Volume 21, Issue 1 , March and April 2015, , Pages 43-52
Abstract
Background and Objective: Reconceptualization is a kind of critical thinking on education. By the same critics’ point of view, we investigated to examine the school concept with the role of school in mental health of the students..
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted through analytic-reviewing ...
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Background and Objective: Reconceptualization is a kind of critical thinking on education. By the same critics’ point of view, we investigated to examine the school concept with the role of school in mental health of the students..
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted through analytic-reviewing method that first forthe school concept from Reconceptualist viewpoint, books and other existing electronic sources were studied. ,subsequently, they were analyzed through analytic method as long as were in relationship with mental health of the students.
Results: Findings show that individuals with mental health, have traits such as self-developed character, ability to interact with others, creativity, active participation in life and ability to run their own life. while from Reconceptualist point of view, the sense of self, beauty, friendship and wonder have been lost in the labyrinth of tedious, repetitive, cliché assignments of the schools and the individual is defined based on the success and failure (pass /fail) like a statistical factor. It must be considered that motivations, interests, attitudes and experience of the students are necessary for promotion of mental health.
Conclusion: The results indicate that -according to Reconceptualists- sometimes the educational atmosphere of the schools and universities not only do not promote mental health but also it is a threat for it, because they apply inappropriate approaches, contents and misconduct which ultimately result in anxiety, nervousness and mental stress.
M JALALI; MR NIKRAVESH
Volume 14, Issue 1 , March and April 2007, , Pages 44-52
Abstract
Background and Purpose: At least two different elements can be detected in the structure of mature intervertebral disc. The central portion contains nucleus pulpous. Its few cells being embedded in gel form material. The outer protein, however, is called annulus fibroses, composed of concentric layers ...
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Background and Purpose: At least two different elements can be detected in the structure of mature intervertebral disc. The central portion contains nucleus pulpous. Its few cells being embedded in gel form material. The outer protein, however, is called annulus fibroses, composed of concentric layers of intertwined annulus bands. Although the major anatomical structures of intervertebral disc are well known, there are little information on the development of its components such as cell type and extracellul matrix. Therefore, this study was conducted to study the histological changes in the development of intervertebral disc in mouse.
Methods and Materials: In this study, collagen fiber appearance and cellular differentiation were studied using serial section and histological staining methods in the course of intervertebral disc development in mouse embryo.
Results: The findings indicated that from the 12th day of gestation, the notochord starts getting separated from the floor plate of neural tube. Gradually on the next days, as mesenchyme cells get condensed around, patterns of intervertebral disc differentiation can be observed, leading to disc development toward the end of gestation. Throughout this process, the notochord degenerates. Theses changes start from the middle portion of notochord and proceeds towards head and tail. Then vertebral bodies are forward in portions with degenerated notochord changes.
Conclusion: During the development changes of intervertebral disc, remnants of notochord form nucleus pulpous in the intervertebral disc. However, the mesenchyme surrounding it (forthcoming annulus fibrosus) consist of structurally dissimilar regions. Under these circumstances, the outer portion is made up of highly-densed collagen material but in the inner portion, remnants of embryonic hyaline cartilage and collagen fibers can be detected.
SM WAFAIE
Volume 12, Issue 1 , March and April 2005, , Pages 44-49
Abstract
Background and purpose: This study is intended to survey the relationship between low birth weight infant in village of Neishabour in 2004 and some relevant factors.
Methods and Materials: This applied descriptive research is conducted on 90 low birth weight infants (cases) and 90 normal infants (control). ...
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Background and purpose: This study is intended to survey the relationship between low birth weight infant in village of Neishabour in 2004 and some relevant factors.
Methods and Materials: This applied descriptive research is conducted on 90 low birth weight infants (cases) and 90 normal infants (control). Variables such as weight of infants, maternal height, blood pressure, anemia, urinary infection, the interval between births, history of low birth weight, number of children, period of maternal care, maternal education, date of delivery, infant's sex, twin in recent delivery, hemorrhage in pregnancy and growth percentage.
Results: In this study mean maternal age in case and control groups was 25 years. Mean infant's weight in the case group was 2117 gr. and control 3293 gr. Growth percentage in the case group was between 3-25 percent and control 25-50 percent.
Discussion: There was a significant relationship between infant's weight, number of children before this birth, infant's sex, history of twins between the two groups.
Masood Homayoni Tabrizi; Ahmad Asoodeh; Hoda Shabestarian
Volume 22, Issue 1 , March and April 2015, , Pages 45-56
Abstract
Background & objective: Due to the side effects of synthetic antioxidants, bioactive agents derived from natural sources are of great importance. The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize an antioxidant peptide derived from enzymatic hydrolysis of β-casein in camel milk, using ...
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Background & objective: Due to the side effects of synthetic antioxidants, bioactive agents derived from natural sources are of great importance. The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize an antioxidant peptide derived from enzymatic hydrolysis of β-casein in camel milk, using pepsin and pancreatin. Materials and Methods: Enzymatic hydrolysis of camel milk had accomplished using pepsin and pancreatin. The hydrolysate was fractioned using RP-HPLC and the peptide of interest was identified with MALD-TOF/TOF technique. Antioxidant activity of isolated peptide was measured by the use of radical scavenging DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl and superoxide and inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation. Results: The results of sequencing showed that a purified peptide, called RQ-8, has the sequence of RGLHPVPQ with molecular weight of 903.41 Da. This peptide inhibited oxidation of linoleic acid and also had scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (IC50=0.046 mg/ml), 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazo-line-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) (IC50 = 0.085 mg/ml), superoxide (O2·-) (IC50 = 0.156 mg/ml) and hydroxyl (OH ·-) (IC50 = 0.021 mg/ml) radicals. In addition, cellular activity assays showed that the RQ-8 peptide had no toxicity on A549 lung cancer cell line. Conclusion: Results indicated that the peptide RQ-8 isolated from camel milk β-casein protein has a strong antioxidant activity.
M MALVANDI; M NADERINASAB; S SOROUSH
Volume 15, Issue 1 , March and April 2008, , Pages 46-51
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Gnorrhoeae is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases in the developing and developed countries. This bacterium has gained some resistance against several antibiotics used as promary medication in the past decade; therefore the use of ciprofloxacin has been recommended. ...
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Background and Purpose: Gnorrhoeae is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases in the developing and developed countries. This bacterium has gained some resistance against several antibiotics used as promary medication in the past decade; therefore the use of ciprofloxacin has been recommended. On the basis of reportsd on the reducation of this bacterium to ciprofloxacin this study in conducted to determine its sensitivity.
Methods and Materials: This deh1ive research was conducted on the population of patients admitted to medical laboratories in Mashad Iran who were suspicious of having Neisseria Gnorrhoeae. They were selected by convenient sampling. 1348 cases with urethral discharge were examined from 2003 to 2004; two swaps were taken for smear and culture. After colony growth and the identification of the Neisseria Gnorrhoeae antibiogram was performed via disc diffusion with penicilin tetracyclin erythromycin and ciprofloxacin discs. Then the minimal inhibitory concentration was deetermined for ciprofloxacin.
Results: 71 cases of Neisseria Gnorrhoeae were identified of which 16.9% were sensitive to penicilin 25.3% to tetracyclin 67.6% to erythromycin and 70.3% to ciprofloxacin. 6 cases were resistant to ciprofloxacin and their MIC ranged from 1 to 16mgr/ml.
Conclusion: Since ciprofloxacin is currently the primary treatment for Neisseria Gnorrhoeae it seems that with the increased resistance obsered in the present study ciprofloxacin can no longer be considered as the preferred antibiotic against Neisseria Gnorrhoeae. Therefore self treatment without medical preh1ion is strongly prohibited.
S POURAHMADI; M JAFARZADEH
Volume 13, Issue 1 , March and April 2006, , Pages 46-50
Abstract
Background and purpose: Diarrhea diseases are major causes of morbidity, with attack rates ranging from 2 to 12 cases illnesses per person per year in both developed and developing countries. In addition, diarrhea illnesses account for an estimated 12, 600 deaths each day in children in Asia, Africa ...
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Background and purpose: Diarrhea diseases are major causes of morbidity, with attack rates ranging from 2 to 12 cases illnesses per person per year in both developed and developing countries. In addition, diarrhea illnesses account for an estimated 12, 600 deaths each day in children in Asia, Africa and Latin America. This study is therefore intended to study factors affecting, diarrhea diseases in children.
Methods and Materials: Age, sex, kind of feeding, weight, kind of acute diarrhea and knowledge of patients' mothers in 222 Children with an admission diagnosis of diarrhea admitted to Emam Reza and Dr Shaikh Hospitals in Mashad were studied in 2004 summer.
Results: There was no correlation between diarrhea and sex (56.5% boys and 40.5% girls). There were a good correlation between bottle feeding, weight under 3rd percentile (P=0.001), knowledge of patients` mothers and diarrhea (p=0.001). There was a good correlation between age and kind of diarrhea (inflammatory and non-inflammatory) too.
Conclusion: Bottle feeding, underweight and low knowledge of patients` mothers are the most common predisposing factors in diarrheal diseases of children.
R OLAMAEI; AR AKHAWAYN; AH BAGHERI; M KHOSRAVI; A KHOSRAVI
Volume 11, Issue 4 , January and February 2005, , Pages 46-53
Abstract
Purpose: Early diagnosis of coronary arterial disease (CAD) plays an important part in reducing the complications, non-invasive tests, exercise test and myocardial perfusion imaging in particular. This study is intended to compare the results of these two procedures as well as to evaluate the distribution ...
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Purpose: Early diagnosis of coronary arterial disease (CAD) plays an important part in reducing the complications, non-invasive tests, exercise test and myocardial perfusion imaging in particular. This study is intended to compare the results of these two procedures as well as to evaluate the distribution of coronary risk factors in various patients groups.
Methods and Material: MPI and exercise test were conducted for 167 patients who referred to the nuclear medicine clinic at Imam Hossein Hospital in Shahroud, Iran. Information on coronary risk factors were collected.
Results: The mean age for men and women were 49.8 and 49.1 years respectively MPI in 52.7% were noted. Hypertension was more frequent in female, while smoking was more frequent in males, with no otherwise remarkable difference for other coronary risk factors. Hypertension and familial history of IHD were higher in the abnormal MPI group. Than the normal group. Abnormal exercise test results were associated with abnormal MPI in 74.5%. However, normal exercise test results were accompanied with abnormal MPI in 43.1 %.
Conclusion: The overall sensitivity and specificity of exercise test were 43% and 82.7% respectively. Sensitivity was higher in men while specificity was slightly higher in females.
Z ESTAJI; L NAJAR; SR MAZLOOM; S EBRHIMZADEH
Volume 11, Issue 3 , September and October 2004, , Pages 46-52
Abstract
Muscular injections are one of the most common medical procedures and nurses encounter the experience of pain in their patients and look for ways of reducing pain. This quasi-experimental research was conducted to study the effects of Z-track and air-lock injection methods on the intensity of pain. 585 ...
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Muscular injections are one of the most common medical procedures and nurses encounter the experience of pain in their patients and look for ways of reducing pain. This quasi-experimental research was conducted to study the effects of Z-track and air-lock injection methods on the intensity of pain. 585 women referring to Heshmatiyyah Clinic in Sabzevar, Iran for either of three injections (Penicillin, B-complex, Diclophenac) were randomly assigned into three groups of 195 members; in each group, 65 patients received Ztrack 65 air-lock and the last 65 routine methods of injection in lateral position. Visual scale was utilized for pain assessment. Findings revealed that in Z-track group, intensity of pain was 3.1; while it was 4.1 and 4.5 in air-lock and routine injection groups; the difference was found to be significant by one -way ANOVA. Severe pain was experienced by 4.1% in Ztrack group, 7.7% in air-lock and 14.4% in the routine injection methods; Chi-squre revealed a significant relationship between pain intensity and injection method (P<0.0001). However, no significant relationship was found to exist between intensity of pain and factors such as age, occupation, education, and BMI. Therefore, it is suggested that we make use of Z-track injection for the ease of patients.
Mohsen Koushan; Mohammad Seyedahmadi; Fahimeh Keavanloo
Volume 18, Issue 1 , March and April 2011, , Pages 47-54
Abstract
Background and Purpose: The emotional intelligence (EQ) includes understanding and control of emotions. The purpose of the present study was investigating the relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership styles (transformation and transaction) in the coaches of sports teams of Region 9 ...
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Background and Purpose: The emotional intelligence (EQ) includes understanding and control of emotions. The purpose of the present study was investigating the relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership styles (transformation and transaction) in the coaches of sports teams of Region 9 of the Islamic Azad University.
Methods and Materials: This study is a cross-sectional descriptive analytical research. The study population included male coaches of the sports teams of the Islamic Azad University Region 9، from among who 240 participants were randomly selected. Data collection was done through emotional intelligence questionnaire (Shoot، validity 0.84)، leadership style questionnaire (Varner Bourk، validity 0.79) and a demographic questionnaire. The obtained data were statistically analyzed in SPSS 13 using descriptive statistics (frequency، mean and standard deviation) and Pearson Correlation coefficient.
Results: Mean emotional intelligence of the participants was 116.25±20.21; mean transformation and transaction leadership styles scores were 50.60±5.41 and 24.42±5.41، respectively. There was a positive significant correlation between emotional intelligence and transformation leadership style (p=0.001، r=0.404). Also، there was a significant negative correlation between emotional intelligence and transactional leadership style (p=0.001، r=-0.404). Investigating the effect of age، experience and educational major on the relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership style showed that older age and experience of the coach highlights this relationship (r=0.475، p=0.000). However، this correlation was significant only in coaches with non-physical-training education (p=0.000، r=0.559).
Conclusion: According to the results، it can be stated the higher the emotional intelligence in coaches، the stronger their willingness to transformation leadership style will be.
AR MODARESI
Volume 12, Issue 3 , September and October 2005, , Pages 47-51
Abstract
Background: High levels of Serum ferritin are not usual in patients without iron overload. Such condition can be seen in patients with cancer, liver disease or infections, and also can be one of the presentations of a syndrome. In all these condition iron overload cannot be detected and high levels of ...
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Background: High levels of Serum ferritin are not usual in patients without iron overload. Such condition can be seen in patients with cancer, liver disease or infections, and also can be one of the presentations of a syndrome. In all these condition iron overload cannot be detected and high levels of ferritin dose not mean the lack of iron depletion or iron defiiency anemia and are exclusively related to inflammation.
Case Report: In this article, a patient is introduced without any history of multiple transfusion and iron overload, with high levels serum ferritin during the process of an infection disease, while she had a moderate iron deficiency anemia.
Conclusion: According to underlying disease and serum ferritin levels in the patient and review of related articles seems that serum ferritin like the CBC, CRP and ESR can act as acute phase reactant so it increase at severity phase of infection and decreased with treatment of it.
Reza Forozan; Masoomeh Hashemiyan; Roghayeh Javan; Arash Akaberi
Volume 17, Issue 1 , March and April 2010, , Pages 48-53
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Using levonorgestrel tablet is one of EC methods that could be effective until 72 hours after sexual intercourse. Therefore, the present study was intended to investigate the women’s awareness about correct use and side-effects of this tablet. Methods and Materials: In this ...
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Background and Purpose: Using levonorgestrel tablet is one of EC methods that could be effective until 72 hours after sexual intercourse. Therefore, the present study was intended to investigate the women’s awareness about correct use and side-effects of this tablet. Methods and Materials: In this descriptive analytical study, women referring to heath centers of Sabzevar were selected through cluster sampling. Data were collected through a questionnaire including specific demographic characteristics and the participants’ awareness about correct using and side effects of levonorgestrel tablet. The reliability of the questionnaire was checked with cronbach alpha (=α0.716), and its validity was controlled by expert. The sample size was 396 persons. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using descriptive and analytical statistics (independent t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient). Results: Among women studied, 29.8% had used the tablet, and the average score of awareness in correct using of tablet on the basis of 100 was 46.1 34.5, while the average score of knowing the tablet's side effects on the basis of 100 was only 22.39 28.92. A negative correlation was found between the correct using score and age (p=0.029, r=-0.11). Conclusion: The findings revealed that the average awareness score of correct using and side-effects of the tablet are low.
A MOHAMMADZADEH; M HORI
Volume 12, Issue 4 , January and February 2006, , Pages 48-52
Abstract
Background and purpose: Syndrom of Ellis-Van-Creveld is a tetrad of chondrodysplasia, ectodermal dysplasia, polyductyly, and congenital heart disease, of which chondrodysthrophy of the tubular bones is the most common feature, while central nervous system (CNS) and urinary tract anomalies are some of ...
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Background and purpose: Syndrom of Ellis-Van-Creveld is a tetrad of chondrodysplasia, ectodermal dysplasia, polyductyly, and congenital heart disease, of which chondrodysthrophy of the tubular bones is the most common feature, while central nervous system (CNS) and urinary tract anomalies are some of its rarer associations. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical presentation of this rare autosomal recessive syndrome.
Case report: Five cases reffered to Imam Reza hospital in Mashad for two years from 2002 to 2003. They were Iranian originally. First two cases, and 4 and 5, were sisters who presented all four classic features of EVC. Case 3 presented two features of this syndrome. The yougest was newborn and the oldest one was 11.5 years old.
Conclusion: We observed five cases of this syndrom during two years. This syndrome has no treatment. Respecting relative marriage culture between iranians, it is important for prevention of this syndrome by avioding kingsman marriage.
K MIRZAKHANI; N JAHANI SHOORAB; M HASAN ZADEH
Volume 12, Issue 2 , July and August 2005, , Pages 48-54
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Cesarean Section (CS) is a Common obstetric procedure and hence, a lowrisk, appropriate and cost-effective anesthetic method is of importance for both mother and neonate. As almost all cesarean sections in the two hospitals of Torbate Heidarryyeh are performed under general anesthesia ...
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Background and Purpose: Cesarean Section (CS) is a Common obstetric procedure and hence, a lowrisk, appropriate and cost-effective anesthetic method is of importance for both mother and neonate. As almost all cesarean sections in the two hospitals of Torbate Heidarryyeh are performed under general anesthesia due to concern about the complications of Spinal anesthesia, the side effects of the two methods are studied in this research.
Methods and Materials: 37 pregnant gravid 1-2 women of 18-30 years old with signal-fetus pregnancy and no other complication who experienced Spinal cesarean section were compared with.52 women who experienced cesarean section under general anesthesia. The side effects of each method were recorded for 24 hours after the surgery.
Results: Mean first-minute Apgar in Spinal Cesarean and ceosarean section by general anesthesia were 8.8±0.3 and 8.3±0.7 respectively which means a statistically significant difference. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significant. Perfect satisfaction in the Spinal subjects was 64.9% and, in the other group was 5.8%.
Conclusion: High satisfaction rate, the subject's cooperation in controlling the uterus and prevention of atony, good cooperation in lactation, low headache recurrence in 2.7% of the cases, and low cost are the advantages of the spinal anesthesia and therefore it is recommended for cesarean section Candidates.
Zahra Estaji; Hamideh Yazdimoghaddam; Abbas Heydari
Volume 16, Issue 1 , March and April 2009, , Pages 50-56
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Nurses are the biggest service providers in the health system and are expected to enjoy a satisfactory quality of life in order to provide satisfactory health care to the clients. The present study was conducted to determine the quality of life of nurses in Sabzevar hospitals. ...
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Background and Purpose: Nurses are the biggest service providers in the health system and are expected to enjoy a satisfactory quality of life in order to provide satisfactory health care to the clients. The present study was conducted to determine the quality of life of nurses in Sabzevar hospitals. Methods and Materials: This cross sectional deh1ive and analytical study involved 69 nurses selected through non-random sampling employed at 3 hospitals in Sabzevar Iran. Relevant data were collected through the administration of SF36 questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using t-test ANOVA and correlation. Results: Minimum and maximum scores of physical dimension were 1050 and 2200 respectively (mean being 1720±270); in the mental aspect minimum and maximum were 475 and 1400 (mean being 1065±24). The least mean of life quality was obtained from nurses in the dialysis ward (2471±450) and the highest from nurses in ICU (290±197). Conclusion: The quality of life score in mental aspect was lower than the physical aspect; and the majority specified an average quality of life.
M ZARDAST; Z AZARKAR
Volume 12, Issue 1 , March and April 2005, , Pages 50-54
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Clinical appearance of tuberculosis is very variable and it may be presented with any form. Tuberculosis, in Iran, is a very common disease and it is differential diagnosis of many diseases. Mammary Tuberculosis is a rare site of extrapulmonary TB. It may be primary or secondary.
The ...
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Background and Purpose: Clinical appearance of tuberculosis is very variable and it may be presented with any form. Tuberculosis, in Iran, is a very common disease and it is differential diagnosis of many diseases. Mammary Tuberculosis is a rare site of extrapulmonary TB. It may be primary or secondary.
The patient: A 42-year- old woman, presented with breast swelling, pain and Skin ulcer of one month earlier was treated with surgery and antibiotic therapy for breast abscess without success.
Methods: When she presented, she complained of erythema and discharge of med. Lateral of breast. Para-clinic tests and Chest-X-Ray was normal. All nectotic tissue was removed and biopsy was done. Pathology provided the diagnosis of Tuberculosis. An anti-Tuberculosis regimen was prescribed for 6 months.
Conclusion: Tuberculosis is rarely localized in the breast. The main differential diagnosis is breast cancer. Pathology examination is required for diagnosis. Successful treatment is a combination of antituberculous drug therapy with the removal of infected breast tissue.
N POURSINA; P KAFAII
Volume 13, Issue 1 , March and April 2006, , Pages 51-54
Abstract
Background and purpose: pamphigus vulgaris is one of the blistering auto immune diseases which is common in Iran. This disease is charactaized with the formation of auto-antibodies against one of the components adjoining epidermal cells.called Desmoglin-3. Although the first widely recognized line of ...
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Background and purpose: pamphigus vulgaris is one of the blistering auto immune diseases which is common in Iran. This disease is charactaized with the formation of auto-antibodies against one of the components adjoining epidermal cells.called Desmoglin-3. Although the first widely recognized line of treatment in such cases is the oral administration of corticosteroids, in many cases, other immuno-suppressive medications are used as supplementary treatments due to the undesirable side effects and insufficient positive results of previous treatments. One of the recent immuno suppressive drugs is my cophenolat mophetil. This article is intended to report ten such cases.
Patients: Ten patieuts with pamphigus vulgaris are reported,who had not obtained satisfactory results from other common clinical treatments. They were placed under treatment with preduisolone plus mycophenolat mophetil. In almost all cases. The healing process began within 3-4 weeks; aften 8-10 weeks, the disease was completely controlled.
Conclusion: Because of satisfactoly results and low rate of complications, mycophenolat mophetil can be considered an appropriate treatment for pamphigus vulgaris cases with liver and kidney complications, who are resistant to common immunosuppressive treatments.
RA KHAMIR CHI; M HASHEMIAN
Volume 11, Issue 4 , January and February 2005, , Pages 51-55
Abstract
Purpose: Brucellosis, a common disease of man and animal, is a rather prevalent disease. It is an uncontrolled disease in most developing countries, and of considerable prevalence in Iran, Khorassan and Sabzevar alike. This study is therefore designed to study the prevalence of brucellosis and factors ...
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Purpose: Brucellosis, a common disease of man and animal, is a rather prevalent disease. It is an uncontrolled disease in most developing countries, and of considerable prevalence in Iran, Khorassan and Sabzevar alike. This study is therefore designed to study the prevalence of brucellosis and factors affecting it in the rural population of Sabzevar.
Methods and Material: A number of villages proportionately sampled by cluster sampling. Subjects were selected through stratified sampling considering all age groups and both sexes. Total sample was 504.
Results: 84 subjects were found to be positive in laboratory tests, of which 45 cases were 1.40 right titration, 21 cases with 108, 9 cases with 1.16, 4 cases with 1064,4 cases with 1.32 and one case with 1.128.
Conclusion: Due to the high contamination rate and its economical consequences of this disease on the individual and the society in general, we can take steps to prevent its prevalence by implementing training programs.
Maryam Ghaffari; Kazem Nadafi; Seyyed Gholamreza Mosavi; Mostafa Lieli
Volume 20, Issue 1 , March and April 2013, , Pages 51-61
Abstract
Background: Furfural is a toxic chemical, so, to avoid its effects on humans and the environment, furfural-containing wastewater must be treated with an appropriate method prior to dispose in the environment. In this study, advanced oxidation methods based on ozone was used to removal of various concentrations ...
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Background: Furfural is a toxic chemical, so, to avoid its effects on humans and the environment, furfural-containing wastewater must be treated with an appropriate method prior to dispose in the environment. In this study, advanced oxidation methods based on ozone was used to removal of various concentrations of furfural in laboratory scale.
Materials and Methods: This study is an applied research and the required samples was taken in desired times. The effects of single ozonation process (SOP), catalytic ozonation process (COP), and single adsorption on activated carbon (SAP) on furfural removal efficiency in different conditions were studied. Results: In this study, the influence of some important parameters such as pH, activated carbon dosage and reaction time on the efficiency of SOP, SAP and COP was studied. In the case of pH, the results showed that the efficiency of all three processes in very acidic and very alkaline conditions were higher than the other pH. By increasing activated carbon dosages, the removal efficiency was also increased. Finally, the removal efficiency for the processes studied, increased by increasing reaction time. Conclusion: The higher removal efficiency of furfural in acidic conditions can be due to direct and catalytic oxidation of furfural by ozone. Higher efficiency in the alkaline pH may be due to indirect oxidation because of hydroxyl radicals generation. About the effect of reaction time, the removal efficiency of COP indicates that there was a synergistic effect in catalytic ozonation processes. The increase of reaction surfaces available for ozone-activated carbon-furfural reactions could be the reason of increased efficiency with increasing dosages of activated carbon
F GHIASI; A AKBARI
Volume 15, Issue 1 , March and April 2008, , Pages 52-58
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Sacroiliac joints are the link between the spinal column lower limb and pelvis. Any disfunctioning in the musculoskeletal structure or in the lower limb can cause sacroiliac tension leading finally to its curving. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between ...
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Background and Purpose: Sacroiliac joints are the link between the spinal column lower limb and pelvis. Any disfunctioning in the musculoskeletal structure or in the lower limb can cause sacroiliac tension leading finally to its curving. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the flat foot and the hamstring flexibility with the sacroiliac joint mobility.
Methods and Materials: This deh1ive analytical study was conducted on the students of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences Iran throughout 2003-2005 and 700 students were selected through census sampling and examined. Medial longitudinal arch hamstring lemgthening and sacroiliac joint mobility were evaluated using Feis’s line SLR Laseque prone knee flexion and long sitting flexion. The study data were analyzed using chi-square and Fisher’s exact test.
Results: In this study 150 flat foot 153 nrmal foot 100 hamstring shortening and 100 normal hamstring were observed. 49.3% of the cases with flat foot (74 cases) had sacroiliac joint dysfunctiong. However normal foot together with scroiliac joint dysfunction was seen only in 58 cases (37.9%) (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Sacroiliac joint dysfunction is found in subjects with flat foot more than the normal ones. However this type of dysfunctioning is not caused by the hamstring tightening.
Tahmineh Peirouvi; Amir Haidary; Mostafa Solati; Daryosh Mohammadnejad; Akbar Gharbali; Gholmhossein Farjah
Volume 19, Issue 1 , March and April 2012, , Pages 52-58
Abstract
Background: The epididymis is a tubule that processes the maturation, storage, and transfer of sperm. Growth and maintenance of epididymal structures depend on testosterone release, which is directly controlled by pituitary gonadotropins. Furthermore, gonadotropins are controlled by hypothalamic releasing ...
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Background: The epididymis is a tubule that processes the maturation, storage, and transfer of sperm. Growth and maintenance of epididymal structures depend on testosterone release, which is directly controlled by pituitary gonadotropins. Furthermore, gonadotropins are controlled by hypothalamic releasing hormones. Using gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs can stop the pituitary-gonadal axis. This study aimed at determining the effect of a GnRH agonist (buserelin) on prepubertal rat epididymal tissue.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental, 20 rats on the 25th day after birth, provided by the Department animal house, were divided into 4 groups. The first and second study groups received 0.1 mg/kg GnRH agonist for 5 days and were dissected on the 30th and 35th day after birth, respectively. Animals in the control group received physiologic serum 0.1 mg/ml for 5 days and were dissected like the study groups. Measurements were performed using a calibrated microscope.
Results: The findings reveal a significant increase in epithelial height and lumen diameter in the first and second study groups as compared with the first control group (p ≤ 0.05). In comparison between the second study group and the second control group, only epithelial height, but not lumen diameter, showed a significant increase. Also, there was no significant difference in muscular thickness between the study and control groups.
Conclusion: This study shows that short-term administration of GnRH increases epithelium growth and lumen diameter, but not muscle thickness, in epididymis.
SH ZONOUZI; S BEHROUZIFAR; H ESMAEILI; MH NEZAFATI
Volume 14, Issue 1 , March and April 2007, , Pages 53-61
Abstract
Background and purpose: Rest and sleep have restorative protective roles In the restoration of our mental and physical Iran abilities which are two important dimensions in the quality of life.
Non-rapid eye movement sleep is important in protecting the cardiac function in CABG patients, who return to ...
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Background and purpose: Rest and sleep have restorative protective roles In the restoration of our mental and physical Iran abilities which are two important dimensions in the quality of life.
Non-rapid eye movement sleep is important in protecting the cardiac function in CABG patients, who return to normal life after 8-12 weeks while sleep disorders prevail for one year after surgery. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between sleep patterns and the quality of life in CABG patients.
Methods and Materials: This longitudinal, descriptive and correlational study was conducted on 91 patients admitted to Imam Reza Hospital in Mashad, Iran in 2005 (1384). Subjects were selected in three phases: 24 hours before surgery, as well as 6 and 10 weeks after surgery. Interview checklists were used for data collection. Three scales were used to measure sleep patterns: Pittsburgh sleep quality index, Epworth sleepiness scale and sleep log. Quality of life was measured with 36 short forms.
The first two interviews were done at the hospital clinic and the last via telephone. Relevant data were analyzed in SPSS using student Hest and Pearson correlation coefficient.
Results: Mean score of nocturnal sleep quality and efficiency in all three stages were undesirable. Also, mean score of sleepiness in all three stages were normal and mean score of quality of life was in the mid one-third of 0-100 scale. No significant differences were found between on-pump and off pump groups in their sleep patterns and quality of life. In all three stages, sleep quality positively and significantly correlated with quality of life (p
AR MODARESI; F GHANEH SHERBAF
Volume 12, Issue 4 , January and February 2006, , Pages 53-56
Abstract
Background and purpose: Congenital Lymphedema is a kind of primary Lymphedema caused by on abnormality in the Lymphatic system and causes the Lymph accumulation in the interstitial space. It usually appears within the first two gears of life with mild to severe swelling in one organ together with lethal ...
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Background and purpose: Congenital Lymphedema is a kind of primary Lymphedema caused by on abnormality in the Lymphatic system and causes the Lymph accumulation in the interstitial space. It usually appears within the first two gears of life with mild to severe swelling in one organ together with lethal complications and disseminated as it may be misdiagnosed with acquired edematous diseases particularly in infancy, this, case report is intended to present the disease with clinical indices and paraclinical evaluation.
Case report: A fourteen–month-old patient suffering from congenital Lymphedema is reported here who had been referred to Dr.sheik Hospital in Mashad, Iran as nephritic syndrome. The case was treated after congenital Lymphedema diagnosis was established.
Conclusion: Congenital Lymphedema is often mistaken with acquired edematous diseases and particularly in infancy with nephritic syndrome. There fore, the knowledge of clinical indices and paraclinical evaluation are necessary for perfect diagnosis.
B AFKARI; SH IRANFAR; S HEIDARPOOR; K Esmaili
Volume 11, Issue 3 , September and October 2004, , Pages 53-58
Abstract
According to the national policies of health and population, depo- medroxy progestrone acetate (DMPA) injection is provided for women for family planning purposes. This study was conducted on 374 women using this Contra caption method in Kermanshah; the subjects had used it at least for two six-month ...
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According to the national policies of health and population, depo- medroxy progestrone acetate (DMPA) injection is provided for women for family planning purposes. This study was conducted on 374 women using this Contra caption method in Kermanshah; the subjects had used it at least for two six-month periods and had files in health centers. Questionnaires were utilized to collect relevant data on menstrual disorders, nervousness, weight gain, headache, vertigo and so on. The findings revealed that the most common complications were menstrual disorders (86.1%), nervousness being the second most common (25.4%); weight gain was another complication common to the subjects (22.2%). The most Common complication among menstrual disorders were absolute amenorrhea (53.2%) and spotting (26.7%). In general, the most common complications of DMPA injection involved menstrual disorders, nervousness, weight gain and the most common disorder among the former. were absolute amenorrhea and spotting , which were the main reason to abandon the method by the subjects. Therefore it is suggested that this method be utilized with counseling and proper selection of the clients and appropriate training about its complications.
MohammadHasan Rakhshani; Javad Mahdavinasab; Khadijeh Mohammadi; Mostafa Abbasi; Hasan Ravansalar; Akbar Pejhan; Javad Hadadnia; Rahim Golmohammadi
Volume 21, Issue 1 , March and April 2015, , Pages 53-60
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two types of quran voice , Majlisi or Tartil on IgA, IgM, IgG, C3, C4 and White Blood Cell count.
Methods and Materials: this study was conducted on 60 volunteer students in sabzevar university of Medical sciences. Subjects were divided ...
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Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two types of quran voice , Majlisi or Tartil on IgA, IgM, IgG, C3, C4 and White Blood Cell count.
Methods and Materials: this study was conducted on 60 volunteer students in sabzevar university of Medical sciences. Subjects were divided randomly into 2 groups. In the first group, participants heard to Majlisi voice and in the second group, subjects heard to Tartil voice of Quran for 20 minutes. Blood sampling were done before and after Quran hearing. IgA, IgM, IgG, C3 and C4 were measured by SRID and kit method and white blood cell count was done by cell counter. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 software and U Mann – Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests.
Results: Hearing the Majlisi voice significantly increased the IgG (p=0.032), C3 (p=0.049) and C4 (p=0.004), but it did not change other factors. Hearing the Tartil voice rose significantly gust the IgG (p=0.008) and C3 (p=0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study shows that hearing to both types of Quran voice (Majlisi or Tartil) can go up the immune system factors and inhance this to encountering some stressful and critical situations.
Hasan Ravansalar; MohammadJavad Namazi; Hossein Moallaei; Arash Akaberi
Volume 17, Issue 1 , March and April 2010, , Pages 54-62
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Vulvovaginal candidiasis is one of the most common infections in women and is caused by various types of candidiasis with different patterns of resistance against drugs. The present study was conducted to determine the various species of candidiasis in women admitted to Mobini ...
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Background and Purpose: Vulvovaginal candidiasis is one of the most common infections in women and is caused by various types of candidiasis with different patterns of resistance against drugs. The present study was conducted to determine the various species of candidiasis in women admitted to Mobini Hospital in Sabzevar, Iran in order to make preventive recommendations for medical doctors. Methods and Materials: This cross-sectional descriptive analytical research was conducted on 231 women admitted to Mobini Hospital in Sabzevar, Iran, complaining of vaginal secretions. After getting the ethics committee permissions and obtaining the informed consent of the participants, at the same time as measuring vaginal pH, two swaps were used for collecting samples of secretions from lateral and posterior fornix. They were examined for yeasts and were then cultured in saburu dextrose. Grown yeasts were detected based on their macroscopic and microscopic features, tubulation in blood serum and biochemical characteristics using Yeast Plus System. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS 11 using chi-square and bi-dimensional tables. Results: Positives results in direct examination results were 7.35%, and in culture the positive results were 26.8%. In detecting processes, candida albicans yeast (38.7%), Candida kefyr (17.7%), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (14,5%); candia tropicalis (9.6%), Candida glabrata (8%), candida cruse (3.2%) were isolated with other non-pathogenic yeasts including Candida rugosa, Candida lipolytica, trycospron bejli, Blastoschizomyces capitatus (6.4%). Conclusion: Non-pathogenic yeasts were isolated from patients with defective immunity systems, and need to be considered in patients with vaginal infections.