Microbiology
Mojtaba Fattahi Abdizadeh; Zahra Pakize Moghaddam; Alireza Ghorbani; Mohammad Hasan Rabiee; Hamed Goklani; Ramin Shahraini
Volume 28, Issue 1 , January and February 2021, , Pages 100-104
Epidemiology and Statistics
Amin Ataey; Elnaz Jafarvand
Volume 25, Issue 6 , November and December 2018, , Pages 773-780
Abstract
ABSTRACTBackground: Annually, about 1.5 million deaths occur due to tuberculosis in the world. The tenth grade is the global burden of diseases and it is expected to maintain its rank by 2020. On the other hand, information about the death and its causes are essential for assessing the health status ...
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ABSTRACTBackground: Annually, about 1.5 million deaths occur due to tuberculosis in the world. The tenth grade is the global burden of diseases and it is expected to maintain its rank by 2020. On the other hand, information about the death and its causes are essential for assessing the health status of the region and analyzing health plans and interventions.Materials and Methods: In this study, data from deaths in Iran from 2006 to 2010 published by the Ministry of Health was used. Death data from tuberculosis during the study period and mortality rates were determined based on age, sex, and residence, and the trend of mortality from tuberculosis was determined. Data analysis was performed using Excel 2016 software.Results: In total five years, 60.7% of deaths were related to males and 39.3% were females. The highest mortality rate was due to pulmonary tuberculosis with 87.7%. Also, death from tuberculosis in urban areas is more than rural areas. In terms of age, the highest number of deaths is in the age group above70 years.Discussion: The results of this study showed that the trend of death due to tuberculosis is decreasing, but this process is very slow. In order to achieve the Millennium Development Goals, basic measures such as education, disease screening, early treatment should be taken into consideration.
Hossein Rafimanesh; Mahshid Ghoncheh; Hamid Salehinia; Abdollah Mohammadian Hafashjani
Volume 23, Issue 2 , March and April 2016, , Pages 320-327
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men. This type of cancer is the second leading cause of death and is of the highest prevalence in men. Therefore, having a general picture of the characteristics and changes of the cancer epidemiology is essential for ...
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Background & Objectives: Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men. This type of cancer is the second leading cause of death and is of the highest prevalence in men. Therefore, having a general picture of the characteristics and changes of the cancer epidemiology is essential for this type of cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of prostate cancer and its incidence trends in Iran. Methods: This cross - sectional study conducted on date extracted from cancer registry system in Iran during 2003 to 2009. After separation of the data for prostate cancer, number of cases, incidence, and standardized incidence were studied, and the epidemiological characteristics of the disease during the studied period were presented. Results: Incidence of prostate cancer in Iran has an increasing trend, so that the number of cases recorded in 2003 and 2009 are 1548 and 3856 cases, respectively. The lowest age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) observed in 2003 whit 5.4 and the highest ASR observed in 2009 whit 12. Among provinces, Tehran has the highest cases of prostate cancer and Sistan and Baluchistan province has the lowest cases. The highest incidence rate reported in the age group above 50 years. Conclusion: Prostate cancer is a disease of older men that its incidence is increasing in Iran. Due to the changing in lifestyle of the people and the aging of the population, planning to conduct epidemiological and etiological studies about this cancer and early detection of disease by using screening test seems necessary.
Zahra Nava Noorafshar; Mohsen Kooshan
Volume 22, Issue 3 , May and June 2015, , Pages 220-224
Abstract
Introduction: Suicide is one of the social and health problems. Epidemiological studies of suicide can provide the basis for effective preventive actions. The present study has conducted with the aim of epidemiological investigation of people who commit suicide among people who refer to Sabzevar hospitals ...
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Introduction: Suicide is one of the social and health problems. Epidemiological studies of suicide can provide the basis for effective preventive actions. The present study has conducted with the aim of epidemiological investigation of people who commit suicide among people who refer to Sabzevar hospitals in 2010.
Material and Methods: This study has been a cross-sectional study. Documents of patients have been used for gathering required data. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis.
Findings: In this study, the prevalence of attempted suicide, has been calculated 1 per thousand. During a year, 471 cases of attempted suicide was recorded in the city of Sabzevar. 305 cases were in the age group of 15 to 24 years old which have been formed the highest prevalence of cases. In this study, women were 288 cases that make 61% of cases. Singles were 289 that make 61/4 % of cases. Most cases of committing suicide have been among housewives with 125 cases that include 26/5 % of cases
Conclusion: The prevalence of committing suicide in the Sabzevar city was calculated 1 per thousand. According to the suicide recording system of health ministry, Sabzevar with regard to committing suicide prevalence, is one of the cities with moderate risk.
Mostafa EnayatRad; Hamid Salehinia
Volume 22, Issue 1 , March and April 2015, , Pages 27-35
Abstract
Background and purpose: Breast cancer is the commonest cancer and first leading cause of death among women. Since having knowledge about breast cancer incidence trends over time is essential for health planning, this study was aimed at investigating variation in the incidence of breast cancer.
Materials ...
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Background and purpose: Breast cancer is the commonest cancer and first leading cause of death among women. Since having knowledge about breast cancer incidence trends over time is essential for health planning, this study was aimed at investigating variation in the incidence of breast cancer.
Materials and Methods: This study is a reanalysis of existing data published by cancer registry system of Iran during 2003 to 2009. The reported incidence of WHO standards are based on the direct method.
Results: According to registry statistics between 2003 and 2009 breast cancer incidence among women has increased as 3946 and 8424 cases were recorded in years 2003 and 8424 respectively. . Over mentioned years the number of breast cancer cases recorded in the country was 45122, in which 43922 cases have occurred among women. The Highest ASR was reported about 33/21 in year 2008 and the lowest was reported about 15/96 in year 2003 (cases per hundred thousand people) ,The highest and lowest recorded incidence rates appertain to Tehran and Kohkiloye and Boyer Ahmad. Cancer registry statistics during 2003 to 2009 indicate that cancer incidence peak age is around 50-55 years or more.
Conclusions: Breast cancer incidence rate has been increasing in recent years, as the most common malignancy among women in Iran. The incidence of the disease is rising considerably in the country, especially in the central and Northern provinces; therefore, planning for early detection of cancer in high-risk areas would be useful.
Sam Hatami; Javad Tafarroji; Mohmmad Ghareh Bagloo; Alireza Jalali; Aliakbar Riyahin; Mostafa Vahedian
Volume 21, Issue 3 , July and August 2014, , Pages 386-392
Abstract
Background: Understanding the epidemiology and main leading factors of endocarditis, accelerate the process of diagnosis and treatment, and reduce mortality from this disease. This study was performed due to uncertain epidemiological situation of endocarditis in different parts of Iran, especially city ...
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Background: Understanding the epidemiology and main leading factors of endocarditis, accelerate the process of diagnosis and treatment, and reduce mortality from this disease. This study was performed due to uncertain epidemiological situation of endocarditis in different parts of Iran, especially city of Qom.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, epidemiological status of hospitalized patients with endocarditis in Qom city hospitals between 2004-2013 was reviewed. In this study, 74 patients who had duke criteria for infective endocarditis, were studied. Demographic data and the disease information were recorded on a Check list. Data collection method was the patients' hospital records. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16.
Results: In this study, 74 patients, including 49 males and 25 females were studied. The patients' mean age ± SD was 28 ± 15/78. According to information obtained, age range 20-23 years with 29 patients (39/1%), was the most affected. The most common cause of hospital admission was fever with 80% (59 patients). Tricuspid valve involvement was 67.5% (29 patients). The most common underlying disease was heart diseases by as much as 44/5% (33 patients). 42/4 % (14 patients) had a history of mitral valve replacement. Among those who had positive cultures, 85/7% (12 patients) Staphylococcus aureus, and 14/2% (2 paients) Klebsiella were reported. Mortality rate was 7.5%.
Conclusion: Fever, if accompanied with a heart murmur, or a history of mitral valve replacement in young men who have had a history of intravenous drug abuse, strongly suspected endocarditis.