Physical Education
Hossein Samadi; Mohammad Seyedahmadi; Mohammadreza Sadeghian shahi; Jalil Moradi
Abstract
Background: The use of anabolic steroids is increasing in athletes due to body beauty and performance enhancement and is one of the major public health problems. The aim of study was to compare the characteristics of five major personality factors in male bodybuilding and fitness athletes with and without ...
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Background: The use of anabolic steroids is increasing in athletes due to body beauty and performance enhancement and is one of the major public health problems. The aim of study was to compare the characteristics of five major personality factors in male bodybuilding and fitness athletes with and without the use of anabolic-androgenic steroids.Materials and Methods: The research was practical in terms of purpose and in terms of strategy, it is a descriptive causal-comparative description. The statistical population of the present study included all male bodybuilding and fitness athletes in Yazd province. 105 athletes (50 with a history of use and 55 with no history of steroid use) with an age range of 18 to 48 years and at least two years of sports experience were selected as availabe. The instrument used was the personality questionnaire NEO-FFI. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and independent t-test were used for statistical analysis.Results: The results showed athletes who use steroids have a higher score in the dimension of neuroticism and a lower score in the dimensions of extraversion, openness, adaptation and conscientiousness score than athletes who didnot use steroids. The results showed significant differences in the components of neuroticism (P=0/013), extraversion (P=0/02), adaptation (P=0/04) and conscientiousness (P=0/01). however, the difference between the components of openness to experience was not significant (P=0/26).Conclusion: The results showed that there is a significant difference between bodybuilding and fitness athletes with and without the use of anabolic steroids in the personality dimensions of neuroticism, extroversion, adaptability and conscientiousness.
Behzad Baradaran; Behroz Baghaee; Bakhtiyar Tartibiyan
Volume 19, Issue 4 , January and February 2013, , Pages 345-353
Abstract
Background: The prior research was indicate relationship between inflammatory enzyme and total antioxidant status, and how effect of gender on this relation have been inconsistencies, so aim of this research evaluate the effect of gender differences on relationship between total antioxidant status and ...
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Background: The prior research was indicate relationship between inflammatory enzyme and total antioxidant status, and how effect of gender on this relation have been inconsistencies, so aim of this research evaluate the effect of gender differences on relationship between total antioxidant status and inflammatory enzyme fallowing to intensive aerobic exercise in young athletes individual. Materials and Method: this research was a semi-experimental method with repeated measures and athletic individual made of statistical population, from among the statistical population, 15 volunteer girls and 15 volunteer boys of urmia city participated in the research after having expressed their consent through a consent form. The subject performed intensive aerobic exercise test (speed: 12 km/h, gradient: 5%, time: 20 minute) and blood sample was collected in three stage, before, immediately and 3 h after the exercise (recovery) for measurement of Total antioxidant status (TAS), creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and lactate dehidrogenase (LDH) levels, then blood sample was analyze by eutoanalizor. Research's data was analyzed by SPSS 18, Excel 2010 and statically methods such as Bonfreoni, Regression and Mann-Whitney in the significantly of P
SH AHAN JAN; M AKBARI; M AKBARI
Volume 13, Issue 4 , January and February 2007, , Pages 178-184
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Ankle injuries are among the most common muscular-skeletal injuries in atliletes so that they account for 10 to 15 percent of all injuries. The chances of ankle strain for an athlete during a sports career are 45% and 10 to 30 percent turn into chronic forms. The present study ...
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Background and Purpose: Ankle injuries are among the most common muscular-skeletal injuries in atliletes so that they account for 10 to 15 percent of all injuries. The chances of ankle strain for an athlete during a sports career are 45% and 10 to 30 percent turn into chronic forms. The present study was conducted to study the ankle instability in the national team athletes (football, wrestling and basketball).
Methods and Materials: In these descriptive- analytical and cross- sectional study, the population was 229 national team athletes who were invited to the national camp. Their mean age and height were 23 years and 185 cm respectively. For statistical analysis of the data, chi-square was used. Injury diagnosis was done through clinical examination and confirmed by Mortise view test.
Results: Ankle instability in free and French wrestling athletes were 8.6% and 5.9% respectively. It was 14.7% in football players and 7.3% in basketball players. Also, a significant relationship was found between ankle instability, trauma and strain (p