Gyneocology
Farinaz Haghayegh Khorasani; Maryam Zangeneh; Firoozeh Veisi; Maryam Hematti
Abstract
Background: Pregnant women and their fetuses are likely to represent a high‐risk population during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. The present study was designed aiming to evaluate the maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 with D-dimer levels.Materials ...
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Background: Pregnant women and their fetuses are likely to represent a high‐risk population during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. The present study was designed aiming to evaluate the maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 with D-dimer levels.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive analysis, blood samples were collected from patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID‐19 for evaluating D-dimer levels. The descriptive statistics are used to give more information using SPSS software.Results: The flowing mean scores were obtained: age (30.99±5.66 y), gravidity (1.89±0.92 %), parity (1.38±0.63 %), and gestational age (24.39±10.6 w). Of 106 eligible pregnant women, 28.3% were receptive in the first trimester, 28.3% in the second trimester, and 43.39% in the third trimester. Our study showed RT-PCR test and HRCT chest scan to be positive in 91.5% and 63.2% of cases, receptively, with clinical suspicion and symptoms. The most common maternal and fetal outcomes included cesarean section, abortion, preterm labor, meconium, pulmonary embolism, prelabor rupture of membranes, and hypertension. The mean level of D-dimer in patients was 852.14±915.08 mg/L. Reference ranges for D-dimers level increased in the trimester order. In pregnant COVID-19 patients, about 79.25% of cases were out of the conventional normal threshold of D-dimer values.Conclusion: The majority of complications were observed in the positive D-dimer levels. D-dimer level elevation continues to be a sign of poor prognosis in pregnant patients with COVID-19.
nutrition
Mansour Karajibani; Fatemeh Esmaili Ranjbar; Hadi Eslahi; Farzaneh Montazerifar; ali reza dashipour
Volume 29, Issue 3 , September and October 2022, , Pages 393-405
Abstract
Introduction: Preeclampsia and eclampsia are pregnancy specific syndromes. Vitamin D is one of the pathological factors of this syndrome. The aim of this study was to compare the serum levels of vitamin D in pregnant women with preeclampsia or eclampsia with healthy pregnant women.
Materials and Methods: ...
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Introduction: Preeclampsia and eclampsia are pregnancy specific syndromes. Vitamin D is one of the pathological factors of this syndrome. The aim of this study was to compare the serum levels of vitamin D in pregnant women with preeclampsia or eclampsia with healthy pregnant women.
Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study, 50 pregnant women with preeclampsia or eclampsia and 50 healthy individuals were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and after taking blood sampling, serum vitamin D levels were measured using a commercial kit and ELISA. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS: 20. P <0.05 was considered as significant difference.
Results: The mean serum vitamin D in pregnant women with preeclampsia or eclampsia was lower than the healthy group (P = 0.002). Also, 38% and 2% of pregnant women with preeclampsia or eclampsia and healthy had severe vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was more common in pregnant women over 30 years of age and BMI over 25, education less than a diploma, a housewife, and a gestational age of less than 34 weeks.
Conclusion: The results indicate that most pregnant women with preeclampsia and eclampsia syndrome are deficient in vitamin D, which affect in the development of preeclampsia or eclampsia. Therefore, timely screening and treatment of vitamin D deficiency can probably prevent preeclampsia or eclampsia and promote the quality of pregnancy.
dentistry
zahra baqani; samira basir shabestari; iman shirinbak; mehdi dolaty
Volume 29, Issue 2 , July and August 2022, , Pages 218-230
Abstract
Introduction: Oral health has a significant impact on the complications of pregnancy and raising the awareness of health Providers, can lead to the strengthening of preventive treatments and reduce the financial burden on society. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitude ...
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Introduction: Oral health has a significant impact on the complications of pregnancy and raising the awareness of health Providers, can lead to the strengthening of preventive treatments and reduce the financial burden on society. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of medical, midwifery and nursing students of Iran University of Medical Sciences about oral health during pregnancy.Materials and Methods: During this descriptive-analytical study, which is done by a standard questionnaire, the knowledge and concern of these students in the field of oral health in pregnant women have evaluated. The questionnaire consists of two parts: demographic characteristics of the samples and their personal opinion about oral health. Results: In this study, a total of 172 students (62 nursing, 24 midwiferies and 86 medical students) participated. The knowledge score among 17 questions was minimum zero, maximum 15 and average 6.85±6.96 No significant relationship was found between knowledge score, gender and field of study. Conclusion: The level of knowledge of medical and paramedical students in the field of oral health during pregnancy is low and it is necessary to improve this awareness.
Gyneocology
Hadis Sourinejad; Mitra Savabi Esfahani; Mohannad Javad Tarrahi; Elham Adib moghaddam
Volume 28, Issue 3 , May and June 2021, , Pages 359-371
Abstract
Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)is the most common endocrine disorder in women of childbearing age.There are many challenges regarding the quality of oocytes in these individuals.Therefore, this review study aimed to investigate the consequences and challenges associated with in vitro fertilization ...
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Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)is the most common endocrine disorder in women of childbearing age.There are many challenges regarding the quality of oocytes in these individuals.Therefore, this review study aimed to investigate the consequences and challenges associated with in vitro fertilization in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Materials and Methods: For related studies, the Persian SID and Magiran databases and Pubmed, Scopus, Elsevier, Weily online library, Sciences Web of Science databases and Google Scholar search engine were used for the period 1990–2019. To obtain all articles in Persian and English,the keywords of Polycystic ovarian syndrome, in vitro fertilization, Polycystic ovarian morphology, IVF outcome,Oocyte donation,Oocyte competence,Pregnancy,and their Persian equivalent are used separately or as possible combinations. From 450 articles, 17 were eligible and selected for this study.
Results: The results of various studies suggesting major challenges in this group of women including gonadotropins need and hormone-related changes, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), clinical pregnancy rates, pregnancy outcomes and the risk of miscarriage, the quality of oocytes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing in vitro fertilization and the issue of egg donation in this group of women. However, fetal loss, clinical pregnancy and live birth rates are no different from other women.
Conclusion: Due to concerns about pregnancy in women with PCOS, closer monitoring of these pregnancies is important, it also appears that the presence of PCOS in donors does not affect the rate of pregnancy or implantation and the number of embryos transferred in ovarian donation programs. As a result, women with PCOS should not be excluded from egg donation programs.
Epidemiology and Statistics
Monavar Afzal Aghai; Ehsan Musa Farkhani; Behnaz Beygi; Reza Eftekhari Gol; Vajihe Eslami; Hamid Reza Bahrami
Volume 28, Issue 1 , January and February 2021, , Pages 124-132
Abstract
Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia Has been raised due to high prevalence and adverse effects as one of the main problems of public health in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between maternal iron deficiency anemia and its effect on birth weight in a population covered ...
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Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia Has been raised due to high prevalence and adverse effects as one of the main problems of public health in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between maternal iron deficiency anemia and its effect on birth weight in a population covered by Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2018. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytic research, information on the birth of newborns was extracted from the Sina Electronic Health Record System. In this study, pregnant mothers were divided into two groups: anemia and non-anemia, 4 groups: moderate to severe, mild, normal and high hemoglobin, and 9 groups with 10 g/L interval from severe anemia to high hemoglobin. Data analysis was performed using statistical software STATA 14 and descriptive statistics, t test and logistic regression. The significance level in this study was considered 0.05. Results: Result of this study showed Low concentration of Hemoglobin was associated with higher odds of Low Birth Weight (OR:1.19 P:0.271) abnormal head circumference (OR:1.07 P:0.611) and abnormal hight (OR:1.10 P:0.587) When compared with normal hemoglobin. The risk of this factors across 9 pregnancy hemoglobin groups depended on severity of anemia. In this study high hemoglobin concentration was associated with an elevated risk of Low Birth Weight, abnormal head circumference and abnormal hight of neonate. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that high and Low maternal hemoglobin concentrations during pregnancy can have an adverse effect on neonatal weight and height.
Gyneocology
farzaneh rahimi; shadi goli
Volume 27, Issue 4 , November and December 2020, , Pages 522-531
Abstract
Introduction: Emerging infections have a great impact on the health of pregnant mothers and their fetuses. Due to the importance of contracting this virus during pregnancy and due to the emergence of this virus and the limited number of studies on the consequences of contracting this disease during pregnancy, ...
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Introduction: Emerging infections have a great impact on the health of pregnant mothers and their fetuses. Due to the importance of contracting this virus during pregnancy and due to the emergence of this virus and the limited number of studies on the consequences of contracting this disease during pregnancy, this review study aims to summarize the reported studies on covid-19 infection. Performed during pregnancy and childbirth.
Materials and Methods: In this study, a review of all studies conducted in English on covd-19 in pregnancy and childbirth from 2019 to March 2020, in the databases Scopus, Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct, Cochrane, and keywords covid-19, sars-cov-2, coronavirus-2019, 2019-ncov, pregnancy, delivery.
Results: In these studies, a total of 103 pregnant mothers with covid-19 and their maternal and neonatal outcome and the incidence of infants of mothers with covid-19 were studied. Most of the studies reported in different cities of China were. Pregnant mothers have been examined.
Conclusion: Based on the reported findings, vertical transmission of mother to fetus has not been reported so far and maternal and neonatal outcome have been reported in all well-studied studies, all samples of amniotic fluid, placenta, breast milk and vaginal discharge samples based on studies. COVID-19 was negative and no maternal deaths were reported at the time of this study. Currently, due to the lack of effective treatment and vaccines, the best way to deal with this disease is to avoid infection and prevent its spread through protective measures and personal hygiene.
Gyneocology
ashraf saber mashhad taraqi; Najmeh Tehranian; Somayeh Yousefi; Anoshrvan Kazemnejad
Volume 26, Issue 3 , September and October 2019, , Pages 337-343
Abstract
Background and Aims: one of the hormones that appears to play an important role in regulating body growth is ghrelin. This study aimed to determine the association between Maternal serum ghrelin level and neonatal anthropometric indicators at birth.Materials & Methods: In this cohort study, 35 eligible ...
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Background and Aims: one of the hormones that appears to play an important role in regulating body growth is ghrelin. This study aimed to determine the association between Maternal serum ghrelin level and neonatal anthropometric indicators at birth.Materials & Methods: In this cohort study, 35 eligible pregnant women in their first trimester that were allocated by Using Convenience sampling were divided and matched in terms of BMI before pregnancy into normal and higher than normal BMI groups A ( n=14) and B ( n=21). Serum ghrelin level was measured during 6-12 and 15-20 weeks of gestation using ELISA method.Results: Mean non-fasting serum gherlin level (first and second trimesters) had not significant deference between two groups (p1=0.93, p2=0.76, in first and second trimester, respectively). Also there is a ascending increase in mean serum ghrelin level with increasing gestational age from the first to the second trimesters in both groups but was not significant (pa=0.15, pb=0.24, in A and B group, respectively). No significant correlations were detected between non-fasting serum gherlin level (first and second trimesters) and neonatal anthropometric indicators.Conclusion: The lack of any direct relationship between Maternal serum ghrelin level and neonatal anthropometric indicators does not support the hypothesis that ghrelin has major role in foetal growth
Physical Education
parisa sedaghati; hasan daneshmandi; Mozhgan ashtari; abo taleb saremi
Volume 25, Issue 3 , July and August 2018, , Pages 279-286
Abstract
Background: The aim of this research was to study the effects of eight weeks aquatic gymnastics Training on the Intensity of Low Back Pain in primiparous women. Materials and Methods: This cohort study was carried out sampling primiparous women (n=62, age range: 28-35 year) in the second trimester of ...
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Background: The aim of this research was to study the effects of eight weeks aquatic gymnastics Training on the Intensity of Low Back Pain in primiparous women. Materials and Methods: This cohort study was carried out sampling primiparous women (n=62, age range: 28-35 year) in the second trimester of pregnancy were Purposefully selected and divided into two control (n=30) and experimental (n=32) groups. The experimental group performed a 8 week aquatic gymnastics Training both in water and land in the presence of the researcher, with the collaboration of aquatic gymnastics experts and under the supervision of a medical specialist at specialty hospital of Sarem (Tehran-Iran). The Qubeck low back pain standard questionnaire and Burg exercise intensity measurement scale were utilized to compare the results between the pre-/ post-test. The paired t-test and Covariance were used for analysis by SPSS V.19. Results :The results revealed that a 8 week aquatic gymnastics Training significantly relieved the low back pain and promoted the general health of the primiparous women during the second trimester of pregnancy (P=0.001). The back pain intensity was increased in control group (P=0/023). Conclusion: Based on findings of the present study, as aquatic gymnastics Training can eliminate the low back pain and promote the general health among the pregnants, it can be suggested as a non-aggressive method
Ameneh Mansouri; Mojgan Mirghafourvand; Sakineh Mohammad Alizadeh Charandabi; Farzaneh Khodabandeh
Abstract
Backgrounds Muscle cramp is a local, tangible, and involuntary spasm that usually involves the calf skeletal muscle; it is also one of the most common symptoms, particularly in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. The current study aimed at determining the prevalence of leg cramps in the 3rd trimester of ...
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Backgrounds Muscle cramp is a local, tangible, and involuntary spasm that usually involves the calf skeletal muscle; it is also one of the most common symptoms, particularly in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. The current study aimed at determining the prevalence of leg cramps in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy and its relationship with nutritional behavior and consumption of supplements.Methods & Materials The current cross sectional study was conducted on 439 pregnant females referred to Tabriz health care centers, Iran, from 2013 to 2014; the subjects were randomly selected from all pregnant females referred to the health care centers. Data were collected by a 4-part questionnaire including sociodemographic, obstetric characteristics, nutritional behavior of sub-health promotion lifestyle questionnaire (HPLP-2), and information about the features of leg cramps. Data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics including independent t, Pearson correlation, and Chi-square tests.Results According to the results of the current study, 57.9% of the participants developed leg cramps in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of the cramp numbers per week was 6.0±178.17, length of leg cramps 40.2±178.1 minutes, and severity of leg cramps 6.0±2.6. There was no significant correlation between the characteristics of leg cramps in pregnancy including number, length, severity, mean score of nutritional behavior, and consumption of supplements.Conclusion Leg cramp is a common side effect in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. It is the best to perform clinical trials to prevent and treat leg cramps during pregnancy.
Lida Moghaddam Banaem; Seyyedeh Samira Mokhlesi; Masoud Kimiagar; Minor Lamieyan; Leila Ghalekhandabi; Siamak Mohebbi
Volume 21, Issue 2 , May and June 2014, , Pages 217-225
Abstract
Introduction and Objective: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is one of the leading causes of preterm delivery and Potential adverse in prenatal. Given the importance of certain factors and lack of it's predisposing to this complication, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between PROM ...
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Introduction and Objective: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is one of the leading causes of preterm delivery and Potential adverse in prenatal. Given the importance of certain factors and lack of it's predisposing to this complication, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between PROM and the mother's blood lead level in first half of pregnancy.
Materials and Methods: This longitudinal study has done on 110 pregnant women at 14-20 weeks gestational age at clinics in teaching hospitals affiliated to Tehran University in the years 1389-1390.Obtainig blood samples to measure lead in enrollment and demographic and pregnancy questionnaire was completed. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 software and Corelation Spearman, χ2, Man-Whitney U, Linear regression tests and P
Fatemeh Nahidi; Roya Gholami
Volume 20, Issue 4 , January and February 2014, , Pages 479-486
Abstract
Background& Purpose: Preeclampsia is a significant threat to public health and the leading cause of maternal and fetal death and disability worldwide. Its incidence is between 5 to 12 percent in Iran, which has many causes.Husband’s occupation is one of these factors that has not been considered ...
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Background& Purpose: Preeclampsia is a significant threat to public health and the leading cause of maternal and fetal death and disability worldwide. Its incidence is between 5 to 12 percent in Iran, which has many causes.Husband’s occupation is one of these factors that has not been considered till now. This study was performed to determine the effect of husband’s occupation on preeclampsia in pregnant women in Tehran.
Materials & Methods: This is a retrospective study with a total case of 195 pregnant women (65 women with preeclampsia and 130 controls) admitted to selected hospitals in Tehran, 2011. Among the hospitals with higher number of deliveriesin the north, south, east, west and central of Tehran, 4 reference hospitals wereselected based onobjectiveand non-randomized methodand given referrals for prenatal care and delivery; every hospital was given a quota. Data collecting tools were questionnaire and checklist that were filled by interview with qualified women and their cases. Women were divided into worker, employee, unemployed and self employed groups. Confounding factors were controlledthrough randomizing. We used independent t test for quantitative variables and chi-square test for relationships between categorical variables. Odds ratio was used to show the statistics relationship between some variables and preeclampsia.All data analysiswas performed bySPSSversion 18.
Results: The results of this study showed that there is a statistically significant association between husband’s occupationand preeclampsia (P=0.01). In preeclamptic group, the worker husbands and in healthy group the self employed husbands were the most.
Conclusion: It seems that husband’s occupation is related to preeclampsia and the incidence of preeclampsia in worker’s family is more than families that are employee and self-employed.
NS KARIMAN; M ASL TOUGHIRI; A GHALEHEIHA; AA AKBARI; H ALAVI MAJD
Volume 15, Issue 1 , March and April 2008, , Pages 33-39
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Women are subject to postpartum depression in the childbearing age which is associated with aerious somplications for the mother infant and the family. Its cause is not known. Many studies have the effect of psychosocial factors in this regard but there is meager information on ...
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Background and Purpose: Women are subject to postpartum depression in the childbearing age which is associated with aerious somplications for the mother infant and the family. Its cause is not known. Many studies have the effect of psychosocial factors in this regard but there is meager information on the biological grounds. Recently anemia has been on the focus as causing depression. This study was conducted to determine the the relationship between anemia and postpartum depression.
Methods and Materials: This prospective descripe-anlytical study was conducted on the population of women admitted to the Fatemiyyeh Health Center affiliated to Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Iran in 2006. The study sample included 159 normal (non depressed confirmed by the Beck test) pregnant women who were selected by convenient non-probability methods. With a gestational age of 38-40 weeks they were divided into two groups of anemics and non-anemics by their hemoglubin levels (measured by Cyan Matt). They were homegenized as for the confounders. On the 7th and 28th days after labor their hemoglubin was measred again. On the 28th day they completed the Edinburgh Questionnaire. The relationship between their postpartum depression and anemia was assessed three times. Chi-square t-test Mann Whitney and the relative risk tests were used in SPSS to analyze the obatained data.
Results: 14.6% of the non-anemics and 38.6% of the anemics (measured on the 38-40 weeks) were found t obe depressed on the 28th day after delivery and anemia had increased the chances of postpartum depression by 1.8 times 14.8% of the non-anemics and 35.9% of the anemics (measured on the 7th day after labor) were depressed on the 28th day and anemia had increased the chances of postpartum depression by 1.7 times. Also 11.5% of the non-anemics and 46% of the anemics (measured on the 28th day after labor) were depressed after labor. Anemia had increased the chances of postpartum depression by 2.5 times.
Conclusion: It seems that anemia in the 38-40 weeks of gestation on the 7th and 28th days after labor can increase the likelihood of postpartum depression.
M FIROOZI; P SALARI; A SAHEBI
Volume 12, Issue 3 , September and October 2005, , Pages 34-40
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Pregnancy is a potentially stressful event which can lead to such complications as nausea, insomnia, preterm labor, preeclampsia and-so on. Due to the spectacular case of developing countries and insufficient information in this regard, the present study is conducted to determine ...
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Background and Purpose: Pregnancy is a potentially stressful event which can lead to such complications as nausea, insomnia, preterm labor, preeclampsia and-so on. Due to the spectacular case of developing countries and insufficient information in this regard, the present study is conducted to determine the stressors associated with pregnancy.
Methods and Materials: This study is a descriptive-analytical research. In order to develop an instrument for determining the stressors appropriate to the social and cultural status of Iranian community, a qualitative approach was adopted to do a semistructured interview with obstetricians and 30 pregnant women who varied in age, parity, education, etc. Content validity used for validation, and Cronbach alpha was calculated (0.75) for the reliability of the instrument. Relevant data were obtained in four categories including personal characteristics, fertility, stressors and social support through multistage sampling and structured interview with 165 qualified pregnant women who referred to private and governmental care centers in Mashad, Iran in 1377 (1998). Data analysis was dined in SPSS using factor analysis and chi-square with the confidence interval of 95 percent.
Results: 51 stressors associated with pregnancy were identified: (1) Health, (2) What people think of me, (3) Environmental matters, (4) Family-Personal Relationships, (5) Religious issues and (6) Financial Problems. The strongest stressor include giving birth to babies with major disease or disorder, labor pain, damage to mother’s health during pregnancy or labor, change in the Planning. 16.7% experienced server stress and 13.6% mild stress. Statistically significant relationships were found to exist between stress and mother’s education, satisfaction of marriage, gravidity, parity, satisfaction rate of pregnancy, social support and partner support (p
M BODAGHABADI
Volume 12, Issue 3 , September and October 2005, , Pages 41-46
Abstract
Background and purpose: Violence is a pattern of coercive behavior designed to exert power and control over a person in an intimate relationship through the use of intimidating, threatening, harmful or harassing behavior. This significant social hassle affects all female life particularly their pregnancy ...
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Background and purpose: Violence is a pattern of coercive behavior designed to exert power and control over a person in an intimate relationship through the use of intimidating, threatening, harmful or harassing behavior. This significant social hassle affects all female life particularly their pregnancy life, when its prevalence varies between 0.9% and 20%. On the other hand, due to the naturally stressful experience of pregnancy, its association with violent behaviors can have adverse effects on both mother and the baby. There have been reports of low birth weight cases, early labor and still births in such victims but no comprehensive study has been conducted in this regard. The purpose of this study has been to determine the pregnancy outcome in pregnant women who had been victims of physical violence by their spouses.
Methods and Materials: This cross-sectional descriptive analytical study was conducted on 587 pregnant women selected through convenient sampling. Data collection was done through observation and face-to-face interview. Content validity and simultaneous observation were used to determine the validity and reliability of the questionnaire and checklist, respectively.
Results: 14.5% of the subjects were under domestic violence during pregnancy. Also, in victims of domestic violence the third phase of labor was significantly longer (p