Physiology & Pharmacology
Masoumeh habibian; Saied Amirnia Shobi; Emamali Zakeri Khatir
Volume 28, Issue 1 , January and February 2021, , Pages 134-142
Abstract
Introduction: Childhood obesity is associated with an increased risk for several metabolic and cardiovascular complications, and is now considered as a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. The aim of this study was to invistigate of the effect 8 weeks of regular aerobic exercise on the Tumor necrosis ...
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Introduction: Childhood obesity is associated with an increased risk for several metabolic and cardiovascular complications, and is now considered as a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. The aim of this study was to invistigate of the effect 8 weeks of regular aerobic exercise on the Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and lipid profile in obese girls. Materials and Methods: This semi experimental research, 14 obese girls (mean age 9.9±1.18 year) whose body mass index was 95% or greater were selected and assigned randomly to two equal groups as follow: exercise and control groups. Aerobic exercise was consisted of exercise movements at 50% to 70% maximal heart rate and 3 sessions/week for 8 weeks. Fasting blood samples were collected before and 48 hour after the last intervention. The serum levels of TNF-α, triglycerides, total cholesterol, lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured. Data were analyzed by paired and independent t tests. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Eight weeks of aerobic exercise caused a significant decrease in TNF-α, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-C and an increase in HDL-C levels (p < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the percent changes of these variabls in exercise training group were significantly greater (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Aerobic exercise as a non-medical therapeutic intervention for obese children can leads to reduced cardiovascular and metabolic diseases risk factors by improving lipid profiles and a reducse in systemic inflammation. Received
Physical Education
Ghader Rahimzadeh; Mohammadali Azarbaijani; Hassan Matin homaei
Volume 26, Issue 2 , July and August 2019, , Pages 161-170
Abstract
AbstractBackground: Today, the use of supplements and herbal extracts has been widely used to prevent exercise induced apoptosis and improve exercise training adaptations. Thus, the present study examined the effect of the 12 weeks aerobic training with Origanum vulgare ethanolic Extract supplementation ...
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AbstractBackground: Today, the use of supplements and herbal extracts has been widely used to prevent exercise induced apoptosis and improve exercise training adaptations. Thus, the present study examined the effect of the 12 weeks aerobic training with Origanum vulgare ethanolic Extract supplementation on the myocardial apoptosis in young male rats.Methods: In this experimental study,40 male Wistar rats (8 weeks old)with an average(weight 129±17.86 in gr)randomly divided in five equal groups:basic(n=8),control(n=8),Origanum vulgare(n=8), aerobic training(n=8)and aerobic training-Origanum vulgare(n=8).The aerobic training and aerobic training - Origanum vulgare groups participated in a 12-week program (5 sessions of 10-60 minutes each week, with an intensity of 75-80% of maximum oxygen consumption) running on animal treadmill (15% incline and 24-33 m/s).Also,Origanum vulgare Ethanolic extract was used for supplementation.Forty-eight hours after the last exercise session,a part of the left venticular tissue of the heart was removed and expression of Bax,Bcl2 and caspase-9 proteins was investigated using RT-PCR method. Data were analyzed byTwo-way ANOVA test (P
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
Behrooz Yahyaei; Mahnaz Nouri; Maedeh Ramezani
Volume 25, Issue 6 , November and December 2018, , Pages 885-894
Abstract
Introduction:Today the anabolic steroids, widely used but side effects aren’t wellknown, this research aimed to study the effects of anabolic steroids Bulednon with aerobic training on cerebellar tissue changes of male Wistar rat have been made during 2016.Methods: This study was conducted on mice ...
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Introduction:Today the anabolic steroids, widely used but side effects aren’t wellknown, this research aimed to study the effects of anabolic steroids Bulednon with aerobic training on cerebellar tissue changes of male Wistar rat have been made during 2016.Methods: This study was conducted on mice Wistar rat. 49 rats into 7 groups: control (n=7), sham (n=7), no practice at a dose of 2mg/kg Boldenone (n=7), without practicing at a dose of 5mg/kg Boldenone (n=7), group exercise (n=7), a workout at a dose of 2mg / kg dose Boldenone (n=7) and practice 5mg/kg Boldenone (n=7) were divided. The mice were kept under identical conditions and with the same power and endurance activities according to their protocol and drug Boldenone the intervention groups were injected. After eight weeks, the mice were anesthetized and sacrificed them tissue samples from the cerebellum were prepared.Results: There was a significant difference between the groups treated with exercise and control group without exercise. In the group exercise amount and rate of change of the cerebellum tissue is significantly lower than the control group. And even there was a significant difference between the two groups with different dosages also under endurance exercise.Conclusion: The results showed that endurance and aerobic activity for 8 weeks can be largely Boldenone effects of the drug on mice reduces brain tissue but with increasing doses Boldenone creation these changes are inevitable.
Nahid Bijeh; fahime sadat jamali; fateme nejati; mahbobe lotfalizade
Volume 25, Issue 5 , November and December 2018, , Pages 706-714
Abstract
Background: Obesity in patients is followed by decreased kidney function and leads to renal damage in healthy people. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise with and without green tea consumption on kidney function in sedentary postmenopausal women.Materials and Methods: ...
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Background: Obesity in patients is followed by decreased kidney function and leads to renal damage in healthy people. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise with and without green tea consumption on kidney function in sedentary postmenopausal women.Materials and Methods: Out of 60 volunteers, 29 sedentary postmenopausal women with a body mass index higher than 25 kg/m2 were randomly divided into three groups, exercise, supplement and exercise+supplement. Aerobic exercise program was performed for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week and each session for 45 minutes at 65-75 % of maximum heart rate. Supplement groups consumed 6 g of green tea powder in 600 ml of almost boiling water (80 °) daily and one hour before their meals for 8 weeks. Combined group performed exercise and consumed supplement, simultaneously.Results: In supplement group, creatinine levels (p=0.048) decreased significantly; While none of the variables in exercise group (uric acid (p=0.432), urea (p=0.681) and creatinine (p=1)) and exercise+supplement group (uric acid (p=0.597), urea (p=0.270) and creatinine (p=0.235)) had no significant change. Between groups changes in any of the variables was not significant too.Conclusion: Eight weeks of aerobic exercises in water alone and in combination with green tea consumption did not improve renal function in obese and overweight postmenopausal women, while green tea consumption alone decreased serum creatinine and improved renal function.
Physical Education
Rambod Khajei; 1. Amir Hossein Haghighi; mohamad reza hamedinia; amir rashid lamir
Volume 25, Issue 4 , September and October 2018, , Pages 507-517
Abstract
Background: Aerobic exercise is the most popular sport activity in cardiac rehab center for increase aerobic ability and decrease in fat mass of cardiovascular disease , the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks aerobic exercise on LXR gene expression and lipid profile in middle ...
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Background: Aerobic exercise is the most popular sport activity in cardiac rehab center for increase aerobic ability and decrease in fat mass of cardiovascular disease , the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks aerobic exercise on LXR gene expression and lipid profile in middle aged men after CABG.Materials and Methods: The subjects were 20 CABG middle aged male patient were randomly assigned into two group : control (N=10), and aerobic training (n = 10) groups. Exercise group performed aerobic exercises for 8 weeks with an intensity 60% to 80% of heart rate. 48 hours before exercise and 48 hours after the last training session, all subjects blood samples were taken and plasma and monocyte isolation were performed to measure the indices. Data analysis were performed by using t-test and independent t-test, and non-parametric Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests were performed at a significant level of p≤0.05.Results: Significant increase in expression of LXR gene value and HDL and significant decrease in total cholestrole, apo A and B ratio, LDL,TGS in experimental group compared to the control group compared to the control group has seen.Conclusion: Improvement of lipid profiles levels and enhancing the expression of LXR gene after 8 weeks of aerobic exercises showed that Performing regular aerobic exercises as part of the cardiac rehabilitation can be effective in reducing the incidence of atherosclerosis and preventing recurrence of the patient.
Physical Education
Parvin Farzanegi; Mirabdollah Tahramozi
Volume 25, Issue 3 , July and August 2018, , Pages 327-333
Abstract
Background and aim: Chronic kidney disease as an important risk factor associated with some disorders including hypertension and heart failure which is the major cause of death and disability in older people. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of two types aerobic exercise ...
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Background and aim: Chronic kidney disease as an important risk factor associated with some disorders including hypertension and heart failure which is the major cause of death and disability in older people. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of two types aerobic exercise on levels of apelin and its receptor in the old rats heart tissue with chronic kidney disease Methods and Materials: In this experimental study, 28 aged male wistar rats )48 to 50 weeks) were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups: control, doxorubicin, doxorubicin-30minutes training and doxorubicin-60 minutes training. Chronic kidney disease induced by a single subcutaneous injection of doxorubicin (8.5 mg kg). The swimming training program includes 3 times per week, 30 and 60 minutes for 8 weeks. The levels of apelin and its receptor in heart tissue measured by using ELISA method. one-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the data)p
Khatereh Kamali; Asieh Abbasi Daloii; Ahmad Abdi; Seyyed Javad Ziaolhagh; Alireza Barari
Volume 22, Issue 5 , November and December 2015, , Pages 823-831
Abstract
Background Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible effect of 8-week aerobic exercise on undercarboxylated osteocalcin and hs-CRP and insulin resistance in overweight women. Materials & Methods: 20 overweight women (weight 73.19 ± 2.28 kg, age 39.38 ± ...
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Background Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible effect of 8-week aerobic exercise on undercarboxylated osteocalcin and hs-CRP and insulin resistance in overweight women. Materials & Methods: 20 overweight women (weight 73.19 ± 2.28 kg, age 39.38 ± 3.66 years old, height 1.61 ± 0.04 cm, and body mass index(BMI) 28.19 ± 4.36 kg/m2) were randomly selected and divided into control and experimental groups. Blood samples from participants were taken 48 hours before pre-test and also after 8 weeks of training. Aerobic exercise was done within 8 weeks – 3 sessions per week with the intensity of 65-70% of reserve heart rate. Data analysis for intragroup and intergroup differences was done using dependent and independent t-test, respectively. A significant difference was observed at pResults: The study yielded that the level of undercarboxylated osteocalcin in experimental group significantly increased (p=0.01) in comparison to that of control group. It was also revealed that, in comparison with control group, the level of hs-CRP (p=0.083) and insulin resistance (p=0.158) in experimental group insignificantly decreased after 8-week training. Conclusions: The eight weeks of regular exercise showed significant increase in undercarboxylated osteocalcin that, with possible impact on beta cells, can be cause improvement in effective factors of resistance insulin such as increased insulin secretion and decreased glucose levels.
Nahid Bijeh; Alireza Delpasand; Keivan Hejazi
Volume 21, Issue 6 , January and February 2015, , Pages 1163-1172
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Aerobic training can be affected in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) which is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women. However, it's worth saying that different intensities of aerobic exercises for curing the disease is in ambiguous. The purpose of this study was ...
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Background and Objectives: Aerobic training can be affected in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) which is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women. However, it's worth saying that different intensities of aerobic exercises for curing the disease is in ambiguous. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks aerobic training with different intensities on levels of insulin, fasting glucose and insulin resistance in female rats with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, forty adult eight-week rats with Wistar race (185±22 gr) after induction of PCOS, divided into four groups: healthy control, polycystic control, low-and moderate-intensity groups. They took part in eight-week program of aerobic exercise with 45% maximal oxygen consumption (equal 15m/min speed) and 65% maximal oxygen consumption (equal 25m/min speed), within three days a week for two period of 35 minutes with 10 min rest between periods. Data were collected and analyzed by Spss software (version16.0). One way analysis of variance test (ANOVA) was used for comparisons between groups. The level of significance was considered 0.05.
Results: The results showed that there were no significant differences in the level of insulin and glucose in any groups. Insulin resistance in polycystic moderate intensity group compared to control PCOS group had a significant reduction (p=0.035).
Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that aerobic exercise with moderate intensity and with reduction of insulin resistance can be considered as a non-pharmacological treatment method for recovery polycystic ovary syndrome patients.
Fahimeh Sadat Jamali; Mahtab Moazemi; Nahid Bije
Volume 21, Issue 4 , September and October 2014, , Pages 702-710
Abstract
Background: Menstrual is an inevitable reality and a part of life for millions of young women around the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise on serum level beta - endorphin and pain perception of dysmenorrhea in sedentary adolescent girls.
Materials and Methods: ...
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Background: Menstrual is an inevitable reality and a part of life for millions of young women around the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise on serum level beta - endorphin and pain perception of dysmenorrhea in sedentary adolescent girls.
Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 22 subjects with moderate to severe dysmenorrheal and were in age range of 14 to 17 years. They were randomly assigned to a control group (n=10) and experimental (n=12) one. Aerobic exercise program included an aerobic activity with 60-75% of maximum heart rate for 24 sessions (three sessions per week, each session lasting 45-60 min). Before and after the exercise serum level of beta-endorphin was measured. In order to investigate differences within and between groups, Dependent Student t-test and independent student t-test were used.
Results: Our findings showed that exercise intervention significantly increased serum levels of beta - endorphin and decreased pain perception index.
Conclusion: The results indicated that aerobic exercise can cause a euphoric state resulting from a rise in blood concentration of beta -endorphin and improve the perception of the pain of dysmenorrhea.
Hadi Yarahmadi; Mehdi Zaree
Volume 20, Issue 2 , May and June 2013, , Pages 194-203
Abstract
Background and purpose: Appetite is one of the factors influencing the energy equation and with different levels of control and setting. Physical activity is one of the possible factors. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to compare the effect of one session of swimming, resistance and aerobic ...
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Background and purpose: Appetite is one of the factors influencing the energy equation and with different levels of control and setting. Physical activity is one of the possible factors. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to compare the effect of one session of swimming, resistance and aerobic exercise on the student girl’s appetite. Methods: research design was used mid tentative and the target population consisted entirely girl’s student of the University. Among them, 60 females randomly in 4 groups of 15 persons swimming, resistance, aerobic exercise and control and performed protocol exercise within 90 minutes. The appetite was recorded by appetite questionnaire before, immediately after exercise and 3 hours after the exercise protocol. The food given to girl’s before and on the day of the exercises was similar. Also glucose and lactate of the blood measurement in before each stages module appetite. Data was analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA at significant level P