MohammadHossein Esmaeili; Hashem Haghdoost Yazdy; Mohammad Sofiabadi; Hasan Ajdari Zarmehri
Volume 17, Issue 1 , March and April 2010, Pages 6-12
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Glutamatergic system has a role on morphine withdrawal sign, and magnesium has inhibitory effect on the NMDA receptors of glutamatergic system. The present study aimed to determine the effects of magnesium injection on morphine withdrawal signs in male and female rats. Materials ...
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Background and Purpose: Glutamatergic system has a role on morphine withdrawal sign, and magnesium has inhibitory effect on the NMDA receptors of glutamatergic system. The present study aimed to determine the effects of magnesium injection on morphine withdrawal signs in male and female rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 48 Male and female rats (200-250 gr) were used. The animals divided into 6 equal groups: two male and female control groups received normal saline; two male and female groups receiving magnesium sulfate 150 mg/kg; and the last two groups receiving magnesium sulfate 300 mg/kg. All groups received 3% sucrose in tap water with morphine 0.4mg/ml (for 21 days) to become addicted. In the end of 21st day, NS or magnesium administrated 30 min before naloxone (2mg/kg) and then withdrawal signs evaluated for next 30 min. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using ANOVA and complementary tests with p
Mostafa Sadeghi; AliReza Saliminai; Ali movafegh
Volume 17, Issue 1 , March and April 2010, Pages 13-20
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Use of intrathecal opioids causes an increase in the block depth of anesthetics and duration of analgesia. Intrathecal opioids are associated with side effects such as itching, nausea and vomiting. However, the use of NSAIDs reduces itching induced by intrathecal opioids. Therefore, ...
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Background and Purpose: Use of intrathecal opioids causes an increase in the block depth of anesthetics and duration of analgesia. Intrathecal opioids are associated with side effects such as itching, nausea and vomiting. However, the use of NSAIDs reduces itching induced by intrathecal opioids. Therefore, the present study intends to determine and compare the effects of nanogram celecoxib on reducing the incidence and intensity of intrathecal meperidine-induced pruritus. Methods and Materials: This double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 90 patients undergoing caesarean section. Patients were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 25ng/kg or 100ng/kg celecoxib and the control group received oral placebo. Patients under spinal anesthesia received meperidine 10mg with intrathecal Bupivacaine 0.5%. Then, pruritus was assessed 0, 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours after surgery, and were recorded by scoring criteria. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using one-way ANOVA, chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. Values below 5% were considered significant. Results: The difference of the two groups in their age, weight and oral intake was not significant (confidence interval 95%). The incidence of itching in the experimental groups of 25ng/kg (p=0.049) or 100ng/kg celecoxib (p=0.001) in 0 and 2 hours after surgery were significantly lower than the control group; also, the intensity of itching 2 hours after surgery was significantly lower then the control group (p=0.001). Conclusion: Nanogram doses of Celecoxib can be used for reducing the incidence and intensity of meperidine induced pruritus.
Saeed Faghih; Behzad Feizzadeh; Habibollah Esmaili; Elaheh Erami; Hasan Ajdari Zarmehri
Volume 17, Issue 1 , March and April 2010, Pages 21-26
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is initial treatment of choice for most calculi in the kidney. Although ESWL has many side effects one of which is cardiac arrhythmia, occurring mostly in non-synchronized mode. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of ...
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Background and Purpose: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is initial treatment of choice for most calculi in the kidney. Although ESWL has many side effects one of which is cardiac arrhythmia, occurring mostly in non-synchronized mode. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy on electrocardiogram changes in patients with renal stone. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was carried out on 75 patients with renal stone who were selected by non-probability and convenience sampling. Then electrocardiograph was obtained from participants before, during and after lithotripsy. The relationship between ESWL-associated arrhythmia and autonomic neural activity was evaluated by heart rate spectral analysis. Electrocardiogram changes were interpreted and the data were analyzed in SPSS and SAS using chi-square, independent t-test, paired t-test, McNemar, Cochrane, One-way ANOVA and general linear model. Results: ESWL was found to elicit new or worsened electrocardiogram changes in 66.7 percent patients with no previous cardiac disease. A statistically significant correlation was demonstrated between the presence of ventricular premature contractions and analgesic drugs (p
Marziyeh Vaezy; HamidReza Aghamohamadian; Bahram Ali Ghanbari
Volume 17, Issue 1 , March and April 2010, Pages 27-32
Abstract
Background and Purpose: The effect of stress on diabetes is a complex issue but its relationship with blood sugar level and diabetes control has been clarified. The present study was carried out to compare the stressor and coping strategies in subjects with diabetes and normal subjects. Methods and Materials: ...
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Background and Purpose: The effect of stress on diabetes is a complex issue but its relationship with blood sugar level and diabetes control has been clarified. The present study was carried out to compare the stressor and coping strategies in subjects with diabetes and normal subjects. Methods and Materials: This case-control study was conducted on diabetic and normal subjects, including 30 subjects with diabetes and 30 normal subjects. Research instruments were daily stressors assessment questionnaire and the ways of coping with stress questionnaire. Independent t-test in SPSS was used for testing the hypotheses. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were 0.88 and 0.84 respectively. Results: There was a significant difference between frequency of stressors in subjects with diabetes (mean 307.33) compared to normal subjects (mean 173.2) (p
Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi; GhloamHossein Hasanshahi; Narges Yaghini; Reza Nosratabadi; Vahid Pooladvand; Ali Shamsizadeh
Volume 17, Issue 1 , March and April 2010, Pages 33-38
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Cytokines are among the many immune system factors involved in diabetes pathogenesis. The level of cytokines expression such as IFN-y is varying in individuals and societies. Due to the fact that diabetes nephropathies are known as inflammatory disorders and the role of cytokines ...
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Background and Purpose: Cytokines are among the many immune system factors involved in diabetes pathogenesis. The level of cytokines expression such as IFN-y is varying in individuals and societies. Due to the fact that diabetes nephropathies are known as inflammatory disorders and the role of cytokines especially IFN-g in the establishment of inflammations is well understood, the present study was aimed to examine serum level of IFN-y in type 2 diabetes patients with nephropathy complications. Material and methods: In this cross sectional descriptive study, serum samples were obtained from 100 type 2 diabetes patients with nephropathy and 100 healthy controls for the analysis of IFN-g serum level (eBiosense, ESP). Consent forms were also filled out by patients and healthy controls according to the rules and regulations of Zahedan Islamic Azad University Ethical Committee. The obtained data and questionnaires were analyzed in SPSS using ANOVA; p
Mosareza Tadayyonfar; Naghmeh Razzaghi; Arash Akaberi
Volume 17, Issue 1 , March and April 2010, Pages 39-47
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Domestic violence against women is considered as one of the general and mental health concerns and covers a variety of injuries incurred on married women. It is the most common form of violence against wives which affects other health priorities including maternal well-being and ...
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Background and Purpose: Domestic violence against women is considered as one of the general and mental health concerns and covers a variety of injuries incurred on married women. It is the most common form of violence against wives which affects other health priorities including maternal well-being and safety, mental health and family planning. The present research was conducted to study the prevalence of domestic violence and related factors. Methods and Materials: In 2007, this descriptive analytical research was conducted on 396 married women (selected through convenient sampling) who were admitted to the Health Clinics in Sabzevar, Iran. They were given the Index of Spouse Violence to fill out, and the obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using chi-square, Fisher’s test, and Student t-test. Results: The most common forms of violence were mental violence (29.2%), followed by sexual violence (28%), and physical violence (10.8%). It was found that home violence correlated with the couple’s educational level, husband’s addiction, experience of violent behavior in the couple’s childhood, familial relation between the couple, spouse’s physical or nervous disease, place of birth, and the number of children (p
Reza Forozan; Masoomeh Hashemiyan; Roghayeh Javan; Arash Akaberi
Volume 17, Issue 1 , March and April 2010, Pages 48-53
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Using levonorgestrel tablet is one of EC methods that could be effective until 72 hours after sexual intercourse. Therefore, the present study was intended to investigate the women’s awareness about correct use and side-effects of this tablet. Methods and Materials: In this ...
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Background and Purpose: Using levonorgestrel tablet is one of EC methods that could be effective until 72 hours after sexual intercourse. Therefore, the present study was intended to investigate the women’s awareness about correct use and side-effects of this tablet. Methods and Materials: In this descriptive analytical study, women referring to heath centers of Sabzevar were selected through cluster sampling. Data were collected through a questionnaire including specific demographic characteristics and the participants’ awareness about correct using and side effects of levonorgestrel tablet. The reliability of the questionnaire was checked with cronbach alpha (=α0.716), and its validity was controlled by expert. The sample size was 396 persons. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using descriptive and analytical statistics (independent t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient). Results: Among women studied, 29.8% had used the tablet, and the average score of awareness in correct using of tablet on the basis of 100 was 46.1 34.5, while the average score of knowing the tablet's side effects on the basis of 100 was only 22.39 28.92. A negative correlation was found between the correct using score and age (p=0.029, r=-0.11). Conclusion: The findings revealed that the average awareness score of correct using and side-effects of the tablet are low.
Hasan Ravansalar; MohammadJavad Namazi; Hossein Moallaei; Arash Akaberi
Volume 17, Issue 1 , March and April 2010, Pages 54-62
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Vulvovaginal candidiasis is one of the most common infections in women and is caused by various types of candidiasis with different patterns of resistance against drugs. The present study was conducted to determine the various species of candidiasis in women admitted to Mobini ...
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Background and Purpose: Vulvovaginal candidiasis is one of the most common infections in women and is caused by various types of candidiasis with different patterns of resistance against drugs. The present study was conducted to determine the various species of candidiasis in women admitted to Mobini Hospital in Sabzevar, Iran in order to make preventive recommendations for medical doctors. Methods and Materials: This cross-sectional descriptive analytical research was conducted on 231 women admitted to Mobini Hospital in Sabzevar, Iran, complaining of vaginal secretions. After getting the ethics committee permissions and obtaining the informed consent of the participants, at the same time as measuring vaginal pH, two swaps were used for collecting samples of secretions from lateral and posterior fornix. They were examined for yeasts and were then cultured in saburu dextrose. Grown yeasts were detected based on their macroscopic and microscopic features, tubulation in blood serum and biochemical characteristics using Yeast Plus System. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS 11 using chi-square and bi-dimensional tables. Results: Positives results in direct examination results were 7.35%, and in culture the positive results were 26.8%. In detecting processes, candida albicans yeast (38.7%), Candida kefyr (17.7%), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (14,5%); candia tropicalis (9.6%), Candida glabrata (8%), candida cruse (3.2%) were isolated with other non-pathogenic yeasts including Candida rugosa, Candida lipolytica, trycospron bejli, Blastoschizomyces capitatus (6.4%). Conclusion: Non-pathogenic yeasts were isolated from patients with defective immunity systems, and need to be considered in patients with vaginal infections.
Masood Ebrahimi; Maryam Hashemian
Volume 17, Issue 1 , March and April 2010, Pages 63-66
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Crimean Congo fever was first characterized in 1944 in the Crimean peninsula and then in 1956 in Congo. Their sameness was recognized after long investigation in the two continents, and was labeled as Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever or CCHF. It is one of the hemorrhagic fevers, ...
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Background and Purpose: Crimean Congo fever was first characterized in 1944 in the Crimean peninsula and then in 1956 in Congo. Their sameness was recognized after long investigation in the two continents, and was labeled as Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever or CCHF. It is one of the hemorrhagic fevers, which manifests as a sudden onset of high fever, chills; severe headache, dizziness, back and abdominal pain after a short incubation period, CCHF is characterized by a sudden onset of high fever, chills and myalgia, and turns into hemorrhagic phase after five days. The Patient: The patient was a 15-year-old boy treated for brucellosis from 15 days ago and was admitted because of fever, headache and vomiting diagnosed as brucella meningitis. Because of thrombocytopenia, sporadic petecia and epistaxi, diagnosis of CCHF was suspected and reported as positive according to RT-PCR. Conclusion: Likelihood of CCHF in animal husbandry occupations is possible, and since its symptoms are similar to brucellosis, its diagnosis must be considered together with brucellosis.