Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

2 Instructor, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran

3 BSN, Clinical Research Development Unit of Taleghani Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

Introduction: Today, discriminatory behaviors of health workers towards people with AIDS are common practices. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of online micro-learning and brainstorming on nursing students' awareness about mistreatment of HIV/AIDS patients.
Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 90 nursing students were selected and randomly assigned into three groups. After a pre-test of students’ knowledge about discriminatory behaviors, the first group was educated through online micro-learning method and the second group was educated through brainstorming in the skyroom. The control group did not receive any education. Finally, the post-test was done immediately in three groups.
Results: The results showed significant differences between pre-test and post-test of students’ knowledge in the online micro-learning(p=0.001) and online brainstorming (0.001) groups. But there was no difference in the control group (p=0.125). Also, after education, a significant difference was seen between the mean scores of knowledges in three groups (p=0.001). The post-hoc tests showed significant differences between control, brainstorming (p=0.003) and micro-learning groups (p=0.009), but there was no difference between brainstorming and micro-learning groups. 
Conclusion: Findings showed that the both online teaching methods, micro-learning and brainstorming, could increase students’ awareness of discriminatory behaviors towards HIV/AIDS patients. Considering the importance of virtual education due to Coronavirus pandemic, it is suggested to use these two online methods to enhance students’ knowledge.

Keywords

Main Subjects

  1.  

    1. HIV/AIDS: World Health Organization; 2021 [updated 30 Nov 2021; cited 2021]. Available from: https://who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hiv-aids.
    2. Gharacheh M, Ranjbar F. Editorial Letter” HIV-related Stigma: A Dilemma in the Prevention of HIV Spread. Iran Journal of Nursing. 2018;31(114):1-5.
    3. Adam B, Elliott R, Corriveau P. How criminalization is affecting people living with HIV in Ontario: Ontario HIV Treatment Network. 2012. Available from: https://www.ohtn.on.ca/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/B-Adam-OHTN-Criminalization-2012.pdf
    4. McKenzie AG. An HIV Educational Tool to Increase Non-HIV Provider Knowledge on the Approach and Management of HIV Patients [dissertation on the Internet]. Brandman University; 2017. [cited 2022 Jul 8]. Available from: https://www.proquest.com/openview/66e6a3d8bd6df22a700e873aefe173d8/1.pdf?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750
    5. Gholami Fesharaki M, Mohamadian M. The Effectiveness of Training Communication Skills of Emergency Medical Staff on Patients Satisfaction Attitudes. Journal of Nursing Education. 2018;7(3):28-33.
    6. Almendra MPR. Competency-based learning for motivation and academic performance in a pre-calculus course. Am J Educ Res. 2019;7(1):58-63.
    7. Bawaneh AK, Moumene ABH. Flipping the Classroom for Optimizing Undergraduate Students’ Motivation and Understanding of Medical Physics Concepts. EURASIA J Math Sci Tech Ed. 2020;16(11) :em1899. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/8561
    8. De Gagne JC, Park HK, Hall K, Woodward A, Yamane S, Kim SS. Microlearning in health professions education: scoping review. JMIR medical education. 2019;5(2):e13997.
    9. Shank P. Microlearning, macrolearning. What does research tell us? eLearning Industry; 2018. Available from: https://elearningindustry.com/microlearning-macrolearning-research-tell-us
    10. Anthony Jr R. Cognitive load theory and the role of learner experience: An abbreviated review for educational practitioners. AACE Review (formerly AACE Journal). 2008;16(4):425-39.
    11. Chisholm, L. (2005). Micro-learning in the Lifelong Learning Context. In T. Hug, M. Lindner, P. A. Bruck (Eds.) Microlearning: Emerging concepts, practices and technologies after e-Learning (pp. 5-6). Proceedings of Microlearning 2005. Retrieved August 1, 2019 from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/246822097.
    12. Cagande JLL, Jugar RR. The flipped classroom and college physics students' motivation and understanding of kinematics graphs. Issues in Educational Research. 2018;28(2):288-307.
    13. Ford JK, Baldwin TT, Prasad J. Transfer of training: The known and the unknown. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. 2018;5:201-25.
    14. Iqbal MZ, Alaskar M, Alahmadi Y, Alhwiesh BA, Mahrous AA. Perceptions of residents on the microlearning environment in postgraduate clinical training. Education research international. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9882120
    15. Shirvani M, Porkar R. How Do EFL Students Perceive Brainstorming in L2 Writing Classes? Theory and Practice in Language Studies. 2021;11(12):1602-9.
    16. Chen W-T, Han M, Holzemer WL. Nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practice related to HIV transmission in northeastern China. AIDS Patient Care and STDs. 2004;18(7):417-22.
    17. Afsar Kazerooni P, Heidari AR, Sayadi M, Sabet M, Etemad K, M L. Stigma and Practices by Nurses toward Patients with HIV/AIDS in Selected Hospitals of Shiraz. Iranian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine.16(55):1-8. Persian.
    18. .Geuna S, Giacobini‐Robecchi M. The use of brainstorming for teaching human anatomy. The Anatomical Record: An Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists. 2002;269(5):214-6.
    19. Goswami B, Jain A, Koner BC. Evaluation of brainstorming session as a teaching-learning tool among postgraduate medical biochemistry students. International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research. 2017;7(Suppl 1):S15–S18. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijabmr.IJABMR_191_17.
    20. Rahbar A, Hamidinasab S, Bakhshi Parikhani S. The effect of teaching methods of brain presenting on the creativity and academic achievement of the 7th grade male students in the first and secondary schools in the area of three Karaj, 1395-1394. Innovation & creativity in human science. 2018 [cited 2022July02];7(3 ):251-276. Available from: https://www.sid.ir/en/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=579867 [In Persian]
    21. Talebi M., Moosavi M.S., Poshneh K.. Evaluating the impact of Brainstorming and Scamper technique on promoting the creativity of architectural design skills. Journal of technology of education (journal of technology and education. 2020;14(3 (55) ):689-706. Available from: https://www.sid.ir/en/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=828056
    22. Fikriyah W, Shofiyani A, editors. Implementasi Of the Brainstorming Method to Improve Learning Outcomes of Aqidah Akhlak Subjects. Multidiscipline International Conference 2021. December 18th 2021, Page. 21-26. Available from: https://ejournal.unwaha.ac.id/index.php/ICMT/article/view/2192/896
    23. Lee Y-M, Jahnke I, Austin L. Mobile microlearning design and effects on learning efficacy and learner experience. Educational Technology Research and Development. 2021;69(2):885-915.
    24. Gawlik K, Guo J, Tan A, Overcash J. Incorporating a microlearning wellness intervention into nursing student curricula. Nurse Educator. 2021;46(1):49-53.
    25. Mohammed GS, Wakil K, Nawroly SS. The effectiveness of microlearning to improve students’ learning ability. International Journal of Educational Research Review. 2018;3(3):32-8.
    26. Emerson LC, Berge ZL. Microlearning: Knowledge management applications and competency-based training in the workplace. Knowledge Management & E-Learning. 2018; 10(2): 125–132.