Physical Education
Mehdi Zarei; ali gohari; Zeynab Sadat Hosseini
Volume 30, Issue 1 , May and June 2023, , Pages 117-129
Abstract
Introduction: Regular physical activity during pregnancy is associated with a reduced risk of gestational diabetes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the level and intensity of physical activity in pregnant women with gestational diabetes and healthy pregnant women.Materials and ...
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Introduction: Regular physical activity during pregnancy is associated with a reduced risk of gestational diabetes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the level and intensity of physical activity in pregnant women with gestational diabetes and healthy pregnant women.Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 100 referring pregnant women (50 pregnant women with gestational diabetes and 50 healthy pregnant women) with purposeful sampling from available samples with an age range of 25-35 years. Physical activity level was measured using the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ). Mann-Whitney u test was used to compare the level and intensity of physical activity of two groups.Results: The level of physical activity at home (p=0.013), Transportation activity(p=0.000) and total physical activity(p=0.012) in the gestational diabetes group was significantly lower compared to the healthy pregnant group. There was no significant difference in occupational physical activity(p=0.815) and Sports/exercise activities(p=0.104) between the two groups. The activities with light intensity(p=0.042) and moderate intensity(p=0.030) in the gestational diabetes group were significantly lower than the healthy group. No significant difference was observed in high-intensity activities (p=0.315) and sedentary behaviors (p=0.114) between the two groups.Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the level of physical activity and activities with light and moderate intensity in pregnant women with gestational diabetes are lower than in healthy pregnant women, hence the development of prevention programs with aim of increasing the level of physical activity is necessary.
Aging
Azadeh Hajipour; Maryam Javadi; Mahnaz Abbasi; Isa Mohammadi Zeidi
Volume 28, Issue 6 , January and February 2022, , Pages 923-935
Abstract
Introduction: The present study was conducted to determine the effect of education on glycemic control in the elderly with type 2 diabetes.Methods: The present study was a randomized controlled intervention that was performed on 110 elderly people with type 2 diabetes by multi-stage random sampling method ...
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Introduction: The present study was conducted to determine the effect of education on glycemic control in the elderly with type 2 diabetes.Methods: The present study was a randomized controlled intervention that was performed on 110 elderly people with type 2 diabetes by multi-stage random sampling method in Mallard city (55 in the intervention group and 55 in the control group). The cases received 2 intensive training sessions and then the training follow-up by sending daily SMS to the mobile phone for a period of three months. Data related to demographic status, anthropometric indices, self-care rate and glucose profile indices of patients were collected before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22 and independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and ANOVA.Results: Comparison of glucose profiles of control and intervention patients before and after three months of educational intervention showed a significant decrease in mean FBS and HbA1c (p
Psychology
Ali Zendegani; Zahra Aliyari; Arezo Kasavandi
Volume 26, Issue 6 , March and April 2020, , Pages 763-769
Abstract
Background: Depression is of paramount importance to people with chronic internal diseases.One of these diseases is type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of depression in diabetic patients.Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study was performed ...
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Background: Depression is of paramount importance to people with chronic internal diseases.One of these diseases is type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of depression in diabetic patients.Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study was performed on 384 diabetic patients.These subjects were selected randomly from among all type 2 diabetic patients referring to the diabetes clinic in the winter of 2016.Data was collected using questionnaire containing general information and 21 questions for depression diagnosis. A score above 16 is indicative of depression symptoms. Statistical analysis was performed by SSPS software )version 9( with non-parametric Chi-square index.The results of the prevalence of depression among 108 male and 276 female diabetic patients showed that 25% of men and 75% of women were depressed.Results: The results of examining the variables of gender, family size, marital status, educational level, occupation, income, and duration of diagnosis on depression showed that depression in men and women significantly depends on the aforementioned factors. With the values of (p = 0/02, p =0/00, p = 0/006, p = 0/00, p = 0/00, p = 0/00, p =0/00) ,respectively. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of depression and the age of the patients(p =0/4).Conclusion: Depression is very common in diabetic patients, so psychiatric counseling is recommended for depression in diabetic patients.
Hamid Moghaddasi; Reza Rabiei; Forogh Rahimi; Shirin Ayani
Volume 22, Special Issue , March and April 2016, , Pages 1180-1191
Abstract
Background & Objective: The primary problem of diabetics is estimating the insulin dose in a way that blood glucose level is placed within the proper physiological scope in the body. However, due to the fact that insulin drug consumption can be very risky, new technologies, especially Clinical Decision ...
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Background & Objective: The primary problem of diabetics is estimating the insulin dose in a way that blood glucose level is placed within the proper physiological scope in the body. However, due to the fact that insulin drug consumption can be very risky, new technologies, especially Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS), have extensive use for blood glucose control. This study aims at examining the evolution of CDSSs for estimating insulin dose. Materials & Methods: In this review, scientific databases using a combination of sensitive keywords were searched out in articles published in accredited journals. Then, categorization and content analysis procedures were performed using scientific methods. Findings: In open loop control approach, the level of blood glucose is measured by the patient and dose of required insulin is determined by CDSSs based on Information Technologies with the inspection of a physician. However, in closed loop control approach the CDSS which is placed in Insulin pump, receives the level of blood glucose via the pump sensor and then determines the dose of required insulin. It is noteworthy that either of these approaches contains two different types. Conclusion: Though in modern society the development of open loop control systems based on Information Technologies seems more affordable and more possible, scientists are increasingly trying to make intelligent closed loop control systems with the impact of Nano equipment. Their purpose is to produce an Artificial Pancreas which can simulate natural pancreas activities to satisfy the patients' mutilation.
Mohammadreza Rajabi; Mehrdad Roghani; Zeynab Adab
Volume 21, Issue 6 , January and February 2015, , Pages 1123-1133
Abstract
Background and Aim: Diabetes mellitus is accompanied with higher incidence of cardiovascular disorders. Due to antioxidant activity of the flavonoid myricetin, this study was conducted to evaluate its effect on contractile and relaxation response of thoracic aorta in diabetic rats and to determine the ...
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Background and Aim: Diabetes mellitus is accompanied with higher incidence of cardiovascular disorders. Due to antioxidant activity of the flavonoid myricetin, this study was conducted to evaluate its effect on contractile and relaxation response of thoracic aorta in diabetic rats and to determine the role of oxidative stress.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups, i.e. control, myricetin-treated control (1 mg/kg), diabetic, and myricetin-treated diabetic groups (1 mg/kg). Myricetin was daily administered (i.p.) ten days after streptozotocin injection for 3 weeks. At the end of study, contractile reactivity of thoracic aortic rings to KCl and phenylephrine and relaxation response to acetylcholine was determined using isolated tissue setup. In addition, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite were assessed in aortic tissue.
Results: Myricetin -treated diabetic group showed a non-significantly lower maximum contraction to KCl and a significantly lower maximum contraction to phenylephrine (p
Banafsheh Ranjbar; Iran Poraboli
Volume 21, Issue 3 , July and August 2014, , Pages 370-378
Abstract
Background: With respect to antioxidant, antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic properties of Daucus carota seeds extract in improvement diabetes mellitus, in this study, effects of this extract on renal function indicators and liver function enzymes were investigated in diabetic male rats.
Materials ...
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Background: With respect to antioxidant, antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic properties of Daucus carota seeds extract in improvement diabetes mellitus, in this study, effects of this extract on renal function indicators and liver function enzymes were investigated in diabetic male rats.
Materials and Methods: Diabete type 1 was induced in male wistar rats weighting 200-250g by injection of 70 mg/kg, i.p of streptozotocin. Before this and 5 days postinjection fasting blood samples were collected for measurement of serum levels of glucose and liver enzymes (AST, ALT) and kidney indicators(urea, creatinine , uric acid). Diabetes was confirmed in rats having FBS above 250 mg/dL. Diabetic animals were devided to 10 groups received 100, 200, 300 mg/kg extract, 0.5 mL distilled water and 600µg/kg glibenclamide daily for 3 and 14 days individually by gavage. After 3 and, 14 days rats sacrified and fasting blood samples were collected and above serum parameters were measured with commertial kits by spectrophotometery
Results: Administration of different doses of D. Carota seeds extract for 3 and 14 days did not increase serum levels of renal indicators or liver enzymes. Also administration of extract (300 mg/kg) for 3 days significantly decreased urea and for 14 days decreased creatinine serum level. Also administration of extract at doses 100, 300 mg/kg for 3 days decreased AST and at 200 mg/kg for 14 days decreased ALT serum levels.
Conclusion: Using Daucus carota seeds extract for 3 or 14 days in remedy diabetes mellitus complications had no hepatotoxicity or renal damage.
Ali Kheradmand; Akbar Ranjbarzade; Kazem hassanpour; Fatemeh Bidi
Volume 19, Issue 4 , January and February 2013, , Pages 336-344
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is the most widely and important patient that derived from body metabolism disorders. Health education and modification and behavioral methods are more effective and economic way to prevent and control the diabetes. So, the aim of present research is study of the effect of changing ...
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Background: Diabetes is the most widely and important patient that derived from body metabolism disorders. Health education and modification and behavioral methods are more effective and economic way to prevent and control the diabetes. So, the aim of present research is study of the effect of changing behavior on knowledge, attitudes, self-care, quality of life, and lifestyle of type II diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: Research method was experimental that carried out using the pretest–posttest plan and a control group. From patients with type II diabetes who referenced to Bojnord health center selected forty patients that fitted to identified criteria and assigned to 2 group of experiment (20 patients) and control (20 patients). Five-section questionnaire was implemented to determine the demographic information and to measure knowledge (from Ghanzanfari and reliability 0.84), attitude (from Ghanzanfari and reliability 0.81), self-care (from Ghanzanfari and reliability 0.91) and quality of life (SF-20 and reliability 0.79). These tools conducted in 2 stages. Validity of questionnaires has approved through experts. Educational program based on modification of habits and nutrition method conducted in 5 session 30 minutes. Data analyzed through SPSS 18. Results: The mean age of people was 52.17±7.58. The results showed that intervention of education had no significant effect on the knowledge of the people under study (p=0.083). However, on the variables of attitudes toward the illness (p=0.001), self-care (p=0.001) and quality of life (p=0.001), intervention of changing behavior had a significant effect. Conclusion: Implementing health care and changing inappropriate behaviors, type II diabetic patients would be able to change their attitude toward life and lifestyle. Such cares would be better to be continuous and the clinical and psychological methods to be applied in addition to the pharmaceutical ones.
A MOTAMEDZADEH; M AFKHAMI ARDEKANI; M RASHIDI
Volume 14, Issue 4 , January and February 2008, , Pages 205-210
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Type II diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion and increased hepatic glucose production. Metformin is a biguanide which reduces the production of hepatic glucose and is able to increase the sensitivity of peripheral tissue ...
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Background and Purpose: Type II diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion and increased hepatic glucose production. Metformin is a biguanide which reduces the production of hepatic glucose and is able to increase the sensitivity of peripheral tissue to insulin. This study was designed to investigate the effect of metformin on lipid profile and body weight.
Methods and Materials: In this clinical trial, 51 type II diabetic patients, admitted to Yazd Research Crnter of Diabetes, with FBS>150 mg/dl, Tg>200 mg/dl and BMI>25 kg/m2 and no previous history of metformin use, were selected. They were give metformin for one month, 1 gr a day; after one month, they were assessed for BMI, 2hPP and FBS. Due to gastrointestinal complications, 4 patients were excluded from the research. Paired t-test was used in comparing the befor-after response means.
Results: After using metformin, cholesterole and triglyceride dropped by 9.26±2.1 and 54.02±50.51 mg/dl respectively. Also, metformin induced a significant decrease in FBS, 2h postprandial glucose and body weight. No significant relationship was observed between the mean weight loss and factors of age and sex.
Conclusion: In the present study, metformin reduced blood sugar, lipids and body weight.
GH.R AZARI; AJ MARJANI; GH.R VAGHARI; ME KORDJAZI
Volume 11, Issue 4 , January and February 2005, , Pages 40-45
Abstract
Purpose: Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic disease with a prevalence of 1 to 2% in the world. It predisposes to other disease, such as cardiovascular diseases. This study was conducted to examine some of the problems of these patients.
Methods and Material: 334 subjects (109 male and 225 female) ...
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Purpose: Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic disease with a prevalence of 1 to 2% in the world. It predisposes to other disease, such as cardiovascular diseases. This study was conducted to examine some of the problems of these patients.
Methods and Material: 334 subjects (109 male and 225 female) were randomly selected as study samples. Having responded to a questionnaire including economic and social questions, the subjects were examined to measure their height and weight as well as some biochemical tests.
Results: The findings revealed that 24.9% suffered from type I and 75.1% form type II diabetes; 31% were illiterate and 47% were of elementary education. In 49.9% of the type I sufferers and 85.2% of the type II sufferers, BMI was above 25. Ale hemoglobin was over 8% in 85.3% of the subjects. FBS higher than 110 mg/dl was observed in 73.2% and 86.4% of type I and type II sufferers respectively. The cholesterol level was higher than 259 in 9.1% and 27.3%; and triglyceride level was higher than 170 mg/dl in type I and II sufferers respectively.
Conclusion: Therefore, as a high percentage (75%) of the patients were from type II sufferers with no appropriate care giving, a suitable training schedule is necessary to control the weight, sugar and cholesterol as well as other indexes of patients attended diabetes clinics.