Masomeh Foladvandi; Hajar Sadeghi; Maryam Tofighi; Azar Asadabadi
Volume 24, Issue 1 , March and April 2017, , Pages 1-8
Abstract
Background & Objectives:Job satisfaction and emotional intelligence are the most important factors in providing the best quality of nurses' services to patients. Lack of attention to this problem is disrupted the organization system in the long term.It causes reduce in the sense of responsibility, ...
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Background & Objectives:Job satisfaction and emotional intelligence are the most important factors in providing the best quality of nurses' services to patients. Lack of attention to this problem is disrupted the organization system in the long term.It causes reduce in the sense of responsibility, burnout and eventually leave of serve. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between job satisfactions with emotional intelligence among nurses of Kerman University of Medical Sciences hospitals. Material & Methods: This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study. The study population formed of 150 critical and emergency nurses of Kerman University of Medical Science hospitals. Data were collected via instrument which includes background information and 28 items form ofBradbry-Graves, emotional intelligence and 21 items from of job satisfaction by census method. Data analysis was performed by t-test and ANOVA test andPearson correlation coefficients. Results: Results showed that the mean score of job satisfaction was 83.72±17.69 and the mean scoreof emotional intelligence was 121.09±17.56. It was observed that there is a significant relationship between total score of job satisfaction (intrinsic and extrinsic satisfaction) and total score of emotional intelligencewith a correlation coefficient of 0.351 (P>0.0001).The results of analysis of (ANOVA) and t-test showed thatthere is not a significant relationship between demographic variables (age, education, experience, organizational unit, sex) with job satisfaction and emotional intelligence and their dimensions(P>0.05). Conclusions: Job satisfaction is directly related to emotional intelligence and it seems that people with high emotional intelligence feel more satisfaction in their work with colleagues and patients. It is suggested that further studies should be done to reveal the relationship between these two concepts and their relationships with demographic variables.
Mohammad Reza Noori-Daloii; Nazanin Rahimi rad; Saeedeh Kavoosi
Volume 24, Issue 6 , March and April 2018, , Pages 1-12
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor- (CAR-) based immunotherapies (CARs), as one of the newest methods for immunotherapy, have heralded a new era of treating cancer. When the CAR is derived from an antibody, the resultant cell should combine the desirable targeting features of an antibody (e.g. lack of requirement ...
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Chimeric antigen receptor- (CAR-) based immunotherapies (CARs), as one of the newest methods for immunotherapy, have heralded a new era of treating cancer. When the CAR is derived from an antibody, the resultant cell should combine the desirable targeting features of an antibody (e.g. lack of requirement for major histocompatibility complex recognition, ability to recognize self antigens). These potential benefits result in the identification of tumor-sprcific antigens which in turneliminates tumor cells by summoning cytokines and co-stimulatory molecules that kill other tumor cells. This review briefly describes basic CAR structure and function, how their antigenic targets are selected, and the development and advancements of this technology to improve their function intumor micro-environment. Afterwards, several examples of successful treatments with the help of this technology are presented and finally, we take a glance at the side effects of this method.
mohamad reza Noori-Daloii; Nazanin Rahimi rad; Saeedeh Kavoosi
Volume 25, Issue 1 , May and June 2018, , Pages 1-11
Abstract
According to the growing developments and improvements of cancer immunotherapies, nowadays, special attention has been paid to the immunotherapies of various types of cancers. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is one of the T-cell therapies that affects tumor cells, not the normal cells. ...
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According to the growing developments and improvements of cancer immunotherapies, nowadays, special attention has been paid to the immunotherapies of various types of cancers. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is one of the T-cell therapies that affects tumor cells, not the normal cells. Research conducted over the past decades suggests that CAR T-cell based therapies has revolutionized cancer therapies, and has provided precious achievements in the treatment of hematologic malignancies such as leukemia and lymphoma, and solid tumors including neuroblastoma and glioblastoma. In this review article, structure, function of CAR T- cells, along with some of the antigens that are expressed on the surface of the tumor cells and the CAR T-cells targeting them are presented. Subsequently, several examples of successful therapies with the help of this technology are presented and finally, the safety of these therapies and the challenges and future perspectives are discussed.
Mohammad Reza Noori-Daloii; Zahra Sadr
Volume 26, Issue 1 , March and April 2019, , Pages 1-11
Abstract
Background & Objectives Cancer treatment is still one of the main challenges in the field of basic science and clinical science in medicine. Surgery is often the first option in the treatment of cancer, providing the tumor in a way that can be removed. Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination ...
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Background & Objectives Cancer treatment is still one of the main challenges in the field of basic science and clinical science in medicine. Surgery is often the first option in the treatment of cancer, providing the tumor in a way that can be removed. Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of both can be used to reduce the tumor in the pre- or post-surgical stage. Hormone therapy, stem cell and bone marrow cell transplantation, and immunotherapy are among other therapeutic approaches. Immunotherapy or the use of the immune system for treatment, after chemotherapy and radiation therapy is one of the most important complementary and effective methods for treating cancer. Immunotherapy such as chemotherapy is systematically done and used to prevent the spread of malignancies, but unlike that only attacks malignant cells and does not effect on normal cells. Cancer, immune therapy with the direct use of immune system components and makes an active immune response such as stimulating the patient's immune system cells and reintroducing these cells to the individual. Indirect stimulation and the use of immune products such as anti-cancer monoclonal antibody to remove tumor antigens is called passive immune therapy. Results The results from clinical trials confirm the design of combined therapies for cancer treatment, which include a combination of various immune therapies along with chemotherapy or the combination of several therapeutic immunotherapy approaches. Conclusion The goal of this review article is to concisely review some of the most important recent developments in cancer immunology and immunotherapy, and explain new insights into the mechanisms that underlie cancer immune evasion by which might lead to pathways for identifying novel treatments.
Anesthesiology
Alireza Talai; Alireza Moslem; Arash Hamzahee; Mojtaba Kianmehr; Abbasali Abbasnezhad
Volume 27, Issue 1 , May and June 2020, , Pages 1-8
Abstract
Background: Intravenous regional anesthesia is a technique developed by the use of tourniquet and intravenous injection of anesthetic drug in the distal areas of the surgical region of the limbs. The aim of this study was to compare the onset of anesthesia induced by two methods of lidocaine use in regional ...
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Background: Intravenous regional anesthesia is a technique developed by the use of tourniquet and intravenous injection of anesthetic drug in the distal areas of the surgical region of the limbs. The aim of this study was to compare the onset of anesthesia induced by two methods of lidocaine use in regional intravenous anesthesia of the upper extremity.Materials and Methods: This single-blind clinical trial study was performed on 40 patients who referred to Bohlool hospital in Gonabad for forearm surgery. Samples were randomly divided into two receiving 40 ml lidocaine 0.5% and 20 ml lidocaine 1%. The research tool was a Researcher-made checklist and a Visual Analoge Scale (VAS). Fisher's exact test, independent and pair t-test were used for data analysis at a significance level of less than 0.05.Results: The results showed that the interval between the injection of anesthesia until the start of complete anesthesia was significantly shorter in the 20 ml lidocaine 1% recipient group compared to the 40 ml lidocaine 0.5% recipient group (p0.05).Conclusion: Regional intravenous anesthesia is induced by 20 ml lidocaine 1% faster than 40 ml lidocaine 0.5%.Keywords: Lidocaine, Intravenous, Regional anesthesia, Upper extremity
Psychology
Mahya Ebrahimi; Sima Ghodrati; Hamidreza Vatankhah kourandeh
Volume 29, Issue 1 , May and June 2022, , Pages 1-12
Abstract
Background and Objective:Acceptence and commitment Therapy is One of the Third Wave behavioral Therapies for the treatment of anxiety Disorders.the purpose of this study to investigate the the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Resiliency and Self-Concept in children with cancer.Methods:The ...
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Background and Objective:Acceptence and commitment Therapy is One of the Third Wave behavioral Therapies for the treatment of anxiety Disorders.the purpose of this study to investigate the the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Resiliency and Self-Concept in children with cancer.Methods:The Present Study was quasi-experimental with post-test pretest design with control group.The statistical population included all children with cancer admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran in 1398 , of which 30 children were randomly assigned to experimental and control group.Pears-Harris (1969) Self-Concept questionnaire and Connor-Davidson(2003) resilience were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups.For the experimental group , Acceptence and commitment Therapy was presented in six session of 60-minutes. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance using SPSS24 software.Results:The results showed that the Treatment based on acceptance and commitment had an Effecton self-concept(p = 0.001, F = 24.05) and Resiliency (p = 0.002, F = 11.88)in children with cancer.The findings showed That Acceptance and Commitment based Therapy on the components of Behavior , Anxiety , popularity , Resiliency and self concept on children with cancer.Conclusion:Acceptance and commitment therapy has a positive effect on resilience and self concept of children with cancer. Therefore the use of such treatments methods is recommended to counselors and child psychologists.
Psychology
majid saffari nia; fatemeh eisazadeh; zahra hamzehei
Volume 28, Issue 1 , January and February 2021, , Pages 2-9
Abstract
Introduction: Covid-19 disease is highly debated with its increasing prevalence and the damage it inflicts on life, financial and psychological resources; so, The aim of the present study is to predict life expectancy based on perceived social support and mental health among those recovering from Covid-19 ...
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Introduction: Covid-19 disease is highly debated with its increasing prevalence and the damage it inflicts on life, financial and psychological resources; so, The aim of the present study is to predict life expectancy based on perceived social support and mental health among those recovering from Covid-19 disease. Materials and Methods: The statistical population of the present study was 117 people with improved covid-19 disease, 90 of whom were the statistical sample size of the present study according to Morgan table. The present study was conducted in 1399 in Bushehr province and sampling was done based on available sampling method. The study's tools included three written perceptions of perceived social support, Zimet (1988) (MSPSS), Goldberg's Mental Health (1972) (GHQ-12), and Snyder's Life Hope Questionnaire (1991). The present study was a descriptive study and Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that perceived social support and mental health are correlated with life expectancy. It was also found that perceived social support and mental health predicted 49(P=0/000) and 36(P=-0/006) percent of life expectancy changes, respectively. Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicate that by providing suitable grounds for improving quality, strengthening and creating the characteristics of perceived social support and mental health in those recovering from covid-19 disease, life expectancy can be expected in They improved
Zahra Bostani Khalesi; Yasaman Yaghoubi; Mahmood Abedinzadeh
Volume 18, Issue 1 , March and April 2011, , Pages 6-12
Abstract
Background and Purpose: The use of complementary and alternative therapy is on the rise and massage therapy is one of these alternative procedures. The purpose of the present research was to determine the effect of field massage on the arterial blood oxygen saturation in neonates with respiratory distress ...
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Background and Purpose: The use of complementary and alternative therapy is on the rise and massage therapy is one of these alternative procedures. The purpose of the present research was to determine the effect of field massage on the arterial blood oxygen saturation in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome.
Methods and Materials: This clinical trial was conducted on 25 infants hospitalized with respiratory distress syndrome in the neonatal intensive care unit in Rasht Al-Zahra Hospital، Iran. An information record form (consisting of two sections: demographic information and a table for recording oxygen saturations) was used for data gathering، and pulse oxymeter was used for measuring Oxygen saturation. The information was collected in 3 consecutive days; the intervention took three 15-minute periods. Arterial blood oxygen saturation was recorded 5 minutes before massage، then neonates underwent a 15-minute massage; then within 5 and 15 minutes from the massage، the arterial blood oxygen saturation was measured and recorded again. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS 16 using ANOVA.
Results: Mean arterial blood oxygen saturation at baseline (5 minutes before massage) was 93.44±0.46، five minutes after massage 94.22±0.41 and 15 minutes after the massage، it was 91.67±0.24. Mean arterial blood oxygen saturation during the three days of intervention was significantly different before and after the field technique massage (P
MohammadHossein Esmaeili; Hashem Haghdoost Yazdy; Mohammad Sofiabadi; Hasan Ajdari Zarmehri
Volume 17, Issue 1 , March and April 2010, , Pages 6-12
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Glutamatergic system has a role on morphine withdrawal sign, and magnesium has inhibitory effect on the NMDA receptors of glutamatergic system. The present study aimed to determine the effects of magnesium injection on morphine withdrawal signs in male and female rats. Materials ...
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Background and Purpose: Glutamatergic system has a role on morphine withdrawal sign, and magnesium has inhibitory effect on the NMDA receptors of glutamatergic system. The present study aimed to determine the effects of magnesium injection on morphine withdrawal signs in male and female rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 48 Male and female rats (200-250 gr) were used. The animals divided into 6 equal groups: two male and female control groups received normal saline; two male and female groups receiving magnesium sulfate 150 mg/kg; and the last two groups receiving magnesium sulfate 300 mg/kg. All groups received 3% sucrose in tap water with morphine 0.4mg/ml (for 21 days) to become addicted. In the end of 21st day, NS or magnesium administrated 30 min before naloxone (2mg/kg) and then withdrawal signs evaluated for next 30 min. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using ANOVA and complementary tests with p
Fakher Rahim; Ghasem Saki; Majid Jasemi
Volume 16, Issue 1 , March and April 2009, , Pages 6-11
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Sperm count and their productivity are dependent on the levels of blood androgenic hormones. Also it is likely that the Centella asiatica extract can affect the levels of hormones affecting spermatogenesis. Therefore this study was conducted to determine the effect of Centella ...
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Background and Purpose: Sperm count and their productivity are dependent on the levels of blood androgenic hormones. Also it is likely that the Centella asiatica extract can affect the levels of hormones affecting spermatogenesis. Therefore this study was conducted to determine the effect of Centella asiatica extract on serum levels of testosterone FSH and LH in male Wistar rat. Methods and Materials: In this experimental study 40 adult male albino Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: an untreated control sham receiving a solvent medium and the remaining three groups (experimental groups 1 to 3) which received 10 mgkg-1 50 mgkg-1 and 80 mgkg-1 Centella asiatica extract every day for 40 days. Twenty four hours after the last administration of extract 3-4 ml of blood samples were collected from every rat by aspiration from heart ventricle and their serum concentrations of FSH LH and testosterone were measured using radioimmunoassay method. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS13 using one-way ANOVA and Tukey test. Results: The mean and standard deviation of testosterone the control and sham groups were 16.4±2.18 and 14.1±0.09 respectively; in the experimental groups (10 50 and 80 mg/kg) these were 15±1.32 9.8±0.05 and 8.4±0.31 nanoM/l respectively. Mean testosterone level in rats receiving 50 mgkg-1 and 80 mgkg-1 Centella asiatica extract were significantly lower than the control groups (p=0.001 P=0.008) and sham groups (p=0.001 P=0.003); also it reduced in comparison with the experimental group receiving 10 mgkg-1 Centella asiatica extract (p=0.02 P=0.004). The difference between the two groups receiving 50 and 80 mgkg-1 Centella asiatica extract was not significant (p=0.09). The concentration of FSH and LH in all experimental groups was not significantly different from both control and sham groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: By affecting Leydig cells and causing disorder in the levels of testosterone sperm count and by affecting epididymis centella Asiatica alcoholic extract can reduce the motility and productivity of sperms.
SH JAMSHIDI; B FARAHMAND; A AKBARZADEH; B ,LAMEH RAD
Volume 12, Issue 4 , January and February 2006, , Pages 6-13
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Although it is now certain that insulin injection allows us to control the complications resulting from blood sugar imbalances, its accurate control by insulin injection is difficult. Therefore as a logical solution, transplantation of islet cells is globally considered as a treatment ...
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Background and Purpose: Although it is now certain that insulin injection allows us to control the complications resulting from blood sugar imbalances, its accurate control by insulin injection is difficult. Therefore as a logical solution, transplantation of islet cells is globally considered as a treatment and the present study is conducted to verify it.
Methods and Materials: After materials preparation, donor tissue was obtained from 6 male wistar rate cage 75-90 days (weight 250-300 gram). Transplantation was done on diabetic rate induced 2-4 weeks earlier by 60 mg/kg streptozotocin intravenous injection.
Results: After islet cells transplantation, blood glucose was reduced to normal (145±5 mg/dl) and insulin and C-peptide increased (1.9±0.1 MIU/L and 0.053±0.001 mg/ml respectively). Clinical symptoms of dibetes induction were relieved after transplantation.
Conclusion: The technique of islet cells transplantation in the form of encapsulation with the absence of immunological inhibitors to support the graft against the recipient's immunity system is an innovative method to treat type I diabetes.
H MOFIDPUR; M JAFARPUR; AR EBRAHIMZADEH
Volume 12, Issue 3 , September and October 2005, , Pages 6-10
Abstract
Background and purpose: Many studies have been conducted on the effects of ethanol on testis; however, little attention has been paid to microscopic changes due to alcohol administration. This study is, therefore, conducted to evaluate the effects of ethanol on the microscopic structure of testis in ...
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Background and purpose: Many studies have been conducted on the effects of ethanol on testis; however, little attention has been paid to microscopic changes due to alcohol administration. This study is, therefore, conducted to evaluate the effects of ethanol on the microscopic structure of testis in mice and whether probable changes are restricted to a specific area or the entire testicular tissue is affected.
Methods and Materials: For the purposes of the study, forty male Balb/c mice were selected and randomly divided into two equal experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 1mg ethanol intraperitoneal injection per each gram body weight every day; the control group mice were injected, as a placebo, the same amount of normal saline. After one month, one half of the mice and after two months, the other half - in both control and experimental groups - were anesthetized; their testis were immediately removed, washed in normal saline and placed in fixative formalin. After routine histological processing and embedding in paraffin, sections of 10 mm thickness were cut and stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin. Prepared specimens were examined and photographed by light microscopy.
Results: Abnormal testicular changes occurred in mice with one month ethanol injection. Excessive somniferous tubules destructions were also observed in mice with two-month ethanol injection. But no abnormal changes or destructions were observed in mice of the control group.
Conclusion: The injection of ethanol has a progressive destructive effect on somniferous tubules and germ cells of testis in a way that the longer the duration of the ethanol injections, the stronger the effects of destructive changes will be.
SH JAMSHIDI; A FARHANGI; B LAMERAD; A AKBARZADEH; S BAHREMAND
Volume 12, Issue 2 , July and August 2005, , Pages 6-13
Abstract
Background and Purpose: It is thought that transplantation of islet cells would cure diabetic patients in world. Islet cells transplantation in people suffering from diabetes is of technical interest. A standardized procedure was developed for the preparation of rat islet cell grafts for purification ...
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Background and Purpose: It is thought that transplantation of islet cells would cure diabetic patients in world. Islet cells transplantation in people suffering from diabetes is of technical interest. A standardized procedure was developed for the preparation of rat islet cell grafts for purification of islet cells.
Materials and methods: In this process, after collagens digestion of pancreases, islets were isolated and dissociated, then with enzymatic procedure by DNase and trypsin, the islet cells changed in to single cells and these cells were assayed by flow cytometery.
Results: Flow cytometery of these cells indicated that there were 91% of beta cells in cell suspension. Most of the exocrine particles were lost during digestion.
Conclusion: Purified endocrine islet cell grafts were prepared by pure beta-cells, with or without endocrine non-beta cells. The purified aggregates were devoid of non-endocrine cells and damaged cells.
M SAMAVATI
Volume 12, Issue 1 , March and April 2005, , Pages 6-10
Abstract
Background and Purpose: This study is intended to evaluate the results of intraoperative Mitomycin- C application in external D.C.R surgery compared with same results without Mitomycin-C application.
Methods and Materials: In this prospective randomized controlled study, a total of 66 eyes diagnosed ...
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Background and Purpose: This study is intended to evaluate the results of intraoperative Mitomycin- C application in external D.C.R surgery compared with same results without Mitomycin-C application.
Methods and Materials: In this prospective randomized controlled study, a total of 66 eyes diagnosed with acquired Nasolacrimal duct obstruction were randomly divided into a simple external D.C.R group and a Mitomycin-C group in which Mitomycin-C was used during surgery. The surgical procedures in both groups were exactly the same, except that in Mitomycin-C group, a piece of cotton soaked with 0.2 mg/ml Mitomycin-C was applied to osteotomy site for 20 minutes. The symptoms and signs of the two groups in a 7-month follow-up were evaluated.
Results: In the simple D.C.R group, 75.8% of the patients remained Epiphora free after 7 months of follow-up; while in the Mitomycin-C group, 94% of patients were reported to be Epiphora-free. There was a significant difference between the two groups: the potency rate in simple group in 72.7% compared with 94% in the Mitomycin-C group. In the simple group, 69.7% having a normal tear Meniscus level compared with 91% in Mitomycin-C group. There were no severe complications except for one patient with delayed epistaxies and two patients with delayed wound healing in Mitomycin-C group.
Conclusion: Intraoperative Mitomycin-C application is effective in increasing the success rate of D.C.R surgery and no significant complication results from its use.
N MEHDIKHANLOO; GH.R HASANZADEH
Volume 11, Issue 4 , January and February 2005, , Pages 6-12
Abstract
Purpose: The present study was designed to investigate the effect of compound of Brassica Oleracea L. and egg-white on burn wound (type 2) healing in Rat.
Methods and Material: 50 female rats were studied through dividing them to 5 groups of 10 rats. After general anesthesia with ketamin and xylazin ...
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Purpose: The present study was designed to investigate the effect of compound of Brassica Oleracea L. and egg-white on burn wound (type 2) healing in Rat.
Methods and Material: 50 female rats were studied through dividing them to 5 groups of 10 rats. After general anesthesia with ketamin and xylazin (ip), an area of the back of rats was burned with red-hot 50 Rials coin and similar grade II burns were created. Control group received no medication. In the second group, the surface of wounds were covered daily with silver sulphadiazine. In the third group, the surface of wounds were covered daily with compound of cabbage extract and egg-white. In the fourth group, the surface of wounds were covered daily with compound of cabbage powder and egg-white and in the fifth group, the surface of wounds were covered daily with compound of fresh cabbage and egg-white. Rats were killed by ether at the end of 1,2,3 and 4 weeks and samples were taken from the wound region and were histologically assessed. Then the samples were coloured with Hematoxillin and Eosin and studied quantitatively.
Results: Results showed that after 4 weeks the healing of burn wounds in the group receiving cabbage extract and egg-white was faster and better than other groups. The wound healing in silver sulphadiazin group and cabbage powder group were similar. There were no significant differences between these groups with cabbage extract and egg-white group.
Conclusion: Administration of topical cabbage extract and egg-white once a day in second degree burn wounds enhances the healing. Nearly similar results were observed in the silver sulphadiazin group compared with cabbage extract and egg-white group.
FZ PEZESHKPOUR; P LAYEGH; A JABINI; R REZAZADEH SANI
Volume 11, Issue 3 , September and October 2004, , Pages 6-14
Abstract
More than 85% of the world population are infected with herpes simplex virus. Inability to eradicate it after infection is one of the unique characteristics of this virus. Numerous methods have been tried out in the treatment and prevention of recurrent episodes and its complications. However, research ...
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More than 85% of the world population are infected with herpes simplex virus. Inability to eradicate it after infection is one of the unique characteristics of this virus. Numerous methods have been tried out in the treatment and prevention of recurrent episodes and its complications. However, research to find out an effective, inexpensive, accessible method with low complications is still to be conducted. This study is conducted to compare the effectiveness of topical solution of zinc sulfate with that of oral polio vaccine in preventing the recurrent herpes simplex infections. In this prospective clinical trial, 60 patients with recurrent herpes simplex (with more than 3 recurrences per year) were treated with 0.05% zinc sulfate solution and OPV (4 droplets each month for 3 consecutive months). Both groups were followed up for 6 months and the characteristics of each recurrence episode were examined in follow-up visits. Chisquare was utilized for analysis. According to the findings , statistical means of 3 follow - ups suggested significant effects of both zinc sulfate and OVP in reducing the frequency, severity and duration of episodes up to 60 to 70% at the end of sixth month (P=0.01); however, no significant difference was observed in the effectiveness of the two methods (P=0.192). Therefore it is concluded that zinc sulfate is an effective, available and low - cost treatment with delayed effects but equivalent to OVP in preventing recurrent herpes simplex episodes.
Fatemeh Moharreri; Atefeh Soltanifar; Azadeh Soltanifar
Volume 19, Issue 1 , March and April 2012, , Pages 6-13
Abstract
Background: The core symptoms of autism are abnormalities in social interaction, communication, and behavior. The involvement of 5-HT has been suggested in neuropsychiatric disorders and particularly in autistic disorder.
Material and Methods: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of cyproheptadine, ...
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Background: The core symptoms of autism are abnormalities in social interaction, communication, and behavior. The involvement of 5-HT has been suggested in neuropsychiatric disorders and particularly in autistic disorder.
Material and Methods: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of cyproheptadine, a 5-HT2 antagonist, in the treatment of autistic disorder. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we assessed the effects of cyproheptadine plus risperidone in the treatment of autistic disorder.
: Thirty children between the ages of 3 and 11 years (inclusive) with a DSM-IV-TR clinical diagnosis of autism referred to the child psychiatry clinics at Sheikh and Ebn-e Sina hospitals, Mashhad, were recruited. The children presented with severely disruptive symptoms related to autistic disorder. Patients were randomly allocated to cyproheptadine + risperidone (Group A; 15 patients) and risperidone + placebo (Group B; 15 patients) for an 8-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The doses of risperidone and cyproheptadine were titrated up to 2 mg/day and 0.2 mg/kg/day, respectively. Patients were assessed at baseline and after 4 and 8 weeks of starting medications.
Results: The Childhood Autism Rating Scale scores after 4 and 8 weeks were 40.26±2.9 and 38.56±2.38 in group A and 40.2±3.31 and 37.73±2.59 in group B, respectively. The scores improved in both groups, but the difference between them was not significant (F=0.029, d.f= 1, p=0.867).
Conclusion: The results suggest that the combination of cyproheptadine with risperidone is not more effective than risperidone alone. However, the results need confirmation by a larger randomized controlled trial.
Mahmoodreza Azarpajooh; Naghmej Mokhber; Negar Asgharipour
Volume 20, Issue 1 , March and April 2013, , Pages 6-14
Abstract
Background: Post stroke depression is a common state after stroke causing disability and affects cognitive status in patients. Present study tried to show the effect of citalopram on post stroke depression as well as cognitive state. Materials and methods: in clinical trial study all patients with ...
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Background: Post stroke depression is a common state after stroke causing disability and affects cognitive status in patients. Present study tried to show the effect of citalopram on post stroke depression as well as cognitive state. Materials and methods: in clinical trial study all patients with acute ischemic stroke who had been consecutively admitted to the Ghaem Hospital (from 1388-1389), in Mashhad were evaluated for inclusion in the study.(218 person).In first visit neurological tests and hamilton rating test for depression were taken. At last 89 patients admitted az sample of study. Cognitive impairment was assessed with the Dementia Rating Scale (DRS). The severity of the depressive symptoms was measured by Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D).Then they were classified into those with severe depressive symptoms (HAM-D >20; N=18), with mild depressive symptoms (HAM-D scores 12-19; N=39) and non-depressed patients (HAM-D scores < 12; N=32). Patients with severe depressive symptoms were treated with citalopram. Statistical analysis was performed using spss version 11.
Results: HRDS, MMSE and DRS scores had significant change at the baseline and the end of study in group treated by citalopram. There were significant differences between DRS scores in attention domain at the baseline and the end of study in both citalopram group and without depression. Conclusion: These data suggest that treatment of depressive symptoms in the acute phase of stroke improves both mood and cognition and would be a reasonable treatment for patients suffering post stroke depression and cognitive change after stroke
Amir Rashid Lamir; Mohsen Dehbashi; Bahareh Ketabdar
Volume 23, Issue 1 , May and June 2016, , Pages 6-13
Abstract
Background & Objectives: For the past 50 years, anabolic steroids have been at the forefront of the controversy due to their various effects on athletes' performance. So the aim of the present study was to examine the effects of anabolic steroids abuse, during and after the withdrawal of the drug ...
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Background & Objectives: For the past 50 years, anabolic steroids have been at the forefront of the controversy due to their various effects on athletes' performance. So the aim of the present study was to examine the effects of anabolic steroids abuse, during and after the withdrawal of the drug usage, on liver enzymes and blood albumin of bodybuilders. Materials & Methods: The study is causative-comparative research, and 40 males (Age: 26.62±6.8 years, height: 175.89±9.2 cm, weight: 77.17±12.7) were participated in this study, who were divided into four groups of ten members: athletes are using steroids, athletes with a history of drug usage who had given away its usage at least for 2 months, athletes with a history of at least 6 months of giving away using steroid and athletes with no history of steroid use. 12-hour fasting blood samples were collected at eight o'clock in the morning, and the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and a post hoc test. Results: The results of this study showed higher degradation of both enzymes (ALT, AST) in the first group as compared to the other groups (p<%5). The destruction of these two enzymes (AST, ALT) was higher in second group as compared to the third and fourth groups (p<%5). However, the destruction of the two enzymes (ALT, AST) in the third group was not significant as compared to the fourth group. (p<%5). Albumin and (ALP) levels were normal in all groups and their changes were not significant (p>%5). Conclusion: Steroid drugs have devastating effects on the liver cells. So those, even after two months of stopping drug consumption, their side effects are still apparent in athletes who had used them. But it seems that their negative effects on liver enzymes decrease over time.
AA VAFAEI; S HAJ RAHIM KHAN; M ZAHEDI KHORASANI; M JARAHI; ABAS ALI TAHERIAN; H MILADI GORJI; H SADEGHI
Volume 15, Issue 1 , March and April 2008, , Pages 7-13
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Cuminum Cyminm (CC) is one of the plants whose aqueous extract is used in traditional medicine as anti-convulsive anti-epileptic and as a treatment for some visceral pains. However no substantial reports can be found of its effects on the peripheral pain in lab animals. Therefore ...
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Background and Purpose: Cuminum Cyminm (CC) is one of the plants whose aqueous extract is used in traditional medicine as anti-convulsive anti-epileptic and as a treatment for some visceral pains. However no substantial reports can be found of its effects on the peripheral pain in lab animals. Therefore this study was condcated to determine the effects of the IP injection of the aqueous extract of CC on the acute peripheral pain in Hot Plate (HP) and Tail Flick (TF) tests in mice.
Methods and Materials: This experimental study was conducted on 56 male Albino mice (8 groups each with 7 mice) weighing 25-30 gr. 200 and 500 mg/kg of the aqueous extract of CC or saline of the volume were injected intraperitoeally 30 minutes prior to the tests. Pain measrment criteria in the TF test was the response time to the pain by raising the tail and in the HP test the time to begin to lick the front legs or raising the rear feet.
Results: The IP injection of the CC aqueous extract with the doses of 200 and 500 mg/kg significantly increased the response time to the pain in HP and TF tests (P
SM ZARGARIAN; R GOLMOHAMMADI
Volume 14, Issue 1 , March and April 2007, , Pages 7-14
Abstract
Background and purpose: Assessment of genetic changes from a molecular viewpoint is essential for diagnosis, follow-up and treatment. For molecular procedures, DNA extraction is the first step. Therefore, applying economical and easy procedures will be helpful. Pathological specimens are normally fixed ...
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Background and purpose: Assessment of genetic changes from a molecular viewpoint is essential for diagnosis, follow-up and treatment. For molecular procedures, DNA extraction is the first step. Therefore, applying economical and easy procedures will be helpful. Pathological specimens are normally fixed in formalin and paraffin after surgery and it is important to extract quality DNA from specimens. This study is intended to compare Chelex and Phenol / Chloroform methods of DNA extraction in Paraffin-embedded Colorectal Cancer specimens and their effect on PCR-SPSS.
Methods and Materials: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 60 colorectal cancer specimens including 10 rectal and 50 various colon specimens. DNA extractions were done by Chelex and Phelex / Chloroform methods and their quality and quantity were measured by spectrophotometer. The P53 gene was amplified using specific primers in a PCR assay and, consequently, electrophoresis was done. The two methods were compared and analyzed by Kappa coefficient.
Results: Out of 60 subjects, 15 were female and 45 male. Their age ranged from 44 to 91 with the mean being 62 years. Quality DNA was extracted from 44 formalin-fixed specimens by Chelex method, and the PCR was positive. However, with the same sample, 32 specimens had suitable PCR assay by Phenol / Chloroform method. Therefore, a significant relationship was observed between the two methods (p
M NIKBAKHT; R GOLMOHAMMADI
Volume 13, Issue 1 , March and April 2006, , Pages 7-13
Abstract
Background and purpose: Colorectal cancer is one of the most important common cancers all over the world. Its prevalence varies with geographical distribution. Its multifactorial cause may include environmental, genetic and dietary origins. P53 is the most important tumor suppressive gene. P53 exon 6 ...
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Background and purpose: Colorectal cancer is one of the most important common cancers all over the world. Its prevalence varies with geographical distribution. Its multifactorial cause may include environmental, genetic and dietary origins. P53 is the most important tumor suppressive gene. P53 exon 6 mutation with protein overexpression is reported in different areas. This study is intended to determine the relationship between P53 exon 6 mutation with protein overxpression and prognosis in colorectal cancer.
Methods and Materials: This study was conducted on 80 cases of Colorectal cancers, admitted to Isfahan hospitals in Isfahan, Iran from 1382 (2003) to 1385(2006). DNA was extracted by phenol chloroform isoamil alcohol at the Genetic Department of the faculty of Medicine. Exon 6 of the P53 gene was amplified using primers in a PCR assay. After gel electrophoresis by SSCP method, exon 6 mutations were determined. P53 protein overexpression was determined in cases by immunohistochemistry. Chi-square test was used for data analysis.
Results: Mutations were observed in 12 cases (15%); in 10 cases, mutations demonstrated protein overexpression as well. No significant relationship was observed between P53 exon 6 mutation and its overexpression (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The study revealed that not all P53 exon 6 mutations were accompanied by P53 overexpression. Therefore, besides immuno histochemistry, we need PCR-SSCP or sequencing for diagnosis.
MohammadReza Saeedi Asl; Mehdi Hasan shahiyan; Sara Rashid; Hossein Estiri
Volume 21, Issue 1 , March and April 2015, , Pages 7-16
Abstract
Background: Probiotics are beneficial microorganisms that will be health effects, if be used in a sufficient amount. Due to the growing use of industry dairy, rather than traditional products, there is the possibility of losing a lot of probiotic bacteria. It is, therefore, essential to identify the ...
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Background: Probiotics are beneficial microorganisms that will be health effects, if be used in a sufficient amount. Due to the growing use of industry dairy, rather than traditional products, there is the possibility of losing a lot of probiotic bacteria. It is, therefore, essential to identify the bacteria from traditional sources and use them in the production of dairy products. The aim of this study was to screen and identify Enterococci from KAMEH (a traditional dairy product of Sabzevar), and evaluation of their probiotic potential.
Material and Methods: In this study, sampling was carried out from four different villages. For screening, the collected samples were placed in pH 4.5. The remained strains were evaluated in pH 4 and 0.3 % bile salt. Antimicrobial activity of screened strains was analyzed against Salmonella typhimurium and staphylococcus aureus using disc plate method. Finally, the strains were identified by PCR and sequencing techniques.
Results: The results showed that three different species of Enterococci , including E. faecium, E. avium and E. faecalis, exist in KAMEH, which have a strong probiotic potential, such that they can withstand high levels of acid and bile salts . E1 code had most antimicrobial activity.
Conclusion: This study revealed that KAMEH has Enterococci with appropriate probiotic potential, and can be added as a supplement to other dairy products.
Mehdi Ghorbanian; Seyyed Gholamreza Mosavi; Zeynab Hosseini
Volume 22, Issue 1 , March and April 2015, , Pages 7-16
Abstract
Background: Removal of turbidity is essential due to its hygienic, environmental and aesthetics effects. Therefore, this study aimed to determine electrocoagulation efficiency in high seasonal turbidity.
Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted in bench scale. The electrochemical ...
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Background: Removal of turbidity is essential due to its hygienic, environmental and aesthetics effects. Therefore, this study aimed to determine electrocoagulation efficiency in high seasonal turbidity.
Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted in bench scale. The electrochemical reactor was consist of cylindrical glass column having an internal diameter of 5 cm and a height of 51 cm and operated in the batch mode. Two sheets of aluminum spaced 2 cm apart were installed in the cell’s electrodes. The studied parameters was current density, reaction time and initial turbidity.
Results: Turbidity removal increased by reaction time, initial turbidity and current density. Regarding amount of produced sludge and economic aspects, reaction time of 2 min and current density of 3 mA/cm2 were selected as optimum conditions.
Conclusion: Results of present work indicated that the electrocoagulation process is capable to reduce high concentration of turbidity to permissible standard levels efficiently.
MR DARABI; M KESHVARI; M MOHSENI
Volume 12, Issue 3 , September and October 2005, , Pages 11-16
Abstract
Background and Purpose: There are various therapies for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) which include conservative, medical and surgical therapies, each with advantages and disadvantages. In this article, the results of simultaneous needle suspension and anterior colporrhaphy in patients with SUI who ...
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Background and Purpose: There are various therapies for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) which include conservative, medical and surgical therapies, each with advantages and disadvantages. In this article, the results of simultaneous needle suspension and anterior colporrhaphy in patients with SUI who had grade III and II cystocele in physical examination.
Methods and Materials: From 1380 to 1382 (2000-2003), 135 women with complaints of UI referred to Urology and Gynecology clinics. Of these, 72 patients suffered from SUI and 21 patients from mixed urinary incontinence with a predominance of SUI. Due to SUI severity, physical examination (cystocele grade II and III) and failure of conservative therapies, 58 patients underwent simultaneous anterior colporrhaphy and needle suspension.
Results: Peri- and postoperative mortality did not occur. In 13 cases (22.4%), foley catheter was removed two days after surgery but they were unable to void. In 11 cases, the problem was solved after catheterization for one week. In 2 cases, UI occurred and CIC was recommended; after two weeks CIC, they were able to urinate. In one case, sonography and cystoscopy were done due to dysuria resistant to medical treatment; cystoscope was used to extract the suture which had migrated to the bladder. 55 patients (94.9%) indicated improved symptoms one year after surgery. Perfect success (dryness) was observed in 47 patients (81%). Urinary residue, measured one month after surgery, was less than the normal upper limit in all cases.
Conclusion: Success rate of this study is higher than previous studies. Simultaneous needle suspension and anterior colporrhaphy is therefore recommend for patients with SUI and grade III and II cystocele due to the high success rate and low morbidity and mortality rate of the procedure.