نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشجوی کمیته تحقیقات، گروه پرستاری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار ، ایران
2 استادیار، گروه . ، طب سالمندی گروه سالمندی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سمنان، ، ایران
3 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه اپیدمیولوژی و آمار، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، ایران
4 دانشیار آموزش پرستاری، گروه پرستاری داخلی و جراحی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات سلامت سالمندان، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار، ایران
چکیده
سابقه و هدف: با پیشرفت تغییرات شناختی سالمندان؛ فعالیت های روزانه و عملکردهای اجتماعی آنان تحت تاثیر قرار می گیرد. هدف از این مطالعه تعیین وضعیت شناختی و عوامل مرتبط با آن در سالمندان شهر سبزوار بود.
مواد و روش کار: این پژوهش یک مطالعه مقطعی از نوع توصیفی-تحلیلی می باشد که در سال 1401 در شهر سبزوار انجام شد. در این پژوهش 350 سالمند بالای 60 سال به روش خوشه ای از مراکز بهداشت شهری وارد مطالعه شدند. برای جمع آوری اطلاعات از پرسشنامه های دموگرافیک، مقیاس افسردگی سالمندان (GDS-15) و پرسشنامه استاندارد معاینه مختصر وضعیت شناختی (MMSE) استفاده گردید. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از آمار توصیفی (میانگین، انحراف معیار و جداول توزیع فراوانی) و آمار استنباطی (رگرسیون لجستیک چندگانه) انجام شد.
یافته ها: میانگین سن 66/85±6/64با حداقل سن 60 و حداکثر سن 88 سال بود. نتایج نشان داد 75 درصد
سالمندان دارای وضعیت شناختی طبیعی و 25 درصد دارای اختلال شناختی بودند. با استفاده از مدل رگرسیون
لجستیک چندگانه، سن ( OR=1.07 و P=0.003) ، وضعیت تاهل ( OR=3.01 و P=0.03) ، تعداد فرزندان ( OR=1.24 و P=0.02) ، نوع سکونت ( OR=4.09 و P=0.001)، شغل ( OR=3.09و P=0.04)، شاخص توده بدنی ( OR=0.9 و P=0.006)، رژیم غذایی(OR=5.55 و P=0.01)و افسردگی (OR=2.92 و P=0.03)با وضعیت شناختی، رابطه آماری
معنی داری داشت.
نتیجه گیری: با توجه به فراوانی اختلالات شناختی در سالمندان پیشنهاد می شود مراقبین سلامت غربالگری شناختی را در سالمندان انجام دهند تا جهت جلوگیری از پیشرفت آسیب های شاختی در این گروه آسیب پذیر برنامه ریزی لازم صورت گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Assessment of Cognitive Status and Factors Related to It in the Elderly of Sabzevar City in 2022
نویسندگان [English]
- Vajihe Jafari 1
- Mohammad Bodaghabadi 2
- Mohammad Bidkhori 3
- Mostafa Rad 4
1 MSc Nursing Student, Student Research Committee, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
3 Ph.D Candidate, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iranian Research Center of Healthy Aging, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
چکیده [English]
Introduction: Daily activities and social functions of the elderly are affected with
the progress of their cognitive changes. The purpose of this study was to determine
the cognitive status and factors related to it in the elderly of Sabzevar city.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study was conducted in
Sabzevar city in 2022. In this research, 350 elderlies over 60 years in a cluster
method were entered to study from urban health centers. To collect information,
demographic, geriatric depression scale (GDS-15) and Mini–Mental State
Examination (MMSE) were used. Data analysis were done using descriptive statistic
(mean, standard deviation, and frequency distribution tables) and inferential statistic
(multiple logistic regression test).
Results: The mean of the age was 66.85±6.64 with a minimum 60 and a maximum
age of 88 year. The results showed that 75% of the elderly had normal cognitive
status and 25% had cognitive impairment. By using the multiple logistic regression,
age (OR = 1.07, p = 0.003), marital status (OR = 3.01, p = 0.03), number of children
(OR = 1.24, p = 0.02) type of residence (OR=4.09, p>0.001), occupation (OR=3.09,
p=0.04), body mass index (OR=0.9, p=0.006)), diet (OR = 5.55, p = 0.01) and
depression (OR = 2.92, p = 0.03) had a statistically significant relationship with
cognitive status.
Conclusion: Due to the frequency of cognitive disorders in the elderly it is suggested
that health care providers perform cognitive screening in the elderly in order to
prevent the development of cognitive impairment in this vulnerable group.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- elderly
- cognitive status
- depression
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