نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی روانشناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، واحد تهران مرکز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ،تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد ابهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ابهر، ایران
3 استادیار روانشناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی،دانشکده روانشناسی، واحد تهران مرکز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
4 دانشیار علوم تشریح، گروه علوم تشریح دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گلستان، گرگان، ایران
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: با توجه اینکه تاثیر درمان‌های دارویی و آموزشی-توانبخشی رایج، بر روی مشکلات هیجانی-رفتاری کودکان مبتلا به اختلال طیف اتیسم کافی نیستند؛ درمان‌های جدید بر حمایت رفتاری مثبت مبتنی بر ذهن–آگاهی مادران این کودکان جهت کاهش مشکلات هیجانی-رفتاری کودکان‌شان پیشنهاد شده اند. از این رو در این مطالعه، تأثیر آموزش حمایت رفتاری مثبت مبتنی بر ذهن–آگاهی مادران را بر مشکلات هیجانی-رفتاری کودکان اتیسم‌شان مورد بررسی قرار گرفته شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این مطالعه، 30 مادر دارای کودکان 10-8 ساله مبتلا به اختلال طیف اتیسم بطور تصادفی به 2 گروه 15 نفری، آزمایش و کنترل تقسیم کردیم. هر 2 گروه با مقیاس تجدیدنظر شده رفتارهای تکراری بودفیش قبل از مداخله، ،پس از 8 جلسه مداخله حمایت رفتاری بر گروه آزمایش و همچنین یک ماه پس از پیگیری بررسی شدند.
یافته‌ها:. میانگین نمرات رفتارهای کلیشه‌ای، خود آزاری، یکنواخت، وسواسی، آیینی و محدود کودکان مبتلا به اتیسم قبل از آموزش مشابه بود، درحالیکه در اتمام آموزش و 1 ماه پس از پیگیری، در گروه آزمایش بطور معناداری نسبت به گروه کنترل پایین‌تر بود؛ بطوریکه میانگین نمرات رفتارهای فوق الذکر در کودکان اتیستیک در گروه کنترل در طول زمان تغییر معناداری نداشته اما در گروه مداخله در طول زمان کاهش معناداری داشته است(P<0.001).
نتیجه‌گیری: آموزش حمایت رفتاری مثبت مبتنی بر ذهن–آگاهی به مادران در کاهش مشکلات هیجانی-رفتاری کودکان با اختلال اتیسم مؤثر بوده و بنابراین پیشنهاد می شود در پروتکل درمانی این کودکان گنجانده شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effectiveness of Mindfulness–based positive behavior support (MBPBS) for Mothers on the behavioral problems of children with autism
نویسندگان [English]
- Saeed Reza Amirian 1
- Mojtaba Amirimajd 2
- Mansure Shahriari Ahmadi 3
- leila elyasi 4
1 PhD Student in Psychology and Education Exceptional Children, Center Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran , Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran
3 Assistant Professor in Psychology and Education Exceptional Children, Faculty of Psychology, Center Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Professor of Anatomy, Neuroscience Research center, Department of Anatomy School of Medicine.Golestan medical university, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]
Background and objectives: Considering the insufficient efficacy of the medical and educational rehabilitation treatments on behavioral problems of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), novel treatments based on Mindfulness–Based Positive Behavior support (MBPBS) therapy on mothers of these children are suggested for reducing the behavioral problems of their children. Thus, in the present study, the effect of MBPBS on mindfulness of mothers of children with ASD and the behavioral problems of children were investigated.
Methods: In this study, we randomly divided 30 mothers of 8-10 year-old children with ASD into two groups of experiment and control, 15 in each group. Both groups were evaluated using Bodfish Repetitive Behavior Scale–Revised before intervention, after 8 sessions of MBPBS education of the intervention group, and one month after the intervention.
Results: Mean scores of stereotyped, self-harm, monotone, obsessive, ritualistic, and limited behavior were similar at pre-test (P>0.05); while, immediately and one month after intervention, it was significantly lower in the intervention group, compared to the control group; mean scores of the above-mentioned behavior had no significant change by time in children with ASD in the control group, while it had significant decrease in the intervention group by time (P<0.001).
Conclusion: MBPBS education to mothers of ASD children is effective on reducing the behavioral problems of ASD children and is thus suggested to be included in the treatment protocol of these children.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Mindfulness
- Behavior Rating Scale
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
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