نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه بیماری‌های کودکان، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه بیماری‌های کودکان، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری حرفه‌ای پزشکی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

10.30468/jsums.2026.8440.3425

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: عفونت با SARS-CoV-2 علاوه‌بر درگیری تنفسی، می‌تواند با تظاهرات نورولوژیک مختلفی در کودکان همراه باشد. با توجه ‌به محدودیت اطلاعات پیرامون الگوی تظاهرات عصبی در کودکان ایرانی، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی فراوانی تظاهرات نورولوژیک و ارتباط آن با پیامدهای بالینی در کودکان بستری مبتلا به کووید-۱۹ در بیمارستان شهید مطهری ارومیه انجام شد.
مواد و روش­ها: در این مطالعه مقطعی-تحلیلی و گذشته‌نگر، ۴۶۰ کودک (زیر ۱۸ سال) با تشخیص قطعی کووید-۱۹ که از اسفند ۱۳۹۸ تا اسفند ۱۴۰۰ بستری شده بودند، به‌روش سرشماری وارد مطالعه شدند. داده‌های دموگرافیک، تظاهرات نورولوژیک، پیامد نهایی و سطح D-dimer از پرونده‌ آنان استخراج گردید. تحلیل آماری با نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه ۲۵ و مدل رگرسیون لجستیک چندگانه انجام شد.
یافته­ها: از مجموع ۴۶۰ بیمار با میانگین سنی 17/4±62/3 سال، 78/59 درصد پسر بودند. شایع‌ترین تظاهرات نورولوژیک شامل تشنج (۱۳/۱۴%)، سردرد (۳۹/۷%) و سرگیجه (۵۲/۱%) بود. میانگین سنی بیماران دارای سردرد و سرگیجه به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از سایرین بود (001/0>P). میزان کلی مرگ‌ومیر، ۷۸/۴ درصد به دست آمد. مدل رگرسیون لجستیک چندمتغیره نشان داد که بروز تظاهرات شدید نورولوژیک (45/2AOR=؛ فاصله اطمینان ۹۵%: 36/5–12/1؛ 024/0P=) و سطح D-dimer بیش از ۱۰۰۰ میکروگرم در لیتر (12/3AOR=؛ فاصله اطمینان ۹۵%: 88/6-41/1؛ 005/0P=)، پیش‌بینی‌کننده‌های مستقل افزایش خطر مرگ‌ومیر درون‌بیمارستانی بودند.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان داد درگیری نورولوژیک در کودکان بستری مبتلا به کووید-۱۹، نسبتاً شایع است. از آنجایی‌که عوارض شدید نورولوژیک و اختلالات انعقادی (افزایش D-dimer) به‌طور مستقل شانس مرگ‌ومیر را افزایش می‌دهند، پایش دقیق و زودهنگام علائم عصبی برای بهبود پیامدهای درمانی این بیماران ضروری به نظر می‌رسد.

تازه های تحقیق

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3042-2290

 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Prevalence and Pattern of Neurological Manifestations in Hospitalized Children with COVID-19 at Motahari Hospital, Urmia: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ezatollah Abbasi 1
  • Alireza Abdi 2
  • Fatemeh Hajihosseinlou 3

1 Associate Professor, Department of Pediatric Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

3 Medical student, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

چکیده [English]

 
Background and Objective: SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to a wide spectrum of neurological complications in children besides respiratory manifestations. Despite growing global evidence, data regarding the neurological manifestations of COVID-19 among Iranian pediatric patients remain limited. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of neurological manifestations and their association with clinical outcomes among hospitalized children with COVID-19 at Motahari Hospital in Urmia, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 460 children (age <18 years) with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 who were hospitalized between March 2020 and March 2022. Census sampling was performed. Demographic variables, central and peripheral neurological manifestations, D-dimer levels, and clinical outcomes were extracted from medical records. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, using multiple logistic regression modeling.
Results: Among the 460 enrolled children (mean age 4.17 ± 3.62 years; 59.78% male), the most prevalent neurological manifestations were seizure (14.13%), headache (7.39%), and dizziness (1.52%). Patients presenting with headache and dizziness were significantly older (P<0.001). The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 4.78%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that severe neurological manifestations (AOR = 2.45; 95% CI: 1.12 - 5.36; P = 0.024) and elevated D-dimer levels >1000 µg/L (AOR = 3.12; 95% CI: 1.41 - 6.88; P = 0.005) were the significant independent predictors of mortality.
Conclusion: Neurological manifestations are relatively common among hospitalized children with COVID-19. Since severe neurological complications and coagulopathy (elevated D-dimer) independently increase the risk of in-hospital mortality, careful and early neurological evaluation of pediatric patients is crucial for improving clinical outcomes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • COVID-19
  • Neurological Manifestations
  • Children
  • Seizure
  • Mortality
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