Biotechnology & nanotechnology
Naimeh Khazali; Maryam Sadrnia; Reza Hajihosseini
Abstract
Background: Microbial lipases are an important group of enzymes with biotechnology value. In the present research, an attempt was made to isolate and identify lipase-producing microbial strains from industrial wastewater samples.Materials and Methods: After taking samples from sewage and sewage from ...
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Background: Microbial lipases are an important group of enzymes with biotechnology value. In the present research, an attempt was made to isolate and identify lipase-producing microbial strains from industrial wastewater samples.Materials and Methods: After taking samples from sewage and sewage from different places,16 colonies were isolated from these samples. The isolates were cultured in a specific culture medium containing Tween80 to check the ability to produce lipase enzyme. Enzyme activity was determined using the light absorption curve. In order to identify the isolates molecularly, ribotyping was performed. For this purpose, the DNA of the isolates was extracted and PCR was performed with the help of 16SrRNA gene primers. The PCR product was sequenced and the strains were identified using sequence blast in the NCBI database.Results: Out of a total of 16 isolates, ten strains (62.5%) were able to produce lipase enzyme as a result of creating a transparent halo in the culture medium of the lipid test. Among these, two isolates with the same halo formation rate and source of isolation, which had the highest growth and activity after 144 hours were selected from the culture. Enzyme activity values for bacteria isolated from slaughterhouse effluent and garage effluent ranged from 2.99 to 22.65 and 3.73to 39.2 units/ml, respectively.Conclusion: Due to their very high lipase activity compared to the strains introduced in other researches, Aeromonas veroni and Copriavidus metallidurans bacteria are suggested as very suitable and efficient strains for the biological treatment of wastewater.
Microbiology
Hanieh Bayat; Reza Habibipour; Narges Ghobadi; Fatemeh Golipour
Volume 28, Issue 5 , November and December 2021, , Pages 713-727
Abstract
Introduction: Staphylococcus epidermidis is an opportunistic pathogen and of the most important cause of infectious diseases. The prevalence of these infections, as well as the increase of antibiotic-resistant species, has become a solicitous issue. Using nanoparticles to combat bacterial infections ...
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Introduction: Staphylococcus epidermidis is an opportunistic pathogen and of the most important cause of infectious diseases. The prevalence of these infections, as well as the increase of antibiotic-resistant species, has become a solicitous issue. Using nanoparticles to combat bacterial infections can replace antibiotics. In this study, the antibacterial properties of doped silver nanoparticles on Iron oxide nanocrystal on isolated Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria from nosocomial infection was studied.
Materials and Methods: Firstly, Nanoparticles were prepared by chemical co-precipitation method and were prepared at concentrations of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 ppm to determine bactericidal properties. The effect of nanoparticles on isolated and standard strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis at 24, 48 and 72 hours were investigated by microplate titer. Data were analyzed by SPSS -18 software at a 0.01 margin of error.
Results: The results showed that time, bacterial type and concentration factors had a significant effect on the growth inhibition of Staphylococcus epidermidis, though the concentration and type of bacterial variables had more significant effects. The most antibacterial effect of doped silver nanoparticles on iron oxide nanocrystals was at 100ppm concentration over a 48-hour time on standard isolate.
Conclusion: Doped Silver nanoparticles on Iron nanocrystals affect the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis and reduce its growth rate. This effect, in comparison to the effects of silver nanoparticles in a single state, which has already been investigated by researchers, is far more advanced and the combination of Metal nanoparticles together cause to improve their effectiveness.
Anesthesiology
Ebrahim Nasiri; Leila Sadati; rana abjar; Hooshang Akbari
Volume 29, Issue 5 , November and December 2022, , Pages 718-729
Abstract
Introduction: Due to the work in emergency situations, having high work technique and large volume of work, the operating room is known as a stressful part. Which can cause problems for the personnel working in it. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of deep breathing on anxiety, fatigue ...
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Introduction: Due to the work in emergency situations, having high work technique and large volume of work, the operating room is known as a stressful part. Which can cause problems for the personnel working in it. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of deep breathing on anxiety, fatigue and sleep quality of operating room personnel.
Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was performed by pre-test-post-test method in 2020 on operating room technologists and anesthesia technicians. Thirty-five people who met the inclusion criteria were randomly selected and performed deep breathing exercises for four weeks. Multidimensional fatigue intensity, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality and Beck Anxiety Questionnaires were completed and compared before, two weeks and four weeks after the intervention.
Results: The mean anxiety score changed from 19.65 ± 9.57 to 14.2 ± 6.34 after two weeks and 10.68 ± 5.67 after four weeks. The mean fatigue scores changed from 64.37 ± 10.07 to 56.79 ± 8.72 and then 52.75 ± 8.76 Which is quite significant in both time effects (P <0.001). The average sleep quality score changed from 9.89 ± 3.41 to 8.92 ± 2.7 and then 7.71 ± 2.7. There was no significant difference in the previous time - 2 weeks later (P = 0.57). However, at 2-4 weeks later, There was significant difference (P = 0.04).
Conclusion: Due to the positive effects of deep breathing on operating room personnel, the use of this non-pharmacological and uncomplicated method is recommended to maintain the mental and physical health of personnel and increase safety and quality of work.
Physical Education
Saeed Daneshyar
Abstract
Introduction: In obesity, the serum levels of Asprosin are pathologically upregulated, this is thus considered a therapeutic target. This study aimed to explore the effect of exercise training as combined training (Aerobic+ Resistance training) along with Caffeine supplementation on the plasma levels ...
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Introduction: In obesity, the serum levels of Asprosin are pathologically upregulated, this is thus considered a therapeutic target. This study aimed to explore the effect of exercise training as combined training (Aerobic+ Resistance training) along with Caffeine supplementation on the plasma levels of Asprosin in middle-aged obese men.Materials and Methods: 38 obese men aged 35 to 50 years, with a BMI of greater than 28 participated in the research. They were stratified randomized into 4 groups. including: 1-Control-placebo (n=10), 2- Caffeine (n=10), 3- Combined training-placebo (n=9) and 4- Caffeine and combined training (n=9). The caffeine group consumed the caffeine tab 4.5 mg per kg body weight, daily, for 6 weeks. The Combined training group had concurrent aerobic and resistance training for 6 weeks (3 sessions per week). Blood samples were collected before and after the intervention, and the plasma asprosin concentration was measured by the ELISA method.Results: By the effect of the Combined training, the Asprosin level was reduced (p=0/01). Taking Caffeine alone did not significantly reduce Asprosin (p=0/19). The Asprosin declined in the group that had both Combined training and Caffeine (p=0/01).Conclusion: In order to reduce the upregulated Asprosin in obese individuals known as pathologic, combined training is recommended and/so it is not necessary to take caffeine along with the training.
Psychology
Nilofar Mikaeili; shirin ahmadi
Volume 28, Issue 5 , November and December 2021, , Pages 728-739
Abstract
Introduction: Migraines in women are an important health issue. The purpose of this study was to compare pain-related anxiety, pain self-efficacy and coping strategies in women with migraine headache and normal.
Materials and Methods: This research was a causal-comparative study. The statistical population ...
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Introduction: Migraines in women are an important health issue. The purpose of this study was to compare pain-related anxiety, pain self-efficacy and coping strategies in women with migraine headache and normal.
Materials and Methods: This research was a causal-comparative study. The statistical population of this study was all women with migraine headache and all healthy women in Kermanshah province. 30 migraine headache patients referred to psychiatric and neurological clinics in Kermanshah province were selected by convenience sampling method. 30 healthy subjects were selected based on their (age, level of education and status Socioeconomics) were chosen and questionnaires anxiety associated with pain, pain self-efficacy and coping strategies responded. The collected data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, mean and standard deviation, and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).
Results: The results showed that women with migraine headache had a significant difference in mean scores of cognitive, escape-avoidance, fear and physiological, self-efficacy, problem-oriented coping and emotional coping with normal group (P<0/001(.
Conclusion: Considering the difference between women with migraine in the mean of cognitive scores, escape-avoidance, fear and physiological self-efficacy, problem-oriented coping and emotional coping, the use of cognitive-behavioral therapy and teaching coping strategies and stress management in the form of workshops as supplementary therapies.
Psychology
mansoureh khalili; vaziri shahram; farah lotfi kashani
Volume 29, Issue 6 , January and February 2023, , Pages 730-743
Abstract
Introduction: Transgender people are vulnerable to a high risk of mental health problems. These people face many problems in accessing health services. There is very little information about the needs of transgender people for health care and their concerns in this regard. This study aimed to examine ...
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Introduction: Transgender people are vulnerable to a high risk of mental health problems. These people face many problems in accessing health services. There is very little information about the needs of transgender people for health care and their concerns in this regard. This study aimed to examine the mental health services and needs of transgender people and their attitudes and experiences.
Materials and Methods: To select English-related studies in the databases of Science Direct, Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Psych Info, Psych Lit, and Sociological Abstracts, the English keywords Trans, Transgender, Transphobia, Gender Dysphoria, Mental health, and Mental health service were searched from 2010 to 2022. Also, for Persian articles, the equivalent Persian keywords were searched in internal databases of the University Jihad Scientific Database (SID), Comprehensive Humanities, and Civilica Portal. Finally, out of 231 studies, 12 articles were selected for review.
Results: This study highlights the main challenges of transgender people. The results of this study showed that some of these challenges include access to health services tailored to the needs of transgender people and the need to develop mental health services for these people.
Conclusion: We can conclude that there are no medical services that meet the needs of transgender people and to improve the quality of life of these people, there is a need to develop mental health services and train specialists.
Physical Education
Maryam Khalesi; Esmail Nasiri; Ali Samadi
Abstract
Introduction: Misperception of body weight and lack of awareness about overweight and obesity are associated with poor weight management behaviors.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 350 female students from Shahed University, Tehran, Iran, using a convenience sampling method. ...
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Introduction: Misperception of body weight and lack of awareness about overweight and obesity are associated with poor weight management behaviors.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 350 female students from Shahed University, Tehran, Iran, using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected through anthropometric measurements and self-reported answers regarding weight perception and level of body weight preoccupation. Data analysis was conducted using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.Results: The findings revealed that 51.43% of the subjects misperceived their body weight. Among them, the majority (92.22%) underestimated their weight. Additionally, 17.14% of the overweight and obese subjects perceived their weight to be within the normal range, while 29.6% of obese subjects perceived themselves to be only slightly overweight. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between body weight perception and anthropometric indices (p<0.01). The body mass index (r=0.739), C-index (r=0.648), body adiposity index (r=0.620), abdominal volume index (r=0.552), and waist-to-height ratio (r=0.537), and waist circumference (r=0.533) had the highest correlation with body weight perception, respectively.Conclusion: The high rate of unawareness of actual body weight among female university students is alarming. It is, therefore, necessary to develop programs that increase awareness about normal body weight and the importance of anthropometric indices in weight management.
nutrition
Parvaneh Sarani Aliabadi; ali reza dashipour; hamed sarani; afsaneh sarabandi no
Volume 28, Issue 5 , November and December 2021, , Pages 740-751
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes is a metabolic syndrome that is increasingly globalized. Many studies are currently focused on the anti-hyperglycemic effects of safe and harmful herbal products including cinnamon. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of cinnamon on blood glucose, HbA1C, and insulin ...
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Introduction: Diabetes is a metabolic syndrome that is increasingly globalized. Many studies are currently focused on the anti-hyperglycemic effects of safe and harmful herbal products including cinnamon. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of cinnamon on blood glucose, HbA1C, and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients because of inconsistency in the results of previous studies.
Materials and Methods: This double blind randomized clinical trial was performed on 69 male and female diabetic patients with mean fasting blood glucose level of 202.16 ± 44.30 in Zahedan, Iran. Subjects were divided into three groups (two groups receiving cinnamon recipients with doses of 2 and 4 g and control group). Subjects received 4 capsules daily for 12 weeks. After 8 hours of fasting, blood samples were taken at the beginning of the intervention and weeks 4, 8 and 12 were measured to measure fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance and HbA1c. One-way ANOVA and Repeated Measurement and SPSS software were used to analyze the data.
Results: At the end of week 8 and 12, a statistically significant decrease in mean fasting blood glucose, HbA1C and insulin resistance was observed in the experimental groups (Cinnamon 2 and 4 g daily) compared to the control group (P <0.001). Also at the end of week 12, the glucose and HbA1C variables were significantly different between the two experimental groups receiving cinnamon (P <0.001).
Conclusion: Long-term consumption of high-dose cinnamon is effective as a low-risk supplement for controlling blood glucose and improving the health of people with diabetes.
Psychology
mojtaba aghili; Marjan Kalteh; Ensiyeh Babaee
Abstract
Background: One of the dangerous unhealthy behaviors that are more common during adolescence compared with other periods of life is the self-injury behavior. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy on self-concealment, self-compassion ...
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Background: One of the dangerous unhealthy behaviors that are more common during adolescence compared with other periods of life is the self-injury behavior. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy on self-concealment, self-compassion and self-injurious behaviors of female students.Materials and Methods: The research method was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with a control group. The statistical population of the research was the female high school students in Bandar Turkmen, Iran, during the school years 2022-2023, when 30 students were included by cluster sampling and randomly placed in 2 experimental and control groups (n=15 for each group). The experimental group received dialectical behavior therapy while the control group did not receive any intervention until the end of the study. The research tools included Larson and Justin's self-disclosure questionnaires, Neff's self-compassion, and Klonsky and Glenn's list of self-injury behaviors and functions.Results: The results of the research showed that dialectical behavior therapy was effective on self-concealment, self-compassion and self-injury behaviors of female students (P<0.05).Conclusion: The results indicated that, with a receptive and non-judgmental state of mind and empathy, the dialectical behavior therapy led to the reduction of self-concealment, self-injurious behaviors and enhanced self-compassion in female students.
Nursing
Fatemeh Shirazi; Shiva Heidari; Pouya Hosseinzadeh; Hadi Zolfegharzade
Volume 29, Issue 6 , January and February 2023, , Pages 744-755
Abstract
Introduction: Today, discriminatory behaviors of health workers towards people with AIDS are common practices. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of online micro-learning and brainstorming on nursing students' awareness about mistreatment of HIV/AIDS patients.
Materials and Methods: ...
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Introduction: Today, discriminatory behaviors of health workers towards people with AIDS are common practices. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of online micro-learning and brainstorming on nursing students' awareness about mistreatment of HIV/AIDS patients.
Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 90 nursing students were selected and randomly assigned into three groups. After a pre-test of students’ knowledge about discriminatory behaviors, the first group was educated through online micro-learning method and the second group was educated through brainstorming in the skyroom. The control group did not receive any education. Finally, the post-test was done immediately in three groups.
Results: The results showed significant differences between pre-test and post-test of students’ knowledge in the online micro-learning(p=0.001) and online brainstorming (0.001) groups. But there was no difference in the control group (p=0.125). Also, after education, a significant difference was seen between the mean scores of knowledges in three groups (p=0.001). The post-hoc tests showed significant differences between control, brainstorming (p=0.003) and micro-learning groups (p=0.009), but there was no difference between brainstorming and micro-learning groups.
Conclusion: Findings showed that the both online teaching methods, micro-learning and brainstorming, could increase students’ awareness of discriminatory behaviors towards HIV/AIDS patients. Considering the importance of virtual education due to Coronavirus pandemic, it is suggested to use these two online methods to enhance students’ knowledge.
Epidemiology and Statistics
behnaz beygi; hamidreza bahrami; Reza Eftekhari Gol; Ehsan Musa Farkhani
Volume 28, Issue 5 , November and December 2021, , Pages 751-764
Abstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the world. The 10-year risk assessment of this illness is an essential step in managing future illness. This study aimed to compare Framingham Risk Score and Globorisk cardiovascular disease prediction models in the next ten years.
Materials ...
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Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the world. The 10-year risk assessment of this illness is an essential step in managing future illness. This study aimed to compare Framingham Risk Score and Globorisk cardiovascular disease prediction models in the next ten years.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed using Mashhad's Electronic Health Record data with total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, smoking, blood pressure, and diabetes. The study population was people aged 30 years and older, with a sample of 161,828 people. T-test and chi-square tests were used to determine the relationship of dependence between the variables, and P-value less than 0.05 was considered.
Results: The participants included 74.1% females. According to the Globorisk model, 67.2% of females and 79.9% of males were in the low-risk group, while in the Framingham model, this rate was 48.5% and 54.9%, respectively, in females and males. According to the Globorisk and Framingham model, 66.2% and 34.1% of people 70 years and older were high-risk. Both models also showed that people with diabetes and smokers are at higher risk for cardiovascular disease in the next ten years.
Conclusion: Considering the increased cardiovascular risk, it is necessary to use the capabilities of these models to assess the risk of disease in the next ten years and take measures to improve the community's general health and prevent cardiovascular events.
Nursing
Narjes Heshmatifar; Hossein Karimi Moneghi; sara ahmadi
Volume 29, Issue 6 , January and February 2023, , Pages 756-768
Abstract
Introduction: Background and objectives: As research is the building block of education development, the study of research methods is important for improving the quality of research. Among different research methods, content analysis has gained particular significance; however, it has not yet been clearly ...
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Introduction: Background and objectives: As research is the building block of education development, the study of research methods is important for improving the quality of research. Among different research methods, content analysis has gained particular significance; however, it has not yet been clearly examined in terms of its features and techniques. To fill this gap, the present article was an attempt to seek experts’ views on this issue.
Materials and Methods: This study was a non-systematic narrative review article. First, books and searches of previous studies were used in scientific information databases abroad: PubMed, Scopus Web of Science, Science Direct Google scholar, between 1940 and 2022 with the keywords Content, Analysis, Qualitative content analysis, Quantitative content analysis and also used, Keyword content analysis, qualitative method, qualitative content analysis, quantitative content analysis in databases, MagIran, SID, Iranmedex, Irandoc. Then, 21 related articles were identified and reviewed.
Results: Based on the findings of the current study, there are particular techniques for conducting content analysis research distinguishing it from other research methods. Besides, findings of the study revealed that challenges among experts about the content analysis research method is partly due to its history and its evolution over the time and also it is related to the very highly flexible nature of this research method.
Conclusion: Content analysis is an independent scientific research method in which the researcher makes use of qualitative processes to describe and summarize data for making inferences and finding a conceptual framework and finally formulating a theory.
Physiology & Pharmacology
Manizhehsadat Ansari-kermani; Mehdi Abbasnejad; Razieh Kooshki; Saeed Esmaeili-mahani; Fatemeh Shahsavari
Abstract
Background: The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of intra-central amygdala nucleus (CeA) administration of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on anxiety-like and social behaviors in adult male rats exposed to acute stress.Materials and Methods: The adult male rats were bilaterally cannulated in ...
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Background: The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of intra-central amygdala nucleus (CeA) administration of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on anxiety-like and social behaviors in adult male rats exposed to acute stress.Materials and Methods: The adult male rats were bilaterally cannulated in CeA. The rats were subjected to restraint stress conditions 1 h daily for a week. Then, the rats were treated with intra-CeA administration of MeJA (2.5, 5 and 10 µg/rat). Rats’ behaviors were assessed in elevated plus maze (EPM), open field (OF), and a three-chambered social approach task, respectively.Results: Rats exposed to restraint stress showed significant anxiogenic behaviors in EPM and OF tasks. However, bilateral microinjection of MeJA (5 and 10 µg/rat) in CeA decreased stress induced anxiety-like behavior indices in both tasks (p<0.01, p<0.05). In addition, stressed rats showed social behavior deficits in the three-chambered social approach task (decreased sniffing time and time spent in compartment with stranger rats) as compared to untreated control rats. However, MeJA (10 µg/rat) ameliorated social behavior deficiency in stressed rats.Conclusion: The data of this study showed MeJA value for attenuating stress-induced anxiety-like and social behavior deficits in rats.
Amir Abbas Minaeifar; Mohamad Hassan Dashti Khavidaki; Fateme Rasekh
Volume 28, Issue 5 , November and December 2021, , Pages 765-774
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of exercise and Anvillea garcinii extract on sex hormones in male rats with hyperlipidemia.Materials and Methods: 35 male wistar rats randomly divided into five groups (n=7 for each group), including: 1) control group (Con), 2) hypercholesterolemia ...
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of exercise and Anvillea garcinii extract on sex hormones in male rats with hyperlipidemia.Materials and Methods: 35 male wistar rats randomly divided into five groups (n=7 for each group), including: 1) control group (Con), 2) hypercholesterolemia (Hc), 3) Anvillea garcinii extract (Ext; 100 mg / kg), 4) training group (E), 5) Extract-exercise (E-Ext). Exercise was performed for eight weeks, 30 minutes and three sessions per week equivalent to a speed of 14-17 m / min. Levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin were measured by radioimmunoassay and hormone kits. ANOVA test was used to determine the differences between groups.Results: The results showed a significant difference between the levels of FSH, LH, Prolactin and Testosterone between the groups. The results of Tukey post hoc test showed that FSH, LH and Testosterone levels between E-Ext and Hc groups (p = 0.000) (p = 0.001) (p = 0.001), Ext (p = 0.000) (P = 0.000) (p = 0.008) and E (p = 0.000) (p = 0.011) (p = 0.015) and Prolactin level between E-Ext groups with Hc (0.015). There was a significant difference between Ext (p = 0.046) and E (p = 0.012). The results showed all sexual hormones except Prolactin increased in the E-Ext group compared to the Hc group.Conclusion: Consumption of plant extracts along with exercise can have positive effects on sex hormones.
immunology & Biochemistry
Nafise Annabestani; Hamid Mollania; Nasrin Mollania
Abstract
Introduction: Herbal medicine, which bears fewer adverse effects than chemical medications, is becoming more popular for the treatment of diabetes.Materials and Methods: After measuring the antioxidant properties, the inhibition pattern between the extracts and the pancreatic α-amylase enzyme was ...
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Introduction: Herbal medicine, which bears fewer adverse effects than chemical medications, is becoming more popular for the treatment of diabetes.Materials and Methods: After measuring the antioxidant properties, the inhibition pattern between the extracts and the pancreatic α-amylase enzyme was determined. Diabetic mice were treated with herbal extracts and acarbose. The blood biochemical factors were then measured. The best extract examined the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs).Results: The extracts of saffron and chamomile petals showed an inhibitory effect on the α-amylase enzyme with a competitive and mixed pattern, respectively. FBS had a significant decrease in all treatment groups, and only in the group treated with an ultrasound-assisted aqueous extract of saffron petals did insulin levels increase significantly. The ALT enzyme decreased significantly in the presence of saffron extract. The reduction of the AST factor is significant only in chamomile extract. The results showed that for optimal synthesis of silver nanoparticles, values of temperature, pH, time, and silver nitrate salt concentration were 55°C, pH = 10, 4 hours, and 1.2 mM, respectively.Conclusion: The plant extracts studies can efficiently lower the blood sugar levels, increase insulin production, and regulate liver enzymes in the blood. As a result, they have a good impact on diabetes treatment. These extracts outperform the chemical medication acarbose in terms of efficacy and have no negative effects on the liver. The saffron extract demonstrates the ability to synthesize Ag-NP, which is frequently employed in biomedical applications.
Nursing
fateme biabani; Gholamhossein MahmudiRad; Hadi hassanhkani; Azad Rahmani
Volume 29, Issue 6 , January and February 2023, , Pages 769-784
Abstract
Introduction: Peritoneal dialysis is a convenient and cost-effective way to replace kidney function in patients with kidney failure. Nevertheless, in Iran, a very small percentage of patients with kidney failure use peritoneal dialysis, the reasons for which are less known. This study is to explain the ...
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Introduction: Peritoneal dialysis is a convenient and cost-effective way to replace kidney function in patients with kidney failure. Nevertheless, in Iran, a very small percentage of patients with kidney failure use peritoneal dialysis, the reasons for which are less known. This study is to explain the experiences of Iranian patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis regarding the decision to choose a kidney replacement treatment method.
Materials and Methods: 18 peritoneal dialysis patients living in four provinces of Iran participated in this qualitative study.
Results: The analysis of the text of the interviews led to the emergence of four main categories: the first category, under the title "Compulsion to choose", includes two sub-categories: "Lack of alternatives" and "Indifference to the patient's preferences", the second category is titled "Insufficient health literacy". It includes two subcategories of information poverty and limited access to reliable information, the "culture ruling the treatment system" category, which itself includes two subgroups of preference for the physician’s opinion and disregard for the patient's bill of rights, and finally the social support category, which includes family support, treatment staff assistance and the support was procedural.
Conclusion: Considering all the factors, the culture of the region and the treatment of the patient and if needed by his family, considering the chronic nature of the disease and the constant involvement of the patient's family in this process, providing sufficient and reliable information and creating access.
Biotechnology & nanotechnology
Ezzat Nourizadeh
Volume 28, Issue 5 , November and December 2021, , Pages 775-789
Abstract
Introduction: Leishmania (L.) infantum is the etiologic cause of visceral leishmaniasis in Iran. Efficient vaccines and diagnosis methods are required to control leishmaniasis. The aim of this study is produce and optimize monoclonal antibodies against promastigotes forms of L. infantum antigen.
Materials ...
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Introduction: Leishmania (L.) infantum is the etiologic cause of visceral leishmaniasis in Iran. Efficient vaccines and diagnosis methods are required to control leishmaniasis. The aim of this study is produce and optimize monoclonal antibodies against promastigotes forms of L. infantum antigen.
Materials and Methods: The mice were vaccinated with the L. infantum antigen and their antibody titers were determined by the ELISA method. Spleen cells of the most immune mouse were fused with SP2/0 in the presence of Poly Ethylene Glycol.The effect of supernatant of SP2/0 and mice peritoneum macrophage cells culture (SSMCC) on hybridoma cell proliferation was studied.
Results: Among the 12 fusion, a total of 26 monoclonal were positive.12 of which had acceptable optical absorbance in OD 450 nm. Finally, 4 clones, designated as 8D2 FVI6, 8D2 FVI3, 6G2 FV4 and 6G2 FV3. From these hybrids, anti-promastigotes L. infantum monoclonal antibodies were obtained. SSMCC was shown to play a key role in hybridoma proliferation and of mAb production. It seemed that SSMCC is rich of growth factors.
Conclusion: It seems in the near future, this SCCSM can be used as a growth factor for cancerous and non-cancerous cells in research centers at a wider level.
Gyneocology
Zohreh Mohamadzadeh Tabrizi; mojde navinejad; MASOUMEH SHARIFZADEH; arezoo davarinia
Volume 29, Issue 6 , January and February 2023, , Pages 785-798
Abstract
Introduction: Due to the high level of stress during pregnancy and the epidemiology of Covid 19 disease, which endangers the general health of pregnant women, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of self-care education on Covid 19 on the general health of pregnant mothers.
Materials and ...
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Introduction: Due to the high level of stress during pregnancy and the epidemiology of Covid 19 disease, which endangers the general health of pregnant women, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of self-care education on Covid 19 on the general health of pregnant mothers.
Materials and Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on 84 pregnant women referred to Mobini Hospital in Sabzevar in the period of June to September 2020. Using random allocation of variable blocks (quadruple blocks), individuals were divided into intervention and control groups. For data collection, two questionnaires of demographic characteristics and standard questionnaire of General health were used. Data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software (version 16).
Results: The results showed that the mean age of participants in the control group was 27.36 ± 5.88 and in the intervention, group was 27.20 ± 5.71. The mean total score of general health before the intervention was 21.68± 8.12 in the control group and 20.32 ± 7.71 in the intervention group. The results of Mann-Whitney test showed that the general health score at the beginning of the study was not statistically significant (p = 0.50). The mean total health score after the intervention in the control group was 20.31 ± 12.26 and in the intervention, group was 12.65 ± 7.15. Mann-Whitney test showed that this difference was statistically significant (p 0. 0.001).
Conclusion: Self-care education related to Covid-19 disease leads to improving the general health of pregnant mothers.
Nursing
akram hematipour; Zahra Safari; Azam jahangirimehr; Mohamad Nikzadian; Rezvan Fezyei
Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to assess the level of awareness and performance of non-medical personnel at Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran, regarding basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Materials and Methods: A total of 119 non-medical personnel from Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, ...
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Introduction: This study aimed to assess the level of awareness and performance of non-medical personnel at Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran, regarding basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Materials and Methods: A total of 119 non-medical personnel from Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran, participated in this study after obtaining their informed consent. Data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire on awareness and performance in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The questionnaire consisted of 21 multiple-choice questions. A correct answer was assigned a score of 1, while an incorrect answer received a score of zero. Data was analyzed using statistical tests in SPSS 21.Results: Out of the 119 participants, 76 (55.4%) were women and their average age was 32.63 ± 8.86 years. The average level of awareness among the participants was 6.68 ± 3.40 out of 11, and the average performance level was 3.54 ± 1.25 out of 10, indicating a good level of awareness but poor performance. Participants with a master's degree or higher education and those who received formal training demonstrated higher levels of awareness and performance (P<0.05). Additionally, the mean performance score of women was higher than that of men (P<0.001).Conclusion: The study findings confirmed that while the awareness of the personnel about cardiopulmonary resuscitation was good, their performance was unsatisfactory when it comes to managing a patient with cardiac arrest in a non-hospital setting.
Psychology
Nasrin Mirchooli; Ali mohammad Naemi
Volume 28, Issue 5 , November and December 2021, , Pages 790-800
Abstract
Introduction: Contemporary scholars believe that critical thinking provides the learner with the ability to understand and evaluate new knowledge, which relates to a variety of extrinsic factors, including academic self-concept and classroom structure. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate ...
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Introduction: Contemporary scholars believe that critical thinking provides the learner with the ability to understand and evaluate new knowledge, which relates to a variety of extrinsic factors, including academic self-concept and classroom structure. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between academic self-concept and classroom structure with critical thinking in medical students of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: The present study was a descriptive correlational study. The population of this study included all medical students of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences in 2018-19 was 250 people. A total of 148 people were selected by systematic random sampling. The required data were collected using standard questionnaires of critical thinking, academic Self-Concept and Classroom Structure. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and regression analysis with SPSS20.
Results: The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the variables of academic self-concept and critical thinking (r = 0.519; p≤0.001) and this variable explains 25.4% of changes in students' critical thinking. Also, the research findings indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between the variables of class structure and critical thinking (r = 0.628; p≤0.001) and this variable is able to explain 22.4% of changes in students' critical thinking.
Conclusion: Academic self-concept and classroom structure play a role in the development of students 'critical thinking, and can lead to students' academic success. Thus, with increasing levels of academic self-concept and improve the structure of the classroom can provide them develop critical thinking.
Fatemeh Edalattalab; Nooshin Abbasi; Soheila Mashouf
Volume 29, Issue 6 , January and February 2023, , Pages 799-810
Abstract
Introduction: Nowadays, teaching medical students needs to use new educational methods such as concept maps, along with traditional teaching methods. Which increases learners' desire to learn, focus on key points and organize content. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect ...
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Introduction: Nowadays, teaching medical students needs to use new educational methods such as concept maps, along with traditional teaching methods. Which increases learners' desire to learn, focus on key points and organize content. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of concept map on the learning rate of anesthesiology undergraduate students.
Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study with pre-test-post-test design was performed on 6th semester undergraduate students of Alborz University of Medical Sciences in 2021. Forty students were selected by census method and based on inclusion criteria, then randomly divided into two groups. In the control group, the lecture method and in the intervention group, the lecture method with a concept map tool was used to teach the interpretation of arterial blood gases. Students' learning before and one month after the intervention was measured using a four-choice test.
Results: The mean scores of students before the intervention were 12.95± 3.95 in the experimental group and 13.10± 3.82 in the control group (P = 0.90). After the intervention, it reached 18.95 ± 4.28 in the experimental group and 14.05 ± 2.83 in the control group, which was significantly higher in the intervention group (P <0.001).
Conclusion: Developing a concept map as an analytical strategy in education, along with the use of lecture method can be effective in promoting student learning.
Psychology
Sara JAVADI; Mohsen Golparvar; Rasieh Izadi
Volume 28, Issue 5 , November and December 2021, , Pages 800-813
Abstract
Introduction: Impulsivity is one of the problems that can worsen the behavioral problems of adolescents with behavioral problems. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of family mode deactivation treatment, cognitive-behavior therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on the emotional ...
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Introduction: Impulsivity is one of the problems that can worsen the behavioral problems of adolescents with behavioral problems. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of family mode deactivation treatment, cognitive-behavior therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on the emotional impulsivity of adolescent female with behavioral problems.
Materials and Methods: The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follows up design with a control group. The statistical population included the mothers of 120 adolescent girls aged 14-18 years with behavioral problems, in Isfahan, Iran in 2019. Among them, 60 people were selected using the available sampling method and then randomly assigned in three experimental groups and a control group (15 people for each group). The research instrument was Barrat Emotional Impulsivity Questionnaire. The participants of experimental groups trained in 10 sessions of 90 minutes. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test.
Results: The results indicated that, there is a significant difference between family mode deactivation treatment, cognitive-behavior therapy and acceptance-commitment therapy and the control group in emotional impulsivity (P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between the three treatments in reducing impulsivity (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Overall, the findings of this study showed that family mode deactivation treatment, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and acceptance and commitment therapy are among treatments that can reduce impulsivity in adolescent female with behavioral problems.
Nursing
leila ghanbari-afra; Faride Yousefizadeh; monireh ghanbari-afra
Volume 29, Issue 6 , January and February 2023, , Pages 811-821
Abstract
Introduction: Physical and mental health problems reduce patients' quality of life and limit their ability to adapt to the disease. Promoting adaptive behaviors based on the Roy model ensures, maintains and promotes the health of individuals. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of ...
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Introduction: Physical and mental health problems reduce patients' quality of life and limit their ability to adapt to the disease. Promoting adaptive behaviors based on the Roy model ensures, maintains and promotes the health of individuals. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of an integrated review of the application of Roy adaptation model on quality of life.
Materials and Methods: The present study is a systematic review that was conducted in April 2022 by searching for articles in both Persian and English in Web of Science, magiran, irandoc, IranMedex, Scientific Information Database (SID), Scopus, Cochran, Google Scholar and PubMed performed without time limit. The search was performed using the keywords adaptation, Roy model and quality of life and AND and OR operators. CASP tools were used to evaluate the quality of articles. Finally, out of 3400 articles found,9 articles were reviewed.
Results: Out of 9 present studies, 7 studies had English language. There were 5 studies from 2019 onwards. 5 studies were quasi-experimental and 3 studies were clinical trials and 1 studi was descriptive analytic. Studies have been conducted in Egypt, Turkey, Pakistan, China and Iran. Sampling methods were available, random, and purposeful. Findings show that in all studies the quality of life of patients increased after the intervention.
Conclusion: Intervention based on Roy adaptation model improves the quality of life in various diseases.
Physiology & Pharmacology
Najmea Farhadi; Davood Mehrabani; Seyed Ebrahim Hosseini; seyede sara hashemi
Volume 28, Issue 5 , November and December 2021, , Pages 814-825
Abstract
Introduction: Cannabis is psychoactive substance that is abused by millions of people the world. Due to the high consumption of this substance among young people of reproductive age, the present study was performed to investigate the effect of cannabis on the growth of endometrial mesenchymal stem cells(msc) ...
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Introduction: Cannabis is psychoactive substance that is abused by millions of people the world. Due to the high consumption of this substance among young people of reproductive age, the present study was performed to investigate the effect of cannabis on the growth of endometrial mesenchymal stem cells(msc) derived from rats.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, msc were extracted from the endometrium of rats and after culturing and confirming the mesenchymal nature of the cells by flowcytometry and by expressingCD34 and CD90 and not expressingCD105 markers,in the third passage of cell culture, the effects of cannabis in concentration of100and1000ng/ml were calculated on the growth of these cells within1to8days and the results were analyzed using ANOVA and Tuki tests.Results: Cells isolated from the endometrium adhered to the floor of the cell culture flask24hours after transfer. The mesenchymal nature of these cells was confirmed by the expression of CD90, CD105and non-expression of CD34markers.The results ofcell counts also showed the growth of cells treated with cannabis until the third day of treatment similar to the control group. From the fourth day in the treatment group with a dose of100ng/ml cannabis increased significantly top<0.05and in the treatment group with a dose of1000ng/ml. Third, there was significant decrease compared to the control group and from the fourth day, significant increase was observed atp<0.05.Conclusion: The results showed that the cells isolated from the endometrium were of the msc, and that cannabis probably stimulated the growth of these cells through cannabinoid receptors.
Psychology
maryam Motakeffar; sheyda sodagar; maryam bahrami; najme rahimy
Volume 29, Issue 6 , January and February 2023, , Pages 822-832
Abstract
Introduction: According to the world health organization the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in our country and world will increase sharply by 2030. Improving glycemic control delays the onset and progression of diabetes complications.The purpose of this study was The effectiveness of mindfulness-based ...
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Introduction: According to the world health organization the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in our country and world will increase sharply by 2030. Improving glycemic control delays the onset and progression of diabetes complications.The purpose of this study was The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and emotion-oriented therapy on glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients.
Materials and Methods: This experimental study was a post-test pre-test by control group. The statistical population of all people with type 2 diabetes who referred to Sabzevar Diabetes Clinic in 1398. 45 were randomly placed in three groups (mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, emotion-oriented therapy and control). Patients' blood glucose was measured using a fasting blood glucose. SPSS24 software and descriptive and analytical statistics (covariance) were used to analyze the data.
Results: The analysis showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy had a positive and significant effect on glycemic control (P <0.05). Emotion-oriented therapy had a positive and significant effect on glycemic control (P <0.05). Both training methods mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and emotion-oriented therapy, there is no significant difference in post-test scores (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: Considering the significant effect of methods mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and emotion-oriented therapy on glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients, it is suggested to use these two methods to improving glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients.