Physiology & Pharmacology
Zohreh Tavasoli; Narges Hosseinmardi; Mahyar Janahmadi; Mehdi Golpayegani; Farhad Salari; Delaram Jafarzadeh
Volume 24, Issue 1 , March and April 2017, , Pages 71-77
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Considering the role of glial cells in synaptic transmission, regulation of neurotransmitter concentration in synaptic cleft, K+ buffering, and releasing the gliotransmitters, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of glial cells inhibition on the progression ...
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Background & Objectives: Considering the role of glial cells in synaptic transmission, regulation of neurotransmitter concentration in synaptic cleft, K+ buffering, and releasing the gliotransmitters, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of glial cells inhibition on the progression of seizures induced by chemical kindling in rats. Materials & Methods: In chemical kindling, animals received Pentylenetetrazol, 35 mg/kg each 48 hours, intraperitoneally and five different stages of seizure were appeared gradually and seizure parameters including maximum seizure stage (SS), stage 4 latency (S4L), stage 4&5 duration (S5D), and seizure duration (SD) were measured during 20 min after PTZ injection. Then seizure parameters were evaluated in animals treated with intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of Fluorocitrate (as a glial cells inhibitor), injected 30 min before PTZ, and compared with PTZ treated animals. Results: Results showed that glial cells inhibition with ICV injection of Fluorocitrate decreased SS, S5D, and SD and increased S4L significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.001). Conclusion: On the basis of obtained results, it may be concluded that glial cells inhibition reduces spreading rate of epileptiform activity in the nervous system, and the duration of neuronal hyperexcitability and, also, prevents the progression of seizure to final stages.
Azam Asgari; Saeed Semnanian; Nafiseh Atapour; Amir Shojaee; Vahid Sheybani; Seyyed Javad Mirnajafi Zadeh
Volume 23, Issue 2 , March and April 2016, , Pages 290-303
Abstract
Background and purpose: Low frequency stimulation (LFS) has anticonvulsant effect. However, its mechanism of action has not been completely determined. In the present study the effect of LFS on evoked inhibitory post synaptic GABAergic currents (eIPSC) is investigated in CA1 pyramidal neurons of the ...
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Background and purpose: Low frequency stimulation (LFS) has anticonvulsant effect. However, its mechanism of action has not been completely determined. In the present study the effect of LFS on evoked inhibitory post synaptic GABAergic currents (eIPSC) is investigated in CA1 pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus in kindled rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study animals were kindled through electrical stimulation of amygdala. 24 hours following fully kindling achievement in 20 Wistar rats, the effect of LFS on eIPSCs was assessed in hippocampal slices. Results: Obtained results showed that application of LFS at 200 pulses and at the intensity of 1.5 threshold, increased the amplitude and decay time constant of eIPSCs in both control and kindled rats. When 200 pulses of LFS were administered with an intensity equal to threshold, only eIPSC amplitude was increased in both control and kindled groups significantly (P<0.001). Comparing the effectiveness of LFS on control and kindled groups showed that 200 pulses of LFS at the intensity of 1.5 threshold had higher effect in control than kindled group (P<0.001). Conclusion: Results of the present study showed that LFS application increased eIPSCs parameters in a pulse number and intensity dependent manner. This increment can be considered as a possible anticonvulsant mechanism of LFS.
Abolfazl Rad; Seyyed Mehdi Beheshti nasr; Hasan Ramshini
Volume 21, Issue 5 , September and October 2014, , Pages 711-718
Abstract
Background and purpose: Minocycline has got the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Considering the interaction between cell death and seizure, and on the other hand, Kindling which increases expression NMDA receptors in brain, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of minocycline ...
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Background and purpose: Minocycline has got the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Considering the interaction between cell death and seizure, and on the other hand, Kindling which increases expression NMDA receptors in brain, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of minocycline on gene expression of NMDA receptor in hippocampus and piriform brain areas on amygdale kindling acquisition in rats.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, three animal groups of 24 Wistar rats received kindling stimulations (twice daily within 6 hours intervals) after being stereotaxic operated and taking one week recovery period. In first Group (n=8) animals did not received daily kindling stimulations. Animals of the second and the third Groups (n=8) respectively had been injected by saline (1ml/kg) and minocycline (25 mg/kg), 60 minutes before receiving kindling stimulations. Two hours after last stimulation animal’s brains were removed and the changes of NR2A gene subunit of NMDA receptor in the hippocampus and piriform cortex were measured and compared relative to the control group. Datawere analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests at significant level of P
Seyed Mehdi Beheshti Nasr; Mohammad Mohammadzadeh; Hasan Ramshini
Volume 21, Issue 2 , May and June 2014, , Pages 352-361
Abstract
Introduction: Minocycline has anticonvulsant effects. Since some antiepileptic drugs increase the neurotransmitter GABA in the brain, the aim of this study is the effect of minocycline on gene expression of GABAA receptor in hippocampus and piriform brain areas on amygdale kindling acquisition in rat.
Methods: ...
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Introduction: Minocycline has anticonvulsant effects. Since some antiepileptic drugs increase the neurotransmitter GABA in the brain, the aim of this study is the effect of minocycline on gene expression of GABAA receptor in hippocampus and piriform brain areas on amygdale kindling acquisition in rat.
Methods: In this experimental study, three group (24 Wistar rats), after stereotaxic surgery and 1 week recovery period, received kindling stimulations(twice daily at 6 hours interval). Group 1(n=8) did not receive daily kindling stimulations. Group 2 (n=8) received intraperitoneal saline (1ml/kg) and Group 3 (n=8) received intraperitoeneal minocycline (25 mg/kg) 60 min before kindling stimulation and respectively. Two hours after the last stimulation, animals’ brains were removed and the changes of gene expression by γ2 subunit of GABAAreceptor in the hippocampus and piriform cortex were measured and compared with the control group. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests (P
Ali Moghimi; Mohammad Mohammad-Zadeh; Seyyed Mehdi Beheshti Nasr
Volume 19, Issue 1 , March and April 2012, , Pages 14-25
Abstract
Background: Minocycline is an antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drug. In addition, its neuroprotective effects have been shown. Since there is interaction between cell death and seizure, the aim of this study is examination of the role of minocycline on amygdala-kindled seizures in rat.
Materials and ...
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Background: Minocycline is an antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drug. In addition, its neuroprotective effects have been shown. Since there is interaction between cell death and seizure, the aim of this study is examination of the role of minocycline on amygdala-kindled seizures in rat.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, three groups of animals (18 rats), after stereotaxic surgery and 1-week recovery period, received twice daily kindling stimulations. In fully kindled animals of groups 1-3, minocycline was injected intraperitoneally in doses 12.5 (n = 7), 25 (n = 5) and 50 (n = 6) mg/kg, respectively, 60 minutes before stimulation. Afterdischarge duration (ADD), stage 4 latency (S4L), Stage 5 Duration (S5D) and Seizure Duration (SD) were recorded and compared with related control groups (the same animals that had received saline 1 day before). A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to represent a significant difference.
Results: In fully kindled animals who had received minocycline (50 and 25 mg/kg), ADD decreased significantly. When minocycline was delivered, S5D decreased 38.3% (p < 0.001), 34% (p