نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، مرکز تحقیقات تکنولوژی بهداشت محیط، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی‌درمانی ایران، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی‌درمانی تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی‌درمانی سبزوار، سبزوار، ایران.

4 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی‌درمانی ایران، تهران، ایران.

10.21859/sums-2306888

چکیده

اهداف یکی از راه‌های مدیریت بهینه مواد زائد جامد، بازیافت آن است که دارای صرفه اقتصادی و فواید زیست‌محیطی درخور توجهی است. بدون اطلاع از میزان زباله و اجزای تشکیل‌دهنده آن، امکان برنامه‌ریزی دقیق و بهینه‌سازی سیستم مدیریت پسماند وجود ندارد. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی کمی، کیفی و پتانسیل بازیافت پسماندهای خشک شهری مناطق 13‌گانه شهر مشهد است.
مواد و روش ها این مطالعه در طول سال 1391 به مدت 12 ماه در 13 منطقه شهری مشهد انجام شد. این پژوهش نیازمند به دانستن آنالیز فیزیکی مواد زائد شهری بود؛ بنابراین از اطاعات و آنالیز آماری سازمان پسماند شهری مشهد استفاده شد.
یافته ها اجزای خشک موجود در پسماند مطالعه‌شده شامل کاغذ و مقوا 46/7 درصد ، نان خشک 10/8 درصد، پلاستیک 7/9 درصد، فلزات 8/6 درصد، شیشه 5 درصد و دیگر موارد 20 درصد بودند. ارتباط معناداری میان میزان مواد زائد تولیدی در ماه‌های تابستان و زمستان بود. کل درآمد حاصل از فروش مواد بازیافتی000. 14.793.458ریال بود و درآمد حاصل از فروش کاغذ بازیافتی نسبت به دیگر پسماندهای خشک بیشتر است.
نتیجه گیری مقدار پسماند خشک بازیافت شده 26.15% بود. پیشنهاد می‌شود که با انجام مطالعات جامع و مدیریت مناسب می توان درصد بازیافت زائدات خشک را به نحو موثری افزایش داد، به علاوه بازیافت صحیح موجب درآمدزایی و ایجاد اشتغال در این بخش خواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Rate of Solid Waste Production in Mashhad, Iran, 2012

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Farzadkia 1
  • Leila Ghasemi 2
  • Ahmad Alah Abadi 3
  • Ayoob Rastegar 4

1 Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

2 MSc. Student, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.

4 PhD Student, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Objectives Recycling is one of the methods to improve the management of solid waste, which has considerable economic and environmental benefits. Without knowing the amount of the waste and its components, the possibility of planning and optimizing the waste management system is impossible. The current study aimed at investigating the recycling potential of solid wastes in 13 municipal districts of Mashhad, Iran, quantitatively and qualitatively.
Methods The current study was conducted in 2013 in 13 municipal districts of Mashhad. To conduct the study, it was necessary to know the physical analysis of municipal waste solid; therefore, the latest data of Waste Management Organization of Mashhad were used.
Results The solid ingredients of the studied waste were paper and cardboard (46.7%), bread (10.8%), plastics (9.7%), metals (6.8%), and glasses (5%), respectively. There was a significant difference between the mean of the studied solid waste in winter and summer months. The total proceeds from the recycled materials was about US$ 369 836.45. The proceeds from the recycled metals was even more than that of other dry waste.
Conclusion The recycled dry solid waste compromised 26.15% of the total dry solid waste. It is suggested to establish a waste separation system and also systematize the existing recycling industries in Mashhad according to the regulations to reduce the amount of solid waste, mange the costs and benefits result from Mashhad solid waste, and create new job opportunities and sources of income.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Municipal waste
  • Solid waste
  • Recycling
  • Mashhad Municipality
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