Nursing
Ziba Raisi Dehkordi; Hadis Sourinejad; Elham Adib Moghaddam; Masoumeh Rahimi; Shahriyar Salehi Tali
Abstract
Background: Preparation for a crisis is necessary. The experiences of nursing and midwifery professors and students involved in the Covid-19 pandemic have helped us clarify and better prepare for future crises, particularly for biological crises. Therefore, the present research aimed to explore the views ...
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Background: Preparation for a crisis is necessary. The experiences of nursing and midwifery professors and students involved in the Covid-19 pandemic have helped us clarify and better prepare for future crises, particularly for biological crises. Therefore, the present research aimed to explore the views and experiences of nursing and midwifery instructors and students regarding in-hospital crisis management during the Covid-19 pandemic.Materials and Methods: In this qualitative study, data collection was done using semi-structured interviews with 14 nursing and midwifery instructors and students with experience in caring for coronavirus patients during the covid-19 pandemic; data analysis was conducted according to the conventional content analysis approach.Results: The analysis of the interviews was accompanied by 425 inference codes, which finally ended in 9 categories and 3 main categories after merging the repeated cases (integrated management, professional ethics and development of specialized knowledge).Conclusion: In order to prepare for biological crises such as the Covid-19 pandemic, the cooperation of various organizations is necessary for a more proper management of the situation. It is also necessary for health managers to recruit workers after assessing the severity of the crisis, and to help them develop their knowledge and skills with evidence-based training, while sticking to the principles of professional ethics, and paying special attention to maintaining and improving the mental health of the workers.
Educational
Mostafa Rad; mojtaba rad
Volume 27, Issue 4 , November and December 2020, , Pages 578-584
Abstract
Introduction: Anxiety affects learning. It causes of many physical, and psychological problems. No qualitative study was seen in this matter.Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explain the students' experiences about the test anxiety and the anxious factors associated to the teacher.
Materials ...
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Introduction: Anxiety affects learning. It causes of many physical, and psychological problems. No qualitative study was seen in this matter.Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explain the students' experiences about the test anxiety and the anxious factors associated to the teacher.
Materials and Methods: This was a qualitative content analysis study, which was conducted in 2016. Participants were 25 students from Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences who had at least two semesters of study and participated in the final exam. The sampling method was initially goal oriented. The data were collected using a semi-structured interview with a presence in the field. Data analysis was carried out using conventional content analysis.
Results: 5 main categories and 14 sub-categories explored that main categories including the consequences and complication of test anxiety, teacher's teaching and evaluation strategy, teacher - student interaction strategy, the supportive role of teacher at the exam session, and learning self-management and control of anxiety were extracted from the data.
Conclusion: Using methods such as relaxation and resorting, the more recognition of teachers, the use of young faculty members from the experience of skilful teachers, the use of new educational methods, identifying sufficient references and asking questions from the same references, teacher’s attending in test session from the first to the end of the exam, and distributing the grade score during the term, are of the factors that can reduce student anxiety.
Health Education
Mahnaz Solhi; Javad Yoosefi lebni; Sedighe Rastaghi; Bahar Khosravi; Esmaeil Fattahi
Volume 27, Issue 1 , May and June 2020, , Pages 113-120
Abstract
Introduction: Social capital is one of the variables influencing the economic, social and health development of society. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the social among Iranian university students. Materials and MethodsThis study is a cross-sectional study. The statistical population ...
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Introduction: Social capital is one of the variables influencing the economic, social and health development of society. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the social among Iranian university students. Materials and MethodsThis study is a cross-sectional study. The statistical population of this research includes all students of Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2017. 367 people were selected randomly using the Cochran sampling formula. In order to collect the data, the Delaouiz Social Capital Questionnaire (2005) was used along with a number of underlying variables. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were used for face validity and Cronbach's alpha, respectively. Also, for analyzing the data, spss17, and one-way ANOVA, t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used.Results: Social capital in this research with an average of 91/54 was moderate. The results showed that the students had the lowest level of in the dimension trust (10.97) and in the group's participation with the average (17.47) had the highest social capital. Also, there was no significant relationship between age, college, sex and marital status with social capital. But the variables of employment status, educational level, and residence status had a significant relationship with social capital.Conclusion: Social capital can affect the mental and social health of students as well as their level of scientific and social progress. Therefore, attention to the social capital of students and its promotion should be one of the main goals of the authorities of the university and society.
Psychology
Khadijeh Fouladvand
Volume 26, Issue 6 , March and April 2020, , Pages 727-737
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Although studies have examined the relationship between depression and self-efficacy with decision making, but the role of these factors has not been considered in choosing the type of decision making style. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the role ...
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Background and Objectives: Although studies have examined the relationship between depression and self-efficacy with decision making, but the role of these factors has not been considered in choosing the type of decision making style. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the role of depression and self-efficacy in predicting the decision making styles among adolescents.Materials and Methods: This research was a type of correlation. The statistical population of the study consisted of every high schools students in Lorestan province, Iran. 300 adolescents [155 boys, 145 girls] were selected through multiple cluster sampling method. The data were collected through Scott and Bruce decision making styles questionnaire (DMSQ), Kovacs and Beck children's depression inventory (CDI) and Muris self-efficacy questionnaire-children (SEQ-S). The obtained data were analyzed through Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. Results: The results of regression analysis indicated that the components of the depression and self-efficacy significantly predicted 32.5%, 29.9%, 3.5%, 17.2% and 9.5% of the variance of rational, intuitive, dependent, avoidance and spontaneous, respectively (p
Psychology
azam abdali; mohsen golmohammadin; alireza rashidi
Volume 25, Issue 4 , September and October 2018, , Pages 573-580
Abstract
Background Among the problems of students who have an unpleasant effect on their academic performance is the test anxiety and lack of academic buoyancy. The purpose of present study was investigation the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on test anxiety and academic buoyancy of female ...
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Background Among the problems of students who have an unpleasant effect on their academic performance is the test anxiety and lack of academic buoyancy. The purpose of present study was investigation the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on test anxiety and academic buoyancy of female students. Material & Methods The research type was semi experimental with design with pre-test and follow-up design 30 female students were chosen randomly and assigned into tow control and experimental. Experimental group received 8 sessions Intervention based on acceptance and commitment 2 times weekly. Instrument was Sarason test anxiety (1984) and academic buoyancy Hosin chari (2012) questionnaire. The multivariate analysis of covariance was used to data analysis. Results. Findings showed that effect size in test anxiety variable was (post-test=.93, follow-up =.83) and in academic buoyancy was (posttest =.64, follow-up =.61) (p≥.001). Conclusion in according to results There is significant difference in test anxiety and academic buoyancy between experimental and control groups in post-test and follow-up stage. In whole The results indicated the role and importance of acceptance and commitment in promoting test anxiety and academic buoyancy in students.
Epidemiology and Statistics
mahnaz tarkhasi; somayeh tazari; Sahar Eghbali; ali hosseinzadeh; Sedighe Rastaghi; HASSAN naemi
Volume 25, Issue 3 , July and August 2018, , Pages 287-296
Abstract
Target: Head lice infestation is worldwide and it is considered as an important health issue not only in deprived societies but also in developed countries societies as well. The object of this project is to investigate head lice prevalence in primary schools in Sabzevar city.Research Method: This study ...
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Target: Head lice infestation is worldwide and it is considered as an important health issue not only in deprived societies but also in developed countries societies as well. The object of this project is to investigate head lice prevalence in primary schools in Sabzevar city.Research Method: This study was of type descriptive and in form of sectional studies which was done in 2015-2016. The Target population was entity of primary school students and sample was 1200 people population. Sampling was of simple-random kind and checklist were used for data collection. Then Data was registered (recorded) in SPSS V 19 software. analysis of data was done according to chi-square test description.Results: The number of studied students was 1200, 30.9% were boys and 69.1% were girls. The highest prevalence of head lice infestations was in cases where their fathers were free (81.5%), and their literacy level (65.66%). There was no correlation between the type of residential home and contamination of the research samples (P = 0.71). There was no relation between the students' bases (P = 0.32), the existence of a health educator (P = 0.9) and father's occupation with head lice infection (P = 0.54). Result: Head lice infestation (Pediculosis capitis) is still a crucial health issue worldwide. It is recommendable that proper information is provided to primary schools teachers so that appropriate utilization of their capabilities in students’ instruction, screening & treatment (Therapy) is made possible.
Maliheh Dalili
Volume 25, Issue 3 , July and August 2018, , Pages 429-440
Abstract
جهت همگام شدن با تحولات ایجاد شده در امر آموزش و گذار از یادگیری سنتی به سمت یادگیری الکترونیکی، پژوهش حاضر به بررسی یکی از زیر ساختهای مورد نیاز یعنی آمادگی فراگیران ...
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جهت همگام شدن با تحولات ایجاد شده در امر آموزش و گذار از یادگیری سنتی به سمت یادگیری الکترونیکی، پژوهش حاضر به بررسی یکی از زیر ساختهای مورد نیاز یعنی آمادگی فراگیران جهت پیاده سازی و اجرای موفقیت آمیز نظام یادگیری الکترونیکی در دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار می پردازد. پژوهش حاضر از نوع توصیفی-پیمایشی بود که برروی 218 نفر از دانشجویان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار که در نیمسال اول تحصیلی 93-94 مشغول به تحصیل بودند، انجام گرفت، روش نمونهگیری به صورت تصادفی طبقه ای بود. میزان آمادگی برای یادگیری الکترونیکی با استفاده از پرسشنامه استاندارد آمادگی یادگیری الکترونیکی که روایی آن توسط تعدادی از متخصصان تایید شده و پایایی پرسشنامه نیز توسط آلفای کرونباخ بدست آمده() مناسب تشخیص داده شدنتایج نشان داد که بین دانشجویان رشتههای مختلف و آمادگی یادگیری الکترونیکی آنان تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد.تجزیه و تحلیل یافته ها نشان داد که دانشجویان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار جهت شرکت در دورههای یادگیری الکترونیکی از عدم آمادگی برخوردارند. لذا توصیه می گردد با فراهم آوری زیرساخت های مورد نیاز و برگزاری دوره های آموزشی و تاکید بر اهمیت یادگیری الکترونیکی در عصر حاضر در جهت ارتقای آمادگی آن گام برداشت.
Fatemeh Bahrami; Mohammad Amiri; Zahra Abdollahi
Volume 24, Issue 4 , July and August 2017, , Pages 217-223
Abstract
Background and Objective: Attending University is not always pleasant for all the students and students can sometimes encounter with challenges leading them to uninterested, fatigue, and ineffectiveness feeling. Uninterested, fatigue, and ineffectiveness feeling are of academic burnout dimensions have ...
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Background and Objective: Attending University is not always pleasant for all the students and students can sometimes encounter with challenges leading them to uninterested, fatigue, and ineffectiveness feeling. Uninterested, fatigue, and ineffectiveness feeling are of academic burnout dimensions have attracted many researchers' interest in recent decades. Bearing this mind, the present research aims at identifying the relationship of perception of learning environment and academic burnout with academic resilience mediating among the students of Hakim Sabzevari University.Materials and Methods: The present study is cross-sectional (modeling of structural relationships). The population encompasses all the educational sciences students of Hakim Sabzevari University; 170 of which are randomly selected as the sample. The instruments are three questionnaires, Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure questionnaire, Samuel's Academic Resilience questionnaire, and Breso Academic Burnout questionnaire. The collected data are analyzed by SPSS and AMOS.Findings: The findings of the study demonstrated that perception of learning environment had a significant effect on academic burnout (-0.33) and academic resilience (0.51). And academic resilience had a significant effect on academic burnout (-0.55). Beside the direct effects, the indirect effect of perception of learning environment on academic burnout via academic resilience was significant (-0.28). Also according to the model fit indices, goodness of fit index (0/93), Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (0/07), normative fit index (0/90) the proposed model was a good fit. Conclusion: Not only perception of learning environment directly influences on academic burnout, but it also indirectly influences it through academic resilience.
Azam Borabadi; Mahdi Motakeffar; Houman Kamranian; Rahim Akrami
Volume 23, Issue 4 , September and October 2016, , Pages 560-569
Abstract
Objectives Mental health is the most important factor in nurturing and developing students' potentialities. This study has tried to examine health mental and related factors in newcomer students of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. Methods This is a descriptive-analytical research performed on ...
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Objectives Mental health is the most important factor in nurturing and developing students' potentialities. This study has tried to examine health mental and related factors in newcomer students of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. Methods This is a descriptive-analytical research performed on 364 students of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences in the academic year of 2012-2013. Health mental Questionnaire (GHQ) was used to gather information and the data were analyzed by software STATA 11. The questions in this study were stated in the form of null hypothesis to be analyzed at the 0.05 level of significance. T-test and ANOVA were used to compare the means.Results The overall prevalence of mental disorders was found to be 11.26% (41 students). The study indicates that, of all disorders assessed, social dysfunction disorder was the most common (prevalence of 32%; 120 individuals), while depressive disorder was of the least prevalent (%2.208; 8 individuals). The maximum prevalence of disorder in female, single, non-local and undergraduate students was respectively 12.75% (32 individuals), 12.62% (33 individuals), 11.97% (31 individuals) and %12.46 (38 individuals). Comparing of the fields of education, the student in clinical laboratory science had better mental health (17.4%) than the ones in other majors.Conclusion Regarding to the obtained results, at the beginning of study, symptoms related to social conflict in students were more common than other symptoms. Confirming the existence of mental disorders in students require more psychological investigation and assessment of students. Thus, providing counseling and psychological services based on the findings are recommended.
Somayyeh Zamiri; Sakineh Azizi; Aghdas Shakeri; Zahra HasanDoost; Mozhdeh Mohammaddost; Hamideh Yosefi; Alireza Moslem; Arash Akaberi
Volume 23, Issue 2 , March and April 2016, , Pages 196-203
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Spiritual intelligence represents a different set of skills and abilities that each of them is displayed in different forms in social and historical contexts; and self-efficacy is one's belief in own abilities to solve problems and deal with problems. The purpose of this ...
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Background & Objectives: Spiritual intelligence represents a different set of skills and abilities that each of them is displayed in different forms in social and historical contexts; and self-efficacy is one's belief in own abilities to solve problems and deal with problems. The purpose of this study was to determine if spiritual intelligence can predict self-efficacy. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was carried out among students of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences in the year 2012. 129 individuals were selected via Stratified sampling method. Individuals were assessed by spiritual intelligence questionnaire and Self Efficacy Scale (SES). Data was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient, t-student test and linear multiple regression (stepwise), by SPSS 20 software. The p-value was considered 0.05. Results: Results show that the correlation between spiritual intelligence and self-efficacy was statistically significant (r=0.612, p-value<0.001). In predicting self-efficacy by spiritual intelligence and adjusting other variables effect such as gender, age, habitat, university grade point average by multiple regression tests (stepwise), the results determine that spiritual intelligence can significantly predict self-efficacy score. Conclusion: The conclusion of the study is that spiritual intelligence is prolific in predicting self-efficacy. So, you can promote students' spiritual intelligence skills, to increase their self-efficacy in academic, social and family affairs.
Shahram Mohammadkhani; Hasan Rezaee Jamaloee
Volume 23, Issue 2 , March and April 2016, , Pages 262-280
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Considering the prevalence of cigarette and hookah smoking among adolescents and the need to identify the components and dimensions of such behaviors, this study was conducted to determine the predictors of smoking cigarette and hookah among students due to designing appropriate ...
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Background & Objectives: Considering the prevalence of cigarette and hookah smoking among adolescents and the need to identify the components and dimensions of such behaviors, this study was conducted to determine the predictors of smoking cigarette and hookah among students due to designing appropriate and effective interventions. Materials and Methods: Using a cluster random sampling method, 201 male students were selected from highschool in Najaf Abad city, Isfahan. The selected students were evaluated by the revised risk and protective factors of drug use questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analyses. Results: The results of correlation coefficient showed that there was significant positive correlation between cigarette smokings in the lifetime and all 12 components risk profile. Also, drug use and hookah smoking in the lifetime were related with hopelessness, social skills, sensation seeking, parental attitudes to drug use, monitoring, family and sense of commitment to school. The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that components of attitudes to drug use, parental attitudes to drug use and impulsivity predictive variance explain the 55 percent of cigarette smoking. Also, attitudes toward drug use and sensation seeking pridicted 19 percent of variance of the hookah smoking, and attitudes toward drug use, social skills, family conflict and parental attitudes to drug use pridicted 17 percent of variance of tend to cigarette smoking and, finally, attitudes toward drug use, family monitoring and chaotic social environment pridicted 19 percent of variance of tend to hookah smoking. Conclusion: According to the results, one can say that the prevalence of hookah and cigarette smoking in adolescents are increasing and the starting age is decreasing. The hookah and cigarette smoking by adolescents is a multi-factor and multi-level phenomenon, and the major factors for their determining exist at multiple levels of individual, social and family, which should be considered for intervention, prevention, an control of cigarette and hookah.
Zahra Dashti; Tahereh Ramezani; Shahram Arsang; Siamak Mohebi
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, , Pages 334-341
Abstract
Objective and background: Puberty problems and the ways dealing with them are very important and girls’ health status in puberty is even more vital. Therefore, besides passing this sensitive puberty period, they have a special condition in terms of their expected role related to their gender in society. ...
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Objective and background: Puberty problems and the ways dealing with them are very important and girls’ health status in puberty is even more vital. Therefore, besides passing this sensitive puberty period, they have a special condition in terms of their expected role related to their gender in society. So the role of this group has always been considered by researchers. This study aimed to determine general health status of female students during their puberty period and its relevant factors in Qom in 2012.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was conducted among female guidance school students in Qom in 2012. Study sample consisted of 191 girls who were chosen according to multistage cluster sampling methods from Qom girls’ schools. The study data was collected by means of Demographic questionnaire and GHQ-28 standard questionnaire. Eventually the data was analyzed by SPSS software in lower than 0.05 significance according to descriptive and analytic tests including Chi-2 and Fisher's exact test.
Results: In this study 69.9% of the students were junior students and 30.4%were in the second year (middle year) of guidance school. 31.4% of these students’ mothers had high school degrees and 8.9% of them were illiterate. 41.6% of the fathers had university degrees and 2.1% were illiterate. 85.9% of the mothers were housewives and 13.1% were employed. Students’ General Health Status mean and standard deviation were 26.87±14.72 respectively. The results demonstrated that 48.2% of students had a normal health status, 31.4% had a minor inconvenience, 18.3% had an average inconvenience, and 2.1% had a serious inconvenience.
Conclusion: Eventually the current study demonstrated that according to General Health ranking, the health grades of studied students were in minor inconvenience range and unfortunately the studied students were not in normal general health status.
Seyyed Mehdi Hosseini; Hekmatollah Hemat Fard; Parvaneh Esfahani; Iman Moradpour
Volume 22, Issue 2 , May and June 2015, , Pages 481-489
Abstract
Background and Aim: Nowadays a large population in the world use internet. Unfortunately, despite many advantages and its positive changes in communication, Internet is condemned to have dangerous side effects, like Internet addiction that can be the most destructive one. Comparing with average users, ...
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Background and Aim: Nowadays a large population in the world use internet. Unfortunately, despite many advantages and its positive changes in communication, Internet is condemned to have dangerous side effects, like Internet addiction that can be the most destructive one. Comparing with average users, addicted users' public health are in great danger. The aim of this study is to survey the status of Internet addiction among [Payame Noor University] students and its relationship with their mental health.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study assessed 120 students of [Payame Noor University] by means of two questionnaires: the Mental Health Questionnaire (SCL-25) and addiction internet (IAT). The obtained data were analyzed by using statistical Pierson tests, linear Regression and T test and p
Roya Akbarzadeh; Akram Koshki; Mohammad Rivandi
Volume 21, Issue 4 , September and October 2014, , Pages 522-528
Abstract
Background: having appropriate nutrition can affect the quality and quantity of adolescent students’ growth; therefore this study was conducted to assess the nutritional status and its relationship to the educational achievement among adolescent students.
Methods: This cross sectional study was carried ...
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Background: having appropriate nutrition can affect the quality and quantity of adolescent students’ growth; therefore this study was conducted to assess the nutritional status and its relationship to the educational achievement among adolescent students.
Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out on 800 adolescent students who were in a range age of 14-18 years in Sabzevar, Iran. Multi-stage random sampling was used .in order to this, after receiving permission from Sabzevar Education Office ,subjects were randomly selected from the first to fourth grade girlish and boyish high schools of city and then, demographic checklist, academic information and food frequency questionnaire were completed by students. Also, their weight and height were measured using standard methods. The quantity of food mentioned in food frequency questionnaire was converted to gram through the domestic index guideline. Next, every food was coded biased on Nutritionist IV instructions and analysis was performed via descriptive statistics, frequency and the correlation coefficient and one sample t-test by means of SPSS 16 software in a significant level of P
Somayyeh Zamiri Nejad; Maryam Piltan; Maryam Hagh shenas; Yaser Tabaraee; Arash Akaberi
Volume 20, Issue 5 , March and April 2014, , Pages 773-781
Abstract
Introduction: People can direct their lives and activities into deeper, richer and more meaningful way using spiritual intelligence. Utilization of spiritual patterns in everyday life leads to an enhanced compatibility and evolution of well-being. The purpose of this study is to determine if spiritual ...
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Introduction: People can direct their lives and activities into deeper, richer and more meaningful way using spiritual intelligence. Utilization of spiritual patterns in everyday life leads to an enhanced compatibility and evolution of well-being. The purpose of this study is to determine if spiritual intelligence can predict happiness.
Methodology: This cross-sectional analytical study was carried out among students of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences in the year 1391. 129 individuals were selected via Stratified sampling method. Individuals were assessed by spiritual intelligence questionnaire and Oxford Happiness Inventory (OHI) whereas statistical data was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient, t-student test and linear multiple regression (stepwise), by SPSS 20 software. The p-value was considered 0.05.
Results: Correlation coefficient between spiritual intelligence and happiness was r=0.505 (p-value
Hadi Yarahmadi; AmirHossein Haghighi; Mohammadreza Hamedinai; Mehdi Zaree
Volume 19, Issue 4 , January and February 2013, , Pages 371-381
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to Survey of relationship physical activity level and sedentary behaviors with diet patterns among 12-14 year-old adolescent boys in Sabzevar. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 650 boy students aged 12-14 years in Sabzevar that were ...
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Background: The aim of this study was to Survey of relationship physical activity level and sedentary behaviors with diet patterns among 12-14 year-old adolescent boys in Sabzevar. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 650 boy students aged 12-14 years in Sabzevar that were selected via classified random Sampling. Physical activity levels were assessed by the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C). Energy intake and Macronutrient were assessed by means of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Sedentary behaviors of subjects assessed by means of a made-researcher questionnaire by researcher. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 13 software using Spearman and Pearson's correlation coefficient and ANOVA test. Result: There was no significant correlation between physical activity level and energy intake and macronutrient. In total subjects there was no significant difference in the reported energy intake and macronutrient between physical activity levels. But, in 12 year-old subjects, energy intake, Total fat, Protein and Carbohydrates in low physical activity level subjects were significantly higher than moderate physical activity level subjects. There was significant positive correlation between physical activity level and Number of breakfast Consumption per week. There was no statistically significant correlation between the reported Energy intake and Macronutrient with sedentary behaviors. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the reported Energy intake and Macronutrient between physical activity levels among 12-14 year-old students. But, energy intake and macronutrient in low physical activity level subjects were somewhat higher than active subjects. Therefore, the results suggest that nutrition education regarding balanced diet and optimum physical activity is required for children's health and growth.
M KOUSHAN; A HEYDARI
Volume 13, Issue 4 , January and February 2007, , Pages 185-189
Abstract
Background and Purpose: The quality and quantity of learning are influenced by such factors as IQ, mental and physical health, motivation, environmental facilities, educational aids and technology and cognitive capabilities; however, psychologists have observed that, at least for university students, ...
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Background and Purpose: The quality and quantity of learning are influenced by such factors as IQ, mental and physical health, motivation, environmental facilities, educational aids and technology and cognitive capabilities; however, psychologists have observed that, at least for university students, what affects educational performance for the most part are general study skills, learning and recall. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the students, study habits and to diagnose possible deficits in their skills.
Methods and Materials: The present study is a cross- sectional descriptive research. 297 students were selected through converient non- probability sampling, out of the whole study population of students studying in Sabzevar school of Medical Sciences in Sabzevar, Iran in 2004 (1383). PSSHI inventory of study skills was used for data collection. The inventory contains 45 questions in eight areas divided in to time allotment, physical conditions of studying reading ability, note taking, learning motivation, memory, examinations and health. The likert- type responses were "always or often, "sometimes", "Rarely or never". Test- retest and split- half methods rendered the reliability of the questionnaire as 0.88 and 0.65 respectively. Descriptive statistics in spss were used for data analysis.
Results: Mean study habit in male and female students were 50.87 and 51.48, respectively, out of 90, with no significant difference. Results for eight respective areas were as follows: time allotment 5.36 (out of 10), physical conditions 6.9 (out of 12), reading ability 8.29, (out of 16), note taking 3.2 (out of 6), learning motivation 8.55 (out of 12), memory 4.6 (out of 8), examinations 10.26 (out of18), and general health 2.94 (out of 6). Significant differences were observed across gender in reading ability, learning motivation and examinations.
Conclusion: University students do not have high quality study skills and this problem should be attended by the university officials in charge of students, education. It is necessary to plan for the improvement of their study habits.