Fatemeh Masomi; Mehdi Hassanshahian; Mahasti mohammadi
Volume 25, Issue 4 , September and October 2018, , Pages 498-507
Abstract
Background and aim: In this study the antimicrobial effect of alcoholic extracts of Piper nigrum was evaluated against six antibiotic resistance pathogenic bacteria. Material and methods: The ethanolic extracts was prepared by modified maceration method. The antibacterial effects of extracts was assayed ...
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Background and aim: In this study the antimicrobial effect of alcoholic extracts of Piper nigrum was evaluated against six antibiotic resistance pathogenic bacteria. Material and methods: The ethanolic extracts was prepared by modified maceration method. The antibacterial effects of extracts was assayed against six antibiotic resistant bacteria by disc diffusion method. Also, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of each extracts was determined by macro-broth dilution method. The antibacterial effect of these extracts was analyzed on biofilm formation, destruction and inhibition of enzyme activity of bacteria. Results: In disc diffusion assay the maximum and minimum inhibitory effects of extracts was related to S. aureus and E. coli respectively. The methanolic extract with maximum MIC (50 mg/ml) had the lowest effect against P. aeruginosa. This extract with minimum MIC (25 mg/ml) had the maximum inhibition against E. coli. The maximum and minimum inhibitory effect on biofilm formation related to methanolic and ethanolic extracts at concentration (25 mg/ml) against S. aureus. The highest destruction of biofilm structures was observed in treatment of ethanolic extract against E. coli and the lowest destruction of biofilm was recorded for Acinetobacter. The maximum enzyme inhibition activity was observed in treatment with methanolic extract against Acinetobacter and the minimum effect of enzyme inhibition activity recorded for ethanolic extract against Klebsiella.Conclusion: Medical application of extracts and essential oil of medicinal plants for low side effects is valuable.
Seyyed Kazem Sabbagh; Saeedeh Saeedi; Zahra Dehbashi; Mahta Mazaheri Naeieni
Volume 22, Issue 5 , November and December 2015, , Pages 854-861
Abstract
Background and aim: Staphylococcus aureus is on of the most infectious agents to humans. In recent years, resistance strain to different antibiotic has been reported. With increasing of bacterial resistance to chemical drugs and effects of plant medicines, herbal medicines have been considered as alternative ...
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Background and aim: Staphylococcus aureus is on of the most infectious agents to humans. In recent years, resistance strain to different antibiotic has been reported. With increasing of bacterial resistance to chemical drugs and effects of plant medicines, herbal medicines have been considered as alternative medicaments. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of alcoholic extract of Black pepper and March against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus resistant to commonly used antibiotics.
Materials and Methods: Alcholic plant extraction was done using a rotary apparatus. Twelve, Staphylococcus aureus strains from urine samples was isolated and then purified. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBI) of the plant extracts at six different concentrations was determined broth medium using dilution method. Susceptibility of strains to multiple antibiotics was evaluated using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.
Result: The results of this study showed that higher and lower average resistance to tested antibiotic is belonged to Ceftazidime (66/66%) and vancomycin (8/1%) antibiotic, respectively. MIC assay of plant extracts showed that the highest effect of Pepper and March was determined at concentrations of 10 and 5 mg/ml, respectively. Whereas, the lowest MIC effect for Pepper and March was recorded at concentration of 2/5 and 0/62 mg/mL, respectively. The maximum MBC of plant extracts was recorded at concentration of 20 and 10 mg/mL for Pepper and March, respectively.
Conclusion: Although the clinical application of plant extracts and essential oils due to fewer side effects, seems valuable, However, to clinical application of the alcoholic extract of black pepper and march more researches on mode of action of effective compounds of plans on microbial agents have to be done.
Fereshteh Javadian; Zahra Sepehri; Mansour Amraee; Zohreh Kiani; Maryam Shahraki Mojahed; Zahra Shahi; Sepideh Pourghasemi Fetideh
Volume 22, Issue 4 , September and October 2015, , Pages 565-570
Abstract
Background and Purpose: The present study was carried out to determine the potential antibacterial agent of ethanolic extract of Hibiscus Sabdariffa against Klebsiella Pneumonia isolation of urinary tract infections. Methods and Materials:The leaf H. Sabdariffa was properly dried and pulverized ...
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Background and Purpose: The present study was carried out to determine the potential antibacterial agent of ethanolic extract of Hibiscus Sabdariffa against Klebsiella Pneumonia isolation of urinary tract infections. Methods and Materials:The leaf H. Sabdariffa was properly dried and pulverized into a coarse powder as described by Hanafy. Twenty grams of grinded powders from each plant were soaked in 60 ml of ethanol (95 %v/v) plus water, separately for one day with occasionally shaking. After one day of dissolving, materials were filtered through a Whatman no. 1 filter paper .Then the filtrates were evaporated using rotary evaporator. At last, 0.97 g of dried extract was obtained and then stored at40C in an air tight screw-cap tube. Isolation of bacteria : All 12 K. Pneumoniae were isolated from urine culture of hospitalized patients (Amir Al-Momenin Hospital, Zabol, south-eastern Iran), whom suffered from urinary tract infections during the years 2010- 2011. Isolated bacteria were identified by Gram's stain and standard biochemical tests. Sensitive strains to several antibiotics were evaluated by the disk diffusion method with standard Kirby - Bauer. Results: Results showed Klebsiella Pneumoniae isolates resistant to the antibiotics Erythromycin (75%) , Cefixime (3/58%) and Ceftazidime (3/33%). The results showed that the ethanol extract of Hibiscus tea with 10 ml / mg and l5 mg/m density have maximum inhibitory against Klebsiella Pneumonia samples and only one strain of K. Pneumoniae is inhibited in concentration 1/25. Discussion: It seems that H.Sabdariffa extracts could inhibit the growth of all of the mentioned bacteria. We noticed that the bactericidal effect of H.Sabdariffa extract was less than its bacteriostatic effects.
Ziba Foladvand; Zohreh Kiani; Fereshteh Javadian; Mehran Hesaraki; Aliakbar Nasiri; Zahra Sepehri
Volume 21, Issue 6 , January and February 2015, , Pages 1019-1027
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Development of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria motivates attempts to search for newer antimicrobial agents. In this research study, antibacterial effect of plant extract of M. communis , z.multiflora and Allium sativum on biofilm formation by strains of Staphylococcus ...
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Background and Purpose: Development of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria motivates attempts to search for newer antimicrobial agents. In this research study, antibacterial effect of plant extract of M. communis , z.multiflora and Allium sativum on biofilm formation by strains of Staphylococcus aureus resistant to the antibiotic were investigated.
Methods and Materials: 17 samples were separated from nose and throat of hospital and non-hospital personnels. The effect of extracts on biofilm formation by S.aureus and its resistant respect to the antibiotic were determined using a microplate 96 .
Results: Effect of antibacterial extracts used at different concentrations showed that, despite the relative resistance of most strains at concentrations used, the maximum sensitivity was at concentrations of 1.25, 2.5 and 5 mg/ml of extracts and concentration of 10 mg/ml of the extract was considered as MBC. Bacterial growth was observed only at 24 hours and no biofilm was observed at any of the extracts.
Conclusion : Results showed that plant extracts can reduce biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus and, therefore, they can play an important role in reducing disease.