Mohammad-Shafi Mojadadi; Najmeh Mahmoodabadi; Melika Lal-Kargar; Hossein Elyasi
Abstract
Objectives Despite vaccination, rubella is still considered as a major disease and a threat to global health. According to evidence, approximately 100 000 cases of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) occur annually in the world. The current study aimed at determining the immune status of rubella among ...
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Objectives Despite vaccination, rubella is still considered as a major disease and a threat to global health. According to evidence, approximately 100 000 cases of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) occur annually in the world. The current study aimed at determining the immune status of rubella among female students of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzever, Iran.Methods In the current cross sectional study, 143 female students filled out the questionnaires focusing demographic and epidemiological properties (residency, history of rubella vaccine, history of rubella infection among him/herself and the family members). Then, after obtaining the informed consent, blood samples were obtained from the students, and anti-rubella IgM and IgG were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16, using descriptive statistical methods and Chi-square test.Results According to the results of the current study, 45.8% of the participants were from Sabzevar and the rest were from other cities of Iran; 3% of the students had not received rubella vaccine. Results obtained from ELISA test showed that all serum samples were negative for rubella-specific IgM. Also, 99.3% of the students had acceptable titers (>10 IU/mL) for the rubella-specific IgG.Conclusion The current study showed that the rubella immune status was quite satisfactory among the female students of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences.
D ZARE; K EMAD ZADEH; H ANSARI HADIPOUR; M MARDANEH; A FARHANGI; SM ATYABI; D NOUROUZIAN; MR MEHRABI; A AKBARZADEH
Volume 14, Issue 1 , March and April 2007, , Pages 23-31
Abstract
Background and purpose: Morphine vaccine is a product of morphine-6- succinate synthesis and its conjugation with albumin serum. Each dose contains 0.5 mg Aluminum hydroxide, 8 mg sodium chloride, 1.12 mg di- sodium hydrogen phosphate, 1.1 mg sodium di- hydrogen phosphate and 50 mg morphine-6- succinate ...
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Background and purpose: Morphine vaccine is a product of morphine-6- succinate synthesis and its conjugation with albumin serum. Each dose contains 0.5 mg Aluminum hydroxide, 8 mg sodium chloride, 1.12 mg di- sodium hydrogen phosphate, 1.1 mg sodium di- hydrogen phosphate and 50 mg morphine-6- succinate albumin serum. Humoral safety is achieved in morphine addicts following three successive doses within 0-30- 60-day intervals. Its immunogenicity brings about withdrawal without the risk of abstinence syndrome. This study was conducted to examine the effect morphine vaccine on morphine addicts.
Methods and Materials: Based on the Ethics protocol of Pasteur Institute of Iran, this clinical trial was conducted on 102 male volunteer addicts (mean age 25 years). Variables included vaccine dosage and concentration on of antibodies. Volunteers were divided into groups of 30 (experimental) and 4 (placebo).
Adjuant was injected to placebo group addicts; the three experimental groups were given 5, 12, 100 and 600 mg within 0- 30-60 days interval through injection to deltoid; all subjects referred for follow-up on the 90th day. Blood samples and antibody evaluation was obtained from all three groups in months 5, 7, 9, 11 and 12.
Results: A positive correlation was observed between antibody production and vaccine dosage as well as frequency of injection.
Anti-morphine antibody was detected after the first injection of 100mg/ml, 600mg/ml and second injection of 12.5mg/ml doses.
Antibody levels reached the peak by three months and did not decline to the baseline after one year
Conclusion: the vaccine was well tolerated and lacked the reverse and unfavorable effects, characteristic of vaccines and drugs. On day 90, humoral immunity was created in all patients.