Physiology & Pharmacology
Sahar Heydari; Bahareh Amin; Akbar Pejhan; Seyed Jamal Mirmoosavi; Mohammad Mohammadzadeh
Volume 28, Issue 6 , January and February 2022, , Pages 911-922
Abstract
Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental syndrome with two main symptoms: repetitive behavior and social interaction disorder. Camel milk, due to its antioxidant, immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties maybe have beneficial effects on ASD.Materials ...
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Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental syndrome with two main symptoms: repetitive behavior and social interaction disorder. Camel milk, due to its antioxidant, immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties maybe have beneficial effects on ASD.Materials and Methods: Pregnant rats were injected intraperitoneally on day 12.5 of gestation with 500 mg/kg valproic acid. Then male neonatal rats were divided into five groups: Control group, valproic acid group, camel raw milk group + risperidone, and boiled camel milk group + risperidone. For the treatment period, rats have injected with risperidone (0.2 mg/kg) three times a week, and raw and boiled camel milk was given daily (10 ml/kg) for 42 days. Experiments of social interaction and repetitive behavior were measured at the beginning and end of the treatment period.Results: The offspring of mothers who received valproic acid had problems in social interactions, and sociability and social preference indexes were significantly reduced. Repetitive self-glooming behaviors also increased in VPA-rats. The treatment groups improved their social and repetitive behaviors after receiving camel milk and risperidone and were significantly different from the valproic acid and pre-treatment groups. Moreover, sociability and social preference indexes showed an increase after treatment with camel milk. Sociability index, social preference, social preference index, and repetitive behaviors before and after treatment between groups improved significantly (p <0.001) after treatment.Conclusion: Treatment with a camel milk diet improved the main behaviors of autism symptoms, such as social interactions and repetitive movements
Masood Homayoni Tabrizi; Ahmad Asoodeh; Hoda Shabestarian
Volume 22, Issue 1 , March and April 2015, , Pages 45-56
Abstract
Background & objective: Due to the side effects of synthetic antioxidants, bioactive agents derived from natural sources are of great importance. The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize an antioxidant peptide derived from enzymatic hydrolysis of β-casein in camel milk, using ...
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Background & objective: Due to the side effects of synthetic antioxidants, bioactive agents derived from natural sources are of great importance. The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize an antioxidant peptide derived from enzymatic hydrolysis of β-casein in camel milk, using pepsin and pancreatin. Materials and Methods: Enzymatic hydrolysis of camel milk had accomplished using pepsin and pancreatin. The hydrolysate was fractioned using RP-HPLC and the peptide of interest was identified with MALD-TOF/TOF technique. Antioxidant activity of isolated peptide was measured by the use of radical scavenging DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl and superoxide and inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation. Results: The results of sequencing showed that a purified peptide, called RQ-8, has the sequence of RGLHPVPQ with molecular weight of 903.41 Da. This peptide inhibited oxidation of linoleic acid and also had scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (IC50=0.046 mg/ml), 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazo-line-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) (IC50 = 0.085 mg/ml), superoxide (O2·-) (IC50 = 0.156 mg/ml) and hydroxyl (OH ·-) (IC50 = 0.021 mg/ml) radicals. In addition, cellular activity assays showed that the RQ-8 peptide had no toxicity on A549 lung cancer cell line. Conclusion: Results indicated that the peptide RQ-8 isolated from camel milk β-casein protein has a strong antioxidant activity.