Original Article
Biotechnology & nanotechnology
Marzieh Varasteh Shams; Farhad Nazarian-Firouzabadi; Ahmad Ismaili
Volume 26, Issue 4 , November and December 2019, Pages 404-412
Abstract
New and effective antimicrobial agents are inevitable because of the increased use of antibiotics and spread of microbial resistance. The expression of antimicrobial peptides that are part of the inherent immune system of all organisms, is a novel approach of confronting a wide range of pathogens. Among ...
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New and effective antimicrobial agents are inevitable because of the increased use of antibiotics and spread of microbial resistance. The expression of antimicrobial peptides that are part of the inherent immune system of all organisms, is a novel approach of confronting a wide range of pathogens. Among the wide range of antimicrobial peptides, Dermaseptin B1 is a potent cationic peptide with strong antimicrobial activity. In this study, Dermaseptin B1 (DrsB1) coding sequence from Phyllomedusa bicolor frogs was fused to a tandem repeat of a chitin-binding domain (CBD) from Cladosporium fulvum Avr4 effector protein and expressed in tobacco Hairy Roots (HRs). The expression of recombinant (CBD)2-DrsB1 peptide was confirmed, using molecular methods and its antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus subtilis bacteria. The results of antimicrobial activity analysis demonstrated that the recombinant protein had a significant (P
Original Article
Health Education
Seyed mojtaba mousavi bazaz; Zahra Keyvanlo; Aghilallah Keykhosravi; Mohammad Neamatshahi; Atefeh Asadi; Mahboubeh Neamatshahi
Volume 26, Issue 4 , November and December 2019, Pages 413-420
Abstract
Background:Health-related quality of life is an index of the safety Patients and refers to the measure of a patient's functioning, well-being, and general health perception in each of three domains: physical, psychological, and social. The aim of this study is identify related factors with quality of ...
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Background:Health-related quality of life is an index of the safety Patients and refers to the measure of a patient's functioning, well-being, and general health perception in each of three domains: physical, psychological, and social. The aim of this study is identify related factors with quality of life in hemodialysis patients.Materials and Methods:In this cross sectional study, 50 hemodialysis patients of 15 to 87 years old in mashad city were participated in 2017. We used checklists which included demographic questionnaire and SF-36 Questionnaire. Descriptive and statistical tests such as mean± standard deviation for quantitative variables, Spearman correlation coefficient,Naparametric test were used. Results:The mean score of quality of life was 43.3±8.2 that in the physical dimension was 42.8 ± 11.9 and in the psychological dimension was 43.9 ± 10.4.The highest mean of quality of life was observed in the men( 42.5 ± 6.1) , singles ( 43.6 ± 5.4), users general vehicles (44.4 ± 8.4) and people with a level of education in the guidance school (43.5±6.7).Age (p=0.04,r=-0.3) and duration to each dialysis session(p=0.007,r=-0.2) with mean score for quality of life were significantly inversely related but the correlation did not significantly with any of the individual characteristics, laboratory factors and clinical factors. The marrage (p=0.03) and duration of each dialysis session (p=0.03) and age(p=0.04) was a significant inversely correlation with the physical dimension.Conclusions: Life quality of Hemodialysis patients is low and authorities need to provide these patients with more social support and see into their welfare.
Original Article
Psychology
Forogh Montazer Someh Saraie; Samereh Asadi Majreh
Volume 26, Issue 4 , November and December 2019, Pages 421-430
Abstract
Background and Aim: Postpartum period has the highest risk associated with psychiatric illnesses and mainly postpartum depression for women. The present study was conducted to determine the difference between perceived social support, marital satisfaction and empathy in women with Post-Partum Depression ...
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Background and Aim: Postpartum period has the highest risk associated with psychiatric illnesses and mainly postpartum depression for women. The present study was conducted to determine the difference between perceived social support, marital satisfaction and empathy in women with Post-Partum Depression (PPD).Materials & Methods: It is a descriptive study of the causal-comparative type. The present Statistical population includes all Post-Partum depressed women and normal ones who visited the comprehensive health centers of Piribazar and eynak in Rasht city, from among whom 120 women (60 with PPD and 60 normal) were chosen by the convenience sampling method. To collect data, Zimet et al. (1998) scale of Perceived Social Support, ENRICH (1988) Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire, Jolliffe & Farrington (2006) scale of marital empathy and Beck Depression Inventory were used. The data was analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive indexes and Multivariable Analysis of Variance and T Test.Results: The results show that there is a significant difference in family support (F=8/79, p
Original Article
Psychology
Faramarz Sohrabi; Mehdi khanjani; Yoosef Aazami; Esmail Khanjani; Payman Mam Sharifi; Elahe Froghi Neghad
Volume 26, Issue 4 , November and December 2019, Pages 431-444
Abstract
Background: How to cope with life stressors affects the quality of life of female headed households. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Stress immunization program on coping with stress, emotion regulation and mental health in female-headed households were covered by welfare ...
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Background: How to cope with life stressors affects the quality of life of female headed households. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Stress immunization program on coping with stress, emotion regulation and mental health in female-headed households were covered by welfare organization. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental research with pretest – posttest and control group design. 48 women covered city Khomeini Welfare Organization, which of these, randomly into two experimental and control groups were replaced. Data collected using of coping strategies, emotion regulation and General Health (GHQ-28) questionnaires, and the results were analyzed using Multivariate and analysis of covariance. Results: The results showed that Stress immunization program makes greater use of positive coping strategies such as problem-focused coping and emotion-focused coping is used less as a short-term strategies. Also, reassessment strategy at posttest in the experimental group was significantly higher than the scores of the control group and the strategy of repression in the posttest in the experimental group showed negative, also, results showing reduce symptoms of somatic, anxiety and insomnia, social dysfunction and depression in household women. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be said that Stress immunization program is a multi-dimensional program and affect thoughts, emotions and behaviors in people and with factors such as cognitive restructuring, search for meaning, relaxation exercises and positive thinking, can have a significant impact on improving people mental health.
Original Article
nutrition
Farnaz Baghban; Mahdie Hoseinzadie; Hassan Mozaffari-Khosravi; Ali Dehghan; Hossein Fallahzadeh
Volume 26, Issue 4 , November and December 2019, Pages 445-451
Abstract
obesity and diet are the most important risk factors for the development of osteoarthritis. L-carnitine is an anti-oxidant agent and increase energy expenditure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of L-carnitine supplementation on the anthropometry measures in obese women with knee osteoarthritis.Materials ...
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obesity and diet are the most important risk factors for the development of osteoarthritis. L-carnitine is an anti-oxidant agent and increase energy expenditure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of L-carnitine supplementation on the anthropometry measures in obese women with knee osteoarthritis.Materials and Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial in which 43 obese women with knee osteoarthritis were randomly assigned into two weight loss diet groups; the first one received the 1000 mg L-carnitine and with the second group took the placebo. Anthropometry indices such as height, weight, Body mass index (BMI), hip and waist circumference were assessed at the baseline and after 12 weeks from the start of intervention. Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS (version16).Results: Compared with the baseline, weight, BMI, waist and hip circumference decreased significantly in both groups after 12 weeks of intervention. However, no significant differences were observed between L-carnitine group and placebo group (P>0.05). But mean of changes waist circumference were significant between two groups (P=0.006)Conclusion: According to the findings, oral administration of 1000 mg L-carnitine could decrease waist circumference but no significant effect observed on other anthropometry indices.
Original Article
Psychology
Soodabe Basaknejad; Alireza Badri ali kordi; Mahnaz Mehrabizadeh Honarmand
Volume 26, Issue 4 , November and December 2019, Pages 453-459
Abstract
Background: Peptic ulcers is a common psycho- physiologic disease among students. The aim of the present study was to experiment of the effectiveness of Mindfulness Based on Stress Reduction on anxi-ety sensitivity and impulsivity among Shahid Chamran university of Ahvaz students with peptic ulcers. ...
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Background: Peptic ulcers is a common psycho- physiologic disease among students. The aim of the present study was to experiment of the effectiveness of Mindfulness Based on Stress Reduction on anxi-ety sensitivity and impulsivity among Shahid Chamran university of Ahvaz students with peptic ulcers. Materials and Methods: Through a quasi-experimental design with the pre-test, post-test and follow-up with the control group, a total number of 24 BA level students with peptic ulcers were selected through available sampling and divided to [12 experimental group] and [12 control group]. The experimental group received eight ses-sions of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction through two 120-minute sessions per week. The instruments applied comprised Baret Impul-sivity Scale [BIS-11] and Anxiety Sensitivity Index [ASI], which were answered in three phases, namely prior to the treatment, after the treatment and one-month follow-up. Results: The results of Multivariate covariance showed that Mindful-ness-Base Stress Reduction reduces the impulsivity ( F= 8.80, p= 0.001) and anxiety sensitivity ( F= 5.62 , p= 0.02) in the experimental group compared with the control group, in posttest.Conclusion: Considering the efficacy of this treatment on impulsivity and anxiety sensitivity, we suggested that Mindfulness Based on Stress Reduction with other medical treatment operate for peptic ul-cers.
Review article
Marzieh Tavalaee; Zahra Dormishoun- nejad; Tayebeh Izadi; Mohammad hosein Nasr-esfahani
Volume 26, Issue 4 , November and December 2019, Pages 461-476
Abstract
Background and aims: Telomeres as noncoding hetrochromatic and protective structures contain hexa-nucleutid repeats with rich in guanine at the end of each chromosomes. These structures are conserved during evolution, and their function depends on their length. In somatic cells, telomeres length decreases ...
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Background and aims: Telomeres as noncoding hetrochromatic and protective structures contain hexa-nucleutid repeats with rich in guanine at the end of each chromosomes. These structures are conserved during evolution, and their function depends on their length. In somatic cells, telomeres length decreases by each cell division. Shortening of telomere length lead to cell cycle arrest, chromosomes anomalies and cell death. While, telomere length does not short in germ cells and cancer cell due to high activity of telomerase enzyme. Other factors that influenced the telomere length are: 1) parental age at child's birth, 2) gender, 3) family history of cancer, 4) syndromes, 5) smoking, 6) X-radiation, 7) psychological stress, 8) alcohol consumption and 9) improper eating habits. Therefore, we aimed in this review, to discuss the role of telomere length in male germ cells.Materials and Methods: For this review, all relevant information were collected via databases including PubMed and Google Scholar during the period 1965-2016.Results: Normal size of the sperm telomere can be considered as an indicator of semen quality, ability to fertilize and result in formation of good quality embryo and pregnancy.Conclusion: Examination of telomeric structure especially telomere length could provide a new insight for our understanding of the etiology of human infertility.
Original Article
Psychology
Hassanali Vaiskarmi; Masud Sadeghi; Sirous Moradizadeh
Volume 26, Issue 4 , November and December 2019, Pages 477-487
Abstract
Background and Aim: Regarding the role of psychological factors and lifestyle in the etiology of heart disease, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating and comparing the personality type D, psychological hardiness, failure tolerance and perfectionism in cardiac and normal patients in ...
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Background and Aim: Regarding the role of psychological factors and lifestyle in the etiology of heart disease, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating and comparing the personality type D, psychological hardiness, failure tolerance and perfectionism in cardiac and normal patients in Khorramabad city.Methods: This study is a case-retrospective study. Which compares to personality type D, psychological hardiness, failure, and perfectionism in cardiac and normal patients. The statistical population included all patients with coronary heart disease referred to cardiovascular clinics in Khorramabad city, in which 64 patients volunteered to participate in the study. Also, 64 normal people matched them in terms of age and gender. To measure the variables, personality type D questionnaire, Ahwaz psychological hardiness and perfectionism scale, and Harrington's failure tolerance scale were used. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA)Findings: The results of this study showed that there is a significant difference between cardiac patients and normal people in terms of personality type D, psychological hardiness, failure tolerance and perfectionism. Cardiac patients have lower tolerance and lower psychological hardiness, and mean score of personality type D and higher perfectionism.Conclusion: According to the results of the research, it can be said that personality type D, psychological hardiness, tolerance of failure, and perfectionism act as important variables that influence the development or prevention of heart disease.
Original Article
Educational
Amirhosein Kayzouri; Hamid Yaghoutimoghaddam; Hamid Sadeghi; Mohammad Hoseinzadeh Hesari; Mahnaz Haghnazar
Volume 26, Issue 4 , November and December 2019, Pages 487-493
Abstract
Background and aim: The training is a series of activities that the teacher does to facilitate the learning of learners on their own or with the help of educational materials.the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of peer-to-peer education methods on clinical learning of anesthesia students ...
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Background and aim: The training is a series of activities that the teacher does to facilitate the learning of learners on their own or with the help of educational materials.the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of peer-to-peer education methods on clinical learning of anesthesia students in Sabzevar University of Medical SciencesMaterials and methods: This experimental study was a post-test pre-test. The statistical population of this study consisted of 48 students of anesthesiology students of the Bachelor of Science from 95-96. According to the characteristics of the statistical society, all anesthesia students of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences were selected as samples,and simple random sampling method was chosen. They were randomly assigned to peer and non-peer groups.The data gathering tool was a multi-part questionnaire. content validity was used and Their reliability was estimated through Cronbach’s alpha. SPSS16 software and descriptive and analytical statistics (covariance) were used to analyze the data.Results: The analysis of covariance showed that learning from their peers had a positive and significant effect on students' clinical performance (F = 295 / 68, T =17.19 P
Original Article
Physical Education
Ladan Hosseini Abrishami; Seyed Mahmud Hejazi; Amir Rashdlamir; Rambod Khajei
Volume 26, Issue 4 , November and December 2019, Pages 495-504
Abstract
IntroductionEvidence showed that adhesion molecules and inflammatory factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of continuous and periodic aerobic exercise on the serum level of C-reactive protein and some ...
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IntroductionEvidence showed that adhesion molecules and inflammatory factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of continuous and periodic aerobic exercise on the serum level of C-reactive protein and some adhesive molecules in men with heart failure. Materials and MethodsIn this study, 42 middle-aged men with heart failure were purposeful and randomly divided into three equal groups(14 subjects): continuous aerobic exercise, periodic aerobic exercise and control groups. Continuous training(45-70% of Maximum Heart Rate) and periodic exercise (45-80% of MHR with 5-10 minutes rest between each period) were done for 8 weeks(three days a week). Before and after exercise, blood samples were taken from three groups, ELISA method was used. Data were analyzed using SPSS (20 version) at a significant level of P≤0.05. ResultsAfter eight weeks of training, the level of C-reactive protein, adhesion molecule -1 and vascular adhesion molecule -1 had a significant decrease in the two training groups(P ≤ 0.05). but no significant difference was observed in the control group. There was a significant difference between the levels of hs-CRP(P = 0.023) and VCAM-1(P = 0.0001) in all three groups, but there was not a significant difference in ICAM-1 level(P = 0.17).ConclusionAerobic exercise by decreasing the levels of hs-CRP and VCAM-1 may play an important role in the prevention and control of cardiovascular disease in men with heart failure.
Original Article
Psychology
Maryam Taher Pour; Ahmad Sohrabi; Mehdi Zemestani
Volume 26, Issue 4 , November and December 2019, Pages 505-513
Abstract
AbstractAims: Eating disorders are characterized by persistent eating disorders or eating behaviors that leading to significant damage on physical and psychosocial function. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of compassion-focused therapy on improving symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress ...
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AbstractAims: Eating disorders are characterized by persistent eating disorders or eating behaviors that leading to significant damage on physical and psychosocial function. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of compassion-focused therapy on improving symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress and weight self-efficacy in women with eating disorders (restrictive type). Materials & Methods: In a quasi-experimental design pretest-posttest control group design, a total of 30 girls of University of Kurdistan at the year between 2014-2015 who had higher range at determined cut-off point in Revised Rigid Restraint Scale, after initial clinical assessment and qualifications of the study, purposive sampling method selected and randomly assigned to two experimental (Compassion-Focused Therapy, n=15) and control groups (n=15). Data collection tools were Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS), and Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Scale (WELS) that subjects before and after the intervention were assessed by this tool. In order to analyze the data, multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used.Results: Outcome of the experimental group received 8 sessions focused therapy showed that treatment focused on compassion have effect on improving depression (F=93.15, P
Original Article
Microbiology
Behnaz Jalalizadegan; Fatemeh Ghaffarifar; Soudabeh Fallah; Taher Elmi; Mohammad Javad Namazi; Fatemeh Vafa Shoar; Fatemeh Tabatabaee
Volume 26, Issue 4 , November and December 2019, Pages 515-525
Abstract
Background: Toxoplasma gondii is an obligatory intracellular parasite causes toxoplasmosis. The parasite has two forms, noninvasive bradizoites and invasive tachizoites. The present study, for the first time, aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamins C and E on nitric oxide (NO) elevation to promote killing ...
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Background: Toxoplasma gondii is an obligatory intracellular parasite causes toxoplasmosis. The parasite has two forms, noninvasive bradizoites and invasive tachizoites. The present study, for the first time, aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamins C and E on nitric oxide (NO) elevation to promote killing invasive tachizoites by macrophages in susceptible BALB/c mice.Materials and Methods: Seventy BALB/c mice were recruited and randomly divided into fourteen groups of five (n=5). Control groups: one group left intact. Two groups were given saline or methanol. Two groups were infected with 104 or 5×104 parasites. The other groups were administrated only vitamin C, E, or both. The rest of sample and control groups were infected with either 104 or 5×104 tachizoites and supplemented with 100 µl vitamin E every other day, or 200 µl of vitamin C daily. Vitamins were intraperitoneally administered up to five days. On sixth day mice were intraperitoneally infected with tachyzoites. The blood samples were taken three days post infection, serum collected and stored at - 20 Cº until examinations. The peritoneal macrophages were isolated for counting phagocytised tachyzoites and nitric oxide assays.Results: Tachyzoites were significantly decreased after vitamin C & E administration in the infected mice compared to the controls. In mice supplemented vitamins NO levels were significantly higher compared to controls. Conclusion: Our findings showed that administration of vitamin C, E or both significantly enhanced killing invasive parasites through NO elevation produced by activated macrophages and may have therefore, complementary therapeutic effects.
Original Article
Biotechnology & nanotechnology
Zeinab Noori; Akbar Safipour Afshar
Volume 26, Issue 4 , November and December 2019, Pages 527-534
Abstract
Aim: The characteristics of cancer cells that differentiate them from normal cells can be attributed to the increase of the ornithine decarboxylase enzyme (ODC), which has a very important role in the metabolism of polyamines in cancer cells. In this research, we tried to study the effects of cytotoxicity ...
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Aim: The characteristics of cancer cells that differentiate them from normal cells can be attributed to the increase of the ornithine decarboxylase enzyme (ODC), which has a very important role in the metabolism of polyamines in cancer cells. In this research, we tried to study the effects of cytotoxicity of Rhubarb extract on three different solvents distilled water, ethanol and n-hexane on MCF-7 cell lines. Also, the rate of expression of the ODC1 gene as one of the genes involved in breast cancer was studied under the influence of the extract of this plant.Materials and Methods: MCF-7 breast cancer cells were cultured in DMEM medium. Subsequently, they were subjected to increasing concentrations of extract from 0-200 μg/mL. The cytotoxic activity of the extract was investigated using MTT assay. The quantitative analysis of the ODC1 gene was performed using the Real Time-PCR.Results: Cell line mortality increases significantly in a concentration-dependent manner. In the rhubarb extracts, the most cytotoxicity was observed in 72 hours. Changes in ODC1 gene expression in MCF-7 cell lines treated with different concentrations of rhubarb extract indicate a decrease in gene expression with increasing concentrations of extracts.Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that Rhubarb extract has a potential influence on ODC1 gene expression in breast cancer cells and cause inhibition of cancer cell proliferation.
Original Article
Health and environment
Ali Esrafili; Maryam Izanloo; Mahdi Farzadkia; Ahmad Joneidi Jafari; Mina Yousefi
Volume 26, Issue 4 , November and December 2019, Pages 535-546
Abstract
Nowadays,due to the irreparable effects imposed on aquatic ecosystems,organisms and humans,the removal of heavy metals and herbicides from water sources has extremely become vital.In recent years, the process of adsorbing contaminants with magnetic nanoparticles has gained lots of attention.Therefore, ...
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Nowadays,due to the irreparable effects imposed on aquatic ecosystems,organisms and humans,the removal of heavy metals and herbicides from water sources has extremely become vital.In recent years, the process of adsorbing contaminants with magnetic nanoparticles has gained lots of attention.Therefore, the present study aimed to synthesize nanoparticles as an adsorbent for adsorption of the contaminants of Pb and 2,4-D from water. Materials and methods:To evaluate the effect of independent variables such as pH(3-11),contact time(0-150min),adsorbent dose(0.2-1.2g/L) and adsorbate concentration(5-50mg/L) on the contaminant removal and determine the optimal conditions, the method of one factor at the time was used by design expert software. Nanoparticles were synthesized via a co-precipitation method and their morphology were characterized by TEM,XRD,FT-IR and SEM. Finally, the experiments were performed on aqueous solution. Results: Structural analysis revealed that adsorbent has a spherical structure with a Fe3O4 core and SiO2 shell, modified by both amine and thiol functional groups.The results of experiments showed that the maximum adsorption efficiency of single system occurred at pH 5 and contact time 40 min for lead and at pH6 and contact time 90min for 2,4-D.Also the optimal values of adsorbent dose and initial concentration obtained 0.8 g/L and 10 mg/L. In the binary adsorption system,the maximum adsorption efficiency determined at pH 6 and contact time 40 min for lead and contact time 60 min for 2,4-D and adsorbent dose 1.2 g/L. Conclusion:According to the results,the bi-functional nanoadsorbent could be effectively used for the simultaneous removal of inorganic and organic pollutants from various aqueous solutions.