Original Article
Microbiology
Hanieh Abdi; kumarss amini; Akram sadat Tabatabaiee bafroie
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 169-175
Abstract
Introduction: Antibiotic resistance in Salmonella is considered in the past two decades due to resistance associated with the consumption of drugs as additives in animal food chain, indiscriminate use of arbitrary know the people and the administration. Mortality in epidemics caused by strains resistant ...
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Introduction: Antibiotic resistance in Salmonella is considered in the past two decades due to resistance associated with the consumption of drugs as additives in animal food chain, indiscriminate use of arbitrary know the people and the administration. Mortality in epidemics caused by strains resistant to antibiotics has increased. The aim of this study was to investigate the quinolone resistance genes in Salmonella enteritidis isolated from food.Materials and Methods: The study included 60 isolates of S. Enteritidis isolates from food-microbiological research laboratory of microbial collection Pasargadae was taken. Antibiotic resistance patterns of Salmonella isolates to disk antibiotics (amoxicillin, nitrofurantoin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, cephalothin, norfloxacin and ofloxacin) with disk diffusion testing by Kirby - Bauer was based on CLSI. The genes qnrB, qnrS and qnrA simultaneously with Multiplex PCR method was investigated.Results: The results show that all 60 isolates tested (100%) were sensitive to cephalothin complete and while most resistance to nitrofurantoin among the isolates (50 isolates, 83. 3%) and then nalidixic acid ( 44 isolates, 73.3%) is. A total of 8 isolates of Salmonella enteritidis was identified 5 qnr B gene (62.5%) and 3 isolates qnr S gene (37.5%), respectively.Conclusion: the qnrS and qnrB resistance genes are play an important role in the creation and transmission of antibiotic resistance. Screening quinolone resistance gene as a marker and mark the acquisition and development of antibiotic resistance can be used as an important strategy in the fight against antibiotic resistance in bacteria.
Original Article
Mahdi Mirhamidi; mohammad Neamatshahi
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 177-183
Abstract
Introduction:Hallux valgus is a common foot condition and marked as an anterior deviation of the big toe (hallux)toward the other toes with outward deviation and forming a further bony structure called a bunion on the inner surface of the foot. In this study ,we aim to study the efficiency and effectiveness ...
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Introduction:Hallux valgus is a common foot condition and marked as an anterior deviation of the big toe (hallux)toward the other toes with outward deviation and forming a further bony structure called a bunion on the inner surface of the foot. In this study ,we aim to study the efficiency and effectiveness of modified method of seri technique,from mis techniques to evaluate correction of valgus deformity in halluxMethods:In this study , all patients who referred to orthopedic clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia in 2013 who had hallux valgus deformity ,the inclusion criteria for the study and had conflict on one or both sides were selected and reconstructive surgery and correction of foot deformities was performed by SERI technique.1.5 months after,and 6 months after surgery ,AP and lateral radiographs of the foot were taken and AOFAS test was done. Result:A total of 12 patients,all female , participated in the study , AOFAS test scores, the angle between the first and second metatarsal (IMA) and the angle of HVA was assessed three times . AOFAS scores has a significant association with the time graph, but did not have a significant association with age. The angle between the first and second metatarsal (IMA) was significantly reduced after 6 months,indicating a significant effect of this method in reducing the angle of the IMA.Also the relationship between HVA decrement and the time was significant, but there was no significantdifference between age and the decrement in HVA.
Original Article
Traditional medicine
Hamid Momeni; Hajar Sadeghi; Ashraf Salehi
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 185-194
Abstract
Comparison of Matricariachamomilla oil, Trachyspermumcopticum oil and Clonidine on Withdrawal syndrome in Narcotics Anonymous Abstract: Introduction: Study aimed to compare the effects of chamomile oil , oil copticum and clonidine withdrawal syndrome NA groups was performed . Method and Materials: This ...
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Comparison of Matricariachamomilla oil, Trachyspermumcopticum oil and Clonidine on Withdrawal syndrome in Narcotics Anonymous Abstract: Introduction: Study aimed to compare the effects of chamomile oil , oil copticum and clonidine withdrawal syndrome NA groups was performed . Method and Materials: This study is a Double-blind one stage clinical trial with the comparison group. The sample consisted of 135 patients who were randomly NA groups in thecontrol and intervention groups (two groups) were placed. In intervention groups1, chamomile oil, in the intervention group2, oil copticum common and in control group treated with clonidine withdrawal is received. COW's symptoms questionnaire was recorded in6steps, and the results were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Baseline mean and standard deviation of withdrawal syndrome in the group of Matricariachamomilla oil, Trachyspermumcopticum oil and Clonidine respectively (241/7 ± 15/24), (845/8 ± 52/26) and (469/7 ± 03/23) and after the intervention (442/7 ± 11/12), (452/8 ± 42/11) and (775/7 ± 51/8), respectively. ANOVA test showed that the three groups before the intervention (p=0/32) and after (p= 0/70) no significant difference in the degree of addiction syndrome. Conclusion: Vegetable oil on the impact of the withdrawal syndrome More studies are needed. Keywords: Matricariachamomilla oil, Trachyspermumcopticum oil, Clonidin withdrawal syndrome, Narcotics Anonymous
Original Article
Aging
Mansoureh Feizabadi; Esmaeil Vaziri
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 195-203
Abstract
Objectives and background: nowadays, dementia is considered as a global epidemy that causes disability particularly in the elderly people. With Population increase of the elderly people around the world, there are an increasing number of people with dementia which in turn results in an increase in the ...
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Objectives and background: nowadays, dementia is considered as a global epidemy that causes disability particularly in the elderly people. With Population increase of the elderly people around the world, there are an increasing number of people with dementia which in turn results in an increase in the related research. Scientometric studies provide the opportunity of investigating the situation of scientific production and the subject trends in this area of research. Materials and Methods: the present study examines the scientific production of dementia based on the Web of Science in Geriatrics and Gerontology subject category till the end of June 2015. The word co-occurrence analysis of keywords was used in order to mapping science and determines the subject trend of dementia-related research.Findings: the results showed that the number of articles has increased from 14 research papers in 1983 to 1130 in 2014. 14417 research papers involve 55892 keywords. The results from word co-occurrence analysis of keywords indicated that these concepts are classified into 5 cluster including Cognition, Frail Elderly, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer Disease, and Dementia. Moreover, the results of keyword analysis in 5 year periods showed that in addition to Alzheimer Disease and Dementia, the number of keywords such as Cognition, aging, Memory, and caregiver increased. Besides Alzheimer Disease and Dementia, the risk factors enhance.Conclusion: familiarity with the research trends and hot subjects in dementia research help the researchers and policymakers with making better decisions in conducting research studies and funding on this area.
Original Article
Mahmood Nikseresht
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 205-215
Abstract
Background: Regular exercise training has been postulated as an important strategy to reduce inflammatory markers, but it is still not clear what type of training is most appropriate. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of nonlinear resistance training (NRT) and aerobic interval training ...
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Background: Regular exercise training has been postulated as an important strategy to reduce inflammatory markers, but it is still not clear what type of training is most appropriate. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of nonlinear resistance training (NRT) and aerobic interval training (AIT) on interleukin-18 (IL-18) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in obese young men. An additional aim was to compare the inflammatory markers between the obese and non-obese men to determine the obesity effect. Materials and Methods: Thirty-eight obese and young men (age=31.4±5.2 year, body fat%=27.3±1.5) were randomly assigned to NRT (n=14), AIT (n=12) and control (CON, n=12) groups. An age-matched control group of non-obese men were also recruited for baseline comparison. Independent t-test and 2-factor repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for analyzing data.Results: No significant differences were noted at baseline between obese and non-obese men for IL-18 (P=0.17), CRP (P=0.77) and VO2peak (P=0.24). After training, VO2peak increased in NRT (P=0.03) and AIT (P=0.001) compared to the CON, but in AIT more than in NRT (P=0.02). Compared to the CON, both of training were equally effective at reducing fat mass (P=0.001). However, there were no significantly changes in IL-18 (P = 0.26) and CRP (P=0.15) after training. Conclusion: Lack of significant differences for IL-18 and CRP between obese and non-obese men might be due to the similar status in age and aerobic fitness. It seems that 2 exercise programs could not make a significant reduction in the concentrations of inflammatory markers.
Original Article
Physical Education
mohammad fathi
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 2017-227
Abstract
According to avoid the compromising the immune system after exhaustive exercise and the role of micronutrients in this background, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin C supplementation on the salivary immunoglobulin A, cortisol and total protein concentration on active girls ...
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According to avoid the compromising the immune system after exhaustive exercise and the role of micronutrients in this background, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin C supplementation on the salivary immunoglobulin A, cortisol and total protein concentration on active girls college following exhaustive physical activity program. In this semi-experimental study, 17 active girl (age 22.11 ± 2.36), weight 55.70 ± 6.81 kg, and body mass index 20.88 ± 2.25 kg.m2 voluntarily participated and randomly assigned into three groups: exercise - vitamin C supplementation (n=6), exercise (n=5) and control group (n = 6). exercise - vitamin C supplementation group performed an exhaustive physical activity program (7 days in AM and PM) with receive daily 500 mg vitamin C tablets at lunch time, exercise groups performed same protocol without supplementation receive, and the control group performed neither the physical activity nor received the supplement. Saliva samples were collected one day before starting the physical activity program and also 24 and 72 hours after the last session, in 9:30 morning. The One-Way ANOVA test was used to comparison of means among groups. The results showed there was no significant difference in salivary IgA concentrations between groups in 24 hours (P=0.9 and F=0.4) and 72 hours after the last session exercise (P=0.1 and F=0.8), and also in cortisol concentrations, in 24 hours (P=0.7 and F=0.2)
Original Article
Akram Rahimi-Moghaddam; Siavosh Salmanzadeh-Ahrabi; Tahereh Falsafi
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 229-236
Abstract
Backgrounds Streptococcus pyogenes is the most common cause of bacterial pharyngitis. Patients with streptococcal pharyngitis should be rapidly treated with appropriate antibiotics. Rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis can develop as complications of inadequately treated streptococcal pharyngitis. ...
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Backgrounds Streptococcus pyogenes is the most common cause of bacterial pharyngitis. Patients with streptococcal pharyngitis should be rapidly treated with appropriate antibiotics. Rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis can develop as complications of inadequately treated streptococcal pharyngitis. Furthermore, antibiotic misuse promotes antibiotic resistance. Throat swab culture is standard diagnostic method for detection of S.pyogenes, which is time-consuming. Thus, developing a new, rapid, appropriate and inexpensive kit is very important for detection of S.pyogenes from pharyngeal specimens. Methods and Materials In this study a new kit was designed for rapid detection of S.pyogenes. Twenty four S.pyogenes isolates were examined with both latex agglutination test and new kit. Sensitivity and specificity of new kit were calculated considering latex agglutination test results. Thirty sample swabs were also obtained from students of Alzahra University for examination of effect the new kit on normal throat flora. Results Twenty four S.pyogenes isolates were identified as S.pyogenes using latex agglutination test and same results were obtained using new kit (κ = 1). The sensitivity and specificity of our new kit were 100% and 100%, respectively. Growth of the normal flora was inhibited in the second section of three section plate.Conclusion New kit can decrease the required time and expense for detection S.pyogenes from pharyngeal specimens. It can also provide possibility rapid treatment with appropriate antibiotics and prevents rheumatic fever, acute glomerulonephritis, unwanted side effects of antibiotic misuse and antibiotic resistance.
Original Article
Physiology & Pharmacology
mohsen dehbashi; Amir Rashidlamir
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 231-239
Abstract
Introduction:The utilization of steroid derivatives has become a major concern in the sport community; the aim of the present study was the investigation of eight weeks testosterone enanthate (TE) administrationand resistance training (RT) effects on liver enzyme profile in male rats.Materials and Methods:The ...
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Introduction:The utilization of steroid derivatives has become a major concern in the sport community; the aim of the present study was the investigation of eight weeks testosterone enanthate (TE) administrationand resistance training (RT) effects on liver enzyme profile in male rats.Materials and Methods:The thirty five rats (age: 10 weeks, weight: 12 ± 200 g) randomly was divided to five groups (n=7) including: 1) control+placebo, 2) RT + placebo, 3) TE, 4) RT + moderate dose of TE, and 5) RT + high dose of TE. The resistance training was consisted of climbing (5 reps/3 sets) a ladder carrying a load suspended from the tail for 8 weeks. At the end, whole blood samples were obtained from the orbital sinus and serum activity of liver enzymes including AST, GGT, ALT and ALP was measured by spectrophotometry.Findings:AST activity RT+HTE group was significantly higher than C, RT and TE groups. This enzyme also had marked higher activity in RT+MTE group compared with C and RT groups(P
Original Article
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
Parisa Kerishchi; sayeh Bidaran
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 241-250
Abstract
Introduction: Study of Factors affecting regulation and modulation cytokine balance is particularly important in order to inhibit the growth and spread of breast cancer cells in women. In this study the effect of Allium cepa to inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells in female BALB/c mice who have ...
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Introduction: Study of Factors affecting regulation and modulation cytokine balance is particularly important in order to inhibit the growth and spread of breast cancer cells in women. In this study the effect of Allium cepa to inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells in female BALB/c mice who have been patient by induction of cell line 4T1 were investigated.Materials and Methods: In this study have been used of the mice, BALB /c female with breast cancer by injection of mouse cell line 4T1. In each group: Normal control, morbid without treatment (sham) and the experimental group (at the same time induction, were receiving onion root extract food rations) were randomly 8 mice. Daily after washing, dewatering roots red onion (Allium cepa) and fed oral for once a day each of the mouse in the experimental group .1 ml/100gBW/day. The mice are placed under deep anesthesia7 weeks after Induced cell line 4T1. During the seven weeks the mice were weighed every other day .Tumor volume was measured by caliper following the formation of the tumor until the end of the seventh week. The tumor weighed after removal from the body. Spleen removed and was placed in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10%, FBS and ELISA tests were performed to measure the IFN-γ and IL-4 levels. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 18). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess differences between groups and Tukey's test was used in order to determine the significance of differences between groups.
Original Article
immunology & Biochemistry
Maryam Khalesi
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 251-258
Abstract
AbstractBackground: Physical activity and exercise along with nutrition and hygiene, are major factors in prevention of diseases. Due to increase in pulmonary disease prevalence in recent decades and the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of these diseases, the purpose of this study was to ...
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AbstractBackground: Physical activity and exercise along with nutrition and hygiene, are major factors in prevention of diseases. Due to increase in pulmonary disease prevalence in recent decades and the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of these diseases, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a period swimming exercise on Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) and Forkhead box O3 (FoxO3a) genes expression in lung tissue of wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty wistar rats with the weight of 102 ± 23 g randomly divided into two groups: exercise (n=10) and control (n=10). The exercise protocol included three months of swimming exercise (5 times per week) which begun from 25 minutes in the first week (4 liters per minute) and reached to 60 minutes (10 liters per minute) in the final week. Real time- PCR method was used to assess the genes expression of Sirt1 and FoxO3a in lung tissue. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality and Independent t test was used to compare the group (α
Original Article
shirin hasani; Ali Mashhadi
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 259-266
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Recently, emotions and their psychological impact on different variables have attracted a special attention. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the role of emotions (positive and negative) in Students’ goals. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive-correlation ...
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Background and Objectives: Recently, emotions and their psychological impact on different variables have attracted a special attention. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the role of emotions (positive and negative) in Students’ goals. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive-correlation study, based on random cluster sampling, a total of 201 subjects of all 420 students of physical education in 2010-2011 (in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad) were recruited, using Morgan Table. To achieve the objectives of the questionnaires, goal orientation scales and positive and negative affectivity were used. Data were interpreted using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis. Results: A positive and significant relationship exists between mastery-approach (r=0.19, p<0.01) and mastery-avoidance goals with positive affect (r=0.23, p<0.01). There is a significant relationship between the negative emotions with the goal of functional-avoidance (r=0.15, p<0.05) and those with the goal of mastery-avoidance (r=-0.16, p<0.05). Positive affect was able to predicts the goals of progress in mastery-approach and functional-approach (p=0.05), while functional-avoidance and mastery-avoidance goals were predictable by negative affect (p=0.049). Conclusion: The results showed that the choice of objectives by students can be involved in their emotional aspects.
Original Article
Physical Education
Akbar Sazvar; YAGHOOB MEHRIALVAR
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 267-277
Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of interval training on gene expression of Ryanodine receptors' calcium channels and calcium pump in ischemic rats.Methodology: 28 Wistar male rats (200-250 g) were used in this study. They were randomly divided into 4 groups: Sham, ...
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Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of interval training on gene expression of Ryanodine receptors' calcium channels and calcium pump in ischemic rats.Methodology: 28 Wistar male rats (200-250 g) were used in this study. They were randomly divided into 4 groups: Sham, Ischemia, Exercise, and Exercise-ischemia. Myocardial infarction (MI) was done by closing the descending coronary artery (LAD) for 30 minutes. Exercise program on treadmill was for 8 weeks, 3 days a week for 40 minutes. The rats were anesthetized and the heart tissue was isolated 48 hours after the last training session and injections. SERCA2a and RyR2 gene expression was measured for heart tissue cells. Results: The results showed that SERCA2a gene expression level was increased in both groups of exercise and exercise-ischemia (p= 0.001) and this increase was significantly higher in exercise-ischemia group (p = 0.001). Also, the results showed that 8 weeks of interval training significantly increased RyR2 gene expression level in two groups of exercise- ischemia and exercise. But a significant decrease was observed in RyR2 gene expression level in ischemia group. Discussion and Conclusion: This study results show that a regular interval training program eliminates abnormal contractions associated with cardiomyopathy due to myocardial ischemia and rehabilitates cardiac muscle calcium control and increases mainly the contraction strength by the increase of left ventricle mass.
Original Article
Omid Azizian Shermeh; Mozhgan Taherizadeh; Moharam Valizadeh; Alireza Zaboli
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 279-292
Abstract
Background: In this study antimicrobial activities, antioxidant activities and phytochemical compounds in the essential oil and extracts of Cumbopogon olivieri were studied.Material & Methods: For investigation of phytochemical compounds such as total phenolic and total flavonoid contents in three ...
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Background: In this study antimicrobial activities, antioxidant activities and phytochemical compounds in the essential oil and extracts of Cumbopogon olivieri were studied.Material & Methods: For investigation of phytochemical compounds such as total phenolic and total flavonoid contents in three extracts (Methanolic, ethanolic and aqueous) and essential oil by Folin-Ciocaltiu, Aluminum Chloride colorimetric and GC-MS methods and antioxidant activities of extracts by two methods (DPPH and FRAP) and antimicrobial activities of essential oil and extracts of Cumbopogon olivieri against three bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and two fungi such as Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger by two methods (well diffusion and Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)) respectively.Results: The results showed that, the methanolic extract had maximum total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity and aqueous extract had minimum value of this compounds and activity. In investigation of essential oil, three compounds such as piperitone (82.95%), carene (2.493%) and limonene were the major constituents. The results of antimicrobial activity showed that, the essential oil and extracts had good inhibition effect on all of bacteria and fungi and this inhibition depends to concentration.Conclusion: Overall, based on the results obtained, the plant can be a good candidate for the treatment of diseases caused by oxidative stress, and diseases caused by pathogenic microbes. Also due to power up the plant in the elimination of pathogens, could be a viable alternative to antibiotics.
Original Article
Physiology & Pharmacology
Mahboubeh Setorki; Razieh Mahmoodi; Zahra Zanganeh nezhad
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 293-301
Abstract
Introduction: Parkinson's disease results from degenerative loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and other part of the brain stem. Oxidative stress plays a major role in neuronal death in this disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Biarum carduchrum extract in treatment ...
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Introduction: Parkinson's disease results from degenerative loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and other part of the brain stem. Oxidative stress plays a major role in neuronal death in this disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Biarum carduchrum extract in treatment of Parkinson's disease.Methods: Rats were divided randomly into 5 groups of 8 animals. The control group did not receive any lesion. In Parkinson's group, Parkinson was induced by injection of 6- OHDA in the right anterior mid-brain (MFB). Third, fourth and fifth groups received Biarum carduchrum extract at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg via gavage for 14 days, 7 days after induction of Parkinson models. On day 15 behavioral tests, including catalepsy and open field was performed. Results: Parkinsonian group showed higher immobility time than control group in catalepsy test and rats treatment with Biarum carduchrum extract at doses of 200 and 400 dramatically reduce the immobilization time.Discussion: The results of this study show that Biarum carduchrum extract can improve motor impairment induced by Parkinson's, although didn’t significantly affect knowledge and anxiety in rats.
Original Article
Yaser Nozohor; Mohammad hasan Rasouli fard; Jafar Rahmani; Payam Faramarzi
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 303-309
Abstract
Introduction: Urinary tract infection is one of the most common infections and the second cause of infection in human body. The main cause of this infection is gram negative bacteria such as E coli. The base of treatment for urinary tract infection is administrating an appropriate antibiotic. Today, ...
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Introduction: Urinary tract infection is one of the most common infections and the second cause of infection in human body. The main cause of this infection is gram negative bacteria such as E coli. The base of treatment for urinary tract infection is administrating an appropriate antibiotic. Today, antibiotic resistance is considered as an important challenge in treating infections. High and unnecessary use of antibiotics especially in urinary infections resulted in resistance to some antibioticsThis study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial effect of alcoholic extract of Escherichia coli took over the pine leaves.Methods: In this experimental study the Alcoholic extract was extracted using. its antimicrobial activity agar disk diffusion method for determination of bacterial sensitivity and dilution method for determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) is used separately.Results: Also the results of MIC and MBC tests indicated that the inhibition of E.coli and Staphilococci aureus bacterial growth by Alcoholic extract of pine had a direct relationship with the amount of available alcoholic extract of pine. with increasing of Alcoholic extract of pine in each dilution, reduced the number of cultured bacterial colonies and no bacterial growth was observed in the dilution equivalent to MBC of Alcoholic extract of pine.Conclusion: The results suggest that Alcoholic extract of pine can be used as a source of cheap and accessible replacing chemical drugs to treat some bacterial infections.
Original Article
genetics
Shamim Ashrafi; farzaneh Tafvizi
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 311-319
Abstract
Background: Unexplained infertility refers to cases in which the standard diagnostic procedures available do not lead to a specific cause for the infertility. Gln223Arg polymorphism was associated with high serum leptin and consequently obesity, polycystic ovarian syndrome and infertility. The aim of ...
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Background: Unexplained infertility refers to cases in which the standard diagnostic procedures available do not lead to a specific cause for the infertility. Gln223Arg polymorphism was associated with high serum leptin and consequently obesity, polycystic ovarian syndrome and infertility. The aim of this study was to investigate genetic variation of leptin receptor gene in unexplained infertile women. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was performed in 2015-2016. The subjects were 102 women with unexplained infertility and 112 fertile women with normal hormone profile. All participants gave their signature in consent document. After an overnight fasting, 5 CC blood sample was drawn from all subjects in the day 3 of menstruation. Genotyping of Gln223Arg polymorphism was performed using RFLP-PCR technique. Results: No significant association was observed between Gln223Arg polymorphism and unexplained infertility. The studied population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for Gln223Arg polymorphism. Therefore, there were not disturbing factors of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the population. Conclusion: In present study, LEPR Gln223Arg polymorphism is not a risk factor for women with unexplained infertility. However, more studies on larger populations and the other leptin receptor polymorphism are suggested to understand the role of this polymorphism in women with unexplained infertility.
Original Article
Physical Education
shima ahmadi; asghar tofighi; seyede masoumeh seyedi; alireza shirpoor
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 321-329
Abstract
Background and Objective: Abuse of anabolic steroids to increase concerns about the harmful effects of these drugs on different organs, including the kidneys has increased. Sports activities such as swimming does not modify the effects of anabolic steroids. In this study, the effects of anabolic steroids ...
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Background and Objective: Abuse of anabolic steroids to increase concerns about the harmful effects of these drugs on different organs, including the kidneys has increased. Sports activities such as swimming does not modify the effects of anabolic steroids. In this study, the effects of anabolic steroids with or without swimming the public and biochemical changes in renal tissue of rats was performed.Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of 32 male rats Wistar, with an average weight of 20 ± 220 g in the form of four groups of nandrolone alone 10 mg / kg (n = 8), nandrolone and forced swim 10 mg / gr (n = 8), forced swim alone (n = 8) and controls (n = 8) were divided. In this study, urine samples were collected to measure biochemical variables. : Data obtained with the software spss version 21 Test and one-way ANOVA significant level P≤0 / 05 was performed.Results: H & E and PAS staining nandrolone decanoate + exercise groups compared with control groups and sports inflammation of the glomeruli, tubular atrophy, the number of leukocytes was more evident.Conclusion: The results of swimming exercise any impact on different parts of the kidney of male rats does not allow the use of nandrolone could be change in these sectors.Keywords: nandrolone, sports, swimming, stained H & E, coloring PAS, rats, creatinine, urea
Original Article
Psychology
Ali mohammad Naemi; Maryam Davarzani
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 231-239
Abstract
Background and aim: Communication skills are a set of skills that can lead to an optimal interaction between individuals and groups within the organization and provide ground for professional ethics and staff procrastination. Accordingly, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating ...
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Background and aim: Communication skills are a set of skills that can lead to an optimal interaction between individuals and groups within the organization and provide ground for professional ethics and staff procrastination. Accordingly, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of training of communication skills with religious approach to professional ethics and occupational hardship of employees.Materials and methods: This study is experimental and used pretest-posttest with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of administrative staff of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences in 1395, 80 of them were selected by simple random sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (40 individuals each). The intervention group received 6 sessions of 90 minutes and during 6 weeks, they received communication skills with religious approach training and did not see the educational control group. For collecting data, standard questionnaires of professional ethics and procrastination were used. For analyzing data, SPSS-22 software and descriptive and inferential statistical methods (ANCOVA) were used.Results: The results showed that communication skills training with religious approach had a positive and significant effect on the professional ethics (F = 5.33, P
Original Article
Mostapha Ghafari; Ali Taheri
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 241-249
Abstract
Background: Increasing the resistance of pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics is the new challenges for human Bing. Seaweeds are good sources of raw material for drug products due to the abundance and diversity of secondary metabolites. The major secondary metabolites of marine algae are halogenated compounds, ...
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Background: Increasing the resistance of pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics is the new challenges for human Bing. Seaweeds are good sources of raw material for drug products due to the abundance and diversity of secondary metabolites. The major secondary metabolites of marine algae are halogenated compounds, which show antimicrobial, antifungal and antiviral properties.Materials and Methods: The extraction procedure was conducted by maceration and ultrasounication with organic solvents include methanol and n-hexane. The disk diffusion test, MIC and MBC study was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial properties against bacteria. Data analysis was performed by One Way ANOVA.Results: In this study, Listeria monocytogenes showed highest sensitivity to n-hexanic extract of algae Dictyota cervicornis in 1/5 dilution W/V, in compare to the dilution of 1/10 and 1/15W/V (p>0.05). Soaking method extracts didn’t show any significant effect against the studied bacteria.Conclusion: based on the results, n-Hexanic extract of the Dictyota cervicornis algae showed better antibacterial effects in compare to the Methanolic extract and soaking method. But if biochemical composition of the extract could be recognize, the antibacterial effect of the extract could be enhanced.
Original Article
Fatemeh Farzanpoor; mohammad hasan rabiee; mojtaba Fattahi
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 251-258
Abstract
Background: Considering the necessity of hospital infection control because of the long recovery time and increasing the mortality of patients as well as the lack of accurate reports and statistics of some hospitals, the prevalence of nosocomial infections and associated factors were examined in Vasei ...
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Background: Considering the necessity of hospital infection control because of the long recovery time and increasing the mortality of patients as well as the lack of accurate reports and statistics of some hospitals, the prevalence of nosocomial infections and associated factors were examined in Vasei Hospital of Sabzevar during the years of 2009-2013. Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive-analytical research. Of 89429 patients admitted during the years of 2009-2013, 1046 cases of patients with nosocomial infections in Vasei Hospital of Sabzevar were studied using SPSS version 22 and chi-square test.Results: According to the result of this study, the prevalence of nosocomial infections in all wards of the hospital was 1.2 percent (1046 patients), and the prevalence of nosocomial infections based on the type of infection in hospitalized patients was infections of urinary tract, 0.4% (367 patients), respiratory, 0.5 % (468 patients), anemia, 0.1 % (52 patients), and surgical wounds, 0.3% (277 persons). The most common nosocomial infection was related to the respiratory infections, which is 44 percent of all infections cases. A significant relationship between age, sex and type of infection was not observed. The most common isolated microorganism was coagulase-negative Staphylococci.Conclusion: With accepted prevalence and compare to other studies, the prevalence of nosocomial infections has been reported less than the standard. The results of our research encourage us to standardize the hospital infection reports reported by hospitals as well as solve available problems.
Original Article
genetics
Sonia Faridi; Narges Zeinal zadeh
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, Pages 259-269
Abstract
Background and objective: Breast cancer is one of the main causes of death among Iranian women. Human RAD51 protein, play a central role in homologous recombination repair of double-stranded DNA breaks and is essential for maintaining genomic stability. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the 5′-untranslated ...
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Background and objective: Breast cancer is one of the main causes of death among Iranian women. Human RAD51 protein, play a central role in homologous recombination repair of double-stranded DNA breaks and is essential for maintaining genomic stability. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the 5′-untranslated region of RAD51 gene (RAD51 135G˃C) is reported to modulate breast cancer risk. The aim of this study was to find out the relationship of this SNP with breast cancer risk among Iranian Azeri Turkish women.Materials and methods: This case-control study was performed on 127 breast cancer cases and 125 controls. Genomic DNA was extracted and the RAD51 135G > C genotype was determined using a PCR–Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) based assay and confirmed by sequencing. The results were analyzed statistically. Results: The frequencies of CC, CG and GG genotypes of RAD51 135G˃C were 1.613%, 20.161% and 78.225% in control group and 2.362%, 24.409% and 73.228% in patients, respectively. The results showed no significant differences among patients and controls groups.Conclusion: The data presented here may suggest that the RAD51 135G > C polymorphism is not associated with breast cancer risk in Iranian Azeri population.