Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
elham hoveizi; Kiavash Hushmandi
Volume 29, Issue 3 , September and October 2022, , Pages 330-343
Abstract
Introduction: In recent years, researchers have considered the anticancer activity coumarins, due to their powerful biological activity and poor toxicity that can neutralize the side effects induced by radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects of coumarin on HT-29 and ...
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Introduction: In recent years, researchers have considered the anticancer activity coumarins, due to their powerful biological activity and poor toxicity that can neutralize the side effects induced by radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects of coumarin on HT-29 and A549 cancer cells.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the stoke of coumarin was prepared and then for 1,3, and 5 days at concentrations of5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 μM the cells were treated and evaluated on viability days and morphology of the cells indefinite days. The IC50 concentration of coumarin was calculated using MTT assay in two cell lines. Also, the expression of the involved genes in apoptosis such as Bax, Bad, and Bcl-2 was evaluated by the qRT_PCR method. Data were analyzed by a one-way ANOVA test.
Results: The results showed that coumarin reduced the viability and proliferation of HT-29 and special A549 cells by dose and time significantly (P≤0.001), as well as the viability rate of cells in treated cells on the fifth day, significantly decreased compared to the control group (P <0.05). Morphological changes such as reduced chromatin density, cell turnover were also noticeably observed in the cells. Also, molecular results showed that coumarin could significantly increase the expression of Bax, Bad genes and decrease the expression of Bcl-2 gene expression. That these genetic changes in A549 cells were significantly greater than HT-29.
Conclusion: Coumarin is capable of anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis effectively against colon and lung cancer cells.
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
Behrooz Yahyaei; Neda Sheikh Mohammadi
Volume 28, Issue 6 , January and February 2022, , Pages 979-981
Abstract
Background: Due to the effect of L-arginine analogues on inhibiting nitric oxide synthesis and exercise training as one of the non-pharmacological methods, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise training with garlic extract on changes of cerebellar tissue in rats with induced ...
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Background: Due to the effect of L-arginine analogues on inhibiting nitric oxide synthesis and exercise training as one of the non-pharmacological methods, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise training with garlic extract on changes of cerebellar tissue in rats with induced hypertension.Materials & Methods: Rats weighing 200 to 220 gr and hypertension at 10 to 12 weeks of age responding to the main symptoms of hypertension were selected. The rats will be divided into 6 treatment groups after a period of injection of L_NAME that results in hypertension. Balance and motor coordination test was performed after 8 weeks of exercise using Beam Walking Test. The treatment groups were given orally garlic and sorbide extracting.Results: In the hypertensive group, white matter and gray matter had some amount of hypertension associated with cellular distribution in the granular area. In Purkinje cells, degenerative cellular changes are observed.Endurance training group did not show any significant changes compared to control group. The endurance training group and the garlic extract retained some meningeal detachment along with some blood accumulation, and the sorbide group in the purkinje cells degenerative changes such as bold cytoplasm and unspecified nucleus are seen.Conclusion: Hypertension causes moderate changes in the purkinje layer and mild changes in the granular layer, as well as mild hyperemia in the cerebellar tissue and the sorbide and garlic extract alone, as well as markedly reduced exercise training.
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
ramin jahangirfard; Gholamreza Najafi; Ali Shalizar-jalali; Abbas Ahmadi; Elham Zadeh-hashem
Volume 28, Issue 3 , May and June 2021, , Pages 379-386
Abstract
Introduction: Ethephon is a hormone used to accelerate the plant growth regulator processing. Mostly, after entering to the tissues, causing disturbance in reproductive system and subsequently decreased sperm fertility potential. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ethephon on embryonic ...
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Introduction: Ethephon is a hormone used to accelerate the plant growth regulator processing. Mostly, after entering to the tissues, causing disturbance in reproductive system and subsequently decreased sperm fertility potential. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ethephon on embryonic morphological parameters and CatSper 2 protein localization in sperm.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 78 males and females (NMRI Strain) mice randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental groups received ethephon at doses of 120, 240 and 480 mg/kg as well as the positive-control group received neostigmine (0.1 mg/kg). After treatment, the animals were sacrificed and euthanized. Sperm samples were collected from cauda epididymis for qRT-PCR and immunohistochemically evaluation and stored at -70 ° C until examination.
Results: The results of morphological parameters showed that hatching percentage, viability, number and length of fetuses in experimental groups were lower than control group. There was also a decrease in the expression of CatSper 2 gene in the experimental groups compared to the control group. Sperm immunohistochemical results indicated that there was no localization for the CatSper 2 protein in the experimental groups versus the ones (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Ethephon by producing free radicals causes decreased embryonic morphological features. It also impairs fertility and reproduction by decreasing the expression of CatSper 2 gene and lack of protein localization in sperm.
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
Rahmat allah Fatahian dehkordi; Mohammad Javad Yazdanpanah; Reza Khetvan
Volume 28, Issue 2 , May and June 2021, , Pages 250-258
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to stereological evaluate of the protective effect of pancreatin on morphological changes in mice kidney after treatment with L-arginine .
Materials and Methods: To conduct research, 50 adult male rats weighing 30±2 gr were divided into 5 groups (equal). ...
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to stereological evaluate of the protective effect of pancreatin on morphological changes in mice kidney after treatment with L-arginine .
Materials and Methods: To conduct research, 50 adult male rats weighing 30±2 gr were divided into 5 groups (equal). In the control group, no administration was made. The pancreatitis induction groups received 2 doses of 300 and 400 mg/100 g body weight of L-arginine. To the induction groups with two different doses, therapeutic drug was prescribed 3.5 pp. of lipase-pancreatin. All treatments were received for 3 consecutive days once a day from L-arginine solution and 72 hours later, a lipase-pancreatin solution was administered to groups of pancreatitis for 20 days .
Results: The results showed that due to experimental pancreatitis, except for medulla volume, decreasing volume of renal cortex, proximal and distal convoluted tubules, and glomeruli was observed in the treated groups compared to the control group. By the administration of pancreatin lipase along with L-arginine, mean volume values of factors such as mean volume of renal cortex, proximal convoluted tubules and glomeruli, have gotten closed to the control group .
Conclusion: According to a final review of the findings, lipasepancreatin solution may be partially effective in mitigating the effects of pancreatitis induced by high doses of L-arginine
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
Rahmat allah Fatahian Dehkordi; Kazem Norouzi; Saeed Habibian dehkordi
Volume 28, Issue 1 , January and February 2021, , Pages 30-38
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes is characterized by high blood glucose levels and defects in insulin production and function. Contamination of food and the environment with lead can worsen the condition of diabetics. This study investigated the effect of thiamine on the small intestinal histomorphology of alloxan-induced ...
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Introduction: Diabetes is characterized by high blood glucose levels and defects in insulin production and function. Contamination of food and the environment with lead can worsen the condition of diabetics. This study investigated the effect of thiamine on the small intestinal histomorphology of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Material and Methods: In this interventional study, 63 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 9 groups. Three groups of animals were considered as control group (A), thiamine+lead 200 (H) and thiamine+lead 1000 (I). Lead in ppm and acetate form was added to drinking water. The other groups became diabetic via alloxan at a dose of 200 mg/kg. Group B: diabetic mice; Group C: Diabetic mice receiving thiamine; Groups D and E of diabetic mice receiving lead 200 and 1000 were named. Mice in groups F and G received 200 and 1000 ppm of thiamine and lead. Thiamine was used daily and peritoneal with 70 mg/kg dose. On the 29th day, histotechnique was performed on small intestine samples and their histomorphometry was examined. Result: Histomophometry of intestinal structure in mice receiving untreated lead in diabetic group showed a significant increase compared to healthy mice. However, these parameters did not show a significant difference in lead-receiving diabetic rats treated with thiamine compared to the control group. The thiamin improved insulin secretion and reduced turbulence in villi´s of small intestine and improve size of muscular layer in digestive lumen. Conclusion: Probably the antioxidant compound in the thiamin can reduce some complications of lead acetate in diabetic patients.
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
Rahim Golmohammadi; Motahaerh Golmohammadi
Volume 27, Issue 3 , September and October 2020, , Pages 380-383
Abstract
AbstractBackground and Purpose: The new methods of the evaluation of critical thinking skills educate is necessary for approaches with patient in early clinical exposure in medical students .Material and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was carried out at Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences ...
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AbstractBackground and Purpose: The new methods of the evaluation of critical thinking skills educate is necessary for approaches with patient in early clinical exposure in medical students .Material and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was carried out at Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences in 2016-2018. The present study was conducted in collaboration with 34 medical students inclouded(24 males and 10 females) in this study using California Critical Thinking Skills Questionnaire (CCTST). Early Clinical Exposure (ECE) and after skill education- (ECE) were performed in the related to analysis, inductive and deductive reasoning skills. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 software using MC-Nemar and paired t-tests (Pair: T-test).Results: Mean scores of analysis skills before and after undergoing preliminary anatomy of the patient (Early Clinical Exposure)the correct answer were significant in the area of inductive reasoning and inference or reasoning deductive before and after ECE with Critical Thinking Skills training (P 0.05.Conclusion: The results showed that teaching ccritical thinking skills training improves learners' quality and also provides positive feedback to the teacher, learner and patient.
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
Maryam Izadi Tol Sorkhi; Maryam Haji Ghasem Kashani; Mohammad Taghi Ghorbanian
Volume 26, Issue 6 , March and April 2020, , Pages 676-686
Abstract
Background: Rosemary leaf extract, as a medicinal plant, can stimulate stem cells proliferation. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of rosemary extract on the proliferation and survival of human adipose stem cells (hASCs). Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, fat tissue was ...
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Background: Rosemary leaf extract, as a medicinal plant, can stimulate stem cells proliferation. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of rosemary extract on the proliferation and survival of human adipose stem cells (hASCs). Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, fat tissue was isolated from Caesarean women at Damgan Hospital. Extracted cells were cultured in α–MEM (Alpha-Dulbecco’s modified minimal essential medium) containing 10% FBS. Stemness of cells was confirmed by flow cytometry and expression of CD44, CD105, CD73, CD90, CD34, CD45 markers of 106 cells and their differentiation potential. The survival rate, proliferation of cells treated with 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 µg/ml concentrations of Rosemary extract containing 40% of carnosic acid for 24 and 48h were evaluated using hoemocytometry, MTT and PCR assays.MTT: [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide] PCR: Polymerase chain reaction.The data were analyzed using Spss software (version 16), with Tukey test and the level of significance was considered 0.05.Results: Cultured hASCs showed spindle and fibroblastic shapes under microscopic study. They expressed positive response to CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105 and negative response to CD34 and CD45markers and differentiated into adipocytes and osteocytes. The proliferation rate and survival of cells treated with Rosemary at a concentration of 50 μg/ml for 48 h were increased significantly (P≤0.05), as compared to cultured cells in medium without Rosemary, containing serum.Conclusion: Rosemary extract as a supplement to the serum can increase the rate of proliferation and survival of hASCs, making the cells more suitable for transplantation.
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
Rahim Golmohammadi; Ebrahim Shirzadeh
Volume 26, Issue 1 , March and April 2019, , Pages 119-125
Abstract
Background:. The new methods of the teaching of cardiovascular system have been surface anatomy educate is necessary for physical examinations in clinic. . The purpose of the present study was to identify of the effectiveness surface in the anatomy education of heart auscultation. Material and Methods: ...
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Background:. The new methods of the teaching of cardiovascular system have been surface anatomy educate is necessary for physical examinations in clinic. . The purpose of the present study was to identify of the effectiveness surface in the anatomy education of heart auscultation. Material and Methods: A descriptive analytical study was conducted on 34 of the medical students were into divided two group according to sex then separately instructed to the small groups 17 (n=2) the students for teaching of the surface heart auscultation. Before and after education of heart auscultation the surface anatomy, they exactly find proper exact location for heart.. The collected data were analyzed by using pair and t tests.Results: Out of 34 students 10 were male and 24 female , the average age of the students was 21.54± 1.63 in the males whereas it was 20.56± 1.6 in the females. Mean of time to the find correct foci for mitral , tricuspid, aorta and pulmonary of heart auscultation after surface anatomy education was significantly lesser compared with the current or before applying new education method (P < 0.001). Results showed heart auscultation for mitral, pulmonary and aorta was significantly compared better when compared with the result before surface anatomy education.Conclusion: The results showed that teaching of the surface anatomy heart auscultation for medical students result in better finding of exact heart auscultation and decreased the time taking for finding such location.
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
Behrooz Yahyaei; Mahnaz Nouri; Maedeh Ramezani
Volume 25, Issue 6 , November and December 2018, , Pages 885-894
Abstract
Introduction:Today the anabolic steroids, widely used but side effects aren’t wellknown, this research aimed to study the effects of anabolic steroids Bulednon with aerobic training on cerebellar tissue changes of male Wistar rat have been made during 2016.Methods: This study was conducted on mice ...
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Introduction:Today the anabolic steroids, widely used but side effects aren’t wellknown, this research aimed to study the effects of anabolic steroids Bulednon with aerobic training on cerebellar tissue changes of male Wistar rat have been made during 2016.Methods: This study was conducted on mice Wistar rat. 49 rats into 7 groups: control (n=7), sham (n=7), no practice at a dose of 2mg/kg Boldenone (n=7), without practicing at a dose of 5mg/kg Boldenone (n=7), group exercise (n=7), a workout at a dose of 2mg / kg dose Boldenone (n=7) and practice 5mg/kg Boldenone (n=7) were divided. The mice were kept under identical conditions and with the same power and endurance activities according to their protocol and drug Boldenone the intervention groups were injected. After eight weeks, the mice were anesthetized and sacrificed them tissue samples from the cerebellum were prepared.Results: There was a significant difference between the groups treated with exercise and control group without exercise. In the group exercise amount and rate of change of the cerebellum tissue is significantly lower than the control group. And even there was a significant difference between the two groups with different dosages also under endurance exercise.Conclusion: The results showed that endurance and aerobic activity for 8 weeks can be largely Boldenone effects of the drug on mice reduces brain tissue but with increasing doses Boldenone creation these changes are inevitable.
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
Rahim Golmohammadi; mohammadreza Mohajeri; Motahareh Golmohammadi
Volume 25, Issue 3 , July and August 2018, , Pages 271-278
Abstract
AbstractBackground and purpose: The effect of the marker expression high molecular weight cytokeratin ) HMWCK ( in Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and adenocarcinoma prostate. There were conventional reported about rate expression HMWCK in adenocarcinoma prostate The purpose of this studied was to ...
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AbstractBackground and purpose: The effect of the marker expression high molecular weight cytokeratin ) HMWCK ( in Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and adenocarcinoma prostate. There were conventional reported about rate expression HMWCK in adenocarcinoma prostate The purpose of this studied was to determine expression of the marker HMWCK with histopathological parameters in BPH and adnocarcinoma in prostatic by immunohistochemistry methods. Materials and Methods: This descriptive analytical research was conducted on 79 patients admitted to Hospital in Isfahan Iran. Samples were fixed in formalin and tissue processing and stained by hematoxilin and eosin adenocarcinoma samples were classified with Gleason pattern ( score) method by two pathologist. The effect of over expression in marker expression HMWCK was done after diagnosis by two expert(blind). The obtained data were analyzed using chi-square test.Results: Out of the 79 specimens 43 samples were BPH and 36 samples were adenocarcinoma . in 40 samples with diagnosis BPH were observed of the marker HMWCK and 3 samples were negative. Out of 36 samples with diagnosis adenocarcinoma 35 them over expression marker of the HMWCK were negative but one samples was positive. . The over specimens malignancy were in higher Gleason score There was significant relationships between type samples (BPH and adenocarcinoma) with over expression of the marker HMWCK P
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
Parisa Kerishchi; sayeh Bidaran
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, , Pages 241-250
Abstract
Introduction: Study of Factors affecting regulation and modulation cytokine balance is particularly important in order to inhibit the growth and spread of breast cancer cells in women. In this study the effect of Allium cepa to inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells in female BALB/c mice who have ...
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Introduction: Study of Factors affecting regulation and modulation cytokine balance is particularly important in order to inhibit the growth and spread of breast cancer cells in women. In this study the effect of Allium cepa to inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells in female BALB/c mice who have been patient by induction of cell line 4T1 were investigated.Materials and Methods: In this study have been used of the mice, BALB /c female with breast cancer by injection of mouse cell line 4T1. In each group: Normal control, morbid without treatment (sham) and the experimental group (at the same time induction, were receiving onion root extract food rations) were randomly 8 mice. Daily after washing, dewatering roots red onion (Allium cepa) and fed oral for once a day each of the mouse in the experimental group .1 ml/100gBW/day. The mice are placed under deep anesthesia7 weeks after Induced cell line 4T1. During the seven weeks the mice were weighed every other day .Tumor volume was measured by caliper following the formation of the tumor until the end of the seventh week. The tumor weighed after removal from the body. Spleen removed and was placed in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10%, FBS and ELISA tests were performed to measure the IFN-γ and IL-4 levels. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 18). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess differences between groups and Tukey's test was used in order to determine the significance of differences between groups.