Dorna Ajdari; Mehrdad Shariati; Mokhtar Mokhtari
Volume 20, Issue 2 , May and June 2013, , Pages 133-141
Abstract
Introduction and Aim: Nowedays vitamin A consumption to compensate for the lack of it in the body or healing of skin disorders without considering respective side effects is so common.In this research the protective effect of saffron hydro alcoholic extracts on liver enzymes following vitamin A ...
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Introduction and Aim: Nowedays vitamin A consumption to compensate for the lack of it in the body or healing of skin disorders without considering respective side effects is so common.In this research the protective effect of saffron hydro alcoholic extracts on liver enzymes following vitamin A toxicity was investigated .
Materials and Methods: In the experimental study 48 rats were divided into 6 groups of 8 , namely control, sham and 4experimental.Control group didn’t received anythings , sham group received only distilled water. The experimental group 1 Number 1 received saffron hydro alcoholic extract with 50mg/kg dose for 15 days.Experimental groups 3, 4, 5, initially received vitamin A 50000IU for 15 days. The experimental groups 4,5 received saffron hydro alcoholic extract with 50,80 (mg/kg )dose for 15 days. At the end of this period ,blood was collected from the hearts for measuring the amounts of AST ,ALT and ALP.Obtained data were statistically analyzed using statistical tests including one way variance analysis and tukey test . P
Heyva Mahmoodi; Abbas Abolghasemi; Esmail Soleimani
Volume 16, Issue 3 , September and October 2009, , Pages 134-141
Abstract
Background and Purpose: It is believed that insecure attachment styles and immature defense mechanisms render individuals vulnerable to cigarette and substance use; these people experience more negative emotions and have fewer options for reducing psychological distresses. The aim of the present research ...
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Background and Purpose: It is believed that insecure attachment styles and immature defense mechanisms render individuals vulnerable to cigarette and substance use; these people experience more negative emotions and have fewer options for reducing psychological distresses. The aim of the present research was to investigate the role of attachment styles defense mechanisms and health status in discriminating cigarette-smoker students from non-smokers. Methods and Materials: This research is a case-control study. The research sample consisted of 100 cigarette-smoker and 100 non-smoker students selected from among the students of University of Mohaghegh Ardabili. Data collection was done through the use of Attachment Styles Scale Defense Style Questionnaire and General Health Survey. In order to analyze the data discriminant analysis was used in SPSS 14. Results: The results indicated that 71 percent of the variance of insecurity of attachment style immature defense mechanisms and health status can account for the only function between groups of smokers and non-smokers. The discriminant function obtained was classified correctly with the concurrent method for 94.5% of smokers and through step-by-step method for 93.5% of non-smokers. Conclusion: The results indicated that cigarette-smoking and nonsmoking university students can be discriminated through their immature defense mechanisms insecure attachment styles and health status.
R ZARDOUZ; MR TADAYYONFAR; F RAHNAMA; R AKBARZADEH; Z ESTAJI; L NAJAR
Volume 13, Issue 3 , September and October 2006, , Pages 134-139
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Life style is the style one adopts throughout life and is considered as one of the important factors in mental and physical health. It is also affected by culture, race religion, geographical, economical and social factor, as well as by beliefs. The present study was conducted ...
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Background and Purpose: Life style is the style one adopts throughout life and is considered as one of the important factors in mental and physical health. It is also affected by culture, race religion, geographical, economical and social factor, as well as by beliefs. The present study was conducted to defermine the life style of people living Sabzevar, Iran so that, upon a good knowledge of their life style, an appropriate guide is suggested to policy makers to help people make modifications to their life style.
Methods and Materials: This research is a descriptive analytical study. People living in Sabzevar, Iran with age 18 to 65 years old were the study population, out of which 1537 subjects were selected through stratified random sampling. Instruments used for data collection were questionnaires, weight scale and a meter. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using descriptive and analytical data.
Results: According to the findings, 46.9% were men and the rest (52.4%) were women. As for the life style, dominant figures included smoking 12.2%, physical activity 37.8%, sleep disorders 54.6%, abnormal BMI in men and woman 43.2% and 56.7% respectively , solid oil use 43.3% and use of vegetables and fruit 14.4%.
Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed that the life style of people living in sabzevar(Low physical activity, obesity, smoking, inappropriate diet) is a considerable health problem and requires continuous intervention programs to being modifications into personal behaviors and life style.
Esmail Tavana; RamezanAli Khamirchi; Arash Akaberi
Volume 17, Issue 2 , July and August 2010, , Pages 135-142
Abstract
Background and Purpose: In order to artificially process, to fasten the process of production and to make up for deficiencies of the natural fermentation, most bakeries opt to use chemicals such as sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydrosulfate, and additional salt (for reducing gluten sylait and increasing ...
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Background and Purpose: In order to artificially process, to fasten the process of production and to make up for deficiencies of the natural fermentation, most bakeries opt to use chemicals such as sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydrosulfate, and additional salt (for reducing gluten sylait and increasing the dough resistance). This produces further problems and chronic health outcomes such as malnutrition, disturbance in digestion, hypertension, allergy and so on. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the levels of these chemicals used by bakeries. Methods and Materials: This cross sectional descriptive analytical study was conducted in Sabzevar, Iran during 2006-2007. Out of a total of 168 bakeries, 62 were sampled by a two-stage stratified method. PH and salt of the bread were measured by the standard method. The obtained data were analyzed t-test in SPSS 11.5. Results: Based on the results, mean PH across the four seasons was 5.76±0.39. Manual taftoon bakeries showed a higher PH than the mechanical bakeries. The independent t-test indicated that mean PH across four seasons was not statistically different for the two types of bakeries (p>0.05). Mean salt use in mechanical and manual bakeries was different but the difference was not significant across fall and winter. Conclusion: Mean PH in the bakeries is around the standard level but the salt use is a little higher than the standard level, which may be affected by the oven and flour quality.
MR AZARPAZHOUH; SR SHAHAMI
Volume 14, Issue 2 , July and August 2007, , Pages 135-140
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Type II neurofibromatosis is a dominant autosomal genetically transferred disease characterized with multiple Schwannoma and classically with bilateral vestibular Schwannoma. Schwannoma is considered as the main symptom and usually originates from cranial nerves (particularly ...
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Background and Purpose: Type II neurofibromatosis is a dominant autosomal genetically transferred disease characterized with multiple Schwannoma and classically with bilateral vestibular Schwannoma. Schwannoma is considered as the main symptom and usually originates from cranial nerves (particularly the 8th pair), nerve roots and distal nerves. In this article, one such case is reported.
The Patient: A 20-year-old patient with a history of progressive hearing loss from one year earlier was admitted. The history of the patient indicated a spinal Schwannoma surgery one year before the first visit. No familial history was recorded. On the systemic examination, only a few milk brown spots were observed. On the nervous system examination, low facial sensation along the ophthalmic and maxillary branches of the 5th pair, low OS retina reflex and left ear hearing loss were observed. MR imaging indicated hyper-intense damages in T2 phase from the cerebellar-pons angle, highlighting the mass on the right with the radio-opaque agent. Upon left occipital craniotomy, the calcified rather bleeding tumor underwent resection in the cerebellar-pons area. Pathology results confirmed Schwannoma.
Conclusion: The singleton type II neurofibromatosis is rare and consideration of the disorder seems to be essential in the diagnosis of multiple simultaneous tumors in the central nervous system.
Mohammad Seyyed Ahmadi; Hamid Arazi; Marjan Kari; Ehsan Asghari; Rambod Khajeie
Volume 19, Issue 2 , May and June 2012, , Pages 136-145
Abstract
Background and purpose: The specific preparatory activities may have different effects on various body systems which are not yet clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a single session of specific preparatory activities on humoral immunity and white blood cell (WBC) immediately ...
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Background and purpose: The specific preparatory activities may have different effects on various body systems which are not yet clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a single session of specific preparatory activities on humoral immunity and white blood cell (WBC) immediately and 24 hours after exercise in elite rock climbing athletes. Methodology: Ten elite rock climbing athletes (age 23.3±2.2 years, height 173.6 ±4.8 cm, and weight 64.5±7.3 kg) took part in this quasi-experimental study. Subjects were asked to perform specific exercises for 95 minutes (10 minutes warm up, 75 minutes climbing with different degrees of severity, and 10 minutes cool down). Blood samples were taken before exercise, immediately after exercise, and 24 hours after exercise. Data were analyzed using paired sample Student’s t-test and general linear model (p
Abdolamir Allameh; seyyed Bagher Mortazavi; Ramezan Mirzaee; Ali Khavanin; nasrollah kamaliyan
Volume 15, Issue 3 , September and October 2008, , Pages 138-143
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Noise in high intensity is one of the major physical stressors. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of stress of threshold limit value of noise with shrill and bass frequencies on antioxidation and lipid peroxidation variations of liver tissue of rabbit. Methods ...
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Background and Purpose: Noise in high intensity is one of the major physical stressors. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of stress of threshold limit value of noise with shrill and bass frequencies on antioxidation and lipid peroxidation variations of liver tissue of rabbit. Methods and Materials: This experimental study was carried out on 18 male white New Zealand rabbits at Tarbiat Modarres University in 2004. Rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: Control Group (unexposed to noise) Group 2 exposed to noise (85 dB SPL< 250-3540Hz 8 h/day 96 h) and Group 3 exposed to noise (3540Hz-20kHz 85 dB SPL 8 h/day for 96h 12 days). The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS. One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test were used for comparing means across the groups; differences at P
Ahmad Allahabadi; Akbar Ahmadi Asoor
Volume 18, Issue 2 , July and August 2011, , Pages 140-147
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Photochemical smogs، CO، NO2 and SO2 are among the major air pollutants with known effects and complications. The present study was designed to investigate the density of these pollutants in Sabzevar، Iran.
Methods and Materials: this descriptive cross-sectional study intended ...
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Background and Purpose: Photochemical smogs، CO، NO2 and SO2 are among the major air pollutants with known effects and complications. The present study was designed to investigate the density of these pollutants in Sabzevar، Iran.
Methods and Materials: this descriptive cross-sectional study intended to measure the air pollutants in different parts of Sazbevar، Iran. Sampling was done with stratified time sampling based on NIOSH 4800 and 6004 methods for SO2 and NO2، and method 6604 for CO. Sampling instruments included pump (debi 5 L/min)، impinger، detector tube and ratameter. Based on traffic intensity، four points in the city were located and observe for 12 months، three day a month and three times per day; total sample swere 324. Data analyssi was done in SPSS 16 usingdescriptive measures as well as Pearson correlation coefficient ad one-sample t-test.
Results: Significantly highest rate of CO intensity was observed in Mordad (August) (64.1 mg/m3) and Esfand (March) (63.11 mg/m3) (P
M GHAHRAMANI; M BASIRI MOGHADAM; L BADAEE
Volume 13, Issue 3 , September and October 2006, , Pages 140-144
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Sensory stimulation is one of the basic needs of human beings, particularly, for growth and development. However, preterm infants are deprived of Kinesthetic stimulation due to limitations of nursing care and occasionally due to relative isolation periods. Also, painful and additional ...
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Background and Purpose: Sensory stimulation is one of the basic needs of human beings, particularly, for growth and development. However, preterm infants are deprived of Kinesthetic stimulation due to limitations of nursing care and occasionally due to relative isolation periods. Also, painful and additional manipulations cause physiologic dystrophy (hypoxia and heartbeat changes). Therefore, this study was conducted to study the effects of field massage on the physiologic responses of preterm infants and to assure its usage.
Methods and Materials: The present study is a quasi-experimental research, conducted on 20 stable preterm infants who were selected by purposive sampling. Field massage was given for 10 days, three 15-minute times in three hours. Heart rate, respiratory rate and O2 saturation were recorded in four phases: just prior to the initiation of the intervention as the baseline time; at the eighth minute after the onset of intervention as time 1; just after the termination of intervention (the 15th minute) as time 2; and finally five minutes later (20 minutes after the initiation) as times 3.
Results: Mean heart rate was as follows: baseline time 133.29±0.58; time 1 was 139.68±0.54; time 2 was 133.31±0.57 and time 3 was 133.51±0.56. There was a significant difference between the four phases (p
MR MOHAJERI; R GOLMOHAMMADI; SM ZARGARIAN
Volume 14, Issue 3 , September and October 2007, , Pages 141-146
Abstract
Background and purpose: Genetic damages and dietary habits play important parts in colorectal cancer (CRC). p53 protein, a product of p53 gene, is the most important tumor suppressor.
The rate of p53 mutation and expression has been variously reported across anatomical regions. p53 protein has a short ...
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Background and purpose: Genetic damages and dietary habits play important parts in colorectal cancer (CRC). p53 protein, a product of p53 gene, is the most important tumor suppressor.
The rate of p53 mutation and expression has been variously reported across anatomical regions. p53 protein has a short half-life which tends to increase with mutation and is likely to be traced by immunohistochemistry. This study is intended to determine the p53 protein stability by pathological parameters across different areas in CRC.
Methods and Materials: This descriptive analytical research was conducted on 80 CRC cases admitted to Hospital in Isfahan, Iran from 2003 to 2007. p53 expression was detected by immunohistochemical methods in the samples after fixation, tissue processing and antigen retrieval. The obtained data were analyzed using chi-square.
Results: of the 80 specimens investigated, p53 protein stability was observed in 27 specimens (34%). No significant relationships were observed between p53 protein stability and tumor staging, differentiation and anatomical regions (colon and rectum) but the relationship between protein stability and mutation was significant.
Conclusion: p53 protein stability was observed in many mutated samples. Therefore, p53 protein detection in Cancer cases can be considered an important symptom of mutation signifying the prognosis and progress of cancer.
Maliheh Noori Sistani; Mehdi Moshki; Peyman Noshin
Volume 16, Issue 3 , September and October 2009, , Pages 142-149
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Meeting the physical movement requirements of community members will remarkably increase its power. Studies on the effect of self-esteem and health locus of control (HLC) in inducing healthy behaviors have provided a scientific framework for these concepts in public health and ...
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Background and Purpose: Meeting the physical movement requirements of community members will remarkably increase its power. Studies on the effect of self-esteem and health locus of control (HLC) in inducing healthy behaviors have provided a scientific framework for these concepts in public health and health psychology. The present study investigates the relationship of physical activities and self-esteem with health locus of control in athletic and non-athletic university students. Methods and Materials: The research is a case-control study involving 74 athletic university students (cases) and 74 non-athletics (controls) from Gonabad University of Medical University. Data were collected by a demographic questionnaire Self-esteem scale and MHLC-Form B. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS 11.5 using one-way ANOVA logistic regression chi-square Pearson correlation coefficient and independent t-test. Results: The findings showed that in athletic students mean internal beliefs were 28.51±3.7 influential persons 20.89±4.9 and chance 14.67±3.7 corresponding to 27.87±4.6 21.64±4.97 and 15.48±4.64 in non-athletics respectively; the differences were however not significant. But the self-esteem scores of athletics (31.2) were significantly higher than that of non-athletics (28.79) (P
Ferdovs Kord MostafaPor; Edris Bazrafshan; Farnaz Heidar Nejad
Volume 20, Issue 2 , May and June 2013, , Pages 142-153
Abstract
Background: Phenol is one of the main components concerned in the industrial wastewater. Physicochemical or conventional biological methods are usually used for the treatment of wastewater with high concentrations of phenol. At present study, the adsorption potential of phenol from aqueous solutions ...
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Background: Phenol is one of the main components concerned in the industrial wastewater. Physicochemical or conventional biological methods are usually used for the treatment of wastewater with high concentrations of phenol. At present study, the adsorption potential of phenol from aqueous solutions by Pistachio hull ash was investigated.
Materials and methods: Present study is an experimental survey that was performed in a batch system. To study the efficiency of Pistachio hull ash in phenol removal from aqueous solutions, the effect of critical variables such as contact time (15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 and 120 min), initial phenol concentration (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 100 mg/L), adsorbent dosage (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 g/L) and initial pH of solution (2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13) was investigated.
Results: Maximum adsorption capacity of the Pistachio hull ash was 327.6 mg/g at pH 5, initial concentration of 100 mg/L and reaction time 45 min, which 98.28% of the phenol was removed. The adsorption equilibriums were analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. It was found that the data fitted to Freundlich (R2=0.9436) better than Langmuir (R2=0.8395) model.
Conclusion: According to achieved results, it was observed that Pistachio hull not only was an inexpensive absorbent, but also a quite effective factor in removal of phenol from water and wastewater.
AliReza Mousavian; AmirReza Bidkhori; Omid Shahpari; MohammadTaghi Peyvandi; Mohammad Kaveh
Volume 17, Issue 2 , July and August 2010, , Pages 143-147
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Osteosarcoma is among primary bone tumors, seen mostly in long bones among young adults. Therapeutic approach to this disease consists of surgery and chemotherapy. Unfortunately, there is no access to information on its early symptoms and the high risk group. Therefore, in this ...
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Background and Purpose: Osteosarcoma is among primary bone tumors, seen mostly in long bones among young adults. Therapeutic approach to this disease consists of surgery and chemotherapy. Unfortunately, there is no access to information on its early symptoms and the high risk group. Therefore, in this study we have assessed the epidemiologic, clinical and paraclinical characteristics of osteosarcoma. Methods and Materials: This cross sectional descriptive study involved 100 cases of osteosarcoma with various ages admitted to academic hospitals in Mashad, Iran. The obtained data were analyzed statistically in SPSS 11.5. Results: There were 69 male and 29 female patients, with a mean age of 17.6±7.04 years. The most common tumor sites were femur (46%) and tibia (41%). Bone pain (56 cases), swelling (18 cases) and pathologic fractures (11 cases) were the most common complaints. Conclusion: Osteosarcoma can be recognized as a malignancy in young male adults, which is characterized mainly with pain.
Behzad Foladi; Abbas Mohammadi; Leila Ebrahimi; Ali Behzadi
Volume 22, Issue 1 , March and April 2015, , Pages 143-150
Abstract
Background and purpose: There are many factors affecting the risk of hearing loss. Smoking is one of these factors. Many studies show a link between smoking and hearing loss. However, the increase in hearing theresholds of smokers and non-smokers is less reported .This study was aimed comparing the hearingthres ...
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Background and purpose: There are many factors affecting the risk of hearing loss. Smoking is one of these factors. Many studies show a link between smoking and hearing loss. However, the increase in hearing theresholds of smokers and non-smokers is less reported .This study was aimed comparing the hearingthres holds at low frequencies among smokers and non-smokers.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study of medicine which was performed in 2012, in the health department of mahshahr city 40 male smokers and 40 non-smoking males with age range between 20 and 40 years were selected and studied by the researcher questionnaire based vestigation. The assessment of hearing loss was performed by using acoustic booth and audiometer with earphone amplivox DA260 Telephonic TDH-39P model. Data analysis were performed by using the software SPSS16 and P
Mehdi Jalali; MohammadReza Nikravesh
Volume 15, Issue 3 , September and October 2008, , Pages 144-151
Abstract
Background and Purpose: In Iranian traditional medicine it has been widely believed that camphor is a suppressor of sexual desire. Based on this idea and the few studies about this issue we examined the effect of camphor on the histological changes and spermatogenesis phenomena in the mouse reproductive ...
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Background and Purpose: In Iranian traditional medicine it has been widely believed that camphor is a suppressor of sexual desire. Based on this idea and the few studies about this issue we examined the effect of camphor on the histological changes and spermatogenesis phenomena in the mouse reproductive system. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study 24 premature male balb/c mice were selected and divided into four (2 experimental and 2 control) groups. Experimental groups 1 and 2 were administered daily 30 mg/kg body weight dissolved camphor in olive oil (orally) for 10 and 20 days respectively. The control groups received the same volume of olive oil during the same periods. At the end of the exposure time each group was anesthetized and their testes were routinely removed for obtaining serial sections and histological staining. The obtained data were analyzed using t-test. Results: The study data indicated that although the mean external diameter of the somniferous tubules did not show significant differences in experimental and control groups the mean internal diameter tubules (26/31±1/56) of the experimental groups (versus control groups 42/38±2/19) decreased by %25 and mature sexual cells (17/±3/71) in the experimental groups (versus control groups 28±3/92) decreased by %12. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that administration of camphor significantly decreased the internal diameter of Somniferous tubules and reduced maturity of sexual cells; hence affecting the reproductive system of the male mice with structural changes.
Z FARDI AZAR; SB KAMRANPOUR; R EYVAN BAGHA; M GHOUJAZADEH
Volume 13, Issue 3 , September and October 2006, , Pages 145-151
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Perineal pain is one of the most common postpartum problems in women, found in 94% of women undergoing episiotomys it brings about undesirable complications on the physical and mental health of mothers and their relationship with infants. This study was conducted to compare the ...
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Background and Purpose: Perineal pain is one of the most common postpartum problems in women, found in 94% of women undergoing episiotomys it brings about undesirable complications on the physical and mental health of mothers and their relationship with infants. This study was conducted to compare the effects of Acetaminophen tablets, Diclofenac suppositories and ice packs or relieving th perineal pain after episiotomy.
Methods and Materials: In this randomized clinical trial, 180 primiparous women with mediolateral were selected and randomly assigned into three groups (taking tablets, suppositories and using ice packs respectively) each with 60 subjects upon the onset of post-episiotomy pain the intensity of pain was measured through a 10-rate numerical scale before and after treatment. 50-mg Diclofenac suppositories (maximum 3 doses until the pain relieved) were given to the first group. The second group received 325-mg Acetaminophen tablets (maximum 4 doses until the pain relieved) and the third group used ice packs (on the basis of individual needs).
Descriptive statistics as well as non-parametric tests, frequent measurement (Friedman), Kruskal Wallis, and Wilcoxon were used in SPSS to analyze the obtained data.
Results: The results indicated that perineal pain significantly decreased in the three groups. However, the ice packs were more effective than Diclofenac suppositories and the latter was more effective than Acetaminophen tablets.
Conclusion: Encouraging patients and health workers to use non-pharmaceutical procedures and to avoid medicinal intervention seem to be necessary in order to reduce complications and saving time and expenses.
Maliheh Sarviyeh; Hossein Akbari; Fakhrosaadat Mirhosseini; Hamidreza Baradaran; Afsaneh Hemati; Jalil Kohpayezadeh
Volume 21, Issue 1 , March and April 2015, , Pages 145-154
Abstract
Background: Direct observation is a method for objective assessment of practical skills and giving feedback to the students. This study investigated the reliability and validity testing direct observation of practical skills in the assessment of midwifery students’ clinical skills.
Material and Method: ...
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Background: Direct observation is a method for objective assessment of practical skills and giving feedback to the students. This study investigated the reliability and validity testing direct observation of practical skills in the assessment of midwifery students’ clinical skills.
Material and Method: In this cross-sectional study, participants included 44 midwifery students Internship of Kashan University Medical Sciences selected through census sampling method. Based on faculty members of Guilan, Kashan and Zahedan universities’ opinions foure midwifery skills choosed among the basice clinical skills and prepared related check list. Students were obzerved over the procedure in a real work environment by the experimenter and recorded the results according to the check list and objective feedback was given to the students. Content validity - criterion validity (correlation between mean score of clinical and theoretical courses of midwifery and dops - Each item relationship with dops each skill) - validity (internal structure), reliability (internal consistency determination - rater reliability) was analyzed using the SPSS software.
Result: Dops test content validity index and content validity ratio were reported over 0.75% and 0.50%, respectively.Dops scores correlated with theoretical, 0.071 (p =0.647) and clinical 0.093 (p =0.548).The dops significantly correlated with the total score of each skill expressing the desired internal validity (p
Eskandar Rahimi; Mehdi Mogharnasi; Mohsen Paziraei
Volume 19, Issue 2 , May and June 2012, , Pages 146-155
Abstract
Background and purpose: Recent reports suggest that increased homocysteine is a risk factor for heart disease. On the other hand, regular exercise and supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids have been effective in reducing these diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interaction effect ...
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Background and purpose: Recent reports suggest that increased homocysteine is a risk factor for heart disease. On the other hand, regular exercise and supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids have been effective in reducing these diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interaction effect of 8 weeks of aerobic training and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on plasma homocysteine concentration in elderly men. Materials and methods: The statistical sample for this experimental study consisted of 36 male non-athletes in the age range of 57.37±3.37 years. They were selected from Genaveh, Iran, and randomly divided into 4 groups: exercise with omega-3 supplements, exercise with placebo, omega-3 supplementation, and placebo intake. The 8-week endurance exercise program included 3 sessions per week with pre-determined duration (30-45 minutes) and intensity (55-70% HRmax). Daily dosage of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation was 2000 mg. Blood samples were taken after 14 hours of fasting before the study and 48 hours after the last training session. Results: The results showed that, despite a decline by 3.6% in the exercise + omega-3 fatty acids group, 12.4% in the placebo + exercise group (due to higher basal values of this group), and 2.8% in the omega-3 supplement group, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation could not create a significant decrease in plasma homocysteine concentration (p≥0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that aerobic exercise and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation are associated with a non-significant but tangible decrease in plasma homocysteine concentration as a new risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.
MH ESMAEILI; AA VAFAEI
Volume 14, Issue 3 , September and October 2007, , Pages 147-153
Abstract
Background and purpose: Opioids such as morphine are over used during pregnancy. These substances can probably induce long–term behavioral and psychological alterations (particularly learning and memory alterations) in exposed infants. This study was conducted to determine the effects of prenatal morphine ...
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Background and purpose: Opioids such as morphine are over used during pregnancy. These substances can probably induce long–term behavioral and psychological alterations (particularly learning and memory alterations) in exposed infants. This study was conducted to determine the effects of prenatal morphine exposure on the retrieval of spatial memory in rats.
Methods and Materials: In this experimental research, 18 pregnant wistar rats were assigned into three groups: The control group, the saline group and the morphine group. The control group received nothing but the saline and morphine groups received subcutaneus 0.5 mg saline and morphine (5mg/kg for 3 days and 10 mg/kg for 5 days) respectively, twice a day on 11-18 gestational days. After birth, 30 exposed pups of 90 days were trained in an 8-arm radial maze apparatus and their retrieval of spatial memory was assessed 48 hours and 1 week after training.
Results: The injection of morphine during pregnancy can seriously impair the retreival of spatial memory in childeren so that correct responses in the morphine- group rats were far less than correct responses in other groups, on the retrieval days (48 hours and 1 week after training ).
Conclusion: According to the findings, prenatal morphine exposure can impair the retrieval of spatial memory.
Javad Mirnajafi-zade; Ali Gorji; Yaghoob Fathollahi; Mahyar Janahmadi; Parviz shahabi; Hadi Kazemi
Volume 18, Issue 3 , September and October 2011, , Pages 148-157
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Spreading depression (SD) is a neuronal-glyal depolarization، with a possible role in different neurological disorders including epilepsy and migraine aura. Initiation and propagation of SD modulate excitability of neuronal network. The aim of the present study was to investigate ...
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Background and Purpose: Spreading depression (SD) is a neuronal-glyal depolarization، with a possible role in different neurological disorders including epilepsy and migraine aura. Initiation and propagation of SD modulate excitability of neuronal network. The aim of the present study was to investigate electrophysiological characteristics of neurons of the lateral amygdala in the late phase of excitability during SD. Methods and Materials: In this experimental study، 6 male rats were used. We used horizontal amygdala-hippocampus-neocortex slice in which SD was induced by KCl application in each brain structure. After superfusion of these slices with GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline (1.25 µmol/L) for 45 min، initiation of SD evoked ictal epileptic activity in all tested slices. The induction of SD in the lateral amygdala resulted in presence of interictal and ictal epileptiform field potentials and intracellular paroxysmal shift (PDS). For data analysis، paired t-test and one-way ANOVA were used in Sigma Stat 3 software. Results: The results demonstrated that SD moved the resting membrane potential (before -60.3±0.5 and after -52.8±0.78) towards depolarization after inducing the spreading depression in lateral Amygdale (P
Esfandyar Sharifi; Maryam ShahAmir Tabatabayi; Mokhtar Mokhtari
Volume 17, Issue 3 , September and October 2010, , Pages 148-157
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Diabetes Mellitus is the most important metabolic disease which can lead to hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Since herbal medicines are rich in natural antioxidants and are associated with few complications, the effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of Ceratonia siliqua L. seeds ...
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Background and Purpose: Diabetes Mellitus is the most important metabolic disease which can lead to hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Since herbal medicines are rich in natural antioxidants and are associated with few complications, the effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of Ceratonia siliqua L. seeds on the blood glucose and lipids of male diabetic rats were investigated in this study. Methods and Materials: In this experimental study, 56 male mature Wistar rats weighing 210-250 gr were randomly allocated into 7 groups of 8: control group with no treatment, a group daily receiving distilled water, a control group treated with hydroalcoholic extract of Ceratonia siliqua L. seeds (600 mg/kg), a control diabetic group receiving only strptozetocin; and three experimental groups (groups 1, 2, and 3) receiving 600, 300 and 100 mg/kg of oral hydroalcoholic extract of Ceratonia siliqua L. seeds for 16 days respectively, in addition to becoming diabetic by strptozetocin. At the end of experiments, blood samples were prepared from all groups and their blood lipids and sugar were measured. The obtained data were analyzed in SPPS 18 using ANOVA, with P
Physiology & Pharmacology
Fereshteh Iranmanesh; Amir Mousaei Amin; Amir Rahnama; Aliakbar Malaki Rad; Ali Shmasizadeh
Volume 24, Issue 3 , July and August 2017, , Pages 149-156
Abstract
Background & Objectives: The etiology of some liver diseases is unknown, but oxidative stress has an important role in liver pathogenesis. Pistachio (Pistacia Vera) has compounds with known antioxidant properties, including coenzyme 10, vitamin E and beta-carotene. This study designed to evaluate ...
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Background & Objectives: The etiology of some liver diseases is unknown, but oxidative stress has an important role in liver pathogenesis. Pistachio (Pistacia Vera) has compounds with known antioxidant properties, including coenzyme 10, vitamin E and beta-carotene. This study designed to evaluate protective effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Pistacia Vera on liver enzymes following induction of hepatotoxicity.
Materials & methods: In this experimental study 40 male rats (200-250 g) were divided into five experimental groups. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was used to induce hepatic toxicity. In normal group, no intervention was done. Vehicle group received intraperitoneal injection of 50% CCl4. Treatment groups were gavaged by three doses of Pistacia Vera hydro-alcoholic extract (10, 50 and 100 mg/kg) for 1 month. Plasma activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total blood protein, plasma concentration of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were measured.
Results: Gavage of different doses of pistachio extract in rats poisoned by CCl4 leads to decrease in plasma activity of AST and ALT and also the plasma concentration of LDL, while the plasma activity of ALP and plasma concentration of total protein and HDL were not changed in these animals.
Conclusion: Result of this study demonstrated that chronic gavage of pistachio hydro-alcoholic extract could decrease hepatotoxicity induced by CCl4. More investigation is needed for possible clinical usage of pistachio on liver insufficiency.
Mehrdad Mirza Rahimi; Mahbobeh Gholami Robatsangi; Reza Saeidi; Maryam Amiri Tehrani Zadeh
Volume 16, Issue 3 , September and October 2009, , Pages 150-154
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Bili-Check is a simple method used to provide a rapid pain-free and noninvasive transcutaneous estimation of total serum bilirubin. The present study was conducted to compare estimates of serum bilirubin using Bili-Check (TCB) with total serum bilirubin (TSB) values determined ...
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Background and Purpose: Bili-Check is a simple method used to provide a rapid pain-free and noninvasive transcutaneous estimation of total serum bilirubin. The present study was conducted to compare estimates of serum bilirubin using Bili-Check (TCB) with total serum bilirubin (TSB) values determined in a clinical laboratory. Methods and Materials: This is a deh1ive analytical cross-sectional study conducted in Ghaem Hospital NICU from September 2008 to March 2008. With a confidence interval of 95% and test power of 80% 109 neonates were selected through convenient non-randomized sampling as the study sample. TSB was determined in a clinical laboratory using the diazo with photometric method. Then within 10 minutes transcutaneous measurements were performed via Bili-Check. Data analysis was done in SPSS11.5 using correlation coefficient. Results: From 109 neonates included in the study 75 were male (68.8%) and 34 female (31.2%) with an age range of 1 to 26 days. Mean serum Bilirubin was 12.979 and TCB estimate was 12.219. Laboratory findings highly correlated with the results of TCB (r=0.766) (P=0.0001). Conclusion: Bili-Check has the sufficient adequacy as the measurement and observation device for neonates and can replace serum bilirubinometry in laboratory fro Icteric neonates.
Meisam Salimabadi; Esmaeil Zarei; Masoud MAtlabi Kashani; Mohammad Sabahi Bidgoli; Aliasghar Khajevandi; Fatemeh Honarjoo; Vali Sarsangi
Volume 22, Issue 1 , March and April 2015, , Pages 151-159
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Nurses are the professionals who are doing important work in the hospital and always are exposed to occupational injuries. Safety climate that is important factor is measured by using quantity questionnaire and show a snapshot of organization safety Status. To assess safety ...
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Background & Objectives: Nurses are the professionals who are doing important work in the hospital and always are exposed to occupational injuries. Safety climate that is important factor is measured by using quantity questionnaire and show a snapshot of organization safety Status. To assess safety climate, a valid and reliable tool is needed. The aim of this study was developing and psychometric questionnaire to assess safety climate among the nurses.
Materials & Methods: This psychometric study was conducted among the 480 nurses in five hospitals in Iran. Using nurse's safety literature and other nurse's safety climate questionnaire, a 25 items questionnaire was developed. Face validity, content validity by using quality and quantity methods, construct validity by using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses was examined. To evaluate the questionnaire reliability the internal consistency and test-retest reliability method was used. The data was analyses by spssv16 and lisrelv8.5.
Results: The content validity index of questionnaire was estimated. Exploratory factor analyses extracted 6 factors with 60.69 percent of total variance. RMSEA, GFI and AGFI indexes were estimated 0.050, 0.92 and 0.89. Cronbach's alpha was calculated 0.79 and Pierson coefficient showed significant correlation between test and retest results (p
Mahshid Mohammadipoor; Kazem Parivar; MohammadAli Shokrgozar; Naser Masrori; Ahmad Reza Kamyab; raheleh Halabian; Mehryar Habibi Roudkenar
Volume 15, Issue 3 , September and October 2008, , Pages 152-157
Abstract
Background and purpose: Factor VII is one of the important coagulation factors in extrinsic blood coagulation pathway which can resolve the use of FVIII and FIX for hemophilia patients by activating FX. Recombinant expression of this factor can eliminate the potential problems in preparing those factors ...
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Background and purpose: Factor VII is one of the important coagulation factors in extrinsic blood coagulation pathway which can resolve the use of FVIII and FIX for hemophilia patients by activating FX. Recombinant expression of this factor can eliminate the potential problems in preparing those factors from plasma and the risk of transferring hematological diseases. Therefore the present study intended to investigate the expression of recombinant FVII at a higher level using Gateway technology and TOPO cloning. Methods and Materials: In this experimental study Factor VII cDNA was isolated from HepG2 cell line by PCR and cloned to prokaryote TOPO vector by TOPO cloning reaction. The recombinant vector was extracted for bacterial colonies after screening and was used in Gateway adapted Baculovirus DNA by LR recombination reaction. The recombinant virus was transfected onto insect cell line and the expression of the protein was analyzed after necessary screening. Findings of the protein expression via ELISA were presented in triadic (Mean ± SD); the differences across the three groups were investigated using Student t-test. Results: Cloning and recombination reaction analysis by PCR determined cloning of rFVII in high accuracy (≥90%) in the vectors. High level expression of recombinant FVII was confirmed by SDS-PAGE ELISA and Western blot analysis (30μg/ml). The highest expression level was produced on the 7th day after transfection (1.960±0.076). Determined by ELISA this result was negatively significant in the transfected sample (P