Nursing
Mostafa Rad; Mohammad Gholipour; elham navipour; Mohammad Reza Ghasemi
Volume 29, Issue 3 , September and October 2022, , Pages 448-460
Abstract
Introduction: Considering the importance of recognizing individual changes in old age and the special importance of retirement satisfaction, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between cognitive ability of retirees from individual change and retirement satisfaction in great Torshiz.
Materials ...
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Introduction: Considering the importance of recognizing individual changes in old age and the special importance of retirement satisfaction, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between cognitive ability of retirees from individual change and retirement satisfaction in great Torshiz.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 1399 on 330 randomly selected retirees in Kashmar city. Data were collected using demographic, retirement satisfaction and cognitive ability of individual changes questionnaires. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics with SPSS software version 16.
Results: The mean age of participants was 62, 05+4,13. Retirement satisfaction was 20.27±76.29. Retirement satisfaction was significantly associated with marital status, age, income, type of property, study, entertainment, sports, television watching (P <0.05). The mean cognitive ability of retirees was 5.60±36.14, that the degree of cognitive ability was related to factors such as the number of hours spent watching TV and the type of illness involved (P <0.05). Statistical test did not show a significant relationship between retirement satisfaction and cognitive ability (P = 0.16).
Conclusion: Because most of the retirees had poor cognitive ability, it seems necessary to improve the cognitive ability of retirees in the last years of their careers. There was no relationship between cognitive ability and retirement satisfaction, which may be due to the region under study. Therefore, it is recommended to re-study in another environment to evaluate this relationship.
Psychology
mahdi motakeffar; Abolfazl Bakhshi Pour; Mehdi Ghasemi Motlagh
Volume 29, Issue 4 , September and October 2022, , Pages 563-575
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and emotion-oriented therapy on psychological cohesion in type 2 diabetic patients.
Materials and Methods: The present study was applied in terms of purpose, with pre-test-post-test design, which ...
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and emotion-oriented therapy on psychological cohesion in type 2 diabetic patients.
Materials and Methods: The present study was applied in terms of purpose, with pre-test-post-test design, which used a quasi-experimental research design. The statistical population of the study included all people with type 2 diabetes who referred to Sabzevar Diabetes Clinic in 1398. From the mentioned statistical population, 45 people were selected by convenience sampling and randomly divided into 3 groups of 15 people (2 experimental groups and one control group). Antonovski (2006) answered the questionnaire of feeling psychological cohesion. In this study, descriptive data analysis was used to describe the collected data and the data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software.
Results: The results showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and emotion-oriented therapy are effective on mental cohesion in type 2 diabetic patients and there was no significant difference in their effectiveness
Conclusion: Cognitive therapies based on mindfulness and emotion-oriented therapy can be used to moderate the psychological problems of diabetic patients.
Psychology
robab sarchami; shirin koshki; Shokouh-ul-Sadat bani jamali; anita Baghdasarians
Volume 29, Issue 4 , September and October 2022, , Pages 576-590
Abstract
Introduction: Premenstrual syndrome is one of the most common problems in women and causes some physical and psychological changes in women. This study was conducted to examine the structural pattern of cognitive emotion regulation based on sleep quality with the mediating role of marital satisfaction ...
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Introduction: Premenstrual syndrome is one of the most common problems in women and causes some physical and psychological changes in women. This study was conducted to examine the structural pattern of cognitive emotion regulation based on sleep quality with the mediating role of marital satisfaction in women with premenstrual syndrome.
Materials and Methods: The method of the present study was correlational using structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all women diagnosed with premenstrual syndrome in 1398 and 1399 in Kermanshah, of which 380 people who were referred to the family planning clinic in Kermanshah were selected by convenience sampling method. The research instruments included the emotional regulation questionnaire (Garnefsky et al., 2001), Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (Enrich), and the sleep quality index (Pittsburgh, 1989). The data were analyzed by the Spearman correlation method using SPSS-21 and LISREL software.
Results: This study indicates the existence of a significant direct relationship between cognitive-emotional regulation strategies and overall sleep quality in women with PMS and also the quality of sleep directly and indirectly through marital satisfaction can be a good predictor for cognitive regulation of emotion in women with premenstrual syndrome.
Conclusion: It can be said that sleep quality and marital life satisfaction can play an important role in the cognitive regulation of emotion in women with premenstrual syndrome.
Pediatric
Marjaneh Zarkesh; Seyyedeh Azade Hoseini Nouri; Yalda Navidi Moghaddam; Manijeh Tabrizi; Ehsan Kazem Nejad Leyli
Volume 29, Issue 5 , November and December 2022, , Pages 591-601
Abstract
Introduction: Hyperbilirubinemia is a common neonatal problem that occurs in about 60% of term and 80% of preterm infants during the first week of life. The increase of intestinal enteropathic cycle by intestinal beta-glucuronidase is one of the main mechanisms in the exacerbation of jaundice. Despite ...
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Introduction: Hyperbilirubinemia is a common neonatal problem that occurs in about 60% of term and 80% of preterm infants during the first week of life. The increase of intestinal enteropathic cycle by intestinal beta-glucuronidase is one of the main mechanisms in the exacerbation of jaundice. Despite the relative lack of bacterial flora in the intestines of neonates during the first week of life and considering the differences in intestinal bacteria in term and preterm neonates, the present study evaluated the therapeutic response to pedilact in two groups of neonates.
Materials and Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on 97 term and preterm neonates aged 2 to 15 days after obtaining the approval of the Ethics Committee and parental consent. Inclusion criteria included age 3-14 days, serum bilirubin 15-22mg/dl, exclusive breastfeeding, and no risk factor for hemolysis. In addition to phototherapy, all infants received 5 drops of pedilact daily. Phototherapy conditions were the same in both groups. Serum bilirubin checked daily. The variables of sex, gestational age, and daily bilirubin level were recorded and compared.
Results: The minimum and the maximum gestational age of the neonates were 35 and 41 weeks, respectively. There was no difference between median, mean, and standard deviation of bilirubin reduction during hospitalization days between two groups (P= 0.451).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the Micrococcus luteus SEHD031RS strain can be used as an effective microorganism in removing chromium from industrial wastewater or environmental bioremediation.
Nursing
Bita Koushki; Zohreh Mohamadzadeh Tabrizi; elham navipour; arezoo davarinia
Abstract
Background: Covid-19 has become one of the most important challenges to health care systems, causing various complications and death in severe cases. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the complications of the Covid-19 disease in patients admitted to 16-hour centers ...
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Background: Covid-19 has become one of the most important challenges to health care systems, causing various complications and death in severe cases. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the complications of the Covid-19 disease in patients admitted to 16-hour centers in Sabzevar, Iran.Materials and Methods: The current research is descriptive-analytical, which investigated 220 patients selected by random sampling from among those admitted to the 16-hour centers for Covid-19 in 2022. After recording the patients’ information, verbal consent was obtained from them to join the study. Four weeks after the PCR test, they were asked some questions over the phone by a trained researcher and the questionnaires were instantly completed.Results: The results of the study showed that the remaining symptoms after recovery in the participants are physical fatigue (27.3%), weakness (14.1%), cough (23.6%), diarrhea (2.7%), mental fatigue (9.1%), anxiety (5%) and others. There was a statistically significant relationship between gender and residual complications from the Covid-19 disease. But there was no significant relationship between the recovery rate and anxiety symptoms such as restlessness and heart palpitation. Also, 40.5% of the patients had full recovery, 51.8% had moderate recovery and 0.9% had poor recovery.Conclusion: Patients with Covid-19 disease may recover from the disease but will face clinical manifestations and psychological disorders. Remote follow-up based on a telephone call program can be very useful in the management of recovered patients by establishing simple communication between patients and therapists.
Psychology
Frshad jaberi Koshki; Kiomars Farahbakhsh; Alireza Kiamanesh; Ali Mohammad Nazari
Volume 29, Issue 5 , November and December 2022, , Pages 602-615
Abstract
Introduction: Work-family conflict and work-related mental disorders and how to deal with issues related to them are among the problems of today's working community. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of narrative and solution-oriented methods in reducing mental disorders and ...
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Introduction: Work-family conflict and work-related mental disorders and how to deal with issues related to them are among the problems of today's working community. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of narrative and solution-oriented methods in reducing mental disorders and work-family conflict among employees with these problems.
Materials and Methods: The present study was applied in terms of purpose, with a quasi-experimental design with two groups of pretest-posttest. Using the available sampling method, among the volunteers referred to the inclusion and exclusion criteria unit, 36 people were selected and randomly assigned to three groups (experimental and control; all subjects at first according to the clinical interview in terms of Mental disorders and work-family issues were interviewed; then all subjects answered the SCL 90 and work-family conflict questionnaires.
Results: Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and using the analysis of covariance. > p) And solution-oriented (Lamidae velex - 0/36, p> 0.05). Compared to the control group, there was a significant difference in reducing work-family conflict; Also, in relation to the effectiveness of the narrative method on work-related mental disorders, a significant difference was observed in only one of the components (depression) (Lamidae-Blacks - 008, p <0.05). None of the components of psychological trauma were observed. And the research hypothesis was not confirmed.
Conclusion: Both treatments can be used in the context of work-related mental disorders and work-family conflict.
Gyneocology
Farinaz Haghayegh Khorasani; Maryam Zangeneh; Firoozeh Veisi; Maryam Hematti
Abstract
Background: Pregnant women and their fetuses are likely to represent a high‐risk population during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. The present study was designed aiming to evaluate the maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 with D-dimer levels.Materials ...
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Background: Pregnant women and their fetuses are likely to represent a high‐risk population during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. The present study was designed aiming to evaluate the maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 with D-dimer levels.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive analysis, blood samples were collected from patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID‐19 for evaluating D-dimer levels. The descriptive statistics are used to give more information using SPSS software.Results: The flowing mean scores were obtained: age (30.99±5.66 y), gravidity (1.89±0.92 %), parity (1.38±0.63 %), and gestational age (24.39±10.6 w). Of 106 eligible pregnant women, 28.3% were receptive in the first trimester, 28.3% in the second trimester, and 43.39% in the third trimester. Our study showed RT-PCR test and HRCT chest scan to be positive in 91.5% and 63.2% of cases, receptively, with clinical suspicion and symptoms. The most common maternal and fetal outcomes included cesarean section, abortion, preterm labor, meconium, pulmonary embolism, prelabor rupture of membranes, and hypertension. The mean level of D-dimer in patients was 852.14±915.08 mg/L. Reference ranges for D-dimers level increased in the trimester order. In pregnant COVID-19 patients, about 79.25% of cases were out of the conventional normal threshold of D-dimer values.Conclusion: The majority of complications were observed in the positive D-dimer levels. D-dimer level elevation continues to be a sign of poor prognosis in pregnant patients with COVID-19.
Nursing
zohre mohamadzade tabrizi; aliasghar jesmi; fatemeh borzoee; Narjes Heshmatifar; elham navipour; arezoo davarinia
Volume 29, Issue 5 , November and December 2022, , Pages 616-626
Abstract
Introduction: In relation to mental health, self-efficacy indicates that a person with high Self-efficacy has the ability to change their negative mental states, in other words, strong self-efficacy beliefs bring peace and can be an appropriate predictor for mental health. Therefore, the current research ...
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Introduction: In relation to mental health, self-efficacy indicates that a person with high Self-efficacy has the ability to change their negative mental states, in other words, strong self-efficacy beliefs bring peace and can be an appropriate predictor for mental health. Therefore, the current research was conducted to investigate the effect of virtual training of relaxation methods on self-efficacy and mental health of medical students of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences during the outbreak of the Covid 19.Materials and Methods: The present study is an intervention type that was conducted by random method based on double replacement blocks in 2019 on 26 samples (14 in the intervention and 12 in the control group) from undergraduate students of anesthesiology and operating room. The criteria for entering the study included not suffering from mental disorders and taking psychoactive drugs, as well as willingness to participate in the study. Checklist of demographic characteristics and standard questionnaires of mental health and self-efficacy were completed in both groups before and after the intervention.Results: The results of the study showed that there was no statistically significant difference between self-efficacy (P-Value >0/05) and mental health (P-Value >0/05) of students in both groups before and after the intervention.Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that Benson's relaxation technique had no effect on students' self-efficacy and mental health, so other relaxation methods can be used.
Traditional medicine
Mohammad Azad Manjiri; Roshanak Salari; Amir Abbas Asadpour; mahdi yousefi; Jamshid Jamali; Seyed Majid Ghazanfari; Mohammad Reza Ahmadpour
Abstract
Background: Kidney stones are one of the most common urological diseases. Renal colic is a medical emergency due to severe pain, and the repetition of its periods greatly impacts the patient's life quality. Providing different treatments while increasing the patient's life expectancy causes changes in ...
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Background: Kidney stones are one of the most common urological diseases. Renal colic is a medical emergency due to severe pain, and the repetition of its periods greatly impacts the patient's life quality. Providing different treatments while increasing the patient's life expectancy causes changes in their lifestyle, health status, and life quality. This study aimed to evaluate the life quality of patients with kidney stones in Mashhad in 2019 with a review of Persian medicine.Materials and Methods: The present descriptive-analytical study was performed on 96 patients. Data were collected by SF-36 quality of life questionnaire, researcher-made demographic questionnaire, and the Salmannejad temperament determination questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-16 software.Results: The mean age of patients was 45.6 years; the mean number of stones was 18.1± 84.1 and the mean size of stones was 12.32 ± 8.53 mm. The mean and standard deviation of patients' life quality was 369.26±98.32. The highest mean was related to the physical function dimension (82.68 ± 21.8) and the lowest mean was related to the pain dimension (52.23 ± 25.47). There was a statistically significant relationship between some dimensions of life quality with blood pressure and temperament (Mizaj) variables (p <0.05).Conclusion: Several factors improve the life quality of patients with kidney stones. Paying special attention to the characteristics of patients with kidney stones and modifying the type of nutrition based on their temperament can prevent the recurrence and re-formation of kidney stones.
Psychology
elham Eslamiyan; marjan Marjan Karbakhsh Davari; elahe sadeghi; elham shamsizadeh; mina Dayemomid; moslem akbari; zahra etekhar saadi
Volume 29, Issue 5 , November and December 2022, , Pages 627-640
Abstract
Introduction: Internet addiction is one of the effective factors in reducing academic and communication development in students. The aim of this study was to predict cyber victimization in high school high school intelligence students based on emotional self-awareness due to smartphone addiction.Materials ...
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Introduction: Internet addiction is one of the effective factors in reducing academic and communication development in students. The aim of this study was to predict cyber victimization in high school high school intelligence students based on emotional self-awareness due to smartphone addiction.Materials and Methods: The statistical population included all gifted students in Alborz province in the academic year 1399-1400. 253 people were selected by available sampling method and then answered the standard questionnaires of emotional self-awareness of Grant et al., Quan et al. Data were analyzed by path analysis method using Amos-23.Results: According to the findings, the direct relationship between emotional self-awareness and cyber victimization in gifted students is not significant (p <0.05), but the direct relationship between smartphone addiction and cyber victimization in gifted students is negative and significant. (P 01 0.01 and β = -0.29). Also, the direct relationship between emotional self-awareness and smartphone addiction in gifted students is negative and significant (p /0 0.01 and β = -0.15).Regarding the mediating role of smartphone addiction in the relationship between emotional self-awareness and cyber victim, they show that this path is significant (β = 0.09 p 01 0.01).Conclusion: It can be said that there is a connection between emotional self-awareness and mobile phone addiction. As a result, smartphone addiction can be reduced by increasing students' emotional self-awareness and helping their academic growth.
Nursing
seyyed hossein shahcheragh; Nazanin Fekri; Mustafa Rad
Abstract
Background: The emergency department is often associated with congestion and high workload. Emergency nurses usually experience situations that lead to moral challenges, and one of its consequences is moral distress, defined as the most important hidden job challenge among emergency nurses. This study ...
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Background: The emergency department is often associated with congestion and high workload. Emergency nurses usually experience situations that lead to moral challenges, and one of its consequences is moral distress, defined as the most important hidden job challenge among emergency nurses. This study was conducted with the aim of determining nurses’ level of moral distress and factors affecting it in the accidents and emergency department.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 nurses working in the emergency department of hospitals in Semnan and Sabzevar, Iran. They were asked to complete the moral distress and demographic questionnaires by self-reporting. The data was analyzed with SPSS 22 using independent t-test and analysis of variance.Results: The mean age of the participants was 32.20 ± 7.2 years. The overall score of moral distress was 54.61 ± 10.1, which shows a low level of moral distress in these public hospitals. The lowest level of moral distress was related to high job satisfaction while the highest score of moral distress was related to unfavorable relationship between nurses and doctors.Conclusion: Considering the negative effects caused by moral distress on the quality of nursing care, it is necessary for managers of organizations to take necessary measures to identify the symptoms of moral distress in nurses and take a positive step towards reducing it by interventions and, as a result, increase the quality of services provided to patients.
Psychology
hamideh samadi; hossain mahdiyan; mahdi ghasemi
Volume 29, Issue 5 , November and December 2022, , Pages 641-654
Abstract
Introduction: Social anxiety disorder is one of the causes of poor social and academic functioning of students. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of Psychodrama and Group Therapy Based on Acceptance and Commitment on Students' Social Anxiety.
Materials and Methods: This study ...
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Introduction: Social anxiety disorder is one of the causes of poor social and academic functioning of students. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of Psychodrama and Group Therapy Based on Acceptance and Commitment on Students' Social Anxiety.
Materials and Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study. The statistical population included students referring to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences counselling center, from which 60 students were selected through purposeful sampling in this quasi-experimental study and randomly divided into three groups of Psychodrama (N=20), Group Therapy Based on Acceptance and Commitment (N=20) and control group (N=20). All participants were evaluated before and after the intervention and three months after the end of intervention. Social Phobia Inventory (2000) (SPIN) were used for data collection. Data analyzed by SPSS-21 software using Mixed Variance analysis and were analyzed at the significance level (P <0.05).
Results: The results showed that both Psychodrama and Group Therapy Based on Acceptance and Commitment had significant effect on reducing Social Anxiety compared to the control group. The effectiveness and continuity of the therapeutic effects of theatrical therapy and the treatment of acceptance and commitment on social anxiety have been the same.
Conclusion: Both treatments were able to reduce all symptoms of social anxiety after treatment and follow-up for three months by eliminating the vicious cycle of social anxiety. Therefore, these two therapeutic approaches can be used in the form of life skills programs in universities
Gyneocology
Mojtaba Aghili; Nazanin Gholami; Ensiyeh Babaee
Abstract
Background: Pregnancy is an important part of a woman's life that requires psychological adjustment. This research was conducted aiming to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on pregnancy anxiety and physiological parameters of newborns.Materials and Methods: In this pre-test-post-test ...
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Background: Pregnancy is an important part of a woman's life that requires psychological adjustment. This research was conducted aiming to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on pregnancy anxiety and physiological parameters of newborns.Materials and Methods: In this pre-test-post-test pilot study in which there was an experimental and a control group, single-blind method was used since the evaluation of research participants was based on self-reporting. The statistical population of the research consisted of primiparous women who presented to Bahar Hospital, Shahrood in 2022. Overall 60 women were included in the study via convenience sampling method. They were then randomly divided into experimental and control groups (n=30). The experimental group received eight one-hour therapy sessions based on acceptance and commitment, but the control group did not receive any intervention. Research tools were Vandenberg Pregnancy Anxiety Questionnaire (1989) and Measurement of physiological parameters of newborns. The research data was analyzed by using univariate covariance analysis in the SPSS version 24 software.Results: The findings showed that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment is effective on pregnancy anxiety and physiological parameters of newborns (p<0.05).Conclusion: The results indicate that treatment based on acceptance and commitment by reducing experiential avoidance and increasing acceptance leads to a decrease in anxiety during pregnancy and improvement of the physiological parameters of newborns.
Microbiology
haniyeh bashi fakhar; Foroogh Eshaghi kojor; Masoud Ghane; javad Shokri
Volume 29, Issue 5 , November and December 2022, , Pages 655-668
Abstract
Introduction: Streptococcus galloliticus is one of the bacteria associated with colorectal cancer in humans. No studies have been performed to identify this bacterium in the large intestine using PCR test and compare it with microbial culture in patients undergoing colonoscopy in northern Iran.
Materials ...
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Introduction: Streptococcus galloliticus is one of the bacteria associated with colorectal cancer in humans. No studies have been performed to identify this bacterium in the large intestine using PCR test and compare it with microbial culture in patients undergoing colonoscopy in northern Iran.
Materials and Methods: In a descriptive study to diagnose Streptococcus gallolyticus, biopsy specimens were obtained from 55 individuals undergoing colonoscopy referred to Babol and Chalous hospitals. To detect bacteria after DNA extraction, first designed primers (PCO3, PCO4) were used to qualitatively analyze the extracted DNA and then the specific gene of Streptococcus gallolyticus was amplified. In addition to culture, diagnostic tests such as gram staining, catalase test, hydrolase, hydrate hydrolysis and scolin hydrolysis were used.
Results: In this descriptive study, out of 55 biopsy specimens of individuals undergoing colonoscopy, 3 specimens (5.5%) with 95% confidence interval were positive and 52 cases (5.94%) were negative for Streptococcus gallolyticus DNA. There was a significant relationship between the two diagnostic methods of culture and PCR (p.value 0.015).
Conclusion: The simultaneous application of the two methods is recommended in cases where the result is rapid.
Nursing
samira foji; fatemeh Ahmadi-Forg; Hadi Hasani
Abstract
Background: The second victim phenomenon is an incident that occurs after an adverse medical event; while the patient is the first victim of the incident, the nurses and healthcare personnel become the second victims because they feel ashamed after that. The present research aimed to investigate ...
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Background: The second victim phenomenon is an incident that occurs after an adverse medical event; while the patient is the first victim of the incident, the nurses and healthcare personnel become the second victims because they feel ashamed after that. The present research aimed to investigate various dimensions of the second victim phenomenon among nurses in South Khorasan Province, Iran.Materials and Methods: The current research was a descriptive study. The sample selection method was multi-stage cluster randomization, including 200 nurses working in South Khorasan Province, Iran. The data was collected using a demographic questionnaire and the second victim experience and support tool (SVEST) and analyzed using SPSS version 21.Results: The scores of incidence of psychological distress (14.60), professional self-efficacy (9.42), supervisor support (15.97), institutional support (10.71), turnover intentions and absenteeism (13.35), non-work-related support (expected sources of support) (25.25) and the total score of second victim phenomenon (114.55) were higher than the expected average; but other scores including colleague support (8.56), family support (5.41), and physical distress (11.31) were significantly lower than the expected average (p<0.05).Conclusion: Medical errors cause negative emotional reactions and psychological distress among healthcare provideres turning them to the second victims of those errors. Timely and effective support from their institutions and other sources should be supplied in order to reduce the incidence of second victim phenomenon.
Biotechnology & nanotechnology
Nakisa Zarrabi Ahrabi; Seyed Mehdi Tabaie; MARYAM JAHANSHIRI
Volume 28, Issue 5 , November and December 2021, , Pages 663-674
Abstract
Introduction: The use of nanoparticles in biomedical research have been increasingly developed in recent years. One of the applications of nanotechnology is the use of compounds such as hydrogels, micelles, nanoliposomes, nanofibers and niosomes as a delivery system to treat cancer. The aim of this study ...
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Introduction: The use of nanoparticles in biomedical research have been increasingly developed in recent years. One of the applications of nanotechnology is the use of compounds such as hydrogels, micelles, nanoliposomes, nanofibers and niosomes as a delivery system to treat cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ant antitumor effect of the caffeine-loaded niosomes on MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line.Materials and Methods: The thin film hydrate on method was used to prepare caffeine-loaded niosomes. Certain amounts of surfactant, caffeine and cholesterol were dissolved in ethanol. Rotary evaporation was used to remove solvent from reaction mixture. Sample was dissolved in the phosphate buffer and homogenized with sonicator. The average diameters of caffeine-loaded niosomes were measured using a Zetasizer Nano system. Finally, the cytotoxicity effect was evaluated by MTT assay.Results: The treatment of breast cancer cells with different concentrations of nano-sized drug and free drug showed that the nanoparticles had the ability to inhibit the MCF7 proliferation more than free drug. 0.25 mg/ml of niosomal drug had a greater effect on reducing of cancer cells viability.Conclusion: Vesicular nanoparticles are complex systems with some advantages and disadvantages which sets these delivery systems apart from other colloid system. Vesicular nanoparticle is being developed as new drug delivery system for cancer treatment.
Psychology
hava shamkhanian; ameneh moazedian; Nemat Sotodehasl; Raheb Ghorbani
Volume 29, Issue 5 , November and December 2022, , Pages 669-682
Abstract
Introduction: Hypertension, which is referred to as silent death, is one of the most important causes of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on psychological distress, cognitive fusion. And Self-compassionof ...
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Introduction: Hypertension, which is referred to as silent death, is one of the most important causes of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on psychological distress, cognitive fusion. And Self-compassionof people with high blood pressure.
Materials and Methods: The present study is applied and semi-experimental in terms of purpose and is based on a randomized controlled application with pre-test, post-test with control group. The statistical population of the study was all patients with hypertension in Mahdishahr in 1399. The sample of this study included 48 patients with hypertension who were randomly selected from the women who had referred to the comprehensive health service centers of Mehdi Shahr city, were selected according to the inclusion criteria and were randomly replaced in the control and experimental groups. Usage tools included the Gilanders Cognitive Fusion Diagnostic Scale, the Kessler Form 10 Psychological Distress Questionnaire, and the Self-Compassion Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23 using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and univariate analysis (ANCOVA).
Results: Findings: The results showed that after adjusting the pre-test scores, there was a significant difference between the studied groups in the variable of psychological distress (including depression, anxiety and stress), as well as cognitive fusion and self-compassion... 001/0 = p.
Conclusion: In general, it can be said that mindfulness-based stress reduction training had an effect on psychological distress, cognitive fusion and self-compassion dimensions of people with hypertension.
Psychology
sajjad basharpoor; shirin ahmadi
Abstract
Introduction: Online gaming addiction is a growing global concern and is detrimental to mental health among adolescents. The present study was conducted aiming to predict the structural relationship model of online game addiction based on Deviant Peer Affiliation with the mediating role of maladaptive ...
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Introduction: Online gaming addiction is a growing global concern and is detrimental to mental health among adolescents. The present study was conducted aiming to predict the structural relationship model of online game addiction based on Deviant Peer Affiliation with the mediating role of maladaptive cognitions and social skill deficits.Materials and Methods: The intended research was structural equation correlation. Its statistical population included all male students of the second year of high school students studying in the public schools of Ardabil city in the academic year of 2023.A sample of 208 participants was selected using convenience sampling method who completed the questionnaires of addiction to online games. The obtained data were analyzed using smart pls4 software.Results: The results showed that Deviant Peer Affiliation has a direct and significant effect on addiction to online games, and the indirect effect of Deviant Peer Affiliation on addiction to online games was confirmed through the mediation of maladaptive cognitions and social skill deficits. The model had a good fit based on the goodness of fit indices.
Physiology & Pharmacology
Soodabeh Elyasi; Jina Khayatzadeh; saeedeh zafarbalanejad; Sepideh Elyasi; mohammad ALIZADE
Volume 28, Issue 5 , November and December 2021, , Pages 675-687
Abstract
Introduction: Fibroblasts are involved in production of growth factors which are effective on cells’ growth and differentiation. They are the most adaptable cells in connective tissue with significant capacity for differentiation to the other cell group. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) plays ...
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Introduction: Fibroblasts are involved in production of growth factors which are effective on cells’ growth and differentiation. They are the most adaptable cells in connective tissue with significant capacity for differentiation to the other cell group. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) plays an important role in differentiation and growth of different cell lines. Silibinin is extracted from seeds of Silybum marianum, which it's effects in cancer cell lines, have been studied in limited studies. In this study we evaluated the silibinin effect on viability and IGF-1 gene expression in human foreskin fibroblast (HFF).Materials and Methods: The cytotoxic effect of 10, 20, 40 & 60 µM solution of silibinin was evaluated on HFF cells using MTT assay, after 24 & 48 hours. Then, the expression of IGF-1 gene was evaluated by means of real time-PCR.Results: Silibinin had toxic effect on HFF cells in dose-dependent manner after 24 hours of incubation in comparison with control group but no significant difference observed after 48 hours. Besides, after 24 hours of incubation, silibinin with a concentration of 20-40-60 µM significantly increased the IGF-1 gene expression in fibroblast cells in comparison with control group.Conclusion: Based on the results, silibinin significantly induces IGF-1 gene expression in dose dependent manner after 24 hours incubation with HFF cells. However, in cytotoxicity assay, concentration of 60 µM caused the highest rate of cell death after 24 hours. So, before introduction of this compound as a fibroblasts proliferation stimulant, more extensive studies are needed.
Microbiology
Shahram Jalilian; Nahid Omidi; Azarakhsh Azaran; Manoochehr Makvandi; Gholamreza Khataminia; Kambiz Ahmadi Angali
Abstract
Introduction: Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis is an acute ocular infectious disorder often associated with Human Adenovirus Type D8 (HAdV-D8). E1A and E1B are adenoviral proteins that play a crucial role in initiating adenoviral infection and binding to cellular p53. This study aimed to analyze genomic ...
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Introduction: Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis is an acute ocular infectious disorder often associated with Human Adenovirus Type D8 (HAdV-D8). E1A and E1B are adenoviral proteins that play a crucial role in initiating adenoviral infection and binding to cellular p53. This study aimed to analyze genomic diversity in E1A and HAdV-D8 E1B genes in patients with adenoviral Keratoconjunctivitis.Materials and Methods: Samples of 5 patients with adenoviral Keratoconjunctivitis were cultured on A549 cell line for 48 to 72 hours until the appearance of CPE. The E1 gene region was amplified by PCR and sequenced to investigate mutations.Results: The Ahvaz strain showed the highest similarity to Japanese and American HAdV-D8 and HAdV-D54 strains in E1A and E1B genes. No significant mutation was found in the E1A gene. However, in the E1B gene, an amino acid substitution of serine to phenylalanine occurred. Another mutation converting CTG to GTG in E1B 55KD was observed only in two samples. The analysis with BLOSUM62 matrix confirmed that the replacement of valine with leucine is more likely than the substitution of serine and phenylalanine, which have hydrophobic properties and higher molecular weight.Conclusion: In this study, E1A and E1B gene sequences of HAdV-D8 strain exhibited high conservation. Investigating these strains and their mutations in the human population could be valuable for determining the evolutionary capacity and pathogenicity of the virus.
Educational
maryam vafakhah; mehdi salimi; mina mostahfezian; reza shajie
Volume 29, Issue 5 , November and December 2022, , Pages 683-696
Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to provide a thematic network of systematic HSE management elements in sports places.Materials and Methods: This study was an applied, qualitative, and thematic analysis research in terms of purpose, strategy, and implementation, respectively. The participants in this study ...
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Introduction: This study aimed to provide a thematic network of systematic HSE management elements in sports places.Materials and Methods: This study was an applied, qualitative, and thematic analysis research in terms of purpose, strategy, and implementation, respectively. The participants in this study were pundits and informed persons in the field of sports facilities management. The maximum variation sampling was conducted and the total number of participants was 11. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect the required data and Lincoln and Cuba's (1985) assessment criteria including credibility, transferability, dependability, and conformability were used in the present study to check the validity.Results: The findings of this study indicated that the illustration of the elements in HSE management in sports facilities includes 6 global themes (occupational health activities, active planning and prevention, requirements, projecting, participation and monitoring, resource provisioning), 16 organizing themes (environmental health, Personal hygiene, hardware, risk management, incident management, safety requirements, legal requirements, environmental requirements, standardization, waste management, supervision, system integration, stakeholders engagement, financing, human resource provisioning (recruitment), and facilities/ equipment), and 75 basic themes. Conclusion: The thematic network provided in this study does not support the existence of any hierarchy among the elements of systematic HSE management; instead, it supports thematic buoyance that is necessary to emphasize the interdependence and interrelationship between them.
Physical Education
soudabeh rezaei; Neda Khaledi
Volume 28, Issue 5 , November and December 2021, , Pages 688-699
Abstract
Introduction: Increasing the expression of FOXO1 gen in hippocampus as well as inflammatory factor of TNF-α in diabetic individual's causes the expression of genes involved in apoptosis and disrupts its performance. The aim of the present study was investigation of the effect of 6-weeks HIIT on ...
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Introduction: Increasing the expression of FOXO1 gen in hippocampus as well as inflammatory factor of TNF-α in diabetic individual's causes the expression of genes involved in apoptosis and disrupts its performance. The aim of the present study was investigation of the effect of 6-weeks HIIT on FOXO1 gene expression in the hippocampus and level of serum TNF-α in male Wistar diabetic rats.Materials and Methods: For this study, 48 male Wistar rats (4 weeks old) with 150±10 g weight were categorized in 4 groups of (n=12): diabetic rats, exercise diabetic, control and exercise control. For induction of diabetes, peritoneal injection of STZ solution (50 mg/kg) was used. After a week of familiarization with the environment and practice, HIIT protocol consisted of 3 days per week for 6 weeks with 50% to 110% of maximum oxygen consumption was performed. 24 hours after the completion of the exercise, the functional test was taken and the animals were autopsy 48 hours after the functional test. FOXO1 gene expression was evaluated using Real Time PCR technique.Results: Regarding the results, HIIT significantly decreased FOXO1 gene expression in training groups (P≤0.01). Also, TNF-α protein decreased significantly (P≤0/05). Weight gain of the hippocampus was associated with a reduction in the FOXO1 gene in the diabetic training group.Conclusion: HIIT probably reduce the weight loss of the hippocampal tissue that caused by diabetes, by reducing the FOXO1 apoptotic and inflammatory factors of TNF-α.
Psychology
Roghaieh Chraghpoor; ramazan hasanzadeh; ghodratollah Abbasi
Abstract
Background: Dyspepsia causes psychological problems and decreases psychological health; therapeutic interventions are needed to solve these problems. This study was designed aiming to determine the effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on psychological disturbance and psychological ...
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Background: Dyspepsia causes psychological problems and decreases psychological health; therapeutic interventions are needed to solve these problems. This study was designed aiming to determine the effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on psychological disturbance and psychological capital of patients with dyspepsia.Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental research was designed with a pre-test-post-test and a control group. The statistical population included patients with a diagnosis of indigestion without ulcers in the clinic of Tuba Gastroenterology in Sari and Ghaemshahr cities. Overall, 30 people were selected through convenience sampling method and were randomly and by drawing lot assigned into experimental and control groups. The people in the experimental group received mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. Two questionnaires of psychological disturbance and psychological capital were employed.Results: The results showed that before the intervention there was no significant difference between the average scores of psychological disturbance and psychological capital in the experimental and control groups, but there was a statistically significant difference between the average scores in the intervention and control groups after the intervention. The mean and standard deviation of psychological disturbance in the post-test and psychological capital was 3.33±35.40 and 5.96±81.33, respectively (P<0.001).Conclusion: According to the results of this research, mindfulness cognitive therapy reduced the symptoms of psychological disturbance and increased psychological capital in patients with dyspepsia. So the use of this method is recommended as an effective strategy to reduce the psychological problems of patients.
Traditional medicine
Fatemeh Kiumarsi; Ali Reza Derakhshan
Volume 29, Issue 5 , November and December 2022, , Pages 697-718
Abstract
Introduction: In Persian medicine, fumitory has been used in the treatment of many diseases, especially gastrointestinal disorders. On the other hand, among the studies that have been done on the plants of Fumaria species, the gastrointestinal and hepatic effects have been considered by researchers. ...
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Introduction: In Persian medicine, fumitory has been used in the treatment of many diseases, especially gastrointestinal disorders. On the other hand, among the studies that have been done on the plants of Fumaria species, the gastrointestinal and hepatic effects have been considered by researchers. The purpose of this study is to review the comparative therapeutic effects of fumitory in Persian medicine and modern medical studies.
Materials and Methods: First, the uses of fumitory were extracted, studied and categorized from the reference books of Persian medicine, including: Qanoon, Al-Havi, Makhzan al-Adviyah, Qarabadin Kabir, Tahfa al-Momenin, and Riyaz al-Adviyah. Then, the related articles were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Google scholar, Magiran and SID databases. Finally, a comparative study of the applications of this plant in conventional medicine and Persian medicine was performed.
Results: This plant has been used in Persian medicine as a gastric and hepatic tonic and an opener of obstructions of the liver and spleen. Other functions include blood purifying, laxative, appetizing, and cleansing effects on the gastrointestinal tract. Today, in basic and clinical studies on plants of the genus fumaria, the hepatoprotective effect, reducing effects of liver enzymes, anti-inflammatory effect in hepatic disorders, antidiarrheal effects, reducing effect of inflammatory factors in digestive disorders, and ameliorative effect on irritable bowel syndrome have been proven.
Conclusion: According to the Persian medicine literatures and modern medicine studies, Fumaria species can have therapeutic potential in some gastrointestinal and hepatic disorders.
Psychology
Seyed Mohammad Davud Hosseini; shole amiri; Koroush Namdari; Hossein Molavi
Volume 28, Issue 5 , November and December 2021, , Pages 700-712
Abstract
Introduction: Objectives Worry is a fundamental cognitive component of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). GAD is a chronic disorder. However, few studies have been conducted on the etiologic variables of this disorder. The present study sought to investigate the effectiveness of Dugas’ cognitive ...
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Introduction: Objectives Worry is a fundamental cognitive component of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). GAD is a chronic disorder. However, few studies have been conducted on the etiologic variables of this disorder. The present study sought to investigate the effectiveness of Dugas’ cognitive therapy on Intolerance of uncertainty, cognitive avoidance, and positive beliefs about worry.
Materials and Methods: This study was a semi-experimental study with control group. The statistical population included all people with GAD referred to Isfahan counseling centers. The statistical sample of the study was 30 people who were selected by convenient sampling and were randomly assigned to the experimental group (15) and the control group (15). Diagnosis of GAD was performed based on a structured clinical interview with DSM-5 (SCID-5-CV) and clinical diagnosis. For measuring pre-test, post-test and follow-up, the questionnaire of intolerance of uncertainty, cognitive avoidance questionnaire, and why-worry questionnaire were used. The intervention was completed in the form of 12 sessions of 90 minutes. To analyze the data, repeated variance analysis (mixed) was used.
Results: The results showed that Dugas’ cognitive therapy significantly reduced the mean scores of GAD symptoms in the experimental group compared to the control group.
Conclusion: The findings of this research indicate that Dugas’ cognitive therapy has had a positive effect on the intolerance of uncertainty, cognitive avoidance and positive beliefs about worry and reduced symptoms (P<0/05). This treatment can be one of the effective ways to reduce the symptoms of GAD along with other drug interventions.