Original Article
Psychology
Ebrahim Namani; Hasan Abdollahzadeh; Hamideh Pirani; mahmoud jajarmi
Volume 25, Issue 5 , November and December 2018, Pages 600-607
Abstract
Background & Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of group therapy based on Acceptance and Commitment (ACT) on Suppression of negative thoughts and learned helplessness were infertile women.Materials and Methods: This study is quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest control ...
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Background & Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of group therapy based on Acceptance and Commitment (ACT) on Suppression of negative thoughts and learned helplessness were infertile women.Materials and Methods: This study is quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest control group was unequal. The statistical population included all of Infertile women at Neyshabur city who have been referred to gynecologists in Spring 2017. 24 infertile women who were selected by available sampling method and voluntary that were randomly assigned to experimental groups(n = 12) and control(n = 12). Both groups were tested before. the experimental group for 8 sessions of 90-minute group therapy were based on acceptance and commitment. data through questionnaires Suppression of thoughts " Wegner and Zanakos"(1994) and Documentary style "Islami Shahr Babaki"(1991) was gathering. research data to way multivariate analysis of variance and were analyzed by SPSS 21 software. Results: The results of multivariate analysis of covariance with significance level (p > 0/001) on the hypothesis that there is a significant difference between the two groups at post-test, that represents, the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy based on suppression of thoughts and learned helplessness )documentary style( in infertile women.Conclusion:The conclusion of the study is that based group therapy, acceptance and commitment appropriate treatment is to reduce negative thoughts and learned helplessness in infertile women.
Original Article
Psychology
Khadije Aerab Sheybani
Volume 25, Issue 5 , November and December 2018, Pages 609-617
Abstract
Objective: The Psychological contracts are defined as those beliefs and opinions regarding commitment among employees and employers being able to regulate the relationship among them. The main objective of the present study is to investigate the predictive role of psychological contract in nurse s' organizational ...
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Objective: The Psychological contracts are defined as those beliefs and opinions regarding commitment among employees and employers being able to regulate the relationship among them. The main objective of the present study is to investigate the predictive role of psychological contract in nurse s' organizational commitment in hospitals. Materials and method:This research is descriptive from type of correlation, Data of the study were collected using psychological contract Hui &al(2004)and organizational commitment alle, & myier(1991) questionnaire, while a sample of 400 nurses was selected using random sampling method. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-18 software as well as regression analysis. Findings: The Data analysis indicated that employee s' psychological commitment can be predicted up to 36.9 percent through psychological contract variable. More over, determination coefficient indicated that 13.6 percent of dispersion observed in organizational commitment can be explained by psychological contract variable. Conclusion: Using of psychological contract to search of relationship between employment and employer show that these relationships depended to personal,social and psychocognitional mechanism.
Original Article
Epidemiology and Statistics
elham navipour; habibollah esmaily; majid ghayourmobarhan
Volume 25, Issue 5 , November and December 2018, Pages 619-628
Abstract
Introduction: The lack of timely control of diabetes leads to irreparable complications in other organs of the body, including the heart, kidney and eye. The aim of this study was to, Identify determinative Factors the Occurrence of Pre-Diabetes Using Logistic Regression Model in Mashhad by using logistic ...
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Introduction: The lack of timely control of diabetes leads to irreparable complications in other organs of the body, including the heart, kidney and eye. The aim of this study was to, Identify determinative Factors the Occurrence of Pre-Diabetes Using Logistic Regression Model in Mashhad by using logistic regression model.Material and Methods: This is an analytical- cross sectional study. The data are related to MASHAD study. The population was selected by using stratified-cluster sampling. The samples included 8810 individuals aged 35-64 years. Independent variables included: demographic information, anthropometric index, blood pressure, anxiety, depression, physical activity level, healthy and unhealthy diet patterns, inflammatory, biochemical and lipid factors. SPSS-22 software was used to analyze the data and a significant level of 0.05 was considered. The Logistic regression model was fitted to identify the determinant factors on the data.Results The prevalence of pre-diabetes was, 10.2% (885 cases). The results showed statistically significant association between age, anthropometric index, blood pressure, anxiety, depression, pattern Healthy and unhealthy diet, hs-CRP, uric acid, cholesterol, triglyceride and pre-diabetes (p
Original Article
Physical Education
Mohammad Hoseinzadeh; Amir Rashidlamir; Seyed Mahmud Hejazi
Volume 25, Issue 5 , November and December 2018, Pages 629-637
Abstract
Background and purpose: Fibronectin transmembrane type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) is a characteristic factor in distinguishing skeletal muscle cells. Since the productive effects of regular exercise are conveyed through the skeletal muscle, this study aims to compare the effects of progressive ...
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Background and purpose: Fibronectin transmembrane type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) is a characteristic factor in distinguishing skeletal muscle cells. Since the productive effects of regular exercise are conveyed through the skeletal muscle, this study aims to compare the effects of progressive endurance and resistance training on FNDC5 gene expression in male rats’ gastrocnemius muscles.Materials and Methods: 15 male rats were randomly assigned to three equal groups of: control, endurance training and resistance training. The endurance group performed 8 weeks of training on the treadmill. The resistance group did their exercises for eight weeks on a three-session-per-week basis on a one-meter-high ladder with 85○ slope. All subjects were anesthetized 72 hours after the experiment finished and the gastrocnemius removed. The level of FNDC5 expression was measured through real-time PCR method and one-way ANOVA applied to analyze the data. Level of significance was set to P≥0.05.Results: One-way ANOVA showed a significant difference in FNDC5 expression among the groups (P=0.001, F=31.791). A subsequent Tukey test application showed FNDC5 gene expression of the gastrocnemius muscle was significantly higher in the resistance and endurance training groups than in the control group (P
Original Article
Health and environment
ahmad jonodi; Ayoob Rastegar
Volume 25, Issue 5 , November and December 2018, Pages 639-648
Abstract
Back ground: Phenol and its derivatives are widely used as raw material in many petrochemical, chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Wastewaters from the industries mentioned above contain Phenolic compounds which are highly hazardous to aquatic life. Therefore, phenolic wastewaters must be specially ...
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Back ground: Phenol and its derivatives are widely used as raw material in many petrochemical, chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Wastewaters from the industries mentioned above contain Phenolic compounds which are highly hazardous to aquatic life. Therefore, phenolic wastewaters must be specially treated before disposing off the effluentsMaterials and methods: Hybrid aerogel with structure of hydrophobicity was prepared through sol–gel synthesis followed by drying at ambient. The aerogel was used for phenol adsorption from water and the effects of phenol concentration, also contact time were studied. Batch kinetic and isotherm studies were carried out to evaluate the effects of contact time and phenol concentration The Aerogel surface was characterized by nitrogen adsorption at 77 K.Results: The result showed that the maximum adsorption was in the concentration 250 mg L− 1 493/13 mg g− 1. The specific surface area of the synthesized aerogel is 543.4 g m-2, the pore size is 3.24 nm with a porosity of 44 and a contact angle of 156 degrees, The Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order fited the experimental data Conclusion: the results showed that the phenol adsorption process involved both boundary layer diffusion and inter particle diffusion that hydrophilic and hydrophobic surface of the aerogel is synthesizedmain reason for its higher adsorption efficiency phenol.
Original Article
immunology & Biochemistry
Farnosh Anoosha; Bagher Seyedalipour; Ali Taravati; Monireh Movahedi
Volume 25, Issue 5 , November and December 2018, Pages 649-658
Abstract
Background & Objectives: The toxicity of metals and their compounds is determined by their physicochemical properties. Thus, metals may compete for the biological binding sites and lead to incorrect function of biochemical macromolecules. The aim of this study was to investigate Ni NPs toxicity in ...
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Background & Objectives: The toxicity of metals and their compounds is determined by their physicochemical properties. Thus, metals may compete for the biological binding sites and lead to incorrect function of biochemical macromolecules. The aim of this study was to investigate Ni NPs toxicity in compared to Nickel chloride on liver enzyme activity and the histopathological changes of liver tissue in male wistar rats.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 48 male rates were divided into six experimental groups and one control group and one sham group (n=6). Experimental groups received Ni NPs and nickel chloride with concentration of 5, 15 and 25 mg/ kg by intraperitoneal injection. At the end of 7th day, blood and liver specimen was collected for analysis. Assay of the activity of liver enzyme and histopathological study were performed. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey test. Results: Enzyme activities of AST and ALP in different doses of Ni NPs and nickel chloride and LDH activity in different doses of nickel chloride showed significant changes in the studied groups (p > 0.05). Histopathological study of liver were revealed dose dependent changes in rats treated with nickel chloride and nanoparticles compared to the control group. Some of the changes including necrosis, congestion, apoptosis and steatohepatitis was observed after exposure to different doses.Conclusion: Increasing of concentration liver enzymes and histopathological changes confirms the toxicity of Ni NPs and nickel chloride
Original Article
Health and environment
Amirhossein Baghaie
Volume 25, Issue 5 , November and December 2018, Pages 659-668
Abstract
Background: Interaction effect of heavy metal and some metals such as Fe can affect soil heavy metal availability. Thus, this research was conducted to investigate the effect of Arak municipal sewage sludge compost with iron slag on decreasing cadmium uptake by pot marigold. Materials and methods:: Treatments ...
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Background: Interaction effect of heavy metal and some metals such as Fe can affect soil heavy metal availability. Thus, this research was conducted to investigate the effect of Arak municipal sewage sludge compost with iron slag on decreasing cadmium uptake by pot marigold. Materials and methods:: Treatments were consist of applying enriched Arak municipal sewage sludge compost (0, 15 and 30 t ha-1) with 0 and 5% pure Fe from iron slag of Mobarakeh Steel Complex in a polluted soil (0, 5, 10 and 15 mg Cd kg-1 soil). After 60 days, soil physic-chemical properties and root and shoot Cd concentration of pot marigold was measured and the least significant difference (LSD) statistical analysis was used to determine the differences between the means (p=0.05).Results: Increasing the loading rate of Arak municipal sewage sludge compost from 0 to 15 and 30 t ha-1 in a Cd polluted soil (10 mg Cd soil-1) caused a decreasing in Cd availability by 15 and 35 percent, respectively, while the Fe availability increased by 5.6 and 8.4 times, respectively. Similar to this result, root and shoot Cd concentration was decreased by 24 and 18%, respectively. Conclusion: The result of this study showed that applying sewage sludge compost enriched with 5% Fe pure can probably affect soil physico-chemical properties that increasing soil and plant Fe availability and thereby, decreasing Cd availability.
Original Article
Physical Education
hasan parsa shkooh; Marziyeh Saghebjoo; Samad Nazemi; Mehdi Hedayati
Volume 25, Issue 5 , November and December 2018, Pages 669-677
Abstract
The physical activity as a therapeutic tool is rapidly growing in the diabetic neuropathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of six weeks endurance training on the; superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and pain in sensoty roots of spinal cord of rats with diabetic neuropathy. fourty ...
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The physical activity as a therapeutic tool is rapidly growing in the diabetic neuropathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of six weeks endurance training on the; superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and pain in sensoty roots of spinal cord of rats with diabetic neuropathy. fourty rats (10 w; 230- 260 g) were study sample. Thirty rats, received interperitoneal injection of Sterptozotocin (STZ) solution (45 mg/kg, pH=4.5). Rats ranodmly assigned to three groups: diabetic continous training, diabetic interval training, diabetic control. ten rats were assigned in healthy control group. Training protocol was a six weeks aerobic training with 60- 70% VO2max treadmill run. 48 h after the last training session, the sensory part of spinal cord sampled. Data Analysed with Oneway Analysis of variance test (P
Review article
masoud keikha; hossein ali rahdar; Shahram Shahraki- Zahedani
Volume 25, Issue 5 , November and December 2018, Pages 679-686
Abstract
Background and Aim: Non-tuberculosis mycobacteria is acid-fast bacteria that lives in environmental sources such as: water, soil, dust, milk and decaying vegetables. Based on Runyon’s classification these bacteria classified in tow group of slow and rapid growing mycobacteria that both of them ...
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Background and Aim: Non-tuberculosis mycobacteria is acid-fast bacteria that lives in environmental sources such as: water, soil, dust, milk and decaying vegetables. Based on Runyon’s classification these bacteria classified in tow group of slow and rapid growing mycobacteria that both of them isolated from clinical specimens.The purpose of this study is evaluation of three housekeeping genes in identification and differentiation of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria.Methods: In our study we obtained 16S rRNA, rpoB and hsp65 sequences of twenty two slow and rapid growing mycobacteria from Genebank (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov). Then this sequences aligned and transferred to MEGA 5.0 program. Finally phylogenetic relationships were determined by constructing 16S rRNA, rpoB and hsp65 genes tree using the neighbor-joining method with Kimura 2-Parameter model.Results and conclusion: Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA, rpoB and hsp65 gene sequences indicated that except of rpoB gene, other genes cannot identificated and separate of some species. Also we found that for identification both of rapid growth mycobacteria (RGM) and slow growth mycobacteria (SGM)rpoB gene is the best option.due to findings of this study, it seems that for appropriate and accurate identification of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria we must studied rpoB and hsp65 genes simultaneously
Original Article
Microbiology
Hamidreza Baghani Aval; Mehran Ekrami Toroghi; Faezeh Haghighi; Yaser Tabarraie
Volume 25, Issue 5 , November and December 2018, Pages 687-693
Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infection is the most common infectious diseases and increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents in bacteria is a major problem around the world in treatment of urinary infections. This study was conducted to identify causative agents of urinary tract infection and to determine ...
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Background: Urinary tract infection is the most common infectious diseases and increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents in bacteria is a major problem around the world in treatment of urinary infections. This study was conducted to identify causative agents of urinary tract infection and to determine their susceptibility to antibiotics in hospitalized and out patients referred to the Vase’ee Hospital in Sabzevar.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 256 individuals hospitalized and out patients older than eighteen age in the Sabzevar Vase’ee hospital. Identification of bacteria was performed using biochemical tests and their susceptibility was determined by disk diffusion method. The data were analyzed using t-test, Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test with percentage error 5%.Results: Of 256 patients, 59.7 % and 40.3% were female and male, respectively. The most frequently isolated pathogen were Escherichia coli (50.8%), Klebsiella (17.6%), Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (15/62%), Enterobacter (7.8%). E. coli as most common pathogen of urinary tract infections showed the most resistance to ampicillin and the least resistance to Imipenem indicated. In total, regardless of the type of bacteria, the highest resistance was against amoxicillin and the lowest resistance was against Imipenem.Conclusion: Considering the frequency of urinary tract infections and in order to prevent serious complication, a survey of regional resistance pattern and timely treatment can control development of resistant bacteria.
Original Article
Psychology
SAYDEH SAYDEH MASOMEH ALAVI; parvin rafieinia; Shahrokh Makvand Hoseini; Shahrokh Makvand Hoseyni
Volume 25, Issue 5 , November and December 2018, Pages 695-705
Abstract
Introduction: Previous research has shown that social anxiety disorder is associated with problems in many areas of life, considering this issue and the importance of identifying factors affecting social anxiety, the present study was aimed to Compare Behavioral Brain Systems Profile and Difficulty of ...
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Introduction: Previous research has shown that social anxiety disorder is associated with problems in many areas of life, considering this issue and the importance of identifying factors affecting social anxiety, the present study was aimed to Compare Behavioral Brain Systems Profile and Difficulty of Emotional Regulation in Patients with Social Anxiety Disorder and Normal People.Method: The present work is a causal comparative study. We studied 43 women(Including 23 women with social anxiety disorder and another 20 ones with normal conditions), these participants were selected based on purposive method among the woman who came Neyshabur counseling centers from Mehr to Espand of 2017 (1396). In order to analyze the data, we applied the following measuring tools: SCID-I, Connor's social phobia inventory, difficulties in emotion regulation and behavioral inhibition system/behavioral activation system and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).Findings: Based on the results, there are significant differences between the woman with social anxiety disorder and normal women, specifically at the levels of difficulties in emotion regulation and behavioral inhibition system/behavioral activation system (P
Original Article
Nahid Bijeh; fahime sadat jamali; fateme nejati; mahbobe lotfalizade
Volume 25, Issue 5 , November and December 2018, Pages 706-714
Abstract
Background: Obesity in patients is followed by decreased kidney function and leads to renal damage in healthy people. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise with and without green tea consumption on kidney function in sedentary postmenopausal women.Materials and Methods: ...
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Background: Obesity in patients is followed by decreased kidney function and leads to renal damage in healthy people. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise with and without green tea consumption on kidney function in sedentary postmenopausal women.Materials and Methods: Out of 60 volunteers, 29 sedentary postmenopausal women with a body mass index higher than 25 kg/m2 were randomly divided into three groups, exercise, supplement and exercise+supplement. Aerobic exercise program was performed for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week and each session for 45 minutes at 65-75 % of maximum heart rate. Supplement groups consumed 6 g of green tea powder in 600 ml of almost boiling water (80 °) daily and one hour before their meals for 8 weeks. Combined group performed exercise and consumed supplement, simultaneously.Results: In supplement group, creatinine levels (p=0.048) decreased significantly; While none of the variables in exercise group (uric acid (p=0.432), urea (p=0.681) and creatinine (p=1)) and exercise+supplement group (uric acid (p=0.597), urea (p=0.270) and creatinine (p=0.235)) had no significant change. Between groups changes in any of the variables was not significant too.Conclusion: Eight weeks of aerobic exercises in water alone and in combination with green tea consumption did not improve renal function in obese and overweight postmenopausal women, while green tea consumption alone decreased serum creatinine and improved renal function.
Original Article
Nursing
seyed javad hoseini; mahbobeh firooz; Seyyed Reza Mazlom
Volume 25, Issue 5 , November and December 2018, Pages 716-722
Abstract
Introduction: One of the best criteria for evaluation proper blood glucose control is measurement level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Non-prescriptive strategies such as self-efficacy promotion are recommended in order to achieve the appropriate level of HbA1c. In results of previous studies there ...
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Introduction: One of the best criteria for evaluation proper blood glucose control is measurement level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Non-prescriptive strategies such as self-efficacy promotion are recommended in order to achieve the appropriate level of HbA1c. In results of previous studies there is an inconsistence between self-efficacy and HbA1c level, therefore this article performed with purpse of determining the relationship between self- efficacy and HbA1c level in adolescents with type I diabetes refering to Mashhad Parsian center of diabetes. Methods: This descriptive - analytical study performed on convenience 70 young people with the age range of12to18 who were diagnosed with type I diabetes referring to Parsian Diabetes Center of diabetes.Data collected through questionnaires of demographic information and insulin-dependent diabetes management self-efficacy scale (IDMSE) and taken blood samples to measurement levels of HbA1c. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 11.5 with descriptive and analytic test.Result: Pearson correlation test results showed that there was an inverse and significant relationship between self-efficacy and HbA1c (r= -0.60, p
Original Article
Nursing
Zahra Estaji; Mojtaba Rad; Mohammad Hasan Rakhshani; mehdi miri
Volume 25, Issue 5 , November and December 2018, Pages 723-729
Abstract
Background: It is important to maintain proper endotracheal tube cuff pressure during hospitalization in intensive care units (ICUs). Among variables affecting endotracheal tube cuff pressure (p.cuff) in patients is various nursing practices. So, this study assessed the effect of body position changes ...
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Background: It is important to maintain proper endotracheal tube cuff pressure during hospitalization in intensive care units (ICUs). Among variables affecting endotracheal tube cuff pressure (p.cuff) in patients is various nursing practices. So, this study assessed the effect of body position changes on p.cuff in patients hospitalized at the ICU. Materials and methods: In this clinical trial, mechanically ventilated patients with oral endotracheal tube hospitalized at the ICU were enrolled. The patients were selected using the purposive sampling method. A demographic data checklist and Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale were used to collect the data. p.cuff changes, after changing body position to the left and right at bed angles of 30° and 45°, were immediately measured and recorded. The data were analyzed using the SAS and SPSS 19 software packages along with descriptive statistical tests, chi-square test, independent t-test and ANOVA at the significance level of 0.05.Results: The results of this study showed no significant relationship between demographic variables and endotracheal tube cuff pressure changes. The results indicated a significant relationship between endotracheal tube cuff pressure at 30-degree bed angle and cuff pressure in the body position changes to the left (p = 0.004) and right (p = 0.00), as well as between 45° head of bed and cuff pressure in the body position changes to right (p = 0.012).Conclusion: The endotracheal tube cuff pressure was observed to change by changing the patient's position, change. Therefore, it is recommended to measure p.cuff and regulate it within the therapeutic range.
Original Article
Psychology
Sajjad Basharpoor; nesa kazemi; Mohammadnabi salehi
Volume 25, Issue 5 , November and December 2018, Pages 731-739
Abstract
Aim: Breast cancer is the most effective emotional and psychological cancer among women, which causes deep emotional and emotional problems in the patient, considering that death anxiety is one of the important psychological variables in cancer patients and self-differentiation level with person's ability ...
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Aim: Breast cancer is the most effective emotional and psychological cancer among women, which causes deep emotional and emotional problems in the patient, considering that death anxiety is one of the important psychological variables in cancer patients and self-differentiation level with person's ability To reduce anxiety. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of positive group psychotherapy on self-differentiation and death anxiety in women with breast cancer in Bijar city.Materials and Methods: The method Current study was Experimental to pretest-posttest design with control group. A sample was selected from all women with breast cancer, whose names were recorded in Bijar Health Center until 2013. people 30 Based on criteria for having a history of breast cancer and diagnosis by a specialist, having read and write literacy, being married, were selected. They were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The instrument used in this study was a standard self-differentiation questionnaire (DSI-R), Death Anxiety Scale (DAS), and a positive group psychotherapy package. The datas were analyzed by SPSS-21 software and descriptive indicators and covariance analysis test. Results: The results of covariance analysis indicated that there was a significant difference between the post-test of two groups in self-differentiation (P< 0.000, F=38/58) and death anxiety (p