Original Article
Reza Ghotaslou; Tahereh pirzadeh; Aylin Esmailkhani; Abed Zahedi Bialvaie; Hamed Ebrahimzadeh Leylabadlo
Volume 29, Issue 2 , July and August 2022, Pages 179-194
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is the first formally recognized bacterial carcinogen and is one of the most effective human pathogens, as over half of the world's population is colonized with this Gram-negative bacterium. Unless treated, colonization usually persists lifelong. H. pylori infection represents a key ...
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Helicobacter pylori is the first formally recognized bacterial carcinogen and is one of the most effective human pathogens, as over half of the world's population is colonized with this Gram-negative bacterium. Unless treated, colonization usually persists lifelong. H. pylori infection represents a key factor in the etiology of the various gastrointestinal diseases, ranging from chronic active gastritis without clinical symptoms to peptic ulceration, gastric adenocarcinoma, and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALT). This review concerns some of the most recent developments in diagnostic methods of H. pylori infection and it has been studied in different clinical conditions. Only highly accurate tests should be used in clinical practice, and the sensitivity and specificity of an adequate test should exceed 90%. The choice of tests should take all items among into account clinical circumstances, the likelihood ratio of positive and negative tests, the cost-effectiveness of the testing strategy, and the availability of the tests.
Original Article
Educational
arezoo davarinia; fatemeh borzoee; Zohreh Mohammadzadeh Tabrizi; Roya Akbarzadeh; Hamideh Yazdimoghaddam
Volume 29, Issue 2 , July and August 2022, Pages 195-205
Abstract
Background & Objective: Using novel methods of clinical evaluation is an important policy of educational institutions. Logbooks are among the most effective, novel techniques of clinical activity evaluation. The present study aimed to design, implement, and evaluate an electronic logbook to enhance ...
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Background & Objective: Using novel methods of clinical evaluation is an important policy of educational institutions. Logbooks are among the most effective, novel techniques of clinical activity evaluation. The present study aimed to design, implement, and evaluate an electronic logbook to enhance the quality of evaluating operating room and anesthesiology field apprentices.Materials and Methods: This was a combined research. In the qualitative stage, field apprenticeship logbooks were developed using the Delphi method in a purpose-based manner. Following that, the web-based electronic version was designed for Android. In the quantitative stage, clinical evaluation was performed on 30 BSc students of operating room and anesthesiology at Sabzevar School of Paramedical Sciences, Iran. At the end of the semester, a satisfaction scale was completed by the students and analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: In total, operating room students of the seventh semester (n=18) and anesthesiology students of the eighth semester (n=12) were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the participants was 21-22 years. The operating room and anesthesiology students had favorable and excellent satisfaction with all the items of the clinical apprenticeship evaluation using the electronic logbook. Conclusion: According to the results, using an electronic logbook by clinical professors could enhance the performance of students and motivate students to increase their clinical competence in conducting various procedures in the operating room during the apprenticeship period.
Original Article
zeinab akbari; fatemeh esmaili dehaj; mahbobeh saberi mehr; yalda amirsasan
Volume 29, Issue 2 , July and August 2022, Pages 206-217
Abstract
Introduction and objectives: stuttering has multiple biological, cerebral, and psychological dimensions, all of which are necessary for better understanding of the disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate depression among people with and without stuttering.Method: the present study was a systematic ...
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Introduction and objectives: stuttering has multiple biological, cerebral, and psychological dimensions, all of which are necessary for better understanding of the disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate depression among people with and without stuttering.Method: the present study was a systematic review. In order to obtain related studies, studies conducted until before 15th of Ordibehesht in 1400 (May 6, 2021) were skimmed using such key terms as: depression, mental disorder, mood disorders, speech disorder, and stuttering through international databases such as WEB OF SCIENCE, SCIENCEDIRECT, SCOPUS, SPRINGER, GOOGLESCHOLAR, and internal databases such as SID, NOORMAGS, MAGIRAN, and ISC. Finally, 321 study were skimmed and 10 study were selected to meet the objectives of this study.Results: the results showed that depression in children and adolescents with stuttering is more than children and adolescents without stuttering. Likewise, the rate of depression increases with age, which is more severe in girls with stuttering. The results for depression in adults with stuttering are somewhat contradictory, though most studies have shown an increase in stuttering in adults with stuttering compared to adults without stuttering. Conclusion: it seems that depression is more common in people with stuttering than without stuttering. Therefore, in addition to solving speech problems of these people, paying more attention to mental disorder such as depression is suggested.
Original Article
dentistry
zahra baqani; samira basir shabestari; iman shirinbak; mehdi dolaty
Volume 29, Issue 2 , July and August 2022, Pages 218-230
Abstract
Introduction: Oral health has a significant impact on the complications of pregnancy and raising the awareness of health Providers, can lead to the strengthening of preventive treatments and reduce the financial burden on society. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitude ...
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Introduction: Oral health has a significant impact on the complications of pregnancy and raising the awareness of health Providers, can lead to the strengthening of preventive treatments and reduce the financial burden on society. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of medical, midwifery and nursing students of Iran University of Medical Sciences about oral health during pregnancy.Materials and Methods: During this descriptive-analytical study, which is done by a standard questionnaire, the knowledge and concern of these students in the field of oral health in pregnant women have evaluated. The questionnaire consists of two parts: demographic characteristics of the samples and their personal opinion about oral health. Results: In this study, a total of 172 students (62 nursing, 24 midwiferies and 86 medical students) participated. The knowledge score among 17 questions was minimum zero, maximum 15 and average 6.85±6.96 No significant relationship was found between knowledge score, gender and field of study. Conclusion: The level of knowledge of medical and paramedical students in the field of oral health during pregnancy is low and it is necessary to improve this awareness.
Original Article
Physical Education
parisa ghasemi; farzad nazem; masoud etemadifar; hossein saki
Volume 29, Issue 2 , July and August 2022, Pages 231-242
Abstract
Background: Scientific evidences indicated that occurance of the imbalance during walking and gait disfunction profile could be related to a multiple sclerosis conditions . Otherwise , exercise activities as a non- pharmacological agent could be effectiveness for MS persons . Aim of this study, is Pilates ...
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Background: Scientific evidences indicated that occurance of the imbalance during walking and gait disfunction profile could be related to a multiple sclerosis conditions . Otherwise , exercise activities as a non- pharmacological agent could be effectiveness for MS persons . Aim of this study, is Pilates and TRX programs intermediate on the dynamic balance , functional capacities in females with a multiple sclerosis conditions Methods: in this study 30 females with a MS conditions ( mean age : 57/7 ±41/37years ,disease history : 77/3 ± 31/11 ys and disability grade : EDSS 84/0± 81/1 ) were randomly divided into three groups of 10 people. control group, TRX and Pilates groups activated for a 8 weeks periods with a 3 days interval weekly . Dynamic balance, functional capacities variables were measured by a standard styles. Statistical analysis of data performed with a ANCOVA – ONE Way . A p value of 0.05 was set.Results: TRX and Pilates programs were induces a significantly differentces in Berg balance ,walking timing period ,TUG test , and 6 min speed walking (6MWDT ) in the two training groups and more prominently in the TRX group comparison with a control group ( p<0.05). But 2MWDT parameter in 3 groups weren,t outstanding statisticallyConclusion: Findindg indicated that TRX and Pilates programs intermediates were caused an improvement in functional capacities and balance indexes in females with a MS conditions. However, it seems that TRX pattern role on the selected independents variables was obviousely than a Pilates pattern
Original Article
zahra nemati; shahrokh maghsoudi; Seyyed Reza Mazlom; maryam kalatemolaei
Volume 29, Issue 2 , July and August 2022, Pages 243-254
Abstract
Introduction: Assertiveness is an essential tool in communication between nurses and other members of the hospital staff as well as patients. According to studies, more assertive nurses have higher self-esteem and if they make a mistake, they have more courage in reporting the error and as a result, ...
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Introduction: Assertiveness is an essential tool in communication between nurses and other members of the hospital staff as well as patients. According to studies, more assertive nurses have higher self-esteem and if they make a mistake, they have more courage in reporting the error and as a result, take timely action and prevent the repetition of similar mistakes.Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an assertiveness training program on nurses' assertiveness and self-esteem. Methods: This investigation was an experimental study, conducted on two equal groups with pre-test and post-test design. The study was performed on 70 nurses from different wards of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. The assertiveness training program in the intervention group consisted of a workshop and a Intragroup session. All subjects in the two groups before, after, completed the Rathus assertiveness scale and Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaires. Data were statistically analyzed. Results: The intervention and control groups were similar in terms of demographic characteristics (p>0.05). Implementation of the assertiveness training program increased the level of assertiveness and self-esteem of nurses in the intervention group in all post-intervention measurements compared to before (p <0.01). However, the increase in assertiveness and self-esteem of nurses in the intervention group was not significant in any of the post-intervention episodes compared to the control group (p> 0.05).Conclusion: Based on our findings, the implementation of an assertiveness training program leads to improving the assertiveness and self-esteem.Keywords: assertiveness, self-concept, nurse, Communicating assertively, self-confidence
Original Article
Health Education
Arezo Niknejad jalali; SOMAYE SETOUDEH; Mobina Rahimi; Malek Solimaney mohammadi
Volume 29, Issue 2 , July and August 2022, Pages 255-267
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to investigate some of the demographic and behavioral factors related to the observance of health principles related to Covid 19 and to study the knowledge, attitude and practice of Sabzevar residents of the principles of care of Covid 19.METHODOLOGY: This study ...
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INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to investigate some of the demographic and behavioral factors related to the observance of health principles related to Covid 19 and to study the knowledge, attitude and practice of Sabzevar residents of the principles of care of Covid 19.METHODOLOGY: This study was descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study. The study sample was 1007 people of Sabzevar who were selected by random sampling method. In this study, a standard questionnaire was used which included demographic factors, attitude survey, knowledge assessment and observance of preventive behavior. The data analysis was performed using SPSS.20, the data with Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman descriptive and analytical statistics tests.Results: Considering the mean scores obtained, there is a significant relationship between marital status and attitude and performance (p <0.05). There is no significant relationship between gender and knowledge and attitude, but there is a significant relationship between gender and performance (p <0.05) that women performed better than men. There is a significant relationship between age groups and knowledge and attitude (p <0.05). There is a significant relationship between income and attitude and performance (p<0.05). Housewives have both more knowledge and better performance than other occupations.Conclusion: According to the results of the study, most people have sufficient knowledge and attitude about the principles of health care and methods of disease transmission. It seems that due to the prevalence and prevalence of coronary heart disease, the only solution to control it is vaccination and observing hygienic principles.
Original Article
Physiology & Pharmacology
Roya Kaveh; Mohammad Amin Edalatmanesh
Volume 29, Issue 2 , July and August 2022, Pages 268-280
Abstract
Introduction: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) induced excitotoxicity leads to oxidative stress in different areas of the brain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of coenzyme Q10 (Co-Q10) on amelioration of short-term and long-term memory and oxidative stress parameters in MSG-treated ...
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Introduction: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) induced excitotoxicity leads to oxidative stress in different areas of the brain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of coenzyme Q10 (Co-Q10) on amelioration of short-term and long-term memory and oxidative stress parameters in MSG-treated rats.Material and Methods: In this experimental study, 40 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups including control, MSG, MSG + Q10-10 and MSG + Q10-20. MSG gavage (4 mg / kg) and coenzyme Q10 injection at doses of 10 and 20 mg / kg (intraperitoneally; i.p.) were performed for 4 weeks. Then, short-term working memory was assessed using the Y maze and long-term avoidance memory was performed with the shuttle box. Hippocampal level of catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined by ELISA method and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was determined by thiobarbituric acid method.Results: In MSG group, there was a significant decrease in alteration behavior, increased latency time to the dark room of the shuttle box, decreased CAT, TAC expression and increased MDA compared to the control group (p <0.05). While in the Q10 treated groups, there was an increase in working and avoidance memory, an increase in CAT and TAC expression and a decrease in MDA in the hippocampus compared to the MSG group (p˂0.05).Conclusion: It seems that Co-Q10 ameliorates MSG induced neurotoxicity and cognitive symptoms through preventing oxidative stress in the hippocampus.
Original Article
Psychology
ayatollah Usefi; mahboobe taher; hakimeh aghae; hasan bagherinia
Volume 29, Issue 2 , July and August 2022, Pages 281-290
Abstract
Background and aim: Body image is complex concernincluding biological, psychological, internaland external social factors. The purpose of this study was to copparison of the effectiveness of interpersonal psychotherapy and congnitiye - behvioral therapy on body image in women referred to cosmetic surgery ...
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Background and aim: Body image is complex concernincluding biological, psychological, internaland external social factors. The purpose of this study was to copparison of the effectiveness of interpersonal psychotherapy and congnitiye - behvioral therapy on body image in women referred to cosmetic surgery centers.Materials and methods: This experimental study was a post-test pre-test by control group. The statistical population of all women in Mashhad who had referred to women's cosmetic surgery centers 1398. 45 were randomly placed in three groups (interpersonal psychotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy and control). The data gathering tool was multidimensional body-self relations questionnaire (Cash, 1997). content validity was used and their reliability was estimated through Cronbach’s alpha. SPSS20 software and descriptive and analytical statistics (covariance) were used to analyze the data.Results: The analysis of covariance showed that interpersonal psychotherapy had a positive and significant effect on body image satisfaction (P <0.05). congnitiye - behvioral therapy had a positive and significant effect on body image satisfaction (P <0.05). results of post hoc test indicated that both training methods interpersonal psychotherapy and congnitiye - behvioral therapy, there is no significant difference in post-test scores (P > 0.05).Conclusion: Considering the significant effect of methods interpersonal psychotherapy and congnitiye - behvioral therapy on the body image satisfaction , it is suggested to use this two method to increase women’s body image satisfaction.
Original Article
Monire Rezaie; Nasrin Hydarzade; leila hydarzade
Volume 29, Issue 2 , July and August 2022, Pages 291-302
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of peer educationadherence of dialysis patients l. Methods: The present study is a clinical trial that was conducted in 1398 with the participation of 60 dialysis patients by available sampling method and random allocation of samples ...
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of peer educationadherence of dialysis patients l. Methods: The present study is a clinical trial that was conducted in 1398 with the participation of 60 dialysis patients by available sampling method and random allocation of samples in two experimental and control groups (30 people in each group). . Before the intervention, information about the samples was collected through demographic questionnaires and adherence to diet and medication of dialysis patients. Then, the peer education intervention was designed based on the educational needs of patients in different areas for the intervention group. Face-to-face and solo procedures were performed during two sessions of dialysis. One month after the end of the second session, the diet and medication adherence questionnaire of dialysis patients was given to both groups again and the data were analyzed using SPSS software version 19. Results: In the pre-test, independent t-test did not show a significant difference in the scores of diet and medication adherence between the control and intervention groups (p> 0.05). While in the post-test stage, there was a significant difference in the scores of diet and medication adherence between the experimental and control groups (p <0.05). Paired t-test also showed a significant difference between before and after the intervention in the experimental group (p <0.05). Discussion and Conclusion: Peer education promotes adherence to diet and medication of dialysis patients, so the use of this educational method for dialysis patients along with other educational methods is recommended.
Original Article
fahime ahmadian; Abolfazl Rahmani Sani; Sepehr Soltani; Mohammad Hasan Kowsari
Volume 29, Issue 2 , July and August 2022, Pages 303-317
Abstract
Background and Objective: The development of wastewater treatment facilities has increased concern over their energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Energy consumption is the main source of carbon emissions in wastewater treatment plants. The environmental impact of energy consumption in wastewater ...
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Background and Objective: The development of wastewater treatment facilities has increased concern over their energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Energy consumption is the main source of carbon emissions in wastewater treatment plants. The environmental impact of energy consumption in wastewater treatment plants can be reduced through different strategies, such as use of renewable energy sources.Materials and Methods: Solar trickling filter pilot was designed and studied at Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. wastewater was provided from the fish pool effluent. Results of project were analyzed with Retscreen Software. Results: The mean removal of BOD5, COD, TC and TSS were 90%, 69%, 92% and 53%, respectively. The removal efficiency of BOD5, COD and TSS decreased with increasing organic and hydraulic loading rate and cloudiness. Pilot activity reduces about 0.1 tons of CO2 emissions per year. pilot was not economically feasible due to its small size.Conclusion: solar trickling filter system is associated with problems such as cloudiness, dust accumulation on the plates, sudden electric motor interruption due to battery drain and so on, however, its efficiency was optimal and expected to expand in industrial scale in Iran with high sunny days.