Nursing
Mostafa Rad; Nasser Mogharabian; Momamad Vali Ahmadi; Zahra Ghazi
Volume 28, Issue 6 , January and February 2022, , Pages 897-910
Abstract
AbstractProper management and control of pain requires evaluation and treatment based on observation of the patient's condition. The aim of this study was to examining of the effect of patient evidence-based ambulation on pain after inguinal hernia surgery in Imam Hossein (AS) Hospital in Shahroud.Materials ...
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AbstractProper management and control of pain requires evaluation and treatment based on observation of the patient's condition. The aim of this study was to examining of the effect of patient evidence-based ambulation on pain after inguinal hernia surgery in Imam Hossein (AS) Hospital in Shahroud.Materials and MethodsThis is a single-blind clinical trial. In witch the study population was with hernia surgery in 2017.60 patients were divided into experimental and control groups by random allocation. Data collecting was done by the help of demographic forms and visual simulation scale of pain. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 software and Kolmogorov, Fisher, Friedman’s chi-2 and Wilkason tests.Findings The pain intensity among the experimental group's participants was less than control group's at the first step ,before the first ambulation (6.30 versus6.50) At the second step,befor the second ambulation,the experimental group s participants suffered from less pain intensity in comparison with the control group (5.40 versus6.83) and also the pain intensity at the third step was less in experimental group than the control group (5.27 versus7.00) At the fourth stepbefore the fourth ambulation,the experimental group's participants felt a less pain intensity than the control group's patients (5.37versus6.57) At the fifth step,befor dismissal,the adnauseam intensity in the experimental group was also less than control group (3.57 versus 5.77) Conclusion The research results shows that evidence based ambulation, after surgery is accompanied with decreasing the patient's pain intensity.Key wordsInguinal hernia surgery , pain , ambulation , evidence based nursing.
Anesthesiology
Mahdi Mirhamidi; Atefeh Asadi; Mahbobeh Nematshahi; Mohammad nematshahi; Manijeh Yousefi; Davood Sourosh; Ali Tajabadi; Adeleh Abdolalizadeh; hossein fahimi
Volume 27, Issue 2 , July and August 2020, , Pages 295-302
Abstract
Abstract:Thiopental Sodium is a commonly used drug in anesthesia, but it is not ideal because barbiturate is prohibited in acute and allergic porphyria, and is not recommended in asthmatic and hypovolemic patients. Propofol is the newest drug in anesthesia due to its rapid onset, short duration of action, ...
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Abstract:Thiopental Sodium is a commonly used drug in anesthesia, but it is not ideal because barbiturate is prohibited in acute and allergic porphyria, and is not recommended in asthmatic and hypovolemic patients. Propofol is the newest drug in anesthesia due to its rapid onset, short duration of action, anti-nausea and a feeling comfort after use, its consumption is increasing. It is also safe in porphyry and asthma. This study compares the use of sodium antiproliferative drug propofol to reduce the need for opiate.Analysis Method:This study was conducted on 173 patients admitted to Sabzevar Hospital. Patients were randomly divided into two study and control groups. Anesthesia induction was performed in the study group with propofol 2. 2 kg / mg and with thiopental sodium 5 kg / mg, in both groups, blood pressure and heart beats were measured before and after induction and minutes 1, 5 and 11 after intubation. Within 1-2-3-4 hours after operation with a pain control chart, the intensity of the pain was checked and the data were recorded.Findings:In the propofol group at the 4th hour, 44 individuals feel mild pain, and 9 had moderate, but severe pain was not reported(P=0/44). In the thiopental group at the fourth hour, 53 patients feel mild pain, 11 had moderate and 5 had severe pain.(P=0/44)Conclusion:Propofol increases the threshold of postoperative pain, so it can be a good alternative to thiopental. Keyword: Thiopental, Propofol, Opiate
Mosareza Tadayyonfar; Mehdi Amadani; Ali Tajabadi; Yaser Tabaraee; Hossein Khosrojerdi
Volume 23, Issue 1 , May and June 2016, , Pages 14-20
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Pain after surgery, especially in appendectomy, is one of the most common causes of patients’ dissatisfaction. Regarding common side effects of existing analgesics, the researchers decided to replace conventional medicine for overcoming postoperative pain in such patients. ...
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Background & Objectives: Pain after surgery, especially in appendectomy, is one of the most common causes of patients’ dissatisfaction. Regarding common side effects of existing analgesics, the researchers decided to replace conventional medicine for overcoming postoperative pain in such patients. Therefore, the aim of this study is to compare the pain relief effects of diclofenac and promethazine in patients with appendectomy. Materials & Methodes: This triple blind clinical trial was performed on 60 patients of 49 -15 years old undergoing appendectomy in Shahid Doctor Beheshti Hospital of Sabzevar in 2012. Participants were selected by convenience sampling and randomly divided into two 30-cases groups of control and intervention, respectively received diclofenac promethazine by muscle depth injection in Dursuglutyal muscle. According to the standard numeric pain scale, the pain was investigated in the first hours after treatment. Data were analyzed using the Pearson chi-square test and SPSS version 18, and the level of significance was selected as 0.05. Results: The difference of postoperative pain relief was significant (P=0/018) between the two groups at a half an hour. The average amount of pain in half an hour after injection of diclofenac and promethazine were 5.04± 2.26 and 3.96 ± 1.33, respectively. Also, the average amount of pain in one hour after injection of diclofenac and promethazine were 4.59 ± 5/31 and 3.30 ± 1.33, respectively. However, the differences were not statistically significant (P = 0.177). Conclusion: Promethazine is of greater analgesic efficacy than diclofenac. Therefore, a basic planing is recommended for the use of phenothiazines instead of highly morbid analgesics like non -steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Siavoosh Dodangeh; Alireza Moslem; Marjan Vojdani; Mahnaz Narimani Zamanabadi; Mohammad Mansouri nasab; Hesam Abdolhosseinpour
Volume 23, Issue 2 , March and April 2016, , Pages 370-376
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Vertebroplasty is a new and effective treatment for strengthening broken vertebra and reducing the pain arisen from osteoporotic fractures. This study was performed to determine the pain reduction effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty with calcium phosphate in traumatic vertebral ...
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Background & Objectives: Vertebroplasty is a new and effective treatment for strengthening broken vertebra and reducing the pain arisen from osteoporotic fractures. This study was performed to determine the pain reduction effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty with calcium phosphate in traumatic vertebral fractures in patients attending to Laleh, Mehrad and Booali Hospitals in 2012. Materials & Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 18 patients with traumatic fractures in Laleh, Mehrdad and Bu Ali hospitals were studied during the year 2012. The method of purposeful non-probability sampling was used and ethical issues were carefully considered. Pain intensity were determined and compared based on Visual Analog Scale in 3 phases; before and immediately after percutaneous surgery and vertebroplasty with calcium carbonate, and 6 months later. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive statistic method. Results: In this study, at first, the mean preoperative VAS was 8.2 that, subsequently, decreased to 1.68 and zero. Comparison of preoperative and postoperative pain severities demonstrated that 79.6% reduction was observed in the pain and later this amount was increased to 100%. Overly, there was not a relationship between changes in VAS and variables such as leakage in patients, age, calcium carbonate amount, gender and level of involvement. Conclusions: It may be concluded that percutaneous vertebroplasty with calcium phosphate is effective in patients with traumatic vertebral fractures. Choosing the right patient, precise needle placement with fluoroscopic guide, timely injection of cement and experience play key roles in the success of this method.
Mosareza Tadayyonfar; Hossein Khosrojerdi; Mehdi Amadani; Ali Tajabadi; yaser Tabarraee
Volume 22, Issue 4 , September and October 2015, , Pages 589-595
Abstract
Background: Pain after appendectomy surgery is the most common patients' dissatisfaction which the easiest method of treatment is opioids. Side effects of them led to using more appropriate medications instead of opioids to relieve the pain. Aim of This study was to compare the pain relief effects of ...
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Background: Pain after appendectomy surgery is the most common patients' dissatisfaction which the easiest method of treatment is opioids. Side effects of them led to using more appropriate medications instead of opioids to relieve the pain. Aim of This study was to compare the pain relief effects of morphine and promethazine in patients with appendectomy. Materials and Methods : This triple blind clinical trial was carried out on 60 patients in 49 -15 years old undergoing appendectomy in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Sabzevar, Iran, 1391.Participants were selected using by convenience method and then randomly divided into two groups of 30 ones. The control and intervention group was injected narcotic and promethazine, respectively. The level of pain was investigated according to the standard numeric pain scale, in the first hour after treatment. Data was analyzed using the Pearson and chi-square test by means of SPSS version 18 in the level of significance of 0.05. Results: there was observed a significant difference between two groups in the level of postoperative pain relief, (P = 0/000), so that the level of pain after injection of promethazine 3/30 ± (1/33) was less than morphine 6/07± (1/23). Also, this difference was significant in half an hour after surgery (p = 0/000) with mean score of 3/69 ± (1/33) and 6/74± (1/30) for Promethazine and morphine, respectively. Conclusion: According to these results, basic planning to use phenothiszines such as promethazine instead of opioids is suggested.
Mohammad Siavoshi; Mosareza Tadayonfar; Mahtab Khajeh; Seyyed Ehsan Saffari
Volume 22, Issue 4 , September and October 2015, , Pages 660-667
Abstract
Background and Purpose: While washing and dressing burn injuries, patients suffer from the acute pain. Therefor finding complementary methods with no side effects is an important issue. Thus this study was aimed at investigating the effect of TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) in pain ...
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Background and Purpose: While washing and dressing burn injuries, patients suffer from the acute pain. Therefor finding complementary methods with no side effects is an important issue. Thus this study was aimed at investigating the effect of TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) in pain controlling while washing and dressing burn injuries. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 60 patients with burn injuries among those referred to Sabzevar Vasee Hospital in 2014 were studied. The patients were divided into three groups (each group 20 patients) including control group (no treatment), case group (received morphine before dressing) and placebo group (received both morphine and TENS before dressing). At the end patients were asked to scale the amount of pain which they have experienced using pain numerical scale 0-10. The Data were analyzed using Friedman,Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-wallis tests and SPSS software (18th version). Note that P value was utilized at significant level 0.05. Results: Thepain average in control group was obtained about 5.45±0.52, in case group 5.00±0.48 and in placebo group 7.00±0.56. Thus a significant difference between three groups was obtained. (P=0.00). Conclusion: Results showed using both TENS and morphine before washing and dressing burn injuries is effective to reduce the pain
Mostafa Rad; Mohammad Abbasi Tashnizi; Amir Namayandeh Jorabchi; Mohammad hasan Rakhshani
Volume 22, Issue 1 , March and April 2015, , Pages 106-113
Abstract
Background: Suturing, is the most common way to close wounds and non-absorable sutures must be removed. Suture removal is a painful process. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of ice bag on pain intensity from pulling sutures of the leg vein removal among patients undergoing cardiac ...
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Background: Suturing, is the most common way to close wounds and non-absorable sutures must be removed. Suture removal is a painful process. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of ice bag on pain intensity from pulling sutures of the leg vein removal among patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Methods: This single-blinded clinical trial, three groups before and after intervention, was conducted on 90 post cardiac surgery patients who had at least 20 cm incision in surgical site (leg vein removal) and hospitalysed in Imam Reza Hospital of Mashhad, Iran. In group 1, Ice bags were applied on surgical site for 10 minutes and in group 2 for 20 minutes before sutures removal. Participants in the control group did not receive any intervention. Pain intensity was measured by visual analog scale before and immediately after sutures removed. Data analysis was done by ANOVA, Paired T test, Chi-square and Fisher exact tests.
Results: There was no significant difference in pain intensity scores between three groups before sutures removal. Immediately after sutures removal, pain intensity score in group1 (2/53±0/93) and group2 (1/60±0/85) were significantly less than the control group (4/13±1/40).
Conclusion: Applying ice bag can be considerd as an effective, cheap and low risk intervention for decreasing pain associated with sutures removal.
Volume 21, Issue 4 , September and October 2014, , Pages 613-620
Abstract
Background: Pain is an unpleasant sensory experience resulted from tissue damage. Due to the side effects of analgesic medicines; the study was conducted to investigate the influence of music on severity of pain.
Materials and Methods: this experimental study was carried out on 24 adult male rats divided ...
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Background: Pain is an unpleasant sensory experience resulted from tissue damage. Due to the side effects of analgesic medicines; the study was conducted to investigate the influence of music on severity of pain.
Materials and Methods: this experimental study was carried out on 24 adult male rats divided into a control group and two case groups. In the control group, formalin 2.5% injected into the right sole paw and experimental groups were affected to the Adagio calm and Allergo music from 20 minutes prior of formalin injection to the end of the experiment and based on formula of pain scores. Severity of pain was measured every 5 minutes over one hour. Data were analyzed by means of spss.18 and statistical ANOVA and Tukey tests were used.
Results: findings indicated that Adagio calm music can significantly reduce the acute (P≥ 0.05)and chronic pain(P≥ 0.001), and also allergo music led to a decrease in chronic pain (P≥ 0.001).
Conclusions: this is highly likely that music relieve pain through neural pathways, dopaminergic and opioidergic systems of the brain.
Sara Baghani; Ali Khorsand Vakil Zadeh; Mossareza Tadayyon far; MohammadHasan Rakhshani; Mehdi Asadi
Volume 20, Issue 5 , March and April 2014, , Pages 696-705
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Appendicitis is the most common cause of acute abdomen in the world, and like other surgical procedures, the postoperative pain is one of the most common problems. Nowadays people tend to use non-drug methods and alternative medicine for reducing the effects of drug side effects. ...
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Background and Purpose: Appendicitis is the most common cause of acute abdomen in the world, and like other surgical procedures, the postoperative pain is one of the most common problems. Nowadays people tend to use non-drug methods and alternative medicine for reducing the effects of drug side effects. Reflexology is one of these treatments which can reduce pain and stress by applying pressure on a specialized area of the hands, feet and ears. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Reflexology massage on pain relief after appendectomy surgery.
Materials and Methods: This critical trial study has performed in the emergency department of the Imam Reza Hospital, in Mashhad in 1392. Pain level and analgesic intake of 105 patients were compared in three groups before, immediately, one, six and 24 hours after treatment. In intervention group a specific area in the right leg and Shenman part of the ear was pressed for ten and one minute respectively. In the control group the pressure was applied on the back of left foot and right earlobe. Patients in the control group received only routine care. The results were evaluated at 95% confidence level. Data analysis was performed with SPSS 21 software.
The results: The difference of mean pain level at baseline was not statistically significant in the different groups (P=0/430), but after the reflexology message there was a significant difference between the amount of pain in intervention group compared with two other groups (P≤0/001).
Conclusion: Reflexology is an effective method for pain relief of patients after appendectomy surgery and it is recommended nurses to apply this method for reducing pain of these patients.
Masoud Fereydoni; Maliheh Eskandari; Ali Moghimi
Volume 20, Issue 4 , January and February 2014, , Pages 423-434
Abstract
Introduction: Morphine has been known as a drug with different paradoxical effects, analgesic and hyperalgesic. On the other hand, repeated morphine administration, induces morphine tolerance in mammals. The aim of recent study is investigating tolerance to morphine in Drosophila melanogaster and the ...
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Introduction: Morphine has been known as a drug with different paradoxical effects, analgesic and hyperalgesic. On the other hand, repeated morphine administration, induces morphine tolerance in mammals. The aim of recent study is investigating tolerance to morphine in Drosophila melanogaster and the effect of Oseltamivir (an inhibitor of G2 receptors) on hyperalgesia induced by low concentrations of morphine and morphine tolerance.
Materials and methods: In this study, stage 3 of larvae and adult state of wild Drosophila melanogaster were used. For evaluating the effect of Oseltamivir on hyperalgesic effect of low concentration Morphine, Oseltamivir (0.2 mg/l) and low concentrations of morphine were added to media culture. Then behavior of larvae and adults to thermal (using Hot plate, 47˚C) and chemical (capsaicin and acetic acid) pain stimulations were recorded. For morphine tolerance experiments in larvae, repeated morphine administration (0.1 and 0.01 mg/l) was done and their response to thermal pain was evaluated. The same method was used in adults but with other doses of morphine (200 and 300 mg/l). Finally to investigate the mechanism of morphine tolerance, Oseltamivir was administered too.
Results: morphine tolerance was occurred in Drosophila melanogaster similar to mammals. Repeated morphine administration diminished anti nociceptive effects of morphine (p
Zahra Emami Moghaddam; Hamidreza Behnam Vashani; Zahra Younesi; Farzaneh Hasanzadeh
Volume 19, Issue 1 , March and April 2012, , Pages 26-33
Abstract
Background: Infants often undergo painful procedures such as vaccination and blood sampling. Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) and breastfeeding methods may be desirable in order to create positive interaction between mother and child. The objective of this study was to assess and compare the analgesic effect ...
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Background: Infants often undergo painful procedures such as vaccination and blood sampling. Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) and breastfeeding methods may be desirable in order to create positive interaction between mother and child. The objective of this study was to assess and compare the analgesic effect of KMC and breastfeeding methods during immunization injections in infants.
Materials and Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 180 infants undergoing DPT vaccination were divided randomly into three groups. Breastfeeding was performed from 2 minutes before, during, and one minute after the injection in breastfeeding group, while kangaroo mother care started 10 minutes before the injection and continued for one minute after the injection in KMC group. Symptoms associated with pain were evaluated using the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS), crying time, and latency to cry.
Results: The mean severity of pain was 3.5±1.53, 4.38±1.37, and 5.43±0.96 in breastfeeding, KMC, and control groups, respectively, and their difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The mean crying times for breastfeeding, KMC, and control groups were 34.62±14.40 s, 49.87±26.57 s, and 61.17±22.08 s, respectively, which were significantly different (p
R MEMARIAN; H YAZDI MOGHADAM; E MOHAMMADI
Volume 14, Issue 4 , January and February 2008, , Pages 224-230
Abstract
Background and purpose: Pain relief is a basic need and right of any patient as well as a priority in nursing. However, postoperative pain control have been inadequate for years with no significant progress. This research was intended to deter mine the effect of nurses' pain management or reducing patients' ...
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Background and purpose: Pain relief is a basic need and right of any patient as well as a priority in nursing. However, postoperative pain control have been inadequate for years with no significant progress. This research was intended to deter mine the effect of nurses' pain management or reducing patients' abdominal postoperative pain.
Methods and Materials: In this quasi-experimental study, deta collection instruments were pain and demographic information questionnaire and a visual scale for pain control (0-10). Samples were surgery candidates at Sabzevar Emdad Hospital in Sabzevar, Iran, selected in a one-month period by poisson distribution and their specifications. Control group sampling was done with 65 patients and demographic data were gathered. Before intervention, the vital signs charts were corrected in patients' recordings by adding "pain" as fifth vital sign so that it is measured every time other vital signs are controlled; for each pain scale, appropriate interrentions were considered. Interventions included 3 sessions of 45-60 minutes training and orientation for nurses to perform pain management program. Designed care giving was conducted for 60 experimental patients for one month. Then their pain scores were measured. The obtained data were analyzed using chi-square.
Results: The findings revealed that patients experienced less pain 72 hours after surgery in comparison with the first 24 hours; so that within 72 hours of hospitalzation after intervention, 38.6% of the patients scaled 3-5 degrees of pain and in the first 24 hours after interrention, 41.7% of the patients expressed very severe pain scores of 8-10.
Conclusion: The study findings indicated that, nurses ' pain management can lead to appropriate and timely pain control in postoperative abdominal patients.
H ESMAEILI; M KORDI; A MANSOURI; F NAZARI
Volume 14, Issue 1 , March and April 2007, , Pages 15-22
Abstract
Background and purpose: Attention to labor pain and its sedation are important parts of maternity care. Mother positioning seems to be effective in pain intensity and positions that women choose in order to become more comfortable are often those that tend to promote the baby's progress through the birth ...
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Background and purpose: Attention to labor pain and its sedation are important parts of maternity care. Mother positioning seems to be effective in pain intensity and positions that women choose in order to become more comfortable are often those that tend to promote the baby's progress through the birth canal.
Women often describe less pain when the fetus and pelvis are better aligned. This study investigated the effects of mother's selected positions on the intensity of several types of pain in the first stage of labor.
Methods and Materials: This is a clinical trial on 68 pregnant women with singleton fetus in vertex presentation, 38-42 weeks gestational age and normal labor progress at Zeinab hospital in Mashad in 2004-5. They were randomly allocated to selective positions group and routine positions group. Mothers in selective positions group changed position as they wished while mothers in routine positions group were cared in bed. Pain intensity of low back and abdomen were measured hourly by visual analog scale. Data were gathered by using forms of interview and observation, and visual analog scale and analyzed in SPSS using Student ttest, Chi-square, Mann-whitney and Fisher's exact test.
Results: Scores of total pain (average of low back pain and abdominal pain) and low back pain were significantly lower for the selective positions group than those for the routine positions group (p=0.007 and p
Z ASNAASHARI; M AMIRINEJAD; R SAEIDI; H ESMAEILI
Volume 13, Issue 4 , January and February 2007, , Pages 172-177
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Pain is a complicated phenomenon that has been ignored in newborn in the past. Researchers have demonstrated that newborns feel pain completely, so they should be considered more sensitive to pain. Recent researches demonstrated that non-pharmacological interventions such as Kangaroo ...
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Background and Purpose: Pain is a complicated phenomenon that has been ignored in newborn in the past. Researchers have demonstrated that newborns feel pain completely, so they should be considered more sensitive to pain. Recent researches demonstrated that non-pharmacological interventions such as Kangaroo Care could be useful in decreasing pain in newborn. The present research was conducted to determine the effects of kangaroo care on the pain intensity of vaccination in healthy newborns.
Methods and Materials: This study was a randomized case-control clinical trial. The study subjects were 60 healthy full-term newborns delivered at 22 Aban hospital, Lahijan. 60 term newborns were randomly assigned into two groups of trial and control. The trial group received 30 minutes skin to skin contact, where as the control group were wrapped in their blanket, beside their mother bed. In two groups behavioral changes of newborns were evaluated and observed 2 minutes before, during and 3 minutes after the intervention. All procedures were filmed. A Researcher assistant who was blind to the research aim, scored behavior changes by NIPS. Heart rate and oxygen saturation levels as displayed on the pulse monitor and duration of crying were recorded by stop watch. Data was analyzed using chi-square, Fisher's Exact Test, paired t-test and independent t-test.
Results: Mean pain intensity during intervention period was significantly lower in the trial than the control group (p
Z ESTAJI; L NAJAR; SR MAZLOOM; S EBRHIMZADEH
Volume 11, Issue 3 , September and October 2004, , Pages 46-52
Abstract
Muscular injections are one of the most common medical procedures and nurses encounter the experience of pain in their patients and look for ways of reducing pain. This quasi-experimental research was conducted to study the effects of Z-track and air-lock injection methods on the intensity of pain. 585 ...
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Muscular injections are one of the most common medical procedures and nurses encounter the experience of pain in their patients and look for ways of reducing pain. This quasi-experimental research was conducted to study the effects of Z-track and air-lock injection methods on the intensity of pain. 585 women referring to Heshmatiyyah Clinic in Sabzevar, Iran for either of three injections (Penicillin, B-complex, Diclophenac) were randomly assigned into three groups of 195 members; in each group, 65 patients received Ztrack 65 air-lock and the last 65 routine methods of injection in lateral position. Visual scale was utilized for pain assessment. Findings revealed that in Z-track group, intensity of pain was 3.1; while it was 4.1 and 4.5 in air-lock and routine injection groups; the difference was found to be significant by one -way ANOVA. Severe pain was experienced by 4.1% in Ztrack group, 7.7% in air-lock and 14.4% in the routine injection methods; Chi-squre revealed a significant relationship between pain intensity and injection method (P<0.0001). However, no significant relationship was found to exist between intensity of pain and factors such as age, occupation, education, and BMI. Therefore, it is suggested that we make use of Z-track injection for the ease of patients.