Reihaneh Askary kachoosangy; Elaheh Habibi; Leila Hosseini
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, Pages 206-212
Abstract
Background and goal: High blood pressure (BP) is a health problem in all societies because of the association with ischemic heart diseases and cerebrovascular diseases. With increasing BMI and overweight, increases the risk of high blood pressure. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship ...
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Background and goal: High blood pressure (BP) is a health problem in all societies because of the association with ischemic heart diseases and cerebrovascular diseases. With increasing BMI and overweight, increases the risk of high blood pressure. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between hypertension and obesity (increased Body Mass Index).
Materials and Method: This study was a cross- sectional one. 400 people of 30-60 years old which referred to Shahid Motahary clinic of Marvdasht in 1391, were randomly selected and evaluated. All evaluations were done by two trained nurses through interview and physical examination. In this study, the BP was measured by Nova Riester mercury sphygmomanometer with 10 mmHg accuracy, and the weight was measured by Beurer scale with 100gr accuracy, and height was measured with a tape measure. All data were analyzed by SPSS version 18 (version 18, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL).
Findings: 20.46% of women and 19.40% of men had systolic blood pressure upper than 140. 9.35% of women and 11.25% of men had diastolic blood pressure upper than 90. 42.69% of women and 33.76% of men had BMI upper than 30. There is a significant relation between increased MBI and high blood pressure (p< 0.001).
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between overweight and obesity with hypertension in growing Iranian middle-aged population. Maintenance of normal weight and BMI are recommended as the primary prevention priorities of hypertension.
Effat Maskani; Hasan Abdollahzadeh; Batool Kalate Meimari; Farzaneh Saadattalab
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, Pages 213-219
Abstract
Background: This study was done for offering an effective situation of starting supplementary of growth process for children under the age of one year old in Sabzevar and also to direct the heath policy procedure in the area.
Material & Method: 400 samples using classification procedure based ...
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Background: This study was done for offering an effective situation of starting supplementary of growth process for children under the age of one year old in Sabzevar and also to direct the heath policy procedure in the area.
Material & Method: 400 samples using classification procedure based on volume of sample from health centers were chosen. The criteria for entering the study was that supplementary nutrition during evaluation was at least for one month. The data was gathered in two sections, before and after starting supplementary nutrition through checking the information of family record, quetionnaire and interview. For analysing the data, MecNemar test and correlation of Pierson were used.
Results: The age of staring supplementary nutrition in %80/75 was above six months. Desirable growth process before and after supplementary nutrition were %87 and %81/03, respectively. There was a significant statistical relationship between these two trends (p‹0.001 & r=0.595). And also there was a significant relationship between breastfeeding and growth process before starting supplementary nutrition (p=0.04 & r=0.115). MecNemar Test independently showed a statistically significant relationship between child sex, paternal occupation and maternal education level, before and after supplementary nutrition (p‹o.oo1). Although, this kind of relationship was not detected in the other cases.
Conclusion: Starting supplementary nutrition can be potentially a positive factor in desirable growth process(r=0.595), but other variables such as; child’s sex, father’s job and educational level of mother can impact on this situation, independently which must be observed in the process of nutritional consultation.
Zahra Nava Noorafshar; Mohsen Kooshan
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, Pages 220-224
Abstract
Introduction: Suicide is one of the social and health problems. Epidemiological studies of suicide can provide the basis for effective preventive actions. The present study has conducted with the aim of epidemiological investigation of people who commit suicide among people who refer to Sabzevar hospitals ...
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Introduction: Suicide is one of the social and health problems. Epidemiological studies of suicide can provide the basis for effective preventive actions. The present study has conducted with the aim of epidemiological investigation of people who commit suicide among people who refer to Sabzevar hospitals in 2010.
Material and Methods: This study has been a cross-sectional study. Documents of patients have been used for gathering required data. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis.
Findings: In this study, the prevalence of attempted suicide, has been calculated 1 per thousand. During a year, 471 cases of attempted suicide was recorded in the city of Sabzevar. 305 cases were in the age group of 15 to 24 years old which have been formed the highest prevalence of cases. In this study, women were 288 cases that make 61% of cases. Singles were 289 that make 61/4 % of cases. Most cases of committing suicide have been among housewives with 125 cases that include 26/5 % of cases
Conclusion: The prevalence of committing suicide in the Sabzevar city was calculated 1 per thousand. According to the suicide recording system of health ministry, Sabzevar with regard to committing suicide prevalence, is one of the cities with moderate risk.
Mejrnoosh Safarpor; Leila Kohan; Abdolhossein Porkhajeh
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, Pages 225-231
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease and obesity is a predictor of NAFLD risk in the general population. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between anthropometric parameters and obesity in NAFLD patients and comparison ...
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Background & Objectives: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease and obesity is a predictor of NAFLD risk in the general population. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between anthropometric parameters and obesity in NAFLD patients and comparison with healthy peoples.
Materials & Methods: This case-control study was carried out on 94 patients with NAFLD and 100 healthy individuals. Body mass index (BMI) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were measured in all participants. The Statistical analysis was performed using t-test and logistic regression model and P
Amir Heidari; Tahmineh Peirouvi; Azam Akbari; Rahim Mahmoudloo
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, Pages 232-237
Abstract
Background and purpose: In human cytochrome P450 (CYP), enzymes are responsible for the oxidative metabolism of many medicines. The greatest metabolism proportions are carried out by enzymes that are found in the liver. CYPs are located in the microsomes. For these reasons preparation of microsomes and ...
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Background and purpose: In human cytochrome P450 (CYP), enzymes are responsible for the oxidative metabolism of many medicines. The greatest metabolism proportions are carried out by enzymes that are found in the liver. CYPs are located in the microsomes. For these reasons preparation of microsomes and measurement of their protein are very important to determine the potency of liver for metabolic elimination of drugs in humans. The aim of this project was to extract microsmes and determine levels of microsomal protein in human tissue.
Methods: Eighteen biopsies of human liver were obtained with their consents from patients undergoing surgery. Liver samples were finely chopped and homogenized in the buffer. Liver homogenate was centrifuged in different steps to yield a microsomal pellet. Then content of total protein was determined according to Lowry method. Data were analyzed according to descriptive statistics method.
Results: The value of MPPGL (microsomal protein per gram of liver) ranged from14.1 to 27.2 mg per gram of liver (mean 20.24±3.77).
Conclusion: The values of MPPGL in this project were reported for the first time in Iran. The mean value of MPPGL in this project is lower than others studies. These results in this area, will aid the physicians to improve the level of safety of prescription of the medicines. Many doctors are unaware of the possible risks for patients whom have exposed by being treated with drugs.
Mohsen Barooni; Ahmad Rahbar; Ali Abzareh; Hadi Hami Parsa
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, Pages 238-245
Abstract
Background and purpose: Hospitals as the largest and most costly units in health care systems play a special role. The rate of their efficiency can be considered as a criterion for the measurement of performance and productivity of resource consumption in hospitals. The purpose of this study is to determine ...
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Background and purpose: Hospitals as the largest and most costly units in health care systems play a special role. The rate of their efficiency can be considered as a criterion for the measurement of performance and productivity of resource consumption in hospitals. The purpose of this study is to determine the technical efficiency of public hospitals of Qom University of medical sciences.
Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive – analytic study. In this research, for determining the efficiency of Qom University of Medical sciences which includes six teaching hospitals and two public hospitals, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)method used. Data and relevant Statistics were collected from medical record ward of those hospitals and were processed by Deap2 software to achieve the objectives of the research.
Results: The average technical efficiency score in 2011 and 2012 was estimated 0.717 and 0.751. With regard to technical efficiency score in 2012,the efficiency score of one hospital was 1 and three hospitals were between 1 – 0.8 and four hospitals were less than 0.8 .But in 2011 one hospital had the efficiency score of 1 and two hospitals had between 1-0.8 and other hospitals had less than 0.8.
Conclusions: The studied hospitals for achieving the maximum efficiency should reduce the number of extra product factors from initial product factors to achieve desired efficiency level. Because in 2011 and 2012, with the efficiency of %71 and %75 of their resources, respectively, could achieve the same output level.
Samira Rahimnejad; Majid Motamedzadeh; Razzagh Rahimpoor
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, Pages 246-255
Abstract
Background and purpose: The Upper Limb Disorders (ULDs) are the most prevalent types of occupational injuries, which appear following long exposure to ergonomics factors with specific repetition. The present study was aimed at assessing the upper limb disorders among assembly lines workers using Health ...
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Background and purpose: The Upper Limb Disorders (ULDs) are the most prevalent types of occupational injuries, which appear following long exposure to ergonomics factors with specific repetition. The present study was aimed at assessing the upper limb disorders among assembly lines workers using Health and Safety Executive (HSE) method and and also evaluating it's correlation with sense of pain in gas control company of Iran.
Material and Methods: This cross sectional analytical study was carried out on 40 assembly workers. In order to evaluate the ULDs, study was began by using Risk Factor and accurate assessment HSE questionnaires, then thequantitative indicator Body Map was used for measuring workers pain sense. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS16.
Results: The measured quantities of risk factor of repetition, working postures arm and shoulder, head and neck and fingers, hand and wrist were 92.5%, 72.5%, 50.0% and 45.0% respectively. Work history and gender were significantly related with most disorders (P-Value= 0.022 and 0.001 respectively). The best correlation coefficient was between postures arm and shoulder, postures hand and wrist, repetition with hand and shoulder pain level(R= 0.62, 0.67, 0.74 and 0.72 respectively).
Conclusion: Prevalence of the ULDs among assembly workers was high. Considering the low age and work history level of workers, an increase in ULDs signs intensity is predicted in the not too distant future.
Abbas Soleimani; Aliasghar Sefidgar; Sepideh Taghizadeh; Karimollah Hajian
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, Pages 256-262
Abstract
Background and purpose: The herbal tea is one of the most common hot beverages in the world. Tea poisoning as a result of saprophytic fungus contamination can cause many different diseases among human. This research was aimed at defining saprophytic fungus contamination rate of all kinds of tea which ...
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Background and purpose: The herbal tea is one of the most common hot beverages in the world. Tea poisoning as a result of saprophytic fungus contamination can cause many different diseases among human. This research was aimed at defining saprophytic fungus contamination rate of all kinds of tea which are being consumed in Babol, northern Iran.
Materials and Methods: This research was carried out on 100 samples of tea using descriptive – analytical method. The samples were gathered from different regions of the city including both homes and shops. The properties of tea are registered in a table. To define the level of the contamination, 20 pieces of each tea sample were cultivated in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (S) fields The grown fungus around tea pieces were recognized by an ordinary laboratory method, during daily observations of plates. The rate of contamination was measured based on the total amount of colony per100 mg of dry tea leaves. (P Value ≤ 0/05).
Results: All of the 100 cultivated tea samples were contaminated. The samples were classified into three groups of packed, unpacked and bagged tea, respectively. The maximum contamination rate was seen in bagged group. Statistical differences between groups were significant. (P< 0.001 (The most identified fungus were as follow: Aspergillus Niger, penisillium A. flavus, Mucur spp. Among tea samples which were collected from homes and shops, home samples were more polluted than shop samples, but there was not any significant difference (P=0.33). The unpacked tea samples were less polluted than firm packed tea samples but the difference was not significant (P=0.27).
Conclusion: The result of this study indicates that the consuming tea in Babol is highly contaminated by saprophytic fungus which can be a serious threat because of the popularity of tea as a hot beverage. And so an accurate control over all various steps of harvesting, processing and distributing of tea is necessary and recommended.
Mehdi Karimi Babokani; Mojtaba Keikha; Hossein Mirzaee; Hamid Salehinia
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, Pages 263-269
Abstract
Background: Identification of factors that influence job satisfaction can impact the efficiency and quality of nursing services and personal life. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate factors affecting job satisfaction of nurses in Isfahan hospitals
Materials & Methods: this study is cross ...
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Background: Identification of factors that influence job satisfaction can impact the efficiency and quality of nursing services and personal life. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate factors affecting job satisfaction of nurses in Isfahan hospitals
Materials & Methods: this study is cross – sectional and was conducted in 2013 on 100 nurses in private and public hospitals of Isfahan, which were selected by multistage sampling method. A two-part questionnaire was used to collect data: the first part was comprised from the demographic information and the second part was related to job satisfaction. Data analyzed by spss version 11, ANOVA and t-test at The significance level of 5% .
Results: In this study, only 35% of nurses were satisfied with their current job. Job satisfaction was significantly related with job position (p=0.001), type of employment (p=0.02) and sector of hospital (p=0.001).
Conclusion: It is essential for nurses managers to consider job position, type of employment and sector of hospital for improving the job satisfaction of their staff and, in this way, they can develop some plans to improve job satisfaction.
Samaneh Ghodrati; Seyyed Gholamreza Mosavi; ahmad Allahabadi
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, Pages 270-281
Abstract
Background: Removal of humic acids during water treatment is important because it can react readily with chlorine and produce carcinogen compounds. In this study, performance, kinetic and isotherm of humic acid (HA) adsorption onto NH4Cl-induced activated carbon (NAC) has been investigated and compared ...
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Background: Removal of humic acids during water treatment is important because it can react readily with chlorine and produce carcinogen compounds. In this study, performance, kinetic and isotherm of humic acid (HA) adsorption onto NH4Cl-induced activated carbon (NAC) has been investigated and compared to the standard activated carbon (SAC).
Materials and Methods: NAC and SAC were used as the adsorbent in the present work and adsorption experiments were performed in batch mode. Adsorption of humic acid (HA) on SAC and NAC as a function of solution initial pH (2-10), adsorbent dosage (0.1-0.4 g/L), contact time (5-70 min), and adsorbate concentration (5-20 mg/L) was investigated.
Results: NAC exhibited higher HA adsorption capacity than that of SAC and HA adsorption capacities for both decreased with increasing solution initial pH in range of 2 to 10. The HA removal efficiencies of SAC and NAC were found to increase with increasing the adsorbent dosage. The adsorption kinetics data were well fitted by pseudo-second-order equation. The mechanisms of the adsorption of HA on SAC and NAC at pH 7 may include electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding. The adsorption isotherm data showed that adsorption behavior of HA well fitted by Langmuir adsorption isotherm for both NAC and SAC. The maximum adsorption capacity was 93.45 and 67.57 mg/g for NAC and SAC, respectively.
Conclusion: The results revealed that NAC has significantly removed HA from aqueous solutions compared to SAC and even many other adsorbents. Thus NAC as a cheap and more appropriate adsorbent can be used for removal of humic substances from polluted waters.
Shabanali Khansanami; Zahra Abedini; Marziyeh Shahsiah; Zahra Taheri kharameh
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, Pages 282-288
Abstract
Introduction: Improving competent and active groups’ quality of life level is one of the important health priorities which understanding effective factors have been noticed in the recent years. This study aimed to determine the relationship between religious orientation and students’ quality of life ...
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Introduction: Improving competent and active groups’ quality of life level is one of the important health priorities which understanding effective factors have been noticed in the recent years. This study aimed to determine the relationship between religious orientation and students’ quality of life at Qom University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive – analytical study was done on 98 students at Qom University of Medical Sciences using random selection method. The survey data was collected through the religious Orientation Scale and quality of life questionnaire and then was analyzed by means of SPSS 16 software using t-test and Pearson correlation tests.
Results: The mean scores and standard deviations of religious orientation and quality of life were 194/95 ± 14/46 and 524/67 ± 47/05, respectively. There was not observed any significant relationship between religious orientation and quality of life domains of the students, statistically (p>0/05).
Conclusion: obtaining desirable the quality of life and religious orientation scores was a positive finding in this study. Lack of significant relationship between these two components indicates a need for more researches about religious practice.
Somayyeh Nayyeri; Mehdi Golafrooz; Hajar Sadeghi; Sara Amini; Laya Zarrabi; Mohammad hasan Rakhshani
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, Pages 289-299
Abstract
Background and purpose: Heart failure is a common and life-threatening situation. These patients have poor sleep quality. One of the possible ways of improving sleep qualityis based on self-care education in the nursing model, thus this study was aimed at assessing the effects of the partnership care ...
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Background and purpose: Heart failure is a common and life-threatening situation. These patients have poor sleep quality. One of the possible ways of improving sleep qualityis based on self-care education in the nursing model, thus this study was aimed at assessing the effects of the partnership care model on sleep quality among patients with heart failure.
Materials and Methods: An experimental study (randomized controlled trials) was performed on 102 patients with chronic stable heart failure among whom reffered to Vasei hospital of Sabzevar in 2014. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale was used as a criterion.Interventionand implementation of the partnership care model in one of the test groups were kept running for three months. Obtained data were analyzied based on descriptive and inferential statistical methods (chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, analysis of covariance & Multilevel Logistic Regression) with SPSS (Version 11.5) & SAS (Version 9.1) Softwares with 95% of confidence (95% CI).
Results: The results showed that there wasn't any statistical significant difference in the mean score of sleep quality between the two groups before the intervention. But after the intervention the values of mean and standard deviation of sleep quality were obtained 9.02±4.03 & 4.43±2.89, respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups in sleep scores obtained by statistical test of Mann-Whitney U (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Implementation of the partnership care model is effective in increasing the quality of sleep among patients with heart failure. Therefor the implementation of the partnership care model among patients with choronic disease is suggested.
Masoumeh Golmahi; Arefeh Poortaleb; Ehsan Saffari; Somayyeh Salehabadi; Marjan Vojdani; Arash Shirdel; Fatemeh Ehtemam
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, Pages 300-307
Abstract
Background: this is undeniable that elderly population and their health needs are on the increase in developing countries. On the other hand, living environment is a contributing factor in their health status. The aim of the study was the evaluation of elderly's health status living in nursing homes ...
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Background: this is undeniable that elderly population and their health needs are on the increase in developing countries. On the other hand, living environment is a contributing factor in their health status. The aim of the study was the evaluation of elderly's health status living in nursing homes in Sabzevar -2014.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 171 elderly people living in nursing home in Sabzevar were selected using census method. Data were gatherers by means of a questionnaire (27 questions) through interview and then analyzed by SPSS 16 and descriptive statistics.
Results: The results showed that 90/1% of elderly suffer from joint pain. 83/6% of their had sleep problems, 62% anxiety and stress, 74/8% dental conditions, 79/5% vision problems, 28/1% hearing problems, 76/9% memory impairment, 56/7% history of collapsed.also, the percentage of urinary tract problems and constipation was 52/7% and 45/7%, respectively. 79/5% of people suffered from foot problems in which 56/7% of them had dry feet.
Conclusion: Due to the increasing elderly population, as a vulnerable group, this is essential to pay attention to them spatially in terms of some common disease. This can be an effective strategy to present some health and cultural programs.
Maryam Shahbazi; Mahmoud Golzari; Ahmad Borjali
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, Pages 308-316
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Considering the decrease in biological processes and the increase in the quality and quantity of stress among elderly people, facing death is inevitable and the anxiety associated with it plays an important role in creation of mental disorders. The purpose of the following research ...
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Background and Purpose: Considering the decrease in biological processes and the increase in the quality and quantity of stress among elderly people, facing death is inevitable and the anxiety associated with it plays an important role in creation of mental disorders. The purpose of the following research is to study the effect of Healthy Life Style Training based on the World Health Model on the death anxiety among elderly people.
Materials and Methods: The population of this research includes all the elderlies in Ilam who live in nursing houses, comprehensive nursing rehabilitation centers and the national welfare organization sponsored institutions in 1392. Samples of the research include 30 of the population who were chosen through multistage random sampling. Templar's Death Anxiety questionnaires were used as an assessing tool in this research. Both groups were given pretests before the training. Then the experimental group was trained for 12 sessions, each session lasting about 45 minutes, during three months. Right away after finishing the training sessions, both groups were given post-tests. A follow-up stage was performed again 3 months later. Covariance analysis and dependent group T-test were used to analyze the data.
Results: The result regarding 3 stages by 95% of confidence confirms the efficiency of the Healthy Life Style Training on the Death Anxiety among elderly people.
Conclusion: Considering the fact that getting old is inevitable, having a healthy lifestyle and intensive care can help in case of having a more enjoyable life time with health and optimal rotation period.
Abbas Sadeghi; Zyaeldin Bonyadi
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, Pages 317-323
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Mashhad is holy city which annually welcomes more than 30 million Iranian and also more than a million pilgrims from abroad. Samen zone is the nearest place to the Holy Shrine. This zone with an area of about 337 hectare and with three healthcare centers in it is one of the ...
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Background & Objectives: Mashhad is holy city which annually welcomes more than 30 million Iranian and also more than a million pilgrims from abroad. Samen zone is the nearest place to the Holy Shrine. This zone with an area of about 337 hectare and with three healthcare centers in it is one of the important areas of Mashhad. Because of the area density, huge numbers of passengers and lack of appropriate accommodations for them, it seems that the health indices of these places to be not very good. Because there was not clear scientific status of these indicators there, this study was designed to clarify the value of health indices for accommodations places in the Samen zone in holy Mashhad in 1390.
Material & Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on the health status of all hospitality places (422 places) in Samen zone in summer 1390. To assess the health indices of the places according to Article No. 13 of Food, Drink and Cosmetics Act, a checklist was prepared about personal health, building health and equipment with 73 questions.
Results: Results showed that 15.17% of places had standards of health, 62.09% of them had criteria of building sanitation and 22 .75% of them had not satisfied conditions. The results also show that 92.2% of all workers had health card and 33.46% of them had health certificates.
Conclusion: Significant percentage of the places with poor health status pushes us to recommend a priority of providing better hygienic facilities. If it is not possible in reasonable time, the officials should prevent activities of these accommodations. By considering the number of employees of these places who had not health certified, continues education and regular inspection are useful for achieving better health conditions.
Reza Pirmand; Ashraf Heidari; Mohsen Hashemipoor; Morteza Talebi; Mehrdad Saneikhah; Seyyed Amir Shahirani Mousavi; Amirhossein Porrahmatian; Mohammad Moqiseh; Akbar Hasanzadeh
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, Pages 324-333
Abstract
Background and purpose: musculoskeletal discomfort Much of the illness and disability employment constitute in the workplace. In order to prevent disorders Need to evaluate ergonomic in the Workplace. This study aimed to the relationship musculoskeletal discomfort with Ergonomic risk factors in jobs ...
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Background and purpose: musculoskeletal discomfort Much of the illness and disability employment constitute in the workplace. In order to prevent disorders Need to evaluate ergonomic in the Workplace. This study aimed to the relationship musculoskeletal discomfort with Ergonomic risk factors in jobs Based on the method WERA on the construction project is.
Material and methods: On the this cross - sectional study, Jobs 42 workers (all workers) In the summer of 2014 in a project to build a mosque Tehran refinery martyr Tondgooyan with WERA method is evaluate. On the other hand, of Cornell questionnaires for the Assessment of musculoskeletal discomfort was used. Statistical analysis of the data collected with SPSS 16 software were performed.
Results: The average age of workers 24/7 ± 12/29, Most discomfort in the back and wrist and lowest for the lower leg and buttock. WERA Average final score equals 41/8 ± 78/38 was Which reflects the high-risk tasks For prevalence skeletal disorders is. Back trouble and wrist posture with the job Milling, drilling and other jobs is significant.
Conclusion: ergonomic desk design for milling and inactivity in sitting position, the use of damping and anti-vibration gloves along with Training the importance of the natural posture the drilling and similar tasks, Training of cargo correctly, especially with the method of Scott and Free and avoiding of abnormal posture in construction jobs can be to reduce ergonomic risk factors in the workplace Reduce musculoskeletal disorders.
Zahra Dashti; Tahereh Ramezani; Shahram Arsang; Siamak Mohebi
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, Pages 334-341
Abstract
Objective and background: Puberty problems and the ways dealing with them are very important and girls’ health status in puberty is even more vital. Therefore, besides passing this sensitive puberty period, they have a special condition in terms of their expected role related to their gender in society. ...
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Objective and background: Puberty problems and the ways dealing with them are very important and girls’ health status in puberty is even more vital. Therefore, besides passing this sensitive puberty period, they have a special condition in terms of their expected role related to their gender in society. So the role of this group has always been considered by researchers. This study aimed to determine general health status of female students during their puberty period and its relevant factors in Qom in 2012.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was conducted among female guidance school students in Qom in 2012. Study sample consisted of 191 girls who were chosen according to multistage cluster sampling methods from Qom girls’ schools. The study data was collected by means of Demographic questionnaire and GHQ-28 standard questionnaire. Eventually the data was analyzed by SPSS software in lower than 0.05 significance according to descriptive and analytic tests including Chi-2 and Fisher's exact test.
Results: In this study 69.9% of the students were junior students and 30.4%were in the second year (middle year) of guidance school. 31.4% of these students’ mothers had high school degrees and 8.9% of them were illiterate. 41.6% of the fathers had university degrees and 2.1% were illiterate. 85.9% of the mothers were housewives and 13.1% were employed. Students’ General Health Status mean and standard deviation were 26.87±14.72 respectively. The results demonstrated that 48.2% of students had a normal health status, 31.4% had a minor inconvenience, 18.3% had an average inconvenience, and 2.1% had a serious inconvenience.
Conclusion: Eventually the current study demonstrated that according to General Health ranking, the health grades of studied students were in minor inconvenience range and unfortunately the studied students were not in normal general health status.
Zahra Moradpor; Ghasem Khakbaz; Ghasem Hesam
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, Pages 342-349
Abstract
Background and purpose: The use of local ventilation system is one of methods to collect and control of air pollutants in the cramp unit of industrial poultry slaughterhouse and its subsequent is reduction of the effects of air pollutants on human health. The purpose of this study is to survey the effect ...
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Background and purpose: The use of local ventilation system is one of methods to collect and control of air pollutants in the cramp unit of industrial poultry slaughterhouse and its subsequent is reduction of the effects of air pollutants on human health. The purpose of this study is to survey the effect of design and proper implementation of local ventilation system and the refiner on the control of dust in industrial slaughterhouse poultry.
Materials and methods: This study was conducted in three steps; evaluation of particulate air pollutants before design, design and implementation of local ventilation system and evaluation of local ventilation system. Sampling of respiratory and inhalational particles was done with the use of nylon cyclone and PVC filter according to the NIOSH 0600 method. Then, local ventilation system was designed and implemented according to velocity pressure procedure of the Committee of Industrial Ventilation America. Finally, the efficiency of local ventilation system and the refiner used were evaluated.
Results: The concentration of dust in a ventilation off system for respirable and inhalable particles, was obtained 13/07 and 1/18 mg/m3, respectively. Previous inefficient efficiency to remove respirable and inhalable particles was about 14 and 18 percent, respectively, which design and implementation of local ventilation systems increased the efficiency to more than 83 and 92 percent. Also, the efficiency of used refiner has been 58/26 and 27/52 percent for respirable and inhalable particles.
Conclusion: Findings of the study showed that design and proper implementation of local ventilation systems can have a great effect on reduction of particles in cramp unit. Also, use of the sedimentation chamber refiner has relatively good efficiency for the control of respiratory particles.
Farzaneh Montazeri; Mansour Karaji Bani; Maryam Esmaeili
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, Pages 350-358
Abstract
Background and purpose: Dental caries is one of the most common infectious diseases dependingon nutrition. The aim of this studywas to investigate the relationship between the food intakes, obesity and dental caries among 6-11 years old children,referred to the pediatric clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry, ...
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Background and purpose: Dental caries is one of the most common infectious diseases dependingon nutrition. The aim of this studywas to investigate the relationship between the food intakes, obesity and dental caries among 6-11 years old children,referred to the pediatric clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry, Zahedan.
Materials and methods: This descriptive-analyticalstudy was performed on 79 children aged6-11 year-old. Dental caries was determined using DMFT. The body mass index (BMI) was usedto evaluate obesity and also asemi-quantitativefood frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was usedto assessfood intakes.
Results: The results showed that the prevalence of caries (≥4) amongoverweight and obese children was significantly more than other children(P>0.05 ).The results of food frequency showed that all childrenexcept those receivedmilk and dairyproducts, received fruits and vegetables from other food groups.There was a significant negative correlation between dental caries with mean consumption of milk and dairy products and fruits and vegetables,and a significant positive correlation with BMI and frequency of sweets consumption.
Conclusion:In the present study, obesity, cariogenic snacks, reducing the consumption of dairy products, fruits and vegetables have been proposed as risk factors for dental caries among children.Considering the importance of teeth in public health of children, education of parents and children regarding a balanced diet is essential.