immunology & Biochemistry
Nafise Annabestani; Hamid Mollania; Nasrin Mollania
Volume 30, Issue 6 , January and February 2024, , Pages 768-784
Abstract
Introduction: Herbal medicine, which bears fewer adverse effects than chemical medications, is becoming more popular for the treatment of diabetes.Materials and Methods: After measuring the antioxidant properties, the inhibition pattern between the extracts and the pancreatic α-amylase enzyme was ...
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Introduction: Herbal medicine, which bears fewer adverse effects than chemical medications, is becoming more popular for the treatment of diabetes.Materials and Methods: After measuring the antioxidant properties, the inhibition pattern between the extracts and the pancreatic α-amylase enzyme was determined. Diabetic mice were treated with herbal extracts and acarbose. The blood biochemical factors were then measured. The best extract examined the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs).Results: The extracts of saffron and chamomile petals showed an inhibitory effect on the α-amylase enzyme with a competitive and mixed pattern, respectively. FBS had a significant decrease in all treatment groups, and only in the group treated with an ultrasound-assisted aqueous extract of saffron petals did insulin levels increase significantly. The ALT enzyme decreased significantly in the presence of saffron extract. The reduction of the AST factor is significant only in chamomile extract. The results showed that for optimal synthesis of silver nanoparticles, values of temperature, pH, time, and silver nitrate salt concentration were 55°C, pH = 10, 4 hours, and 1.2 mM, respectively.Conclusion: The plant extracts studies can efficiently lower the blood sugar levels, increase insulin production, and regulate liver enzymes in the blood. As a result, they have a good impact on diabetes treatment. These extracts outperform the chemical medication acarbose in terms of efficacy and have no negative effects on the liver. The saffron extract demonstrates the ability to synthesize Ag-NP, which is frequently employed in biomedical applications.
Physiology & Pharmacology
Fatemea Seyf; Seyed Ebrahim Hosseini
Volume 26, Issue 1 , March and April 2019, , Pages 46-51
Abstract
Background:Memory and learning are one of the most complex brain functions and a mechanism for encoding, storing and recalling learned information. Due to the prevalence of learning disabilities, especially in older adults, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of ...
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Background:Memory and learning are one of the most complex brain functions and a mechanism for encoding, storing and recalling learned information. Due to the prevalence of learning disabilities, especially in older adults, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of chamomile on avoidance memory levels in rats. Materials and Methods:In this experimental study, 48 adult male rats were divided into 6 groups: control, control 1 (treatment with normal saline) and control 2 (Shuttle Box) and three experimental groups receiving 200,100, and 400 mg/kg hydroalcoholic extract of chamomile by intraperitoneal injections. All of them were prescribed for 15 days. In this study, the Shuttle Box was used to measure memory and learning. The latency of entering and the time of remaining in a dark chamber of the Shuttle Box were recorded. The results were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey tests using the SPSS-22 software. Results:The significance level of data was considered as p≤0.05. The results showed that doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg chamomile extract significantly increased the latency of entering the dark chamber and also doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg chamomile extract significantly reduced the time of remaining in the dark chamber of the Shuttle Box in the remembering phase at the level of P≤0.001 compared to the control group. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that chamomile extract strengthens avoidance memory in rats. This effect is probably due to flavonoids, antioxidants and phytoestrogens.