M TAGHI ZADEH; ZA ASEMI
Volume 14, Issue 2 , July and August 2007, , Pages 95-102
Abstract
Background and purpose: Due to economic and biological, evacuation of the protein quality in food substances is of great importance. Therefore, biological, microbiological, chemical land combinational methods have been introduced and used to determine protein quality, among which suggested appropriate ...
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Background and purpose: Due to economic and biological, evacuation of the protein quality in food substances is of great importance. Therefore, biological, microbiological, chemical land combinational methods have been introduced and used to determine protein quality, among which suggested appropriate methods include net protein ratio (NPR), relative NPR, true protein digestibility (TPD) and protein efficacy ratio (PER). Regarding the importance of protein quality, particularly in low income families, this study was conducted in 2006 (1385) to compare the protein value of wheat-based cerelac (commercial) and Mixed Noodle-Soybean (domestic food) in rats.
Methods and Materials: This experimental study was conducted on 64 male wistar rats of 21-day age, divided into eight groups receiving eight varying diets: 4 diets including cases (commercial and domestic baby food), standard (casein + Methionine) and basal (protein free) to investigate NPR, RNPR and PER and 4 diets to investigate TPD. NPR investigation lasted 14 days. To calculate NPR, protein intake and weight gain were determined in rats. TPD investigation took 9 days, and to calculate TPD, nitrogen intake and fecal nitrogen were determined. PER was investigated in 28 days and to calculate it, protein intake and weight change were observed in rats. NPR, RNPR, TPD and PER for the casein + Methionie group with 2 commercial and 2 domestic baby food samples were analyzed using Hest.
Results: for casein + Methionine, Cerelac and domestic food group, respectively we found NPRs 4.3±0.4, 4.3±0.9 and 3.6±0.2 TPDs 92.8±4, 87±8 ; 88.5±4.1; PERs 3±0.2, 2.5±0.4 and 2.9±0.2. Also, difference of NPR and TPD were not significant across the two groups but that of PER was significant.
Conclusion: According to the findings, NPR of the domestic noodles + soybean food is lower than commercial cerelac but acceptable. Also, its PER and TPD are higher.
Seyyed Javad Mirnajafizadeh; Ali Jahanshahi Anvar; Yosef Sadeghi; Raziyeh Rohani; Abbas Piriayi; Maryam Zeraati
Volume 17, Issue 2 , July and August 2010, , Pages 96-107
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Application of low-frequency stimulation (LFS) induces anticonvulsant effects. In this study, the effect of changes in LFS frequencies on its anticonvulsant effects in kindling model of epilepsy was investigated by determining the behavioral and ultrastructural changes. Methods ...
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Background and Purpose: Application of low-frequency stimulation (LFS) induces anticonvulsant effects. In this study, the effect of changes in LFS frequencies on its anticonvulsant effects in kindling model of epilepsy was investigated by determining the behavioral and ultrastructural changes. Methods and Materials: In this experimental study, 45 Wistar rats weighing 250-280 g were used. For induction of kindled seizures, stimulating and recording electrodes were implanted in perforant path and dentate gyrus respectively. Animals were stimulated in a rapid kindling manner. Different groups of animals received LFS at different frequencies (0.5, 1 and 5 Hz) following kindling stimulations and their effects on kindling rate were determined using behavioral and electrophysiological studies. After stimulating the animals for 7 days, they were killed and their dentate gyri were sampled for ultrastructural studies under electron microscopy. For data analysis, one-way and two-way ANOVA, LSD, Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney U were used in Statistica 2. Results: Different LFS frequencies had a significant inhibitory effect on kindling rate and decreased after-discharge duration and the number of stimulations to achieve stage 4 and 5 seizures significantly. In addition, application of LFS prevented the increase in the post-synaptic density and induction of concave synaptic vesicles following kindling. There was not any significant change between anticonvulsant effects of LFS at different frequencies. Conclusion: Obtained results show that LFS application can prevent the neuronal hyper-excitability by preventing the ultrastructural changes during kindling, and can exert its anticonvulsant effects.
Ahmad Delbari; Reza Salman-Roghani; Seyyed Shahabeddin Tabatabae
Volume 19, Issue 2 , May and June 2012, , Pages 96-108
Abstract
Stroke is one of the most common neurologic disorders with the highest mortality, morbidity, and loss of activity. Its crude annual incidence rate in Iran is 113-149 per 100,000 population. Due to the relatively young population of our country and their aging in the near future, the stroke incidence ...
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Stroke is one of the most common neurologic disorders with the highest mortality, morbidity, and loss of activity. Its crude annual incidence rate in Iran is 113-149 per 100,000 population. Due to the relatively young population of our country and their aging in the near future, the stroke incidence will rise significantly. Despite prominent advances in neuroscience and the existence of some effective medications for controlling stroke in the hyperacute phase, one of the most promising therapeutic approaches for these patients is rehabilitation. In this review, we try to outline the principles of stroke rehabilitation, new advances, our experiences, opportunities, and obstacles in Iran, hoping to improve the level of knowledge and quality of care for one of the most demanding and disabled segments of the population.
Mehdi Golafruz; Mehroz Javadi; Hadi Golafruz; Abbas Ebadi; Mohammadmehdi Salari
Volume 18, Issue 2 , July and August 2011, , Pages 98-103
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Health care personnel are always exposed to occupational injuries especially injuries due to sharp and cutting things. Therefore، the present study was designed and conducted to investigate the effect of safe management performance on knowledge، attitude and practice (KAP) levels ...
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Background and Purpose: Health care personnel are always exposed to occupational injuries especially injuries due to sharp and cutting things. Therefore، the present study was designed and conducted to investigate the effect of safe management performance on knowledge، attitude and practice (KAP) levels of the health care personnel of Baqyatallah Hospital، Iran.
Method and Materials: This experimental study was carried out in 2010، and 115 nurses were selected from 8 parallel wards; two random groups were shaped: experimental (n=59) and control (n=56) groups. The data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire including 59 questions on the personnel’s knowledge، attitude and practice. The KAP was assessed in both groups after a two-month training period. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS 15 using chi-square، independent and paired t-test (P0.05). However، the KAP scores of the experimental group after training became 15.7±2.6، 58.1±2.7 and 87±4.6 respectively، with the corresponding control group scores of 6.2±1.8، 50.6±7.1 and 76.7±13 respectively; the difference after training was significant (P
Alireza Abadi; farideh Tahbaz; MohammadHasan Entezari; Hamidreza Shams
Volume 15, Issue 2 , July and August 2008, , Pages 98-103
Abstract
Background and purpose: Researchers have Recently Recommended high-fiber and low glycemic-index foods for glycemic control in diabetics and reduction of Lipid Profiles. This Study intended to investigate the effect of baked lentils ( as a highly consumed and low glycemic index) on FBS and Lipid Profiles ...
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Background and purpose: Researchers have Recently Recommended high-fiber and low glycemic-index foods for glycemic control in diabetics and reduction of Lipid Profiles. This Study intended to investigate the effect of baked lentils ( as a highly consumed and low glycemic index) on FBS and Lipid Profiles in type II diabetics. Methods and materials: This cross-over clinical trial was conducted on 30 type II diabetic patients of 45- 60 years (divided randomly into two groups of 15) with FBS of 126-180 mg/dl. The control group was given the usual diet but the experimental group received 50 gr baked lentild 6gr canola oil instead of (30 gr) bread and 20 gr cheese (in the form of an isocaloric breakfast with similar amounts of macronutrients). For 6 weeks after a 3- week rest subjects in the two groups were interchanged. Diets were switched between the two groups and continued for another 6-week Period. At the beginning and end of each phase of the study biochemical and anthropometric measurements were recorded. Calculations of dietary components were done using Food Processor II and the data were analyzed using t-test in SPSS. Results: Fasting blood glucose of the patients decreased significantly from 152.6±11.4 mg/dl to 148.4±11.8 mg/dl (p
SM TAVANGAR; MB ARDESHIR LARIJANI; A MAHTA; V HAGHPANAH; A LASHKARI; R HESHMAT
Volume 13, Issue 2 , July and August 2006, , Pages 99-104
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Pituitary adenomas without clinically active hypertension are termed as non-functioning adenoma (NFPA). These tumors represent about one quarter of all pituitary tumors. Immunohistochemical methods are the gold standard methods of identifying them. The Ki-67 is a nuclear antigen ...
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Background and Purpose: Pituitary adenomas without clinically active hypertension are termed as non-functioning adenoma (NFPA). These tumors represent about one quarter of all pituitary tumors. Immunohistochemical methods are the gold standard methods of identifying them. The Ki-67 is a nuclear antigen detected by the monoclonal antibody MIB-1, whose labeling index (LI) is considered as a marker of normal and abnormal cell proliferation.
Methods and Materials: In this clinicopathological study, 85 cases of NFPAs were analyzed immunohistochemically.
Results: MIB-1 LI was measured in all surgical specimens, which was higher than 5% only in 5 cases. Also, 18 cases were immunoactive to one or two adenohypophysial hormones.
Conclusion: NFPAs comprise several pathologically different types of tumors, some of which are potentially hormone producing tumors. However, probable defects in hormone secretion may be the cause of not increasing the adenohypophysial hormone levels in the serum and consequent syndromes.
Akram Kooshki; Forogh Mortazavi; Arash Akaberi
Volume 16, Issue 2 , July and August 2009, , Pages 100-107
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Gestational hypertension is one of the factors leading to maternal hospitalization during pregnancy. Studies have so far focused on the role of gestational diet in the occurrence of preeclampsia. The present study is conducted to evaluate the relationship between gestational diet ...
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Background and Purpose: Gestational hypertension is one of the factors leading to maternal hospitalization during pregnancy. Studies have so far focused on the role of gestational diet in the occurrence of preeclampsia. The present study is conducted to evaluate the relationship between gestational diet and gestational hypertension. Methods and Materials: In a case-control study 100 pregnant women suffering from gestational hypertension disorders and 100 women with no history of hypertension during pregnancy and before that but being hospitalized in the same hospital after labor were compared. The sample size was calculated on the basis of the study objectives as well as =α0.05 and β=0.80. Data were collected through interview food frequency questionnaire and a 24-hour diet recall form. In order to analyze the data the consumed food substances were converted into gram scale and then the Food Processor software rendered the data on diet. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using chi-square and logistic regression model. Results: The participants’ mean age was 26.7±6 years. Calcium (p= 0.004) magnesium (p=0.037) phosphorus (p= 0.001) and potassium intakes (p= 0.007) were higher in cases than the controls. Having controlled all variables affecting hypertensive disorders the logistic regression revealed that fiber and calcium were significantly dominant in the development of gestational hypertension. Discussion: The results of the study showed that calcium and fiber played a more direct role in the development of gestational hypertension.
Somayyeh Tarihi; Ramtin Hadighi; MohammadJavad Namazi; Fatemeh Tabatabaee; AhmadReza Memar; Lame Akhlaghi; Afshin Davari
Volume 20, Issue 1 , March and April 2013, , Pages 101-108
Abstract
Background: Although all the advances of medical science has come to achieve, parasitic infections including intestinal parasites in many countries especially in developing countries, is a health problem; according to the annual fees paid by that the World Health Organization and governments to eliminate, ...
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Background: Although all the advances of medical science has come to achieve, parasitic infections including intestinal parasites in many countries especially in developing countries, is a health problem; according to the annual fees paid by that the World Health Organization and governments to eliminate, prevent and treat them, their existence is still visible. In this study the prevalence of intestinal parasite in mental disability community in Ardabil city will be studied. Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study with was design to detect the prevalence of intestinal parasites on the 216 cases of mental disability under the Social Welfare Organization in Ardabil city, with methods of direct smear, formalin ether concentration method and Modified ziehl-neelsen staining. Results: From 216 patients 95 samples (44%) were infected with at least one parasite including Blastocystis hominis 41 cases (19%), Entamoeba coli cyst 25 cases (11.6%), Giardia cyst 18 cases (8.3%), Trichuris trichura egg 2 cases (0.9%) and contemporary infection with two parasite Entamoeba coli / Blastocystis hominis cysts and Entamoeba coli / Iodamoeba butschili cysts 4 (1.9%) and 3 (1.4%) cases respectively. In 0.5% of cases we found Entamoeba coli cyst with 4 nuclei cysts.
Conclusion: According to the results, levels of intestinal parasitic infections in mental disability community in the Ardabil city in compare to other communities was higher that need to pay more attention of the authorities.
R VAZIRINEZHAD; GH.H HASANSHAHI; MA SAJADI; A JAFARZADEH; MR MIRZAEI; A TATI
Volume 14, Issue 2 , July and August 2007, , Pages 103-109
Abstract
Background and Purpose: The system and .the Endocrine system are, respectively, to defend the body against infection and to regulate physiologic activities of the body. Experimental as well as clinical evidence support the close interaction and bi-directional communication between the endocrine and immune ...
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Background and Purpose: The system and .the Endocrine system are, respectively, to defend the body against infection and to regulate physiologic activities of the body. Experimental as well as clinical evidence support the close interaction and bi-directional communication between the endocrine and immune systems. Some disorders in immune system were observed in experimental thyroid abnormalities. The aim of this study is to evaluate some immunological factors in hyperthyroid females.
Methods and Materials: In this descriptive study, blood samples were collected from 50 females with hyperthyroid disease and a control group consisting of 50 sex - and age - matched euthyroid subjects. Thyroid function was assessed according to measurent of T3, T4 and TSH levels. The following parameters were studied in both groups: total and differential white blood cell counts determined on stained-blood smear), serum concentration of immunoglobulins including: IgG, IgA, IgM (measured by SRID method) and IgE (quantitated by ELlSA technique), seropositivity rates of CRP (determined by latex agglutination method), C3 and C4 complement components measured by SRID method.
Results: The mean serum concentrations of IgG, IgA, IgM and IgE were 2312.4±584 mg/dl, 296±87 mg/dl, 118.±28 mg/dl and 301±264 IU/ml in hyperthyroid females and were 1539±974 mg/dl, 243± 116 mg/dl, 140.1±68.9 mg/dl and 109.8±115 IU/ml in euthyroid subjects, respectively. Statistical analyses showed that the mean serum levels of IgG, IgA and IgE were significantly higher in hyperthyroid group as compared to euthyroid group. The seropositive rate of CRP was 20% and 4% in hyperthyroid and euthyroid groups, respectively. The seropositive rate of CRP was also significantly higher in hyperthyroid group as compared to euthyroid group. However, IgM, C3 and C4 levels and white blood cell counts were similarly expressed in two groups.
Conclusion: The results indicate that some immunological alterations such as elevation of serum IgG, IgA and IgE levels and higher seropositive rate of CRP occur in hyperthyroid women.
Roya Peyravi Minayi; Mohammad Vahedian; Mehdi Jafarzadeh; Farkhondeh Amin Shokravi
Volume 18, Issue 2 , July and August 2011, , Pages 104-109
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Bread waste is consumed as a food in the livestock، and can cause considerable harm to human and animal beings if they are moldy. Since health volunteers can convey health knowledge to people in a simple and intelligible language، the present study was conducted to evaluate ...
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Background and Purpose: Bread waste is consumed as a food in the livestock، and can cause considerable harm to human and animal beings if they are moldy. Since health volunteers can convey health knowledge to people in a simple and intelligible language، the present study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge of health volunteers about the necessity of moldy bread separation from other bread waste and the effect of education on their knowledge in the Abkooh Sugar Factory of Mashhad.
Methods and Materials: In this interventional experimental study، 39 active health volunteers at the health center of Abkooh Sugar Factory of Mashhad، Iran participated and were recruited by non-probability convenient sampling، and were randomly assigned into the experimental group (n=21) and control group (n=18). Relevant data were collected through questionnaire and training was performed by providing a CD (educational video) for the experimental group. After a two-month training period، data were collected again. Data of before and after training were analyzed in SPSS 16 using paired t-test and mean± SD (p
Hossein Hasanabadi; Habibollah Esmaili; Mahin Tafazzoli; Eliyeh Abbasi
Volume 15, Issue 2 , July and August 2008, , Pages 104-109
Abstract
Background and purpose: Mental health of mothers during pregnancy has considerable effects on fetal growth and consequently on baby's future health. Therefore using various methods to enhance the mental health of mothers will have an important role in minimizing baby's and mother's problems. The present ...
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Background and purpose: Mental health of mothers during pregnancy has considerable effects on fetal growth and consequently on baby's future health. Therefore using various methods to enhance the mental health of mothers will have an important role in minimizing baby's and mother's problems. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of training maternal-fetal attachment on mother's mental health Methods and materials: This interventional study was conducted on 83 pregnant women selected through purposive sampling from among the population of pregnant women admitted to health centers and were divided randomly into case and control groups. Data collection instruments included interview checklist MFAS GHQ- 28. Cases received training on maternal-Fetal attachment behavior but controls received only the routine pregnancy care. Scores of mental health and maternal-Fetal attachment before and after training were compared across the two groups. Chi- squre Fisher's exact test Mann Whitney U and t-test were used for data analysis. Results: The results indicated that differences in the mean score of mental health before training across the two groups were not statistically significant (p=0.51). However the difference came up to be significant after training (p
SM TAVANGAR; MB ARDESHIR LARIJANI; AR SHOJAEE; H MAHMOUDZADEH; V HAGHPANAH; A SOLEYMANI; SO ABBASS
Volume 13, Issue 2 , July and August 2006, , Pages 105-107
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Spinal cord compression due to metastasis, as the initial presentation of follicular thyroid carcinoma, is quite uncommon. In this article, we report one case of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma which has led to the compression of the spinal cord.
The patient: The case we ...
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Background and Purpose: Spinal cord compression due to metastasis, as the initial presentation of follicular thyroid carcinoma, is quite uncommon. In this article, we report one case of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma which has led to the compression of the spinal cord.
The patient: The case we report here is a man of 53 years old, with increasing neck pain, paraplegia and urinary incontinence. Magnetic resonance imaging of the neck revealed a mass which had destructed C5 with extension to C6.
Conclusion: Histopathology examination demonstrated the metastasis of a well-differentiated follicular carcinoma of thyroid. Therefore, the metastatic lesion of the thyroid carcinoma should be considered in any case of spinal cord compression.
Hasan Ajdari Mehri; Hossein Khademi; Elaheh Erami; Mohammad Mohammadzadeh
Volume 21, Issue 1 , March and April 2015, , Pages 106-115
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Several systems of pain modulation in the central nervous system modulated the responses to painful stimuli in stressful and excitement situations. Stimulation of the hypothalamus induces analgesia through information relay to the brain stem including Rostral- Ventromedial medulla. ...
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Abstract
Background: Several systems of pain modulation in the central nervous system modulated the responses to painful stimuli in stressful and excitement situations. Stimulation of the hypothalamus induces analgesia through information relay to the brain stem including Rostral- Ventromedial medulla. The Rostral-Ventromedial medulla as output gate of the brain stem medulated pain through neurons in the dorsal horn.
This pain modulation in central nerous system in various psychological conditions was based on existing of different neural groups and the special connections between them. These neurons cause pain modulation. The functional relationship between activation of one group of them and increasing pain and activation of another group and reduction of pain has been observed. In this review, it is discussed about the role of different neural groups of rostral-ventromedial medulla in pain modulation.
Conclusion: The Rostral-Ventromedial medulla has a major role in modulating pain and higher centers of the brain by altering the activity of the special groups of neurons cause to induce inhibition or facilitate pain in different stress and emotional conditions.
Mostafa Rad; Mohammad Abbasi Tashnizi; Amir Namayandeh Jorabchi; Mohammad hasan Rakhshani
Volume 22, Issue 1 , March and April 2015, , Pages 106-113
Abstract
Background: Suturing, is the most common way to close wounds and non-absorable sutures must be removed. Suture removal is a painful process. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of ice bag on pain intensity from pulling sutures of the leg vein removal among patients undergoing cardiac ...
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Background: Suturing, is the most common way to close wounds and non-absorable sutures must be removed. Suture removal is a painful process. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of ice bag on pain intensity from pulling sutures of the leg vein removal among patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Methods: This single-blinded clinical trial, three groups before and after intervention, was conducted on 90 post cardiac surgery patients who had at least 20 cm incision in surgical site (leg vein removal) and hospitalysed in Imam Reza Hospital of Mashhad, Iran. In group 1, Ice bags were applied on surgical site for 10 minutes and in group 2 for 20 minutes before sutures removal. Participants in the control group did not receive any intervention. Pain intensity was measured by visual analog scale before and immediately after sutures removed. Data analysis was done by ANOVA, Paired T test, Chi-square and Fisher exact tests.
Results: There was no significant difference in pain intensity scores between three groups before sutures removal. Immediately after sutures removal, pain intensity score in group1 (2/53±0/93) and group2 (1/60±0/85) were significantly less than the control group (4/13±1/40).
Conclusion: Applying ice bag can be considerd as an effective, cheap and low risk intervention for decreasing pain associated with sutures removal.
Seyyed AliReza Hosseini Kakhk; Hadi Yarahmadi; MohammadReza Hamedinia; AmirHossein Haghighi
Volume 17, Issue 2 , July and August 2010, , Pages 108-115
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Appetite is one of the factors affecting the energy intake equation and has different control and regulatory levels. One of the probable factors affecting it is physical activity. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of moderate and heavy resistance exercise ...
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Background and Purpose: Appetite is one of the factors affecting the energy intake equation and has different control and regulatory levels. One of the probable factors affecting it is physical activity. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of moderate and heavy resistance exercise on appetite, glucose, glycerol and lactate of the serum in healthy men. Methods and Materials: In this experimental study, out of the university employees, 13 male volunteers were recruited for the study by their own written informed consent, and were assigned into three modes of control, moderate resistance exercise (with intensity of 70% of 1RM) and heavy resistance exercise (with intensity of 80% of 1RM) groups. The process consisted of 8 different movements arranged in 3 sets with 10 repetitions within 90 minutes. The participants' appetite parameter was recorded by appetite questionnaire before collecting blood samples. Data was analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS 13 at a significance level of P
Shaghayegh Rahmani; Sadegheh Ayati; Gholam Ali Maemoori; Reza Saeedi; Mahboobeh Gholami Robatsangi
Volume 16, Issue 2 , July and August 2009, , Pages 108-113
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Because of the uncontrolled prevalence of cesarean in Iran and its complications for mother and infant with further social and ethical consequences this study was conducted to compare the neonatal complications in newborns by cesarean and vaginal delivery. Methods and Materials: ...
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Background and Purpose: Because of the uncontrolled prevalence of cesarean in Iran and its complications for mother and infant with further social and ethical consequences this study was conducted to compare the neonatal complications in newborns by cesarean and vaginal delivery. Methods and Materials: This cross-sectional analytical deh1ive study was conducted on infants born at the maternity ward of Imamreza Hospital and Ghaem Hospital in Mashad Iran. The sample size with the confidence interval of 95% and test power of 80% was estimated to be 770 neonates. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS 11.5 using Student t-test Mann Whitney U and chi-square test. Results: Vaginal delivery was attempted by 344 women and 426 women underwent elective cesarean delivery. The two delivery procedures were significantly different (p=0.002) as for the occurrence of RDS which occurred in 31 cesarean cases (7.3%) and 12 vaginal cases (3.7%). Also in 14 cesarean cases (3.4%) and 24 vaginal cases (7%) asphyxia occurred. Transient tachypnea was observed to occur in 14 cesarean cases (3.3%) and 2 vaginal cases (0.6%) and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p=0.001). Hospitalization in NICU was prescribed for 28 cesarean cases (6.6%) and 33 vaginal cases (10.2%) and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p=0.001). Six cesarean cases (1.4%) and 48 vaginal cases (14%) experiences labor disorders and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p
SH NABIDEH; M ABERUMAND
Volume 13, Issue 3 , September and October 2006, , Pages 108-115
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Human serum a-mannosidase is important in glycoprotein and glycolipids processes for isolating the mannose link to protein and lipid. This is because glycoprotein and glycolipids are used in (nervous) cell membrane. Its deficiency causes psychiatric diseases. The present study ...
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Background and Purpose: Human serum a-mannosidase is important in glycoprotein and glycolipids processes for isolating the mannose link to protein and lipid. This is because glycoprotein and glycolipids are used in (nervous) cell membrane. Its deficiency causes psychiatric diseases. The present study was conducted to purify the human serum a-mannosidase in order to compare it with other human serum isoenzymes so that the results are used in future studies.
Methods and Materials: Human serum a-mannosidase was purified by gel filtration on sephadex G200 and affinity chromatography on Con-A CL seralose.
Results: a-mannosidase was purified 1384.6 times. The obtained molecular mass by gel filtration and electrophoresis (pH=8.3) were 354813 and 423790 Dal respectively. Carbohydrate amount was 10.6%. It was observed that the optimum pH and temperature for the enzyme were 4.2 and 40°c respectively. Respective Km value for a-mannosidase was 27.5 mM for p-nitrophenyl a-D-mannopyranoside. It was also discovered that Vmax was 101 unit per minute per mM of the enzyme substrate.
Conclusion: Purified a-mannosidase is different from other human serum isoenzymes due to its molecular mass and other enzymatic features.
Mohammad Vafaee; Seyyed Reza Mohebi; Seyyed Reza Fatemi; Mohsen Vahedi; Khatoon Karimi; Akram Safaei; Maral Arkani; MohammadReza Zali
Volume 19, Issue 2 , May and June 2012, , Pages 109-115
Abstract
Background: Insulin-like growth factor 1 has an important role in cell proliferation and growth. Polymorphism in IGF-1 gene changes the level of this hormone and increases the risk of colorectal cancer. The aim of this study is to assess the incidence of IGF-1 polymorphism rs5742612 in Iranian population ...
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Background: Insulin-like growth factor 1 has an important role in cell proliferation and growth. Polymorphism in IGF-1 gene changes the level of this hormone and increases the risk of colorectal cancer. The aim of this study is to assess the incidence of IGF-1 polymorphism rs5742612 in Iranian population and to investigate the influence of this polymorphism in increasing the risk of colorectal cancer. Methods: Genotyping of IGF-1 gene was performed in a series of 110 colorectal cancer patients and 110 controls by using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping (PCR-RFLP) assays. We calculated odds ratio and confidence interval (CI) of IGF-1 genotypes to determine if these polymorphisms are associated with colorectal cancer. Result: No significant association was found between polymorphism of IGF-1 gene (rs5742612) and increased risk of colorectal cancer (p=0.92). The odds ratio for the heterozygous genotype CT versus the normal genotype CC was 1.3 (95% CI: 0.3-6.27) and the odds ratio for the mutant genotype TT versus the normal genotype CC was 0.0. The frequency of the mutant allele was 2.5%. Conclusion: These findings suggest that IGF-1 rs5742612 polymorphism is not associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer.
Leila Amini; Zohreh Mahmoudi; Fatemeh Hosseini; Abolfazl Mahmoudi
Volume 20, Issue 1 , March and April 2013, , Pages 109-116
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of preterm birth (PTB) and premature
rapture of membranes (PROM) and their associations with maternal factors.
Material and methods: This cross sectional study was carried out at Akbar–Abadi hospital in Tehran
during January 2009–Aprile ...
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Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of preterm birth (PTB) and premature
rapture of membranes (PROM) and their associations with maternal factors.
Material and methods: This cross sectional study was carried out at Akbar–Abadi hospital in Tehran
during January 2009–Aprile 2010. Nine hundred and ninety primiparous women with gestational age more than 20 weeks and singleton pregnancy were enrolled in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS–16. P
Maryam Javanbakht; Hasan Abdollahzadeh; Fariba Abdollahzadeh
Volume 18, Issue 2 , July and August 2011, , Pages 110-117
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Due to the small number of studies on obsessive compulsive disorder and the existence of non-pharmaceutical treatments، it is possible to introduce the Metacognitive therapy as an alternative with long-term effects. The purpose of present study was to compare the effectiveness ...
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Background and Purpose: Due to the small number of studies on obsessive compulsive disorder and the existence of non-pharmaceutical treatments، it is possible to introduce the Metacognitive therapy as an alternative with long-term effects. The purpose of present study was to compare the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy versus pharmaceutical therapy on the patients with obsessions in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.
Methods and materials: This research is a quasi-experimental design with experimental and control groups. The participants were equally assigned into two groups with 8 members، metacognitive therapy (14 sessions) and pharmaceutical therapy (one month). Pretest and posttest were given to both groups: MCQ30، YBOCS، DASS21، BDI&II، STAY-T. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS 18 using t-test، chi-square and covariate analysis.
Results: The results showed a preference for metacognitive therapy in decreasing obsession intensity (P=0.006) with pretest mean of 50.13±2.07 and posttest mean of 10.25±2.81، negative variables of metacognition (P=0.001) with pretest mean of 15.00±2.72 and posttest mean of 11.75± 2.25. A significant relationship was observed between the general functioning and the pharmaceutical therapy (P=0.042) with pretest mean of 60.25±4.83 and posttest mean of61.75±5.28. However، no significant differences were observed between the two types of therapy as far as depression (0=0.09)، worry (p=0.07) and anxiety (p=0.2) are concerned.
Conclusion: The results indicated better results with metacognitive therapy in reducing the obsessions، stress and negative metacognitive beliefs. However، enhancing the overall functioning of the patients can be achieved with pharmaceutical therapy. There were no signification correlation between the two types of therapy for treating depression، worry and anxiety.
Narjes sadat Borghaee; MohammadReza Rabiee
Volume 15, Issue 2 , July and August 2008, , Pages 110-115
Abstract
Background and purpose: Preeclampsia is one of the hypertensive diseases of pregnancy with extraordinary significance in maternal and fetal health which is the most important maternal mortality cause in developing couutries (20% to 80%). Ethnicity is also one of the factors in preclampsia. Therefore ...
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Background and purpose: Preeclampsia is one of the hypertensive diseases of pregnancy with extraordinary significance in maternal and fetal health which is the most important maternal mortality cause in developing couutries (20% to 80%). Ethnicity is also one of the factors in preclampsia. Therefore due to the high prevalence of preeclampsia in Dezyani Center in Gorgan Iran (5.7%) and co-existence of various ethnic residents the present study was designed to determine the effect of ethnicity on the incidence of preeclampsia. Methods and materials: This case-control study involued the population of pregnant women admitted in Dezyani center Iran. Cases and controls were homogeneous as far as employment marital status spouse's job residential location gravidity and maternal age were concerred. Cases with preeclampsia symptoms were purposively selected. In total 500 subjects (250 cases and 250 controls) participated in the study. Questionnaires were filled out via interview and checklists were completed on the basis of laboratory tests of blood and urine. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using Chi-square t-test and Mann Whitney U test. Results: In cases of urinary infection probability of preeclampsia increased 1.77 times (CI=95% odds ratio=1.77) which did not relate to cases' ethnicity. However if urinary infection is excluded preeclampsia can be related to ethnicity. Conclusion: The results indicated that Turkmen and Sistani ethnic groups were predisposed to preeclampsia.
A KHANZADEH; R KHOSROU JERDI
Volume 14, Issue 2 , July and August 2007, , Pages 110-116
Abstract
Background and Purpose: The theory of Emotional Intelligence brings a new perspective on predicting factors influencing success as well as basic prevention of mental disorders. Evidences indicate that emotionally expert persons are distinctive in all areas. As students are prospective architects of the ...
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Background and Purpose: The theory of Emotional Intelligence brings a new perspective on predicting factors influencing success as well as basic prevention of mental disorders. Evidences indicate that emotionally expert persons are distinctive in all areas. As students are prospective architects of the society, this study was intended to evaluate the relationship between emotional intelligence and general health in university students.
Methods and Materials: This descriptive research involved the statistical population of male and female undergraduate students at Sabzevar Teacher Training University, enrolled for the second semester of 2003-2004. Through successive sampling, 230 students were selected as the study sample. A researcher-made demographic questionnaire, a general health questionnaire and Mayer's Emotional Intelligence questionnaire were used for data collection. The obtained were analyzed using Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Determination Coefficient, simple Regression, Multiple Regression by step-by-step method, Hest and multi-variate ANOVA.
Results: The correlation between emotional intelligence and general health came up to be- 0.68. In other words, emotional intelligence can predict 46% of changes in general health. ANOVA results indicated that emotional repair was the best predictor of general health. Also, it was revealed that female students were of higher emotional intelligence; accordingly, male students enjoyed a better general health than female students.
Conclusion: Emotional intelligence is one of the promoting factors of general health and as well as a preventive factor in mental disorders. Therefore, emotional intelligence instruction is suggested to promote general health.
Ali Shakerinejad; Mohammad Ali Yaghoubifar; Arash Akaberi
Volume 16, Issue 2 , July and August 2009, , Pages 114-120
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Sausage and salami undergo changes after production and packaging which can endanger the health of people. Therefore controlling these products is important because of their variety and ease of access. The aim of this study is to investigate the quality and safety of sausage and ...
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Background and Purpose: Sausage and salami undergo changes after production and packaging which can endanger the health of people. Therefore controlling these products is important because of their variety and ease of access. The aim of this study is to investigate the quality and safety of sausage and salami. Methods and Materials: This cross sectional deh1ive study involved the two products of sausage and salami as marketed in Sabzevar Iran in 2007. A total of 64 samples of the two products were provided from the market. After assessing items such as production permit and badge of standard their quality and organoleptic indexes such as color odor nitrite and fat were measured. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using chi-square and Fischer’s exact test in order to compare the quality of safety of the two products with standardized amounts. Results: All products had production permit and badge of standard and all had production and expiry date except 13% of them. All lacked salmonella and were kept in polymer packs and low temperatures. Their salt (except for one case) and organolpetic status including state color odor and taste were evaluated to be satisfactory. As for the quality laboratory tests showed the amount of fat to be 25% higher than the standard carbohydrate 50% ash 21.9% moisture 29.7% and nitrite 29.7% higher. Also protein was shown to be 15.6% lower than the standard. Conclusion: Despite the satisfactory level of safety quality results of some of the products were different from the acceptable amounts.
Mahmoud Vakili; Moslem Taheri Sodjani; Naser Hossein Sartibzadeh; Sajjad Rahimi Pardanjani; Najibollah Baeradeh; Samira Arjmandizadeh; Leila Ekrami
Volume 22, Issue 1 , March and April 2015, , Pages 114-122
Abstract
Background: Ischemic heart disease is the most important cause of mortality in many places around the world. Premature heart attacks at early ages are increasing, so identifying and controlling risk factors can be an effective step in public health promotion. This study aimed to investigate the factors ...
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Background: Ischemic heart disease is the most important cause of mortality in many places around the world. Premature heart attacks at early ages are increasing, so identifying and controlling risk factors can be an effective step in public health promotion. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting on this disease.
Methods: This is a case-control study conducted on 100 patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to the CCU and 100 patients hospitalized in other sectors (as a control) in Shahid Sadooghi hospital, Yazd,Iran . The control group was matched for age, sex and risk factors such as smoking, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, depression, stress, eating fast food, fruit and vegetable consumption, positive family history and salty food. Then items were examined. Statistical significant level was considered as 95%.
Results: The results showed that the crude odds ratio for some factors like smoking (OR=2.22 P=.007), greater stress (OR=3.35 P=.000), depression (OR=3.07 P=.001), high triglycerides (OR=1.86 P=.03), high cholesterol (OR= 3.3 P=.000), high LDL (OR=4.88 P=.000) and high HDL (OR=.041 P=.000) is statistically significant, but the adjusted odds ratio determined that only three factors such as depression (OR = 3.09 P.033), high LDL (OR=6.33 P=.004) and high HDL (OR=.021 P=.000 ) have major impact on acute myocardial infarction.
Conclusions: The results of this study indicated that some modifiable factors such as depression, high LDL and high HDL play a role in causing or preventing acute myocardial infarction. Therefore, controlling these factors can be crucial in controlling the disease.
Fahimeh Keyvanlou; Mohsen Koushan; Mohammad Seyedahmadi; Mostafa Mohammadi Raoof
Volume 17, Issue 2 , July and August 2010, , Pages 116-122
Abstract
Background and Purpose: According to the World Health Organization report, mental disorders are among the major causes of disabilities worldwide, which can decrease the success rate of educational progress in students and prevent their further achievements. Physicians believe that physical fitness is ...
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Background and Purpose: According to the World Health Organization report, mental disorders are among the major causes of disabilities worldwide, which can decrease the success rate of educational progress in students and prevent their further achievements. Physicians believe that physical fitness is a suitable field to access good mental status. This study intended to compare the mental health of athlete and non-athlete students. Methods and Materials: This cross-sectional study involved 74 university students who were randomly selected. The Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ 28) and Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire were used for data collection. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics (frequency, mean and standard deviation) as well as the independent t-test in SPSS. 13. Results: The total prevalence of mental disorders was 61.76%; but it was 9.4% among athlete students and 30.2 among non-athletes; the observed difference was significant (p