric factors. Adolescence is a critical transitional period of growth in a person's life during which individuals experience physical, psychological, and emotional-social transformations. Emotional intelligence emerges as a crucial factor in addressing the challenges faced by adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between anthropometric factors and emotional intelligence in students of the academic year 2022 from Lar city, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical, cross-sectional study in terms of type and nature, and it is classified as an applied study in terms of purpose. Data were collected using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), the Schutte Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire, and a demographic questionnaire. Independent t-tests, Pearson's correlation, and linear regression analysis were employed to compare quantitative variables, assess the correlation between them, and investigate the impact of variables on the response variable. The statistical population of the study included 177 adolescents aged 12-18 in the city of Lar, who were selected using a cluster random sampling method. SPSS v.23 was used for data analysis.
Results: Based on the multiple regression results, the children's anthropometric indices did not have a significant relationship with emotional intelligence. The effect of Body Mass Index (BMI) on emotional intelligence was not statistically significant at any level (p < 0.05), and there was no statistically significant relationship between activity level and emotional intelligence (p = 0.457).
Conclusion: According to the results, there was no robust or statistically significant correlation between anthropometric indicators and emotional intelligence.