Physiology & Pharmacology
Roya Kaveh; Mohammad Amin Edalatmanesh
Volume 29, Issue 2 , July and August 2022, , Pages 268-280
Abstract
Introduction: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) induced excitotoxicity leads to oxidative stress in different areas of the brain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of coenzyme Q10 (Co-Q10) on amelioration of short-term and long-term memory and oxidative stress parameters in MSG-treated ...
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Introduction: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) induced excitotoxicity leads to oxidative stress in different areas of the brain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of coenzyme Q10 (Co-Q10) on amelioration of short-term and long-term memory and oxidative stress parameters in MSG-treated rats.Material and Methods: In this experimental study, 40 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups including control, MSG, MSG + Q10-10 and MSG + Q10-20. MSG gavage (4 mg / kg) and coenzyme Q10 injection at doses of 10 and 20 mg / kg (intraperitoneally; i.p.) were performed for 4 weeks. Then, short-term working memory was assessed using the Y maze and long-term avoidance memory was performed with the shuttle box. Hippocampal level of catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined by ELISA method and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was determined by thiobarbituric acid method.Results: In MSG group, there was a significant decrease in alteration behavior, increased latency time to the dark room of the shuttle box, decreased CAT, TAC expression and increased MDA compared to the control group (p <0.05). While in the Q10 treated groups, there was an increase in working and avoidance memory, an increase in CAT and TAC expression and a decrease in MDA in the hippocampus compared to the MSG group (p˂0.05).Conclusion: It seems that Co-Q10 ameliorates MSG induced neurotoxicity and cognitive symptoms through preventing oxidative stress in the hippocampus.
Physiology & Pharmacology
Mehdi Goudarzi; Hamidreza Khalili; Mohammadreza Rashidi Nooshabadi; Alireza Malayeri
Volume 28, Issue 4 , September and October 2021, , Pages 621-633
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes is a metabolic disease that can cause neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. Considering the vital role of mitochondria in aerobic metabolism, its function is significantly related to the pathophysiology of diabetes. In addition, mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species ...
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Introduction: Diabetes is a metabolic disease that can cause neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. Considering the vital role of mitochondria in aerobic metabolism, its function is significantly related to the pathophysiology of diabetes. In addition, mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) from organic fuel molecules during the process of oxidative phosphorylation; according to evidence, ROS and the oxidative stress caused by them are very important for the pathophysiology of diabetes and its complications.In addition to causing oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) impair mitochondrial function and are responsible for major complications of diabetes, such as nephropathy and retinopathy.
Materials and Methods: This review was written based on findings from a search of the Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar databases from 1974 to 2019.
Results: Mitochondria, due to their essential role in energy production and cell survival, lead to impaired cell function leading to oxidative stress and apoptosis. On the other hand, free radicals and AGEs due to their specific functional properties result in impairing mitochondrial function and play an important role in the pathophysiology of diabetes.
Conclusion Conclude that the reduction of free radicals, inhibition of AGEs, and protection of the proper function of mitochondria can be considered as the strategy to treat and improve the diabetes complications.
Gyneocology
Farzaneh Montazerifar; Marzieh Ghasemi; Rasul Taghvaee far; Mahdieh Keykhahnejad; Mansour Karajibani; Ebrahim Alijani
Volume 28, Issue 2 , May and June 2021, , Pages 294-301
Abstract
Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common hormonal disorders in women of infertility. Women with PCOS are at high risk for early cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidative stress, inflammatory factors and other cardiovascular risk factors ...
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Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common hormonal disorders in women of infertility. Women with PCOS are at high risk for early cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidative stress, inflammatory factors and other cardiovascular risk factors in patients with PCOS. Materials and methods: In this case-control study, 50 women with PCOS and 50 healthy women referred to Zahedan Infertility Clinic who were matched for age and BMI were selected by convenient sampling method. Anthropometric parameters, biochemical tests, C3 and C4 complements, TAC and MDA levels were measured in all subjects. Data were analyzed using independent t-test and analysis of variance at the significant level P Results: Results showed that mean waist circumference (P = 0.048), systolic blood pressure (P <0.01) and diastolic (P = 0.048), serum LDLC levels (P = 0.05) and MDA (P <0.0001) were significantly higher in women with PCOS and serum HDL-C levels (P = 0.03) and TAC (P = 0.05) were significantly lower than control group. Mean serum levels of C3 and C4 were higher in the PCOS group than in the control group, but this difference was only significant for C3 (P = 0.03) . Conclusion: The findings showed that levels of dyslipidemia, oxidative stress and inflammatory factors were higher in PCOS women with abdominal obesity. Thus, screening of these factors and weight management, especially in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome, is recommended in treatment strategy.
immunology & Biochemistry
Maryam Khalesi
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, , Pages 251-258
Abstract
AbstractBackground: Physical activity and exercise along with nutrition and hygiene, are major factors in prevention of diseases. Due to increase in pulmonary disease prevalence in recent decades and the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of these diseases, the purpose of this study was to ...
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AbstractBackground: Physical activity and exercise along with nutrition and hygiene, are major factors in prevention of diseases. Due to increase in pulmonary disease prevalence in recent decades and the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of these diseases, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a period swimming exercise on Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) and Forkhead box O3 (FoxO3a) genes expression in lung tissue of wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty wistar rats with the weight of 102 ± 23 g randomly divided into two groups: exercise (n=10) and control (n=10). The exercise protocol included three months of swimming exercise (5 times per week) which begun from 25 minutes in the first week (4 liters per minute) and reached to 60 minutes (10 liters per minute) in the final week. Real time- PCR method was used to assess the genes expression of Sirt1 and FoxO3a in lung tissue. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality and Independent t test was used to compare the group (α
Mohammadreza Yeylaghi Ashrafi; Valiollah Dabidi Roshan
Volume 22, Special Issue , March and April 2016, , Pages 1126-1138
Abstract
Background and purpose: The aim of the present study was to systematic review for the influence of aerobic and anaerobic exercise of the acute and chronic on selected markers of oxidative Stress based on the animal and human studies published in persian journals. Methods and Materials: This present was ...
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Background and purpose: The aim of the present study was to systematic review for the influence of aerobic and anaerobic exercise of the acute and chronic on selected markers of oxidative Stress based on the animal and human studies published in persian journals. Methods and Materials: This present was performed on articles published up to 1 August 2014. Databases such as Magiran, SID and Scholar Google searched for terms: Oxidative Stress, SOD, MDA, Exercise And Training. All the relevant Persian written articles were evaluated by two independent researchers and relevant articles with moderate and high qualities was selected for systematic review. Articles (of total 1163 articles) were evaluated by reading their title, abstracts and full text; 38 full text articles evaluated and only 22 of them fulfilled the inclusion criteria and entered the review. Results: In human studies it was found that regular aerobic exercises lead to a significant and non-significant increase in MDA values. On the other hand, a significant increase was detected in SOD values in the exercising group compared to the control group following 8 weeks of aerobic exercise. However, based on findings from animal research domain, it was found that implementation of at least 8 weeks of aerobic exercise is necessary for down regulation of MDA values and 6 weeks for up regulation of profit values. Conclusion: Present study indicates the lack of high-quality reports on the impact of regular aerobic or anaerobic exercises on resting levels or in response to a bout of intense exercise, especially on human subjects and the few reports of average quality did not also represent a homogeneous finding.
Mryam Salehi; Mehvash Jafari; Alireza Asgari
Volume 21, Issue 6 , January and February 2015, , Pages 1081-1089
Abstract
Background: Diazinon (DZN) is one of the most widely used organophosphates in agriculture. Vitamins C and E are antioxidants protecting cells from oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective role of vitamins E and C as antioxidant in reduction of DZN-induced oxidative stress ...
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Background: Diazinon (DZN) is one of the most widely used organophosphates in agriculture. Vitamins C and E are antioxidants protecting cells from oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective role of vitamins E and C as antioxidant in reduction of DZN-induced oxidative stress in rat liver.
Materials and Methods: In present experimental study, male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups including control group (corn oil as DZN solvent), DZN group (100 mg/kg), vitamin E group (150 mg/kg), vitamin C group (200 mg/kg), vitamin E+DZN group and vitamin C+DZN group which were given intraperitoneally. Animals were anesthetized by ether 24 hours after injectionand liver tissues were quickly removed. After tissues homogenization, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, as well as glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined by biochemical methods. The data were statistically analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc analysis using Tukey test.
Results: DZN increased SOD, CAT, LDH and GST activities and MDA level and decreased GSH content in liver. Administration of vitamins E and C inhibited the changed in these parameters.
Conclusion: Vitamins E and C as antioxidant decrease DZN-induced oxidative stress in rat liver by scavenging free radicals but they does not protect completely.
Mohammadreza Rajabi; Mehrdad Roghani; Zeynab Adab
Volume 21, Issue 6 , January and February 2015, , Pages 1123-1133
Abstract
Background and Aim: Diabetes mellitus is accompanied with higher incidence of cardiovascular disorders. Due to antioxidant activity of the flavonoid myricetin, this study was conducted to evaluate its effect on contractile and relaxation response of thoracic aorta in diabetic rats and to determine the ...
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Background and Aim: Diabetes mellitus is accompanied with higher incidence of cardiovascular disorders. Due to antioxidant activity of the flavonoid myricetin, this study was conducted to evaluate its effect on contractile and relaxation response of thoracic aorta in diabetic rats and to determine the role of oxidative stress.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups, i.e. control, myricetin-treated control (1 mg/kg), diabetic, and myricetin-treated diabetic groups (1 mg/kg). Myricetin was daily administered (i.p.) ten days after streptozotocin injection for 3 weeks. At the end of study, contractile reactivity of thoracic aortic rings to KCl and phenylephrine and relaxation response to acetylcholine was determined using isolated tissue setup. In addition, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite were assessed in aortic tissue.
Results: Myricetin -treated diabetic group showed a non-significantly lower maximum contraction to KCl and a significantly lower maximum contraction to phenylephrine (p
Hoda Khorram; Aloasghar Ravasi; Mehdi Hedayati; Ali Samadi; abbasali Gaeini
Volume 20, Issue 3 , September and October 2013, , Pages 389-399
Abstract
Background: Reactive oxygen species have an important role in the development of diabetes and its complications. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of resistance training on oxidative stress in heart of diabetic rats.
Material and methods: In an experimental study, ...
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Background: Reactive oxygen species have an important role in the development of diabetes and its complications. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of resistance training on oxidative stress in heart of diabetic rats.
Material and methods: In an experimental study, 24 Wistar rats divided into two groups, 1. Resistance training (n = 12), and 2. Control group (n = 12). Induction of diabetes was done by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 50 mg/kg dissolved in phosphate buffer (pH, 4.5). The training protocol consisted of 1 set of 10 climbing with the weight attached to the base of the tail, three times per week and for 8 weeks. Forty eight hours after last training session, animals were anesthetized blood was taken directly from the heart and then the heart removed and left ventricles were isolated and used for biochemical assessments. All the statistical analysis was done by SPSS software version 16. Level of significance was set at α
V ZAROUSHANI; SB MORTAZAVI; A KHAVANIN; A REZAEI; R MIRZAEI
Volume 14, Issue 4 , January and February 2008, , Pages 238-245
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Application of 9/5 MHz microwaves in mobiles causes thermal and non-thermal effects. Due to occupational exposure to microwaves particularly in telecommunication operators, and due to the importance of antioxidants in immune system and prevention of diseases, this study was designed ...
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Background and Purpose: Application of 9/5 MHz microwaves in mobiles causes thermal and non-thermal effects. Due to occupational exposure to microwaves particularly in telecommunication operators, and due to the importance of antioxidants in immune system and prevention of diseases, this study was designed to investigate the biological effects of 915 MHz microwaves in mobiles on antioxidant changes and their eversibility to normal after disconnected exposure.
Methods and Materials: This experimental study was conducted on 14 white male rabbits (three month old/1400-1700 gr) of pure NewZealand race. They were randomly assigned into case and control groups. Case rabbits were exposed, for three weeks 8 hours a day, to simulated mobile microwaves of 915 MHz frequency and mean density of 0.6789 mW/cm2 in radiation chamber. In order to investigate the reversibility of antioxidant capacity to normal, the exposure was disconnected for two weeks. Blood samples by cardiac puncture were obtained from both groups in three intervals (after 3 weeks exposure, after one week rest, again after two weeks) and plasma antioxidant was measured by FRAP assay. The absorption rate of TPT2-Fe+2 was read in 593 nm by spectrophotometer. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using ANOVA and Tukey testes.
Results: The results of mean comparison of antioxidant concentration in control rabbits (890.61±104.555 mmol/lit) and case rabbits after threeweek exposure (630.61±151.08 mmol/lit) showed significant differences. The results of mean comparison of antioxidant concentration in control rabbits (870.28±104.55 mmol/lit) and case rabbits after a one-week disconnection (575.33±132.58 mmol/lit) and two weeks after disconnected exposure (526.66±20.66 mmol/lit) indicated that the induced effects were not reversible, and that they are statistically different from control rabbits' antioxidant mean.
Conclusion: Mobile-induced microwaves decreases plasma antioxidant capacity and it can be a harmful physical effect. Disconnection from exposure for two weeks is not sufficient for returning antioxidant capacity to normal due to occupational chronic exposure to mobile microwave radiation, chain reactions producing radicals and their persistence or stability or causing instability to parent molecules.
M ESFAHANI; L HAGH NAZARI; MR SAFARI; N SHEYKH; M KOURKI
Volume 14, Issue 2 , July and August 2007, , Pages 89-94
Abstract
Background and purpose: Oxidative stress is a reaction characterized with an imbalance between Oxidative and antiocidative agents. Lipid perocidation is one of the widely-known biological effects of oxid Oxidative stress. In hemodialysis patients, lipid peroxidation is likely to increase due to free ...
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Background and purpose: Oxidative stress is a reaction characterized with an imbalance between Oxidative and antiocidative agents. Lipid perocidation is one of the widely-known biological effects of oxid Oxidative stress. In hemodialysis patients, lipid peroxidation is likely to increase due to free radicals release from various sources. This study is therefore, intended to determine the effect of hemodialysis on lipid peroxidation changes in hemodialysis patients.
Methods and Materials: In this descriptive-analytical study, samples (17 men and 10 women) were selected through convenient sampling; they had a history of 6-12 month hemodialysis. Malondialdehyde (MDA), an index for lipid peroxidation, was measured by TBA standardized method. Relevant statistical tests were used for data analysis.
Results: Mean MDA before and after hemodialysis were 4.17±1.24 and 4.98±1.2 mmol/l respectively; and the difference was significant. Also, a significant difference was found to exist between male and female mean MDA before and after hemodialysis.
Conclusion: The findings revealed that oxidative stress manifests as increased lipid peroxidation after hemodialysis. Therefore, due to the important role of oxidative stress in causing and developing hemodialysis complication, appropriate measures can be taken to inhibit these reactions in order to take effective steps in patients' recovery.