نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 مربی، گروه پرستاری مراقبت‌های ویژه، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جهرم، جهرم، ایران
2 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی، تهران، ایران.
3 استادیار، گروه سالمندی، مرکز تحقیقات سالمندی ، دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی، تهران، ایران.
4 متخصص، گروه داخلی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی‌درمانی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
5 تکنسین، گروه اتاق عمل و فوریت‌های پزشکی، دانشکده پیراپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی‌درمانی استان لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران.
چکیده
اهداف افزایش سن موجب بروز نقایص جسمانی و شناختی سالمندان شده و با سلامتی آن‌ها تداخل می‌کند. ازجمله نقایصی که درحال حاضر توجه عده زیادی از متخصصان را به خود جلب کرده است، اختلالات شناختی سالمندان است که از مشکلات شایع این دوران است. هدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی فراوانی اختلال شناختی در سالمندان مقیم آسایشگاه شهر خرم‌آباد است.
مواد و روش ها در یک مطالعه مقطعی از نوع توصیفی-تحلیلی، 70 نفر از سالمندان مقیم خانه سالمندان صدیق شهر خرم‌آباد به روش سرشماری وارد مطالعه شدند. از پرسش‌نامه استاندارد بررسی وضعیت شناختیMini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) به عنوان ابزار جمع‌آوری داده‌ها استفاده شد. داده‌ها پس از جمع‌آوری وارد نرم‌افزار spss (نسخه 16) شدند و با آمار توصیفی و استنباطی (آزمون کای اسکوئر) تجزیه و تحلیل شدند.
یافته ها از 70 نفر سالمند شرکت کننده در نمونه، 48 نفر (68/6%) زن بودند. میانگین گروههای سنی 5/4±6/69 سال، حداقل 60 و حداکثر 91 سال بود. از نظر شیوع اختلال شناختی به طور کلی 74/3% از سالمندان دارای درجاتی از اختلال شناختی بودند که 27/1% اختلال شناختی خفیف، 34/3% اختلال متوسط و 22/9% اختلال شناختی شدید داشتند.
نتیجه گیری با توجه به شیوع فراوان اختلال شناختی، پیشنهاد می‌شود با انجام اقداماتی مثل کاهش استرس، انجام فعالیت‌های ورزشی مناسب و رفتاردرمانی، بروز اختلال شناختی را کنترل کرد یا به تأخیر انداخت و افراد مبتلا را هر چه سریع‌تر شناسایی کرد. انجام مطالعات مشابه در سالمندان مقیم جامعه پیشنهاد می‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Nursing Home Residents
نویسندگان [English]
- Maryam Mirzaei 1
- Elham Sepahvand 2
- Robab Sahaf 3
- Samaneh Mirzaei 4
- Ahmad Pakdel 5
1 Lecturer, Department of Critical Care Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
2 PhD Student, Department of Nursing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Ageing, Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4 Expertise, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Tehran, Iran.
5 Technician, Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Paramedicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khoramabad, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Backgrounds Physical and cognitive impairment in the elderly interferes in their health. Cognitive impairment, as a common complication in the elderly, attracted the attention of many specialists. The current study aimed at assessing the psychological disorders in the elderly living in nursing homes in Khorramabad, Iran.
Methods & Materials The current descriptive-analytical study employed census method to evaluate 70 residents of Sedigh Nursing Home in Khorramabad, 2014. Data were collected by the standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to assess cognitive status. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16, and descriptive and inferential statistics tests (Chi-square).
Results Out of 70 study subjects, 48 (68.6%) were female. The mean age of the subjects was 5.6±4.69 years; ranged 60 to 91 years. Generally, 74.3% of the subjects had different levels of cognitive impairment; (27.1%) mild, (34.3%) moderate, and (22.9%) severe.
Conclusion Based on the high prevalence of cognitive impairment among the study subjects, it is recommended to employ measures such as reducing stress and doing proper exercises and cognitive behavior therapies to manage or postpone cognitive impairments. Also, early diagnosis of cognitive impairment in the elderly is recommended. Future well designed studies on community-dwelling older adults are suggested.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Cognitive impairment
- elderly
- Nursing homes
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