نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار، سبزوار، ایران
2 استادیار، گروه بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار، سبزوار، ایران
3 کارشناسی ارشد پرستاری، گروه پرستاری، دانشکده پرستاری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سبزوار، ایران
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: در محل‌های دفن مهندسی شده هم نمی‌توان از تولید شیرابه جلوگیری کرد که حاوی انواع مختلفی از فلزات سنگین است. بنابراین محل‌دفن زباله یکی از منابع اصلی افزایش غلظت فلزات سنگین در خاک است. هدف از انجام این مطالعه، بررسی شدت آلودگی خاک‌های اطراف محل‌دفن زباله سبزوار به فلزات سنگین و تهیه نقشه آلودگی خاک به فلزات سنگین بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: نمونه‌های خاک‌های سطحی و عمقی در 18 ایستگاه با توجه به نوع خاک و فاصله از محل دفن شهر سبزوار جمع‌آوری گردید. غلظت فلزات سنگین آرسنیک، روی، سرب، کروم، مس، جیوه و کادمیوم به‌وسیله دستگاه ICP-OES آنالیز گردید. شدت آلودگی خاک با استفاده از شاخص‌های زمین انباشتگی (Igeo) و مجموع ریسک اکولوژیکی (RI) ارزیابی شد.
یافته‌ها: میانگین غلظت آرسنیک، روی، سرب، کروم و مس در خاک سطحی به ترتیب 01/6، 04/41، 31/6، 77/26 و 45/31 بر حسب mg/kg و جیوه و کادمیوم به ترتیب 79/60 و 60/61 بر حسب µg/kg بود. اما میانگین غلظت آرسنیک، روی، سرب، کروم و مس در خاک در عمقی به ترتیب 75/5، 33/38، 25/6، 68/22و 04/31 بر حسب mg/kg و جیوه و کادمیوم به ترتیب 57/66 و 98/59 بر حسب µg/kg بود که مقدار همگی نسبت به مقادیر پس‌زمینه طبیعی بیشتر است.
نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس برآورد شاخص‌هایIgeo و RI برای فلزات سنگین آرسنیک، سرب، روی، کروم و مس در خاک عدم آلودگی ولی برای جیوه و کادمیوم آلودگی شدید را نشان داد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Investigation of Heavy Metals in the Soil around Municipal Waste Landfill
نویسندگان [English]
- Mohammad Hasan Kowsari 1
- MohammadHossein Saghi 2
- ayoob rastegar 2
- Somayeh Sotude 3
1 Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
2 Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
3 Msc of Nursing, Nursing Department Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran
چکیده [English]
Background: Even in engineered landfills in developed countries, leachate production cannot be avoided and it contains different types of heavy metals. Therefore, landfills are one of the main sources of increased concentrations of heavy metals in the soil. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the severity of contamination of soils around Sabzevar landfill with heavy metals and to prepare a soil contamination map with heavy metals.
Methods: Samples of surface and deep soils were collected in 18 stations according to the type of soil and distance from landfill Sabzevar. The concentrations of heavy metals Arsenic, Zinc, Lead, Chromium, Copper, Mercury and Cadmium were analyzed by ICP-OES. The intensity of soil contamination was assessed using Index Geoaccumulation Potential ecological risk index.
Results: The mean concentrations of Arsenic, Zinc, Lead, Chromium and Copper in surface soil, respectively are, 6.013, 41.04, 6.31, 26.77 and 31.45 mg/kg of Mercury and Cadmium, respectively, 60.79 and 61.60 μg/kg, respectively. But the mean concentration of Arsenic, Zinc, Lead, Chromium and Copper in depth soil, respectively are, 5.75, 38.33, 6.25, 22.68 and 31.04 mg/kg, Mercury and Cadmium, respectively, 66.57 and 59.98 μg/kg, the value of all proportion to Natural background values are higher.
Conclusion: Based on estimates of Igeo and RI indices for heavy metals Arsenic, Lead, Zinc, Chromium and Copper in the soil showed no contamination but for Mercury and Cadmium showed severe contamination.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Soil Pollution
- Heavy Metals
- Landfill
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