Original Article
Physiology & Pharmacology
Fereshteh Dadfar; Kourosh Bamdad; Zahra Mortazavi
Abstract
Introduction: The diagnostic and therapeutic applications of radioiodine and X-rays have raised attention to the biological hazards of these agents. This study aimed to investigate the changes in melatonin hormone levels following exposure to radioiodine and X-ray radiation.
Materials and Methods: Sixty ...
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Introduction: The diagnostic and therapeutic applications of radioiodine and X-rays have raised attention to the biological hazards of these agents. This study aimed to investigate the changes in melatonin hormone levels following exposure to radioiodine and X-ray radiation.
Materials and Methods: Sixty male rats were randomly divided into three equal groups: a control group, a group receiving 1 mCi of iodine-131 for 2 weeks, and a group exposed to X-ray radiation once. After anesthetization, blood samples were collected from the hearts of the rats, and serum melatonin levels were measured.
Results: Data analysis revealed a significant decrease in melatonin levels in the group treated with iodine-131 compared to the control group. However, no significant change in melatonin levels was observed in the X-ray exposure group compared to the control group.
Conclusion: The findings indicate that exposure to radioiodine leads to a significant reduction in the melatonin hormone levels, whereas X-ray exposure does not significantly affect melatonin levels.
Original Article
Hamideh Yazdimoghaddam; Elham Navipour; Arezoo Davarinia Motlagh Quchan
Abstract
Introduction: Given the prevalence of Internet addiction and its associated consequences, this study aims to explore the ethical challenges posed by this epidemic by assessing the relationship between Internet addiction in the virtual education course, and the mental health of students in the Medical ...
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Introduction: Given the prevalence of Internet addiction and its associated consequences, this study aims to explore the ethical challenges posed by this epidemic by assessing the relationship between Internet addiction in the virtual education course, and the mental health of students in the Medical Sciences.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study involved 486 medical students selected through convenience sampling during the 2022-2023 academic year. Data were collected using the General Health Questionnaire and the Young Internet Addiction Questionnaire. Statistical analyses, including Kruskal-Wallis tests, Chi-square tests, and regression analysis, were performed using SPSS-24, with a significance level at 0.05t.Results: The mean general health score was 24.20 ± 14.04. Among participants, 39.4% exhibited mild disorders, 8.7% had moderate health disorders, and 1.9% experienced severe mental health issues. Notably, 73.4% of respondents reported no Internet addiction, while 24.5% were identified as having mild addiction and 2.1% as having severe Internet addiction. The Kruskal-Wallis test indicated no statistically significant relationship between demographic characteristics, mental health, and Internet addiction (p > 0.05Conclusion: The findings suggest that the addictive use of the Internet negatively impacts students' mental health, as evidenced by the scores on the General Health Questionnaire subscales. To promote the correct use of the Internet, it is crucial to provide appropriate education and cultural guidance and address maladaptive Internet practices among students.
Original Article
Nursing
Farid Sohrabi; Payman Hosseinzade; Neda Mahdavifar; Mahboobeh Gholipour; Mostafa Rad
Abstract
Introduction: Post myocardial infarction (MI) depression can significantly impact treatment adherence. This study aims to investigate the relationship between post-MI depression and adherence to the treatment.Materials and Methods: A correlational study was conducted on 200 patients with MI referred ...
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Introduction: Post myocardial infarction (MI) depression can significantly impact treatment adherence. This study aims to investigate the relationship between post-MI depression and adherence to the treatment.Materials and Methods: A correlational study was conducted on 200 patients with MI referred to Heshmat Hospital in Rasht and Heshmatieh Hospital in Sabzevar. Sampling was performed using a convenience method from March 2021 to March 2022. Data collection targeted patients experiencing mild to moderate depression one month after their heart attack, utilizing the Beck Depression Inventory and Modanlo Treatment Adherence Questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS-26.Results: Among the participants, 13% exhibited poor treatment adherence, while 86% demonstrated moderate adherence. The results of the t-test indicated that the average adherence score for individuals with post-MI depression was significantly higher than that of non-depressed individuals (P < 0.001).Conclusion: Patients experiencing post-MI depression showed greater adherence to treatment, potentially reflecting the psychological impact of their condition. Due to the divergence of these results from other studies, further research is recommended.
Original Article
Psychology
Maryam Kiani Oshtorjani; Nematollah Salehi Najafabadi
Abstract
Introduction: Gifted students often encounter considerable pressure and psychological stress stemming from the expectations imposed by others and family members. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on competitive anxiety and perceived stress in ...
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Introduction: Gifted students often encounter considerable pressure and psychological stress stemming from the expectations imposed by others and family members. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on competitive anxiety and perceived stress in gifted students of the second secondary school in Isfahan province.
Materials and Methods: The research methodology in this study was applied and utilized a quasi-experimental method of the pre-test-post-test type with a control group. The statistical population consisted of all gifted students in the second high school of Isfahan province, who were selected by the purposeful sampling method. The students were randomly assigned to the control (n = 15) and experimental (n = 15) groups. The experimental group received 8 cognitive-behavioral training sessions. For data collection, questionnaires including the competitive anxiety questionnaire of Martens et al. (1990) and the stress questionnaire of Holmes and Rahe (1967) were used. The data were analyzed by multivariate covariance analysis and SPSS-25 software.
Results: The results showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy is effective in reducing competitive anxiety and perceived stress among gifted students in the second secondary school in Isfahan province (p<0.01).
Conclusion: It can be said that cognitive behavioral therapy is one of the most effective treatments in reducing competitive anxiety and perceived stress in students. Therefore, mental health specialists and education officials are advised to use this treatment to improve the mental health of students.
Original Article
Psychology
Mahshid Saeedi; Mohammad Arash Ramezani
Abstract
Introduction: The prevalence of obesity is rising in developing countries, and it is often associated with various psychological disorders. So timely diagnosis and treatment of these disorders are essential. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy on social anxiety ...
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Introduction: The prevalence of obesity is rising in developing countries, and it is often associated with various psychological disorders. So timely diagnosis and treatment of these disorders are essential. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy on social anxiety in obese women.Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental, practical study employed a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all women suffering from obesity in Tehran province who visited weight loss centers in 2023, Thirty participants who met the study criteria were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. Data were collected using the Social Anxiety Questionnaire by Conover (2000). The analysis of the covariance (ANCOVA) method was utilized to analyze the data with SPSS-26 software.Results: The findings indicated that social anxiety scores in the experimental group significantly decreased in the post-test compared to the pre-test (p < 0.05). Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the social anxiety scores between the experimental and control groups in the post-test phase.Conclusion: The results suggest that emotion-oriented therapy effectively reduces social anxiety levels in obese women. Mental health professionals are encouraged to incorporate this therapeutic approach to address psychological issues such as social anxiety, shame, and lack of self-confidence in individuals with obesity.
Original Article
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
Amirhessam Torghabe; Mohammad Mahdi Molaei; Ehsanollah Sakhaee; Reza Kheirandish; Pourya Mohammadi
Abstract
Introduction: Tendon injuries are a significant challenge in veterinary medicine, often resulting from repetitive stress or overuse. Traditional methods for developing experimental tendon injury models, such as utilizing collagenase enzyme, face limitations including high costs and restricted availability. ...
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Introduction: Tendon injuries are a significant challenge in veterinary medicine, often resulting from repetitive stress or overuse. Traditional methods for developing experimental tendon injury models, such as utilizing collagenase enzyme, face limitations including high costs and restricted availability. This study aims to investigate the destructive and inflammatory effects of different concentrations of eugenol in inducing experimental Achilles tendonitis in rats.Materials and Methods: This research involved six groups of Wistar laboratory rats (one control group and five experimental groups). The experimental groups received varying concentrations of eugenol (diluted in DMSO) in volumetric ratios ranging from 4:1 to 64:1, administered via direct injection into the Achilles tendon to assess local effects.Results: Macroscopic and histopathological assessments revealed that eugenol could induce tendon degradation and inflammation in a concentration-dependent manner. Higher concentrations caused more severe collagen fiber degradation and inflammatory responses, while lower concentrations produced more controlled damage.Conclusion: Eugenol, as a natural compound, effectively induces controlled degradation and inflammation in tendons, presenting a cost-efficient alternative to collagenase for tendon injury modeling. These findings contribute to innovative therapeutic approaches in veterinary medicine and reduce dependence on expensive imported materials.
Original Article
Internal Medicine
Roozbeh Cheraghali; Maryam Ghasemi; Parastoo Amiri; Pezhman, Farshidmehr
Abstract
Introduction: Venous catheters are a widely used and accessible option for dialysis patients; however, they are associated with a high prevalence of complications, including thrombosis and infection. This study evaluates the longevity, function, and complications of femoral venous Permcath implanted ...
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Introduction: Venous catheters are a widely used and accessible option for dialysis patients; however, they are associated with a high prevalence of complications, including thrombosis and infection. This study evaluates the longevity, function, and complications of femoral venous Permcath implanted at Sina Hospital in Tehran from 2022 to 2023.Materials and Methods: This research is a cohort study of a prospective longitudinal design conducted on 100 patients over 18 years old referred to Sina Hospital for femoral vein Permcath implantation. Patients were assessed for longevity, function, early complications, and causes of the femoral venous catheter failure for 12 to 18 months. Statistical analysis was performed using t-tests for quantitative data and Chi-square tests for qualitative data, utilizing SPSS-22. A statistical significance level of P ≤ 0.05 was.Results: The results indicated that the most common comorbidities among the studied patients were hypertension (95%), hematological diseases (60%), and diabetes (46%). Infection was the most prevalent complication, occurring in 37% of individuals, followed by bleeding and damage to central vessels (5%). The average longevity of the implanted Permcath was 33.65 ± 30.92 weeks. Factors such as age, gender, blood pressure, diabetes, and hematological diseases did not significantly impact the occurrence of infectionsConclusion: The most frequent early complication associated with femoral venous Permcath implantation was infection. The findings of this study emphasize the necessity of implementing preventive measures to reduce this complication, because it can help prevent mortality and reduce healthcare costs.
Original Article
Physiology & Pharmacology
Mitra Ebrahimi; Jafar Vatandost; Masoud Fereidoni
Abstract
Introduction: Homeostasis is the body's natural response to injury aimed at preserving blood volume; dysfunction in this process can lead to low blood coagulation, such as in hemophilia. Medicinal plants are gaining attention for their cost-effectiveness and low risk. In traditional Iranian medicine, ...
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Introduction: Homeostasis is the body's natural response to injury aimed at preserving blood volume; dysfunction in this process can lead to low blood coagulation, such as in hemophilia. Medicinal plants are gaining attention for their cost-effectiveness and low risk. In traditional Iranian medicine, Rosa damascena has been utilized to manage menstrual bleeding. This study aims to investigate the in vivo effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Rosa damascena on coagulation parameters.Materials and Methods: 56 male Syrian mice (25 ± 5 g) were divided into eight groups (n=7), including control, sham, positive control, and five experimental groups. The mice were intraperitoneally treated with doses of 500, 250, 100, 50, and 25 mg/kg of hydroalcoholic extract of Rosa damascena for 14 consecutive days. Hemostasis screening tests, including bleeding time (BT), clotting time (CT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and platelet count, were employed to evaluate the results.Results: The BT, CT, PT, and aPTT tests indicated a decrease in bleeding time with increasing extract dosage, with a significant difference observed in the 500 mg/kg group compared to the control group (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The findings suggest that polyphenolic compounds, such as tannins and glycosides, present in Rosa damascena, including saponins, effectively enhance platelet aggregation and reduce bleeding and clotting times. The impact of Rosa damascena on both external and internal coagulation pathways may be attributed to the presence of gallic acid, caffeic acid, quercetin, and kaempferol.
Original Article
Nursing
Hamidreza Zeraatkhah; leila Ghanbari-afra; Hanieh Ziabakhsh
Abstract
Introduction: Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) are critical components of the emergency care system; however, they face various job-related stresses that can negatively impact their efficiency and self-efficacy. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the factors influencing job self-efficacy among ...
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Introduction: Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) are critical components of the emergency care system; however, they face various job-related stresses that can negatively impact their efficiency and self-efficacy. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the factors influencing job self-efficacy among EMTs.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2024 with a sample of 216 EMTs from Qom University of Medical Sciences. A stratified random sampling method was utilized to select participants. Data were collected through questionnaires assessing demographic and occupational information, as well as an occupational self-efficacy scale. Data analyzed were using, independent t-tests, linear regression analyses, and ANOVA using SPSS-23 software statistical. A significance level of less than 0.05 was established.Results: The average age of the participants was 32.26 ± 6.34 years, with over two-thirds engaged in rotating shift work. The average self-efficacy score for the Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) was 97.4 ± 7.49. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that age, employment status, and work experience accounted for approximately 45% of the variance in occupational self-efficacy among EMTs.Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that the job self-efficacy of EMTs is at a medium to high level. Furthermore, it was noted that increasing age is associated with a decline in job self-efficacy, while official employment status and relevant work experience are positively correlated with enhanced job self-efficacy.
Original Article
Psychology
Alireza gol; Farshad FaridHosseini; Mahsa Nahidi
Abstract
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease that significantly impacts patients' lives. This study examines and compares the perceptions of neurologists, patients, and caregivers regarding the quality of life of MS patients.Materials and Methods: This applied research was conducted among ...
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Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease that significantly impacts patients' lives. This study examines and compares the perceptions of neurologists, patients, and caregivers regarding the quality of life of MS patients.Materials and Methods: This applied research was conducted among MS patients, their caregivers, and neurologists in Mashhad, Iran. 66 MS patients, 66 neurologists, and 66 caregivers completed the SF-36 health-related quality of life questionnaire. The data were analyzed using mean comparison tests and SPSS-27.Results: The analysis of variance revealed that the QoL scores were 53.49 for patients, 50.35 for caregivers, and 49.34 for physicians. Notably, from the patients’ perspective, the energy/fatigue sub-scale exhibited the most significant differences among groups. Caregivers perceived role limitations due to physical health as the most affected factor, while physicians identified role limitations as the lowest-scoring factor impacting MS patients' QoL.Conclusion: There are notable differences in the understanding of QoL among physicians, caregivers, and patients, particularly regarding mental health indicators. These discrepancies can influence patient support and overall well-being. Awareness of these variations can enhance patient care and improve QoL.