Physical Education
Abbas Salhikia; Mohammad Parastesh
Volume 26, Issue 1 , March and April 2019, , Pages 89-97
Abstract
Background: The aim of present study was to investigate effects of endurance training on surfactant protein-D in streptozotocin–nicotinamide induced diabetic rats.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study، thirty-six adult male Wistar rats in the weight range of 200±48gr, randomly ...
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Background: The aim of present study was to investigate effects of endurance training on surfactant protein-D in streptozotocin–nicotinamide induced diabetic rats.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study، thirty-six adult male Wistar rats in the weight range of 200±48gr, randomly assigned in to four groups: healthy control, diabetic control, diabetic endurance training and healthy endurance training. For induction of diabetes, intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide solution (120 mg/kg) and STZ solution (65 mg/kg) was used. The endurance training protocol was performed for 8-week and Twenty-four hours after the last training session blood serum samples were examined for evaluating reproductive hormones. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Turkey’s Post Hoc test at 0.05%. Results: Endurance training caused a significant decrease in blood glucose in the endurance diabetic training group compared to the diabetic control group (P=0.000). Serum Protein-D Surfactant (SPD) serum levels in the diabetic control group significantly decreased (P=0.001) and the insulin resistance index (P=0.000) was significantly lower than healthy controls. 8 weeks of endurance training significantly increased in SPD (P=0.041) in endurance diabetic training group compared to diabetic control group. Also, exercise significantly decreased insulin resistance index (P=0.000) and insulin (P=0.029) in endurance diabetic training group compared to diabetic control group.Conclusion: It seems that Endurance training by increasing the levels of serum SPD improve insulin resistance index in type 2 diabetic mice.Keywords: Streptozotocin–nicotinamide, Surfactant protein-D, Insulin, Training.
Hamid Mohammad Sadeghi; Alireza Vahidi; Mohammad Ebrahim Rezvani; Mansour Esmaeeli Dahej; Ali Aliabadi
Volume 23, Issue 2 , March and April 2016, , Pages 281-289
Abstract
Background: Flavonoids accounted for the most of antidiabetic effects of heral medicines. The effects of Salvigenin, a flavonoids from salvia officinalis, were not reported. We aimed to investigate the effects of the flavonoid on biochemical indices and cardiac hemodynamic parameters of type 1 diabetic ...
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Background: Flavonoids accounted for the most of antidiabetic effects of heral medicines. The effects of Salvigenin, a flavonoids from salvia officinalis, were not reported. We aimed to investigate the effects of the flavonoid on biochemical indices and cardiac hemodynamic parameters of type 1 diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: After extracting the herb, salvigenin was purified by extraction and silica gel column chromatography. Type 1 diabetes was induced by single injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at dose of 70 mg/kg. The rats were allocated into 4 groups as follows: control group that received vehicle and treatments groups that received salvigenin at doses of 5, 10 or 25 mg/kg bodyweight for 30 days. Thereafter, blood samples were collected and fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, serum lipid profile and serum insulin level were measured. One way analysis of variances was used to assess significant differences between means of parameters between groups. Result: The obtained results implied that salvigenin can significantly reduce fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1cand serum lipid profile. In addition, serum insulin level and plasma HDL were significantly elevated in rats treated with salvigenin in compared to control rats.
Hossein Shirvani; Fatemeh Rostamkhani; Homeyra Zardooz
Volume 21, Issue 5 , September and October 2014, , Pages 819-828
Abstract
Background and objective: Stress specially the chronic psychological one is an important issue of our modern society. In this regard, this study has been investigated the effects of chronic psychological stress on metabolic, hormonal and behavioral parameters.
Materials and methods: The present study ...
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Background and objective: Stress specially the chronic psychological one is an important issue of our modern society. In this regard, this study has been investigated the effects of chronic psychological stress on metabolic, hormonal and behavioral parameters.
Materials and methods: The present study is an experimental intervention.The animals were divided into control and stressed groups and then subdivided into 15 and 30 days (n=7). Stress was induced by the communication box.This device consisted of 9 chambers. The animals received electrical shock in five chambers and the animals in four chambers exposed to various emotional. Chronic stress for 15 and 30 days (h / day1) was applied. Blood sampling was done by using retro orbital puncture method. The plasma levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, insulin, and corticosterone were measured. In addition, feed and water intake, latency to eat and drink, adrenal and body weights were determined. For statistical analysis a mixed analysis of variance with repeated measures within the stressed and control groups and independent measures between the two groups was performed by SPSS Version 16.0 program package. The level of significance was considered less than 0.05.
Results: Chronic psychological stress did not significantly change plasma corticosterone (P=0.41), insulin (P=0.45), glucose (P=0.47), triglyceride (P=0.07) and cholesterol (P=0.26) levels. 30 days chronic stress significantly increased feed intake compared to control ones (P=0.01). Whereas water intake (P=0.07), latency to eat (P=0.70) and drink (P=0.08) did not change significantly in the stressed group. 30 days exposure to the stress in both control and stressed groups increased body (P=0.002 and P=0.004 respectively) and adrenal (P=0.01 and P=0.04 respectively) weights markedly compared to day 15.
Conclusion: short and mid-term psychological stress did not change hormonal and metabolic parameters significantly, whereas feed intake was significantly increased. However, no significant difference was observed in body weight of stressed animals compared to controls.
Alireza Fathi; Seyyed Ebrahim Hosseini; Leila Sayyadi
Volume 21, Issue 2 , May and June 2014, , Pages 263-270
Abstract
Background: Nicotine is one of the ingredients in cigarettes. Nicotine is toxic to the brain, cardiovascular system and respiratory tract and the body tissues. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of nicotine on the enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ...
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Background: Nicotine is one of the ingredients in cigarettes. Nicotine is toxic to the brain, cardiovascular system and respiratory tract and the body tissues. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of nicotine on the enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glucose, and insulin lipid profile in diabetic rats.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 50 Wistar adult male rats weighing 220-250 g were used and divided into five groups of 10, including control (no treatment), diabetic control, and experimental (diabetic mice) groups 1, 2 and 3 that treated with 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 mg/kg nicotine, respectively. In this study, diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ). At the end of the treatment period, blood samples were taken from mice and serum enzymes AST, ALP, ALT; and LDL, HDL, cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin and glucose levels were measured. Data analyses were performed in SPSS software 18, using ANOVA and Tukey test.
Results: The results showed a significant increase in the concentration of enzymes ALT, AST and ALP; and glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL levels; but a significant decrease in HDL level in the experimental group compared with the control group.
Conclusion: Nicotine increases the complications of diabetes, such as increase in glucose, lipids and liver enzymes ALP, AST and ALT.
Seyyed Alireza Hosseini Kakhk; Zahra Attarzadeh; AmirHossein Haghighi
Volume 20, Issue 4 , January and February 2014, , Pages 563-572
Abstract
Background: Adiponectin is an adipocytokine that is hypothesized to be involved in insulin resistance and diabetes. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of two different single-session aquatic exercises on serum adiponectin and insulin resistance in women with type 2 diabetes.
Materials ...
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Background: Adiponectin is an adipocytokine that is hypothesized to be involved in insulin resistance and diabetes. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of two different single-session aquatic exercises on serum adiponectin and insulin resistance in women with type 2 diabetes.
Materials and methods: In an experimental study with crossover design, eight postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes (mean age 56.6±4.9 years) were randomly assigned to three groups: control (Con), low duration (LD) exercise (45 – 50 min), and moderate duration (MD) exercise (65-70 min). Blood samples were taken immediately and 24 hours after exercise. Data were analyzed using one-way repeated measures analysis of variance, in SPSS software version 16 (P
Mohammad Seyyedahmadi; Akbar Pejhan; Fattah Moradi; Soran Aminiaghaddam
Volume 19, Issue 4 , January and February 2013, , Pages 325-335
Abstract
Background: Adiponectin is the one of adipocytokines, which may be a marker for coronary artery disease and appears to have protective metabolic and anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this study was to survey relationships between serum adiponectin levels with insulin resistance, blood pressure, ...
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Background: Adiponectin is the one of adipocytokines, which may be a marker for coronary artery disease and appears to have protective metabolic and anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this study was to survey relationships between serum adiponectin levels with insulin resistance, blood pressure, and cardio-respiratory function in sedentary men. Methods and Materials: In semi-experimental study, forty five young men, without experience of regular physical activity during six months ago, were selected. After 12 h fasting (at 8 A.M.), blood samples were collected to determine serum levels of adiponectin, insulin, and glucose. Cardio-respiratory function of subjects was estimated using Balke's treadmill protocol and their blood pressures were measured by sphygmomanometer. Data was analyzed by SPSS 16.0 software and the relationships were calculated by Pearson’s correlation analysis. P value of less than 0.01 was considered statistically significant. Results: Adiponectin levels were negatively correlated to body mass index (r = –0.41, p < 0.002), insulin (r = –0.45, p < 0.009), glucose (r = –0.27, p < 0.007), and HOMA index (r = –0.40, p < 0.002), while positively correlated to maximal oxygen uptake (r = 0.31, p < 0.006). No significant correlations were observed between adiponectin levels and systolic (r = –0.13, p < 0.097) and diastolic blood pressure (r = –0.09, p < 0.117). Conclusions: It appears that in sedentary men, who have lower cardio-respiratory fitness, lower adiponectin levels may be associated with disorder in glycemic, and this promotes probability of diabetes type II and cardiovascular diseases in these subjects. Also, serum concentrations of adiponectin are directly correlated with cardio-respiratory function, but it appears that there is no correlation between adiponectin levels and blood pressure.
Hoda Azizi; Farahzad Jabbari; Mahmud Shabestari; Maryam Hashemian
Volume 19, Issue 3 , September and October 2012, , Pages 206-216
Abstract
Background: Given the high prevalence and high mortality of cardiovascular disease, special attention should be paid to its treatment. Currently, the main treatment for ST-elevation myocardial infarction is restoring blood flow by dissolving the clot. In addition to this basic treatment, several pharmacologic ...
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Background: Given the high prevalence and high mortality of cardiovascular disease, special attention should be paid to its treatment. Currently, the main treatment for ST-elevation myocardial infarction is restoring blood flow by dissolving the clot. In addition to this basic treatment, several pharmacologic agents have been studied during the past years. In this paper, clinical trials about glucose-insulin-potassium are discussed in addition to adjuvant treatment which has been suggested in recent years. Materials and Methods: All studies published in journals or presented at scientific conferences were searched in Elsevier, PubMed, Cochrane, and SID databases using relevant keywords. After quality control, eligible articles were included in the study. Results: The results of this review article showed that studies on the effects of glucose-insulin-potassium treatment on mortality, cardiac enzyme levels, left ventricular ejection fraction, ST resolution, and inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers have been conflicting. But, generally, evidence from newer studies conducted on larger numbers of patients has shown ineffectiveness of glucose-insulin-potassium therapy. Conclusion: Currently, glucose-insulin-potassium therapy should not be recommended as an adjunct to thrombolytic therapy.
Mohammad Vafaee; Seyyed Reza Mohebi; Seyyed Reza Fatemi; Mohsen Vahedi; Khatoon Karimi; Akram Safaei; Maral Arkani; MohammadReza Zali
Volume 19, Issue 2 , May and June 2012, , Pages 109-115
Abstract
Background: Insulin-like growth factor 1 has an important role in cell proliferation and growth. Polymorphism in IGF-1 gene changes the level of this hormone and increases the risk of colorectal cancer. The aim of this study is to assess the incidence of IGF-1 polymorphism rs5742612 in Iranian population ...
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Background: Insulin-like growth factor 1 has an important role in cell proliferation and growth. Polymorphism in IGF-1 gene changes the level of this hormone and increases the risk of colorectal cancer. The aim of this study is to assess the incidence of IGF-1 polymorphism rs5742612 in Iranian population and to investigate the influence of this polymorphism in increasing the risk of colorectal cancer. Methods: Genotyping of IGF-1 gene was performed in a series of 110 colorectal cancer patients and 110 controls by using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping (PCR-RFLP) assays. We calculated odds ratio and confidence interval (CI) of IGF-1 genotypes to determine if these polymorphisms are associated with colorectal cancer. Result: No significant association was found between polymorphism of IGF-1 gene (rs5742612) and increased risk of colorectal cancer (p=0.92). The odds ratio for the heterozygous genotype CT versus the normal genotype CC was 1.3 (95% CI: 0.3-6.27) and the odds ratio for the mutant genotype TT versus the normal genotype CC was 0.0. The frequency of the mutant allele was 2.5%. Conclusion: These findings suggest that IGF-1 rs5742612 polymorphism is not associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer.
AliReza Vakili; Maryam Hashemiyan; Arash Akaberi
Volume 17, Issue 2 , July and August 2010, , Pages 67-73
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Some researchers believe that the treatment with glucose–insulin–potassium (GIK) in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) can reduce the mortality rate. Others, however, contradict this view. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the clinical and ...
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Background and Purpose: Some researchers believe that the treatment with glucose–insulin–potassium (GIK) in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) can reduce the mortality rate. Others, however, contradict this view. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the clinical and paraclinical effects of GIK in STEMI patients. Methods: This triple blind clinical trial was conducted from September 2008 to July 2009 on 72 STEMI patients in the CCU of Vasei Hospital in Sabzevar, Iran. They were assigned through block randomization into standard care or additional GIK infusion (25% glucose, 50 IU of soluble insulin per liter, and 80 mmol of potassium chloride per liter at 1.5 ml/kg/hour). They were assessed for the number of MACEs (death, reinfarction and serious arrhythmias), plasma concentrations of cardiac enzymes (CK, CK-MB), and left ventricular ejection fraction. The statistical analysis was conducted in SPSS 11.5 using Fisher’s exact test, t-test and repeated measurement. P