Ayoub Hashemi; Shahnaz Shahrbanian
Volume 25, Issue 3 , July and August 2018, , Pages 419-427
Abstract
Background and aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sensory-motor integration on gross motor skills children with Developmental Coordination Disorder. Matgerials and Methods:To this end, among all elementary grade two male students in Tehran three regions stratified random sampling ...
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Background and aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sensory-motor integration on gross motor skills children with Developmental Coordination Disorder. Matgerials and Methods:To this end, among all elementary grade two male students in Tehran three regions stratified random sampling based on questionnaires and practical tests MABC, 30 students were selected with developmental coordination disorder. To assess the children's gross motor skills, gross motor test Ulrich Second Edition (TGMD-2) was used. After the pre-test subjects were randomly assigned to two groups of 20 subjects were divided into control and experimental groups as homogenous. The experimental group in 50 sessions of 45 minutes, 6 days a week, did exercises, sensory-motor integration, while the control group in their usual activities in their schools. In order to analyze the data, analysis of covariance was used.Results:The results demonstrated that sensory-motor integration program had a significant affection (P
Psychology
Mohammad Azad Manjiri; Ebrahim Namani
Volume 27, Issue 3 , September and October 2020, , Pages 463-473
Abstract
Introduction: Inappropriate emotional reactions such as anxiety and depression is very evident in today’s societies, affecting and causing too many problems for nurses, then effect on the quality of providing health cares. According to the nurses' exposure to mental health disorders, the purpose ...
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Introduction: Inappropriate emotional reactions such as anxiety and depression is very evident in today’s societies, affecting and causing too many problems for nurses, then effect on the quality of providing health cares. According to the nurses' exposure to mental health disorders, the purpose of the present research is to study empathy moderating role in relationship between psychological capital with depression and anxiety of nurses.
Materials and Methods: This research is an exploratory research of correlation plans. Based on Morgan Table were selected 217 subjects of employed nurses (100 male and 117 female) as hospitals of Sabzevar in spring 2018 by available sampling. In order to obtain data, Luthans et al (2007), psychological capital questionnaire, Baron-Cohen empathy(2003), and Anxiety and Depression Scale of Zigmond and Snaith Hospital (1983),were used. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression analyses by SPSS-22 software.
Results: Findings of the present research showed that there are negative significant relationship between psychological capital and hospital of anxiety and depression of nurses (p<0.01). also empathy is mediating role in relationship between psychological capital and clinical symptoms of anxiety and depression(p<0.01).
Conclusion: According to the findings of the research, it can be concluded that empathy can be mediated relationship psychological capital and hospital clinical symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Psychology
Mahbobe Amirbeik; Hossein akbari amarghan; Elham Fariborzi; Hamid Nejat
Volume 28, Issue 3 , May and June 2021, , Pages 467-475
Abstract
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. marital satisfaction is an important indicator in the favorable prognosis of treatment in progressive neuropsychological disorders.The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two approaches of coupleeclectic behavioral ...
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Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. marital satisfaction is an important indicator in the favorable prognosis of treatment in progressive neuropsychological disorders.The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two approaches of coupleeclectic behavioral therapy and combined treatment of schema based on acceptance and commitment on marital satisfaction in women with multiple sclerosis. Materials and Methods: In a randomized pilot trial, During late 2019 and early 2020, 42 female patients with multiple sclerosis with their husbands were selected using purposive sampling method and using block randomization method in the form of two A treatment group and a control group were assigned. The two treatment groups underwent one of the eclectic and integrated behavioral couple therapy treatments based on acceptance and commitment for 10 sessions of 90 minutes once a week, and the control group was placed on a waiting list. Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (1998) was completed by participants in three time periods: pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance and repeated measures. Results: Preliminary results showed that both treatments had a significant effect on patients' marital satisfaction index compared to the control group, which remained stable until the quarterly follow-up stage (all p's <0.05). In addition, the secondary results showed that there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of the two treatments (p <0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study can be associated with clinical applications in planning the vision of therapeutic interventions in patients with neurodegenerative disorders.
Mohaddeseh Mohsenpour; Abbas Abbaszadeh; Mohammad Hasan Rakhshani; Mohammad Sadeghi Bimorgh; Seiedeh Soolmaz Mousavi
Volume 23, Issue 3 , July and August 2016, , Pages 526-531
Abstract
Objectives Quality of work life has important role in job satisfaction and quality of services. Personality compatibility with profession is one of the issues that affect job satisfaction. This study was conducted for the purpose of evaluation of nurses’ quality of work life in Sabzevar University ...
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Objectives Quality of work life has important role in job satisfaction and quality of services. Personality compatibility with profession is one of the issues that affect job satisfaction. This study was conducted for the purpose of evaluation of nurses’ quality of work life in Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, and comparing it with their demographic data and its correlation with personality-profession compatibility.Materials & Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among nurses in Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences by two-stage sampling (quota - random) method. Holland personality-profession compatibility questionnaire and quality of life questionnaire were used for this study, after confirming their reliability and validity by coefficient and expert agreement. The obtained data were entered into SPSS and were analyzed with statistical analysis. Results The average quality of work life in the studied nurses was 20.51 and standard deviation was 4.16. About 39.5% of nurses were dissatisfied with the quality of their work life, 4.8% satisfied, and 1.6% was very satisfied. Personality of the 20.6% of participants was quite compatible, 33.4% was relatively compatible, and 46% was incompatible with nursing profession. Average quality of work life in terms of personality compatibility differences was not statistically significant.Conclusion In this study, the quality of work life has been reported poor, and most nurses showed inappropriate personality for this profession. According to the main results, attention of managers to these two important issues in this group, as the largest health care provider group, was suggested.
Ebrahim Shirzadeh; Mohammadali Javadi; Sepehr Feizi
Volume 22, Issue 4 , September and October 2015, , Pages 694-698
Abstract
Purpose: To report different manifestations of recurrent lattice corneal dystrophy (LCD) in two penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) grafts of a patient. Case Report: A 65-year-old man diagnosed with LCD underwent PKP in both eyes which were performed twice in the right eye 18 and 2 years and once in the left ...
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Purpose: To report different manifestations of recurrent lattice corneal dystrophy (LCD) in two penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) grafts of a patient. Case Report: A 65-year-old man diagnosed with LCD underwent PKP in both eyes which were performed twice in the right eye 18 and 2 years and once in the left eye 16 years before the recent presentation. He complained of decreased visual acuity in both eyes. Best-corrected visual acuity was 2.5 m counting finger in the right eye and 20/100 in the left eye. Follow-up examinations revealed the recurrence of dystrophy characterized by subepithelial and anterior stromal haziness in both grafts and branching stromal lattice figures in the left. Conclusion: Recurrent LCD can have different manifestations in PKP grafts, depending on the follow-up period.
Masoumeh Azizi; Hamid Reza Agha-MohammadiyanShaarbaf; Ali Mashhadi; Mohamad Asghari-Ebrahimabaad
Volume 23, Issue 4 , September and October 2016, , Pages 706-713
Abstract
Background Given the importance of psychological factors in the development and exacerbation of symptoms of migraine, this study aimed to compare the psychological status of patients with migraine with healthy subjects.Methods & Materials The study method is causal-comparative and statistical population ...
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Background Given the importance of psychological factors in the development and exacerbation of symptoms of migraine, this study aimed to compare the psychological status of patients with migraine with healthy subjects.Methods & Materials The study method is causal-comparative and statistical population included all patients of Khatomol-Anbia Hospital in Zahedan who were referred there with headache during the 2015 . Of the patients with headache, migraine patients were identified with a definite diagnosis by a neurologist. A total of 105 people with migraine and 105 normal subjects were considered as control (who had not experienced any headaches). They completed SCL-90 questionnaire and the obtained data analyzed by using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and MANOVA. Software Gpower was used.Results The results showed that between migraine and healthy, there was a psychological state for the new dependent variable component of the composition (F(200,9)=72.41, P<0.001). So that people with migraine compared to non-affected ones, in all components of somatization, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychotic have higher scores than the healthy people (P<0.001).
Health Education
Zahra Keyvanlo; Somayeh Fazayeli; Bita Barghamadi; Aghilallah keykhosravi; Najmeh Sabzevari; Mahboubeh Neamatshahi
Volume 26, Issue 6 , March and April 2020, , Pages 817-825
Abstract
Introduction: responsiveness is one of the main goals of the health system, which reflects the patient's experience of providing services that they receive during the care period. Awareness of the importance of different aspects of patient responsiveness can help to better resources allocation and develop ...
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Introduction: responsiveness is one of the main goals of the health system, which reflects the patient's experience of providing services that they receive during the care period. Awareness of the importance of different aspects of patient responsiveness can help to better resources allocation and develop appropriate strategies for management. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the most important aspectsns of responsiveness from the point of view of referring to Sabzevar health centersMaterials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on persons referred to 10 health centers in Sabzevar city in 2017. six centers were selected Cluster Random Sampling and 40 persons were randomly questioned from each center. Data were collected using the World Health Organization (WHO) questionnaire. Data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical indices in SPSS21 software.Results:In general, all of the different dimensions of responsiveness were very important except dimension of independence from the point of view of referring to Sabzevar health centers. The most important dimension was the right to choose(98.3%) and the low important dimension was the independence(72.9%). Although there was no significant relationship between the importance of general responsiveness and demographic variables, there was a significant relationship between gender and respect for dignity.(p=0.05)Conclusion:Given the results of the study and nature of the public health centers, attention to the priorities of the recipients of servicese specially Autonomy in the field of responsiveness can be a good guide for allocating more resources and increasing the satisfaction of the recipients of the service
Mohammad Hossein Esmaeili; Mohammad Sofiabadi; Hashem Haghdost; Ayda Lotfi; Mahshid Najafi
Volume 22, Issue 5 , November and December 2015, , Pages 862-869
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Although benzodiazepine drugs have notably anxiolytic and amnesic properties, some of β-carbolines, as their inverse agonists, have a stimulating effect on the dopaminergic system and also increase dopamine levels in hippocampus, and could exert anxiogenic and learning-enhancing ...
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Background & Objectives: Although benzodiazepine drugs have notably anxiolytic and amnesic properties, some of β-carbolines, as their inverse agonists, have a stimulating effect on the dopaminergic system and also increase dopamine levels in hippocampus, and could exert anxiogenic and learning-enhancing actions. The goal of present study was to investigate the effects of benzodiazepine receptor inverse agonist Norharmane on memory retention of passive avoidance learning in rats.
Materials & Methods: 40 male wistar rats were divided into control, alcohol and norharmane groups. All rates were trained in a passive avoidance task (50Hz, 1mA, for 3sec). Alcohol (0.2ml) or Norharmane (0.5, 1, 2 mg/kg, i.p.) were injected immediately after training. Retention test was done 48h later. Memory retention of each animal was measured as latency takes to enter the dark chamber of the task.
results: After-training injection of Norharmane improves memory retention in a dose-dependent manner, So that the time spent in the light chamber area before entering to the dark area and Total time spent in the light chamber in the norharmane groups were more than control group. These times in the norharmane (2 mg/kg) group was significantly higher than control group (p<0.001)
Conclusion: According to the findings, Norharmane, as inverse agonists of benzodiazepine receptors in the low doses, through GABA receptors stimulation, improves memory retention and so may be useful for memory improvement.
Nasim Sharif; Alireza Agha Yosefi
Volume 22, Issue 6 , January and February 2016, , Pages 1088-1098
Abstract
Background & Objectives: There is growing evidence that the relationship between coping ways with stress and Coronary Heart Disease.Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the relation between coping ways with stress and IL-6 immunologic biomarker in Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) when faced ...
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Background & Objectives: There is growing evidence that the relationship between coping ways with stress and Coronary Heart Disease.Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the relation between coping ways with stress and IL-6 immunologic biomarker in Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) when faced with a stressful event.
Materials & Methods: Statistical community was all CHD patients referred to Shahid Rajaie Heart Hospital in Tehran in 2012. 44 patients with CHD were chosen from eligible patients. In this study, coping ways questionnaire of Lazarus and Folkman, human IL-6 kit and Stroop color test software were used. For statistical analysis of survey data, statistical methods of mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were utilized. Computer software for data processing in this study was SPSS-17.
Results: The results indicated that, when the patients face with a stressful event, there are significant positive correlation (P<0.001, R=0.635) between emotional focused coping ways with IL-6 immunologic biomarker and significant negative correlation (P<0.001, R=-0.698) between problem focused coping ways and IL-6 immunologic biomarker. Also, when the patients face with a stressful event, from 8 coping ways with stress confidently of 0.99, only positive re-evaluation has significant predict for IL-6 immunologic biomarker (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Results showedthat, when the patients face with a stressful event, the increased use of emotional focused coping ways leads to increase in the level of biomarker IL-6, and increased use of problem focused coping ways leads to decrease in level of biomarker IL-6.
Epidemiology and Statistics
HASSAN naemi; alireza ghorbani; Seyed Mjid Ghazanfari; Maryam Masoudifar; Reza Koshkenaghi
Volume 25, Issue 1 , May and June 2018, , Pages 161-167
Abstract
Introduction: Traffic accidents are the second leading cause of death in the world and the second cause of death in developing regions. In city after cardiovascular diseases as a model country in second place is death. The purpose of this study are important factors in accidents within the city. Materials ...
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Introduction: Traffic accidents are the second leading cause of death in the world and the second cause of death in developing regions. In city after cardiovascular diseases as a model country in second place is death. The purpose of this study are important factors in accidents within the city. Materials and Methods: This study is longitudinal. All the injured were hospitalized population (550 patients) in Shahid Beheshti Hospital due to traffic accidents in the city of Sabzevar, dated 15/03/89 till 15/03/90 was a self-made questionnaire was used. To valid questionnaires from experts Center for Disease Control and traffic control center experts and its reliability was 7/96. A descriptive study analyzed data and the results were presented in tables and charts. Results: 87% of men with the highest frequency of their gender. More age group 20 to 40 years with a 40% share belongs. Most of the victims of the drivers (60%) was formed. Most vehicle crashes Tasyrgzaz with 4/73% motorcycle. 8/84% of vehicle occupants were not using seat belts and 5/92% of drivers not wearing two-wheeled vehicles. 1.27% of vehicles checked were speeding in the city. 6/40% of the drivers in an accident, did not observe traffic rules and the highest percentage of accidents during the hours of 7 am to 12 am occurred Conclusion: In order to reduce traffic accidents, among children and youth culture in the long term and plan to deal with accidental violations, including speeding, non-use of safety belts and helmets are recommended.
Jafar Vatan dost; Shokofeh Hasanabadi
Volume 23, Issue 1 , May and June 2016, , Pages 169-182
Abstract
Nowadays by genetic engineering, recombinant proteins can be produced massively inresponse to demands of industry.Proteins can be expressed in various expression systems and according to the protein type, the expression system can be cell free system, prokaryotic or eukaryotic-based system. For production ...
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Nowadays by genetic engineering, recombinant proteins can be produced massively inresponse to demands of industry.Proteins can be expressed in various expression systems and according to the protein type, the expression system can be cell free system, prokaryotic or eukaryotic-based system. For production of pharmaceutical proteins in most cases post-translational modifications are necessary and mammalian expression systems are the first choice in this regard. However, due to their problems in high production of recombinant proteins, insect expression systems can be an alternative suitable to achieve high expression of many recombinant and complex proteins. In recent year, S2 cell line from Drosophilawas used as the host for the expression of human and non-human recombinant proteins. This system has the advantages such as high cell density and ability to produce folded recombinant proteins with accurate post-translational modifications, especially gamma carboxylation, provides the potential for application in industrial and commercial area.
Mostapha Ghafari; Ali Taheri
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, , Pages 241-249
Abstract
Background: Increasing the resistance of pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics is the new challenges for human Bing. Seaweeds are good sources of raw material for drug products due to the abundance and diversity of secondary metabolites. The major secondary metabolites of marine algae are halogenated compounds, ...
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Background: Increasing the resistance of pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics is the new challenges for human Bing. Seaweeds are good sources of raw material for drug products due to the abundance and diversity of secondary metabolites. The major secondary metabolites of marine algae are halogenated compounds, which show antimicrobial, antifungal and antiviral properties.Materials and Methods: The extraction procedure was conducted by maceration and ultrasounication with organic solvents include methanol and n-hexane. The disk diffusion test, MIC and MBC study was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial properties against bacteria. Data analysis was performed by One Way ANOVA.Results: In this study, Listeria monocytogenes showed highest sensitivity to n-hexanic extract of algae Dictyota cervicornis in 1/5 dilution W/V, in compare to the dilution of 1/10 and 1/15W/V (p>0.05). Soaking method extracts didn’t show any significant effect against the studied bacteria.Conclusion: based on the results, n-Hexanic extract of the Dictyota cervicornis algae showed better antibacterial effects in compare to the Methanolic extract and soaking method. But if biochemical composition of the extract could be recognize, the antibacterial effect of the extract could be enhanced.
Anesthesiology
Mahdi Mirhamidi; Atefeh Asadi; Mahbobeh Nematshahi; Mohammad nematshahi; Manijeh Yousefi; Davood Sourosh; Ali Tajabadi; Adeleh Abdolalizadeh; hossein fahimi
Volume 27, Issue 2 , July and August 2020, , Pages 295-302
Abstract
Abstract:Thiopental Sodium is a commonly used drug in anesthesia, but it is not ideal because barbiturate is prohibited in acute and allergic porphyria, and is not recommended in asthmatic and hypovolemic patients. Propofol is the newest drug in anesthesia due to its rapid onset, short duration of action, ...
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Abstract:Thiopental Sodium is a commonly used drug in anesthesia, but it is not ideal because barbiturate is prohibited in acute and allergic porphyria, and is not recommended in asthmatic and hypovolemic patients. Propofol is the newest drug in anesthesia due to its rapid onset, short duration of action, anti-nausea and a feeling comfort after use, its consumption is increasing. It is also safe in porphyry and asthma. This study compares the use of sodium antiproliferative drug propofol to reduce the need for opiate.Analysis Method:This study was conducted on 173 patients admitted to Sabzevar Hospital. Patients were randomly divided into two study and control groups. Anesthesia induction was performed in the study group with propofol 2. 2 kg / mg and with thiopental sodium 5 kg / mg, in both groups, blood pressure and heart beats were measured before and after induction and minutes 1, 5 and 11 after intubation. Within 1-2-3-4 hours after operation with a pain control chart, the intensity of the pain was checked and the data were recorded.Findings:In the propofol group at the 4th hour, 44 individuals feel mild pain, and 9 had moderate, but severe pain was not reported(P=0/44). In the thiopental group at the fourth hour, 53 patients feel mild pain, 11 had moderate and 5 had severe pain.(P=0/44)Conclusion:Propofol increases the threshold of postoperative pain, so it can be a good alternative to thiopental. Keyword: Thiopental, Propofol, Opiate
Siavoosh Dodangeh; Alireza Moslem; Marjan Vojdani; Mahnaz Narimani Zamanabadi; Mohammad Mansouri nasab; Hesam Abdolhosseinpour
Volume 23, Issue 2 , March and April 2016, , Pages 370-376
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Vertebroplasty is a new and effective treatment for strengthening broken vertebra and reducing the pain arisen from osteoporotic fractures. This study was performed to determine the pain reduction effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty with calcium phosphate in traumatic vertebral ...
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Background & Objectives: Vertebroplasty is a new and effective treatment for strengthening broken vertebra and reducing the pain arisen from osteoporotic fractures. This study was performed to determine the pain reduction effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty with calcium phosphate in traumatic vertebral fractures in patients attending to Laleh, Mehrad and Booali Hospitals in 2012. Materials & Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 18 patients with traumatic fractures in Laleh, Mehrdad and Bu Ali hospitals were studied during the year 2012. The method of purposeful non-probability sampling was used and ethical issues were carefully considered. Pain intensity were determined and compared based on Visual Analog Scale in 3 phases; before and immediately after percutaneous surgery and vertebroplasty with calcium carbonate, and 6 months later. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive statistic method. Results: In this study, at first, the mean preoperative VAS was 8.2 that, subsequently, decreased to 1.68 and zero. Comparison of preoperative and postoperative pain severities demonstrated that 79.6% reduction was observed in the pain and later this amount was increased to 100%. Overly, there was not a relationship between changes in VAS and variables such as leakage in patients, age, calcium carbonate amount, gender and level of involvement. Conclusions: It may be concluded that percutaneous vertebroplasty with calcium phosphate is effective in patients with traumatic vertebral fractures. Choosing the right patient, precise needle placement with fluoroscopic guide, timely injection of cement and experience play key roles in the success of this method.
Maliheh Dalili
Volume 25, Issue 3 , July and August 2018, , Pages 429-440
Abstract
جهت همگام شدن با تحولات ایجاد شده در امر آموزش و گذار از یادگیری سنتی به سمت یادگیری الکترونیکی، پژوهش حاضر به بررسی یکی از زیر ساختهای مورد نیاز یعنی آمادگی فراگیران ...
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جهت همگام شدن با تحولات ایجاد شده در امر آموزش و گذار از یادگیری سنتی به سمت یادگیری الکترونیکی، پژوهش حاضر به بررسی یکی از زیر ساختهای مورد نیاز یعنی آمادگی فراگیران جهت پیاده سازی و اجرای موفقیت آمیز نظام یادگیری الکترونیکی در دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار می پردازد. پژوهش حاضر از نوع توصیفی-پیمایشی بود که برروی 218 نفر از دانشجویان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار که در نیمسال اول تحصیلی 93-94 مشغول به تحصیل بودند، انجام گرفت، روش نمونهگیری به صورت تصادفی طبقه ای بود. میزان آمادگی برای یادگیری الکترونیکی با استفاده از پرسشنامه استاندارد آمادگی یادگیری الکترونیکی که روایی آن توسط تعدادی از متخصصان تایید شده و پایایی پرسشنامه نیز توسط آلفای کرونباخ بدست آمده() مناسب تشخیص داده شدنتایج نشان داد که بین دانشجویان رشتههای مختلف و آمادگی یادگیری الکترونیکی آنان تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد.تجزیه و تحلیل یافته ها نشان داد که دانشجویان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار جهت شرکت در دورههای یادگیری الکترونیکی از عدم آمادگی برخوردارند. لذا توصیه می گردد با فراهم آوری زیرساخت های مورد نیاز و برگزاری دوره های آموزشی و تاکید بر اهمیت یادگیری الکترونیکی در عصر حاضر در جهت ارتقای آمادگی آن گام برداشت.
Physiology & Pharmacology
Jafar Ahmadpouri; saeid valipour chahardah charic; mahbubeh setorki
Volume 27, Issue 3 , September and October 2020, , Pages 475-482
Abstract
Introduction:Severe stressful incidents are associated with the risk of mental disorders such as depression and anxiety. Regarding the adverse effects of anti-depressants/anxiety drugs, researcher’s attention have been focused on finding natural ingredients. The aim of the present study was to ...
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Introduction:Severe stressful incidents are associated with the risk of mental disorders such as depression and anxiety. Regarding the adverse effects of anti-depressants/anxiety drugs, researcher’s attention have been focused on finding natural ingredients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Adiantum capillus veneris extract on depression and anxiety induced by acute stress in male rats.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 40 male Balb/C mice were randomly divided into 5 groups including control group (under acute stress receiving normal saline), intervention groups (under acute stress receiving extract of Adiantum capillus venerisat doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg), and positive control (under acute stress receiving diazepam). Acute stress was induced by electric shock (0.5 mA, 2 min) and immobilization in restrainer (2 hours) for one time. Extract and drug were administered intraperitoneally for 21 days and then anxiety, depression and Motor activity were evaluated by forced swimming, elevated plus maze (EPM) and open filed tests respectively.
Results: Treatment of stressed mice with different doses of Adiantum capillus veneris extractsignificantly decreased the immobility time in the forced swimming test in comparison with the control group (P <0.05). Treatment of stressed mice with 400 mg/kg of Adiantum capillus veneris extractsignificantly increased the entry into the open arms and significantly decreased the number of entery into the closed arms of EPM (P<0.05). Different doses of extract had no significant effect on the number of line-crossing in the open field test as compared with the control group.
Conclusion: Adiantum capillus veneris extract showed antidepressant and anti-anxiolytic effects in mice under acute stress.
Razieh Khosro Rad; Sakineh Soltani Kouhbanani
Volume 23, Issue 3 , July and August 2016, , Pages 532-539
Abstract
Background Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurological disorder-behavior which is common among children, affecting their performance with respect to social, educational and family aspects. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of perceptual-motor exercises ...
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Background Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurological disorder-behavior which is common among children, affecting their performance with respect to social, educational and family aspects. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of perceptual-motor exercises on improving the motor capabilities of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Materials & Methods This research is a semi-experimental one. The study populations of the research were elementary boy students with ADHD living in Ilam City, Iran during the academic year 2012-2013. The sample consisted of 30 boy students who were of 7-12 years old with ADHD, which were examined according to DSM-IV criteria and Conner's questionnaire and selected as the case group undergone test motor development (Lincoln Oseretsky test). They were divided randomly into control and experimental groups. The experimental group received 24 sessions intervention. Posttest was performed for both groups. The obtained data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics, and independent t test through using SPSS version 13.Results The results showed that cognitive-movement exercise improved mobility problems of students with ADHD. Therefore it is recommended to increase the physical fitness of children with ADHD in schools and, thus for improving motor impairment, cognitive-movement training exercises be performed.Conclusion Based on research findings, it can be concluded that cognitive-movement exercises improves mobility problems of students with ADHD. Therefore, it is recommended that, to increase the physical fitness of children in schools and thus for improving their motor impairment, cognitive-movement training exercises be performed.
Mohammadtaghi Samadi; Monireh Tarlani Azar; Halimeh Almasi; Samaneh Shanehsaz; Roya Harati
Volume 22, Issue 4 , September and October 2015, , Pages 699-707
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Fluoride concentration in drinking water is one of the effective parameters in human health, and the majority of the body's requirement for fluoride is supplied through drinking water. Fluoride in low concentration is essential for human but in high concentration is very ...
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Background & Objectives: Fluoride concentration in drinking water is one of the effective parameters in human health, and the majority of the body's requirement for fluoride is supplied through drinking water. Fluoride in low concentration is essential for human but in high concentration is very hazardous for human health. In the present study, the efficiency of modified-clay and lime-marl as adsorbents was investigated for the elimination of fluoride from aqueous solution. Material & Methods: This experimental study was conducted at the Hamedan University of Medical Sciences in 2014. The effects of several parameters such as pH (4, 7 and 10), the adsorbent dosage (1, 5 and 10 g/L), initial concentration of fluoride (5, 10 and 15 mg/L), contact time (15-120 min) on the removal have been studied. Also, the structural characteristics of both adsorbents were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR). Results: According to the results obtained, the removal efficiency of fluoride, at concentration 10 mg/L and the approximate time of 60 min, in the case of clay-modified adsorbent is 95.23% and in the case of lime-marl adsorbent is about 28.71%. Langmuir and Freundlich coefficients were determined in the optimum conditions, and the adsorption isotherm could be described by the Langmuir model(R2=0.9907). Kinetic study showed that the equilibrium time was 60 min. The adsorption kinetics fitted well with the Ho pseudo second-order kinetic model (R2=0.994). Conclusion: According to our finding, it is proposed that the adsorption process of fluoride by clay-modified is very efficient and economics for fluoride removal from aqueous solution.
Fatah Moradi; Soran Heidari; Akbar Pejhan
Volume 23, Issue 4 , September and October 2016, , Pages 714-723
Abstract
Background Physical inactivity and obesity have been directly associated with elevated inflammatory markers involving in atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and Type II diabetes. The purpose of this study was to survey the effect of 12-week aerobic training on serum levels of interleukin-18 (IL-18) ...
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Background Physical inactivity and obesity have been directly associated with elevated inflammatory markers involving in atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and Type II diabetes. The purpose of this study was to survey the effect of 12-week aerobic training on serum levels of interleukin-18 (IL-18) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in sedentary obese men.Methods & Materials In this clinical trial study, 20 sedentary obese men were randomly placed at two groups: aerobic training (n=10, age: 27.8±3.2 y, body fat percentage: 31.7±3.4, BMI: 32.0±3.5 kg/m2) and control (n=11, age: 26.7±2.6 y, body fat percentage 31.4±3.2, BMI: 32.3±2.8 kg/m2). For all subjects, height, weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, maximal oxygen consumption, serum levels of IL-18, and hsCRP (after 12 h fasting) were assessed prior to and after training. Aerobic training was accomplished for 12 weeks (3 sessions per week, intensity 60%-70% of the reserved heart rate, duration of each session 20-40 min). Data were analyzed by SPSS-16 by performing two-way ANOVA with repeated measures test. Statistical significance was accepted at PResults Twelve weeks aerobic training decreased serum levels of IL-18 and hsCRP in sedentary obese men, while no significant changes were observed in the control group.Conclusion It appears that aerobic training can, via influencing on parameters IL-18 and hsCRP, play an important role in reducing incidence of atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and Type II diabetics in sedentary obese men.
Somayyeh Akberi; Abdolmotalleb Seyyed Mohammadi; Javad Fardmal; Qorban Asgari
Volume 22, Issue 5 , November and December 2015, , Pages 870-878
Abstract
Background: Phenol is one of the toxic saline wastewater pollutants that is considered as priority pollutants since it is necessary treatment and reached the phenol concentration to the level of effluent discharge standard before discharge into the environment. In this study the performance of electro-Fenton ...
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Background: Phenol is one of the toxic saline wastewater pollutants that is considered as priority pollutants since it is necessary treatment and reached the phenol concentration to the level of effluent discharge standard before discharge into the environment. In this study the performance of electro-Fenton process in phenolic saline waste water treatment and the removal degree of COD were investigated. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study a reactor (1 litre) which was equipped to four iron electrodes and a DC power supply used to remove phenol and COD. The effect of operating parameters such as phenol initial concentration, H2O2 dosage, electrolyte concentration, pH, current density, connection time and type of electrode connection were investigated. Results: The results showed that this process using iron electrodes with parallel monopole connections is able to leave out the phenol from saline waste water by 96% and the removal COD equals 59% in operating conditions: pH= 3, initial phenol concentration=500mg/l, H2O2 concentration = 150 mg/L, Hydrogen peroxide at a current density = 15 mA/cm2at 10 minutes. Conclusion: The results showed that electrochemical processes can be considered as a better suitable substitute rather than other methods due to saline content and high electrical conductivity in saline wastewater.
Maryam Najafi; Moeen Farshchian; Esmaeel Rostami; Gholamreza Karami Madani; Abolfazl Rad
Volume 22, Issue 6 , January and February 2016, , Pages 1099-1104
Abstract
Background and purposes: Esophageal Squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is ranked as the sixth cause of cancer-related death. However there are chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical as standard treatment, for this cancer the survival rate is lower. Therefore, clarification of molecular pathways are needed ...
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Background and purposes: Esophageal Squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is ranked as the sixth cause of cancer-related death. However there are chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical as standard treatment, for this cancer the survival rate is lower. Therefore, clarification of molecular pathways are needed for diagnosis, prevention and treatment. In this study we aimed to evaluate the ectopic expression of SOX2 and its correlation with Notch signaling pathways. Materials and Methods: Using lentiviral SOX2, we did transduction in KYSE 30 cells and over-expressed SOX2. Then, we confirmed the overexpression by Real time PCR. Also the correlation of SOX2 overexpression with Notch signaling factors was assessed by Real time PCR. Results: The over-expression of SOX2 in KYSE 30 give rise to up-regulation of Notch signaling factors. Conclusion: Our data showed, the overexpression of SOX2 causes overexpression of HEY1 and HEY2 which maintain stemness in ESCC. These concepts will require deeper studies to use as biomarker for ESCC.
Hasan Ramshini; Abdollah Mehrabadi; Alireza Moslem
Volume 23, Issue 1 , May and June 2016, , Pages 183-195
Abstract
Backgrounds & Objectives: Aggregates of β-amyloid protein are the main constituent of senile plaques and considered to be one of the causative events in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Compounds that could inhibit Aβ fibrils formation and or reduce their associated neurotoxicity ...
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Backgrounds & Objectives: Aggregates of β-amyloid protein are the main constituent of senile plaques and considered to be one of the causative events in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Compounds that could inhibit Aβ fibrils formation and or reduce their associated neurotoxicity might have therapeutic values for treating AD. Although curcumin has shown promising therapeutic utilities for many diseases, including Alzheimer, its clinical application is severely limited because of its poor stability under physiological conditions. In this study, the inhibitory effects of 2,6-bis(3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)-1-cyclohexanone on aggregation and neurotoxicity of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) and, also, on spatial learning and memory of rats were evaluated. Methods: 30 male wistar rates (250-280 g) were divided into 5 groups: control, received scopolamine, received lysozyme amyloid aggregates, received lysozyme aggregates formed in presence of Curcumin and/or Curcumin derivative. The Morris Water maze was used for studying the spatial learning memory. Results: The results showed that, in comparison with receiver groups of lysozyme aggregates alone, the receiver rats of the aggregates formed in the presence curcumin and its derivative found platform in less time and with less distance traveled. The hippocampal injection of HEWL aggregates damaged the spatial memory of rates. Meanwhile amyloid aggregates formed in presence of curcumin or curcumin derivative were nontoxic and had no significant effect on spatial memory in rats. Conclusions: These observations suggest that Curcumin and its derivativeare are capable to insert directly into amyloidogenic core of early aggregates and inhibiting amyloid fibril formation. Also, this study showed the importance of using model proteins as a valid tool to investigate the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease.
Fatemeh Farzanpoor; mohammad hasan rabiee; mojtaba Fattahi
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, , Pages 251-258
Abstract
Background: Considering the necessity of hospital infection control because of the long recovery time and increasing the mortality of patients as well as the lack of accurate reports and statistics of some hospitals, the prevalence of nosocomial infections and associated factors were examined in Vasei ...
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Background: Considering the necessity of hospital infection control because of the long recovery time and increasing the mortality of patients as well as the lack of accurate reports and statistics of some hospitals, the prevalence of nosocomial infections and associated factors were examined in Vasei Hospital of Sabzevar during the years of 2009-2013. Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive-analytical research. Of 89429 patients admitted during the years of 2009-2013, 1046 cases of patients with nosocomial infections in Vasei Hospital of Sabzevar were studied using SPSS version 22 and chi-square test.Results: According to the result of this study, the prevalence of nosocomial infections in all wards of the hospital was 1.2 percent (1046 patients), and the prevalence of nosocomial infections based on the type of infection in hospitalized patients was infections of urinary tract, 0.4% (367 patients), respiratory, 0.5 % (468 patients), anemia, 0.1 % (52 patients), and surgical wounds, 0.3% (277 persons). The most common nosocomial infection was related to the respiratory infections, which is 44 percent of all infections cases. A significant relationship between age, sex and type of infection was not observed. The most common isolated microorganism was coagulase-negative Staphylococci.Conclusion: With accepted prevalence and compare to other studies, the prevalence of nosocomial infections has been reported less than the standard. The results of our research encourage us to standardize the hospital infection reports reported by hospitals as well as solve available problems.
Health Education
masoumeh motamedi; NOOSHIN PEYMAN; monavar afzalaghaee
Volume 27, Issue 2 , July and August 2020, , Pages 304-311
Abstract
Self-efficacy is a predictor of health behaviors, including physical activity and eating habits. Health literacy is the capacity of individuals to obtain, process and understand information and basic health services needed for health decision making. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect ...
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Self-efficacy is a predictor of health behaviors, including physical activity and eating habits. Health literacy is the capacity of individuals to obtain, process and understand information and basic health services needed for health decision making. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of education based on self-efficacy theory on health literacy, self-efficacy of regular eating habits and self-efficacy of regular physical activity in second-grade female studentsMaterials and MethodsThis research was a Semi-experimental study in which 92 female students aged 15-18 years were randomly selected through simple random sampling and assigned to two groups of test and control. Data gathering tools were demographic information, Health Literacy (NVS), self-efficacy of regular eating habits and self-efficacy of regular physical activity questionnaires. Educational intervention was designed and implemented in a 40-minute training session in the experimental group. Data analysis was done using descriptive and analytical tests by SPSS software.ResultsBefore intervention, there was no significant difference between the two test and control groups in terms of mean score of health literacy, self-efficacy of regular eating habits and self-efficacy of regular physical activity. But after intervention, there was a significant difference in health literacy score (P= 0.001), self-efficacy of regular eating habits (P
Ali Mohammadpour; Mehdi Basiri Moghaddam; Narges Saber
Volume 23, Issue 2 , March and April 2016, , Pages 377-385
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Coronary artery disease is the most common cardiovascular disease and cause of a lot of deaths worldwide. In patients with this disease, symptom management is performed both pharmacologically and non-pharmacologically. Rhythmic breathing is one of the non-pharmacological ...
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Background & Objectives: Coronary artery disease is the most common cardiovascular disease and cause of a lot of deaths worldwide. In patients with this disease, symptom management is performed both pharmacologically and non-pharmacologically. Rhythmic breathing is one of the non-pharmacological proposed methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rhythmic breathing on the cardiorespiratory parameters in Acute Coronary Syndrome patients admitted at CCU. Methods: In this clinical trial, 80 patients with acute coronary syndrome were randomly divided into two interventional and control groups. The intervention group performed the rhythmic breathing for 20 minutes every 5 minutes once and it took 1 minute, and any intervention was not performed in the control group, but routine medical procedures were similar in both groups. Before and after the intervention, blood pressure, heart rate, respiration and oxygen saturation were recorded. The study instrument consisted of a demographic questionnaire and a data sheet for recording physiologic parameters, and the data were analyzed by using SPSS software. P values less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results:Based on the findings, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in systolic blood pressure (P=0.65), diastolic blood pressure (P=0.53), respiratory rate (P=0.12), the rhythm of respiration (P=0.74), heart rate (P=0.61), the rhythm of the heartbeat (P=0.5) and arterial oxygen saturation (P= 0.67). Conclusion: Despite the lack of significant findings in this study, rhythmic breathing can be conducted in other cardiovascular diseases with a larger sample size, profiting from its potential benefits.