نوع مقاله : گزارش موردی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روان شناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.
2 دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.
3 دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران
4 استادیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: سالهایاولیه زندگی در مداخلات و پیشرفت کودکان اتیسم، اهمیت فراوانی دارد و بررسی نقش والدین در این زمینه ضروری به نظر میرسد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین میزان اثربخشی مداخلات زودهنگام مدل دنور- والدین بر بهبود نیمرخ تحولی در کودکان دارای اختلال طیف اتیسم انجام گرفتهاست.
مواد و روشها: پژوهش حاضر از نوع کاربردی با روش طرحهای تکآزمودنی نوع AB و جامعه آماری کودکان دارای اختلال طیف اتیسم در شهرستان ماهشهر بودند که از بین آنها 3 کودک اتیسم با روش نمونهگیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند و والدین در 12 جلسه انفرادی و 1 ساعت در هفته، مداخلات زودهنگام مدل دنور- والدین را آموزش دیدند. ارزیابی در 7 مرحله با پرسشنامه سنین و مراحل رشد ویرایش سوم (ASQ3) انجام و برای تحلیل دادهها از آمار توصیفی، تحلیل دیداری با محاسبه درصد دادههای ناهمپوش (PND) و همپوش (POD) و مقایسه نمودارها استفاده گردید.
یافتهها: نتایج تحلیل دیداری نشان داد که استفاده از مداخلات زودهنگام مدل دنور- والدین باعث افزایش نمرات در زیرمقیاسهای نیمرخ تحولی در آزمودنیها، با میزان 100 درصد دادههای ناهمپوش (PND) و0 درصد دادههای همپوش (POD) گردیدهاست و روند افزایشی نمرات حوزههای گوناگون رشد تا مرحله پیگیری ادامه داشتهاست.
نتیجهگیری: اجرای مداخلات زودهنگام مدل دنور- والدین میتواند منجر به بهبود حوزههای تحولی در کودکان دارای اختلال طیف اتیسم گردد و والدین نقش برجستهای در این فرایند دارند بنابراین بهنظر میرسد که با واردنکردن و مشارکت فعال والدین در روند مداخلاتی، میتوان گامی مهم در راستای بهبود تأخیرهای تحولی در کودکان اتیسم برداشت.
تازه های تحقیق
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کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Effectiveness of Early Interventions of the Denver-Parent Model on Improving the Developmental Profile of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case Study
نویسندگان [English]
- Fahimeh Sajedifar 1
- Parvin Ehteshamzadeh 2
- Alireza Heydarei 3
- Sahar Safarzadeh 4
1 PhD student, Department of Psychology and education of exceptional children, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Associate Professor Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
4 Assistant Professor Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]
Introduction: The early years of life are very important in the interventions and progress of autistic children, and it seems necessary to examine the role of parents in this field. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of early interventions of the Denver-parent model on improving the developmental profile of children with autism spectrum disorder.
Materials and Methods: The current research is applied with AB-type single-subject designs and the statistical population was autistic children in Mahshahr, 3 autistic children were selected by purposive sampling and parents, during 12 individual sessions and 1 hour per week, learned P-ESDM. The evaluation was done in 7 stages with the questionnaire of ASQ3 and descriptive statistics, visual analysis by calculating the percentage of non-overlapping and overlapping data, and comparing graphs were used to analyze the data.
Results: The results of the analysis showed that the use of early interventions of the Denver-Parent model increased the scores in the subscales of the developmental profile, with 100% PND and 0% POD, and the increasing trend of scores in various areas of growth continued until the follow-up stage.
Conclusion: The implementation of early interventions of the Denver-parent model can lead to the improvement of developmental areas in autistic children and parents have a prominent role in this process, so it seems that introducing and Active participation of parents in the intervention process can be an important step to improve developmental delays in autistic children.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- Autism
- Early Interventions
- Developmental Profile
- Denver-Parent Model
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