Seyyed Amir Hossein Zehni Moghaddam; Maryam Javadi; Foad AliMoradi; Asghar Mohammadpour Asl
Volume 23, Issue 1 , May and June 2016, , Pages 103-109
Abstract
Background and purpose: Diabetes is a global problem and one of the main reasons for debility and mortality in present-day societies. Some studies have indicated that Sleep Durationand blood sugar levels in diabetics are correlated, but this has not been confirmed in other research. Therefore, this study ...
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Background and purpose: Diabetes is a global problem and one of the main reasons for debility and mortality in present-day societies. Some studies have indicated that Sleep Durationand blood sugar levels in diabetics are correlated, but this has not been confirmed in other research. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the relationship between Sleep Durationand blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods and materials: In this cross-sectional-analytical study, 244 type 2 diabetes patients referred to the Diabetes Screening Center in south Tehran were studied. After obtaining written consent from the patients, demographic information and information regarding their sleep patterns was collected, and blood samples were taken from them. The data was analyzed using the statistical analyses chi-square, independent t-test, and logistic regression. Findings: Of the 244 studied patients, 168 (68.9%) were females and 67 (31.1%) males, and their overall average age was 58.30±11.22. Study of the relationship between blood sugar level control and sleep hours controlling for demographic variables and duration of the disease showed that Sleep Durationon holidays and working days had no significant correlation with blood sugar level control in the studied patients (p>0.05). Conclusions: There was no correlation between Sleep Durationand fasting blood sugar and HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes. We recommend longitudinal studies be carried out in this regard.
Biotechnology & nanotechnology
Amirhossein Barghi; Hossein Honari; Mohamadali Ebrahimi; Gholamreza Bakhshi Khaniki; Seyed Mojtaba aghaee
Volume 27, Issue 1 , May and June 2020, , Pages 103-112
Abstract
Introduction: Saponaria officinalis have various saponin isoforms. Saponin is a ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP). The SO9 isoform of saponins depurinates the adenine 4324 in the preserved GAGA sequence resulting in impairment of protein production. In this study, the S09 isoform was expressed in E. ...
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Introduction: Saponaria officinalis have various saponin isoforms. Saponin is a ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP). The SO9 isoform of saponins depurinates the adenine 4324 in the preserved GAGA sequence resulting in impairment of protein production. In this study, the S09 isoform was expressed in E. coli and its antibody titers were evaluated in Mouse. Methods: The S09 gene was synthesized and isolated from the pUC57-S09 recombinant plasmid using the restriction enzymes BamH1 and Sal1, and then cloned in the expression vector pET28a(+). Expression of the new recombinant protein was induced by IPTG. The recombinant S09 protein was purified by Ni affinity chromatography. The recombinant protein was confirmed through western blotting. The Mouse were vaccinated through intraperitoneal injection of the purified protein and serum IgG titer was measured through ELISA.Results: Subcloning of S09 gene in the pET28a(+) expression vector was confirmed by PCR and enzymatic digestion. The presence of 29 kDa protein band in SDS-PAGE showed the high expression of recombinant protein. The recombinant S09 protein was detected by polyclonal antibody. After injection of the protein to the test groups, the antibody titer was measured by ELISA. Conclusion: The adjuvant property and immunogenicity of the purified recombinant S09 antigen showed that this antibody can be used to detect the presence of S09 in Saponaria officinal is, as a candidate for vaccine, for production of diagnostic kits, and in human cells anticancer studies.
Physical Education
shila Nayebi far; Elham Ghasemi
Volume 28, Issue 1 , January and February 2021, , Pages 106-114
Abstract
Introduction: The assessment of changes in liver Aminotranspherases and Insulin resistance following 4 weeks of exercise trainings have been of great importance in order to prevent liver diseases. The purpose of present study is to determine the effect of 4 weeks of high intensity interval trainings ...
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Introduction: The assessment of changes in liver Aminotranspherases and Insulin resistance following 4 weeks of exercise trainings have been of great importance in order to prevent liver diseases. The purpose of present study is to determine the effect of 4 weeks of high intensity interval trainings together with ginger on serum levels of liver enzymes and insulin resistance in pioneer football players. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 46 football pioneer men (40-50 years) were selected according to selective and on purpose sampling, and were divided into 4 groups of Ginger+Training, Gnger, Training+placebo and control. The training groups performed high intensity trainings for 4 weeks with 90% HRmax while supplementation groups consumed 3×1000 mg ginger capsules daily. Blood sampling was done before and 48 hours after the intervention in fasting state. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-wilk, Two way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests in p < 0.05 significant level. Results: 4 weeks of ginger and HIIT decreased HOMA, ALT, AST, Glucose, Insulin, weight, WC and BMI significantly in experimental groups (Ginger, Train-Ginger, Train-placebo) compared to pretest (p≤0.05). The mean changes in mentioned indices showed better improvements in ginger+training group compared to other groups (p≤0.05). Conclusion: It seems that ginger intake together with high intensity interval exercises is an efficient factor in non-alcoholic fatty liver prevention and improvement by augmentation in fat metabolism through putting desirable results on serum liver enzymes, insulin resistance and body composition in pioneer football men players.
Ahmadreza Yazdanbakhsh; Mohammad Rafiee; Ghasem Kiani feizabadi
Volume 26, Issue 1 , March and April 2019, , Pages 109-118
Abstract
Background: Anoxic-oxic (A/O) is a new method of wastewater treatment and is being used in Mahdishahr wastewater plant. considering the lack of studies in this area, it seemed necessary to study the performance of A/O system in wastewater treatment. This study was carried out to evaluate the efficiency ...
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Background: Anoxic-oxic (A/O) is a new method of wastewater treatment and is being used in Mahdishahr wastewater plant. considering the lack of studies in this area, it seemed necessary to study the performance of A/O system in wastewater treatment. This study was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of Mahdishahr wastewater Treatment Plant. Materials and Methods: The present cross sectional study was conducted in 2014 during 8 months. Sampling was performed two times per week from the incoming wastewater, aeration pond and effluent. Overall, 200 samples were collected. The efficiency of Treatment Plant was measured by TSS, BOD5, COD, MLSS, MLVSS, and SVI indices in aeration ponds based on standard method. Then the datas were analyzed by statistical analysis. Results: The mean concentrations of BOD5, TSS and COD in influent were 221.6 mg/l, 203.8mg/l and 321 mg/l respectively. The mean concentrations of BOD5, TSS and COD in effluent were 23.65 mg/l, 16.79 mg/l and 34.9 mg/l respectively. According to the results the average removal efficiency of BOD5, TSS and COD were about 87.25%, 91.77% and 87.29% respectively. These results are in accordance with standards of Iranian Department of Environment to be used for agricultural purposes. During the study, the monthly mean for SVI was 67.3 ml/g and the mean for MLSS and MLVSS was 1880 and 1182 mg/l respectively. Conclusion: in present study, the efficiency of A/O process in COD removals is approximately 89 percent, representing high degradability of wastewater in A/O reactor. In addition, according to the results this method was efficient and the effluent complied with Iranian standards in terms of COD, TSS and BOD5, thus the flow is suitable for reuse or discharge to water courses.
Educational
maryam karimi; maryam kazerani
Volume 24, Issue 6 , March and April 2018, , Pages 121-130
Abstract
Background: Abstracts are valuable tools in assessing the relevance of documents during information retrieval. Determination of abstract compliance with international standards is one of ways of generating qualified information, reducing costs and establishing aligned coordination with international ...
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Background: Abstracts are valuable tools in assessing the relevance of documents during information retrieval. Determination of abstract compliance with international standards is one of ways of generating qualified information, reducing costs and establishing aligned coordination with international standards. this study aims to assess persian theses abstracts of different educational levels with ANSI/NISO Z39.14 standard at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU) from 2010-2014. Material and methods: This analytical survey consists of 386 titles of Persian abstracts of master’s, professional doctorate ,and specialized medicine theses abstract of different schools at SBMU from 2010-2014. Standard text of ANSI / NISO Z39.14 is used as a research tool which includes 5 content elements. Stratified sampling using random number table (commensurate with the size) was the method of this study. Descriptive statistics along with Anova test, Chi2 and Tukey’s HSD tests of SPSS 19 software were used for data analysis. Results: Results showed that there is a significant difference among the consistency of content elements of the standard with theses abstract of different educational levels in different schools using ANOVA and chi-square test while there was insignificant difference between the years 2010 to 2014. Conclusion: The findings suggest that writing style of thesis abstracts at SBMU, in some content elements, is not in accordance with the standard ANSI/NISOZ39.14 (R2015). Therefore, it is recommended to develop an instruction and a coherent model based on international standards which are mandatory to be followed by all centers in order to improve the writing style.
Biotechnology & nanotechnology
Ali Ghorbani Ranjbary; Jalil Mehrzad; Hesam Dehghani; Abbas Abdollahi; Saman Hosseinkhani
Volume 29, Issue 1 , May and June 2022, , Pages 141-153
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. The role of IL-17A in cancer begins in the early stages of tumorigenesis and appears to play an important role in tumorigenesis by causing inflammation. The present study was conducted to investigate the expression of ...
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Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. The role of IL-17A in cancer begins in the early stages of tumorigenesis and appears to play an important role in tumorigenesis by causing inflammation. The present study was conducted to investigate the expression of KI67 and P53 genes in HT-29 colon epithelial cells with IL-17A.Materials and Methods IL-17A was purchased and 50 ng/ml was added to HT-29 culture medium and after 24 hours the cells were isolated from the culture medium and cell necrosis was examined by MTT. Then RNA was extracted and the expression levels of P53 and KI67 were analyzed using newly designed primers by Reverse transcription (RT) qPCR method and GeniX6 software.Results The MTT test showed that a concentration of 150 ng/ml for 24 hours had maximal necrosis rate in HT-29. After 24 hours of IL-17A incubation, the expression of KI67 (P = 0.003) and P53 (P = 0.001) genes in HT-29 cells in the IL-17A exposed group decreased and increased, respectively. Also, compared to the control group the number of examined HT-29 cells in the IL-17A treated group showed a significant decrease (P
Physical Education
Meysam Pourmohamadi; Marzieh Nazari; Ramin Shabani
Volume 27, Issue 2 , July and August 2020, , Pages 227-235
Abstract
Purpose: Intensive, long-term activity can damage the immunity system and cause inflammation. So, a natural anti-inflammatory intermediate like green tea has attracted the interests. The objective of the present study was to examine the impact of green tea consumption and intensive aerobic exercise training ...
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Purpose: Intensive, long-term activity can damage the immunity system and cause inflammation. So, a natural anti-inflammatory intermediate like green tea has attracted the interests. The objective of the present study was to examine the impact of green tea consumption and intensive aerobic exercise training on body composition, creatine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase parameters in sedentary young men.Materials and methods: Thirty-eight sedentary young men (age: 19.87±1.63 years) were participated in study and were randomly divided into four groups: green tea + aerobic training, aerobic training, green tea, and control. The subjects took three mg green tea or placebo a day with their meals. Also, green tea + aerobic training and aerobic training groups had aerobic training with 55-85% of maximum heart beat rate three sessions a week for one month. Blood samples were taken before and after four weeks and 24 hours after El-Estado test and their creatine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase were measured. Data were analyzed with t-paired test and covariance test.Results: It was revealed that fat percentage was significantly lower in green tea group (p < 0.001) but, no significance was observed in other variables.Conclusion: It seems that green tea consumption with regular, short aerobic activities can favorably affect subcutaneous fat percentage.
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
Rahmat allah Fatahian dehkordi; Mohammad Javad Yazdanpanah; Reza Khetvan
Volume 28, Issue 2 , May and June 2021, , Pages 250-258
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to stereological evaluate of the protective effect of pancreatin on morphological changes in mice kidney after treatment with L-arginine .
Materials and Methods: To conduct research, 50 adult male rats weighing 30±2 gr were divided into 5 groups (equal). ...
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to stereological evaluate of the protective effect of pancreatin on morphological changes in mice kidney after treatment with L-arginine .
Materials and Methods: To conduct research, 50 adult male rats weighing 30±2 gr were divided into 5 groups (equal). In the control group, no administration was made. The pancreatitis induction groups received 2 doses of 300 and 400 mg/100 g body weight of L-arginine. To the induction groups with two different doses, therapeutic drug was prescribed 3.5 pp. of lipase-pancreatin. All treatments were received for 3 consecutive days once a day from L-arginine solution and 72 hours later, a lipase-pancreatin solution was administered to groups of pancreatitis for 20 days .
Results: The results showed that due to experimental pancreatitis, except for medulla volume, decreasing volume of renal cortex, proximal and distal convoluted tubules, and glomeruli was observed in the treated groups compared to the control group. By the administration of pancreatin lipase along with L-arginine, mean volume values of factors such as mean volume of renal cortex, proximal convoluted tubules and glomeruli, have gotten closed to the control group .
Conclusion: According to a final review of the findings, lipasepancreatin solution may be partially effective in mitigating the effects of pancreatitis induced by high doses of L-arginine
Anesthesiology
Moosa Javdani; Rasoul Rahimi; Abolfazl Barzegar Bafrouei
Volume 26, Issue 2 , July and August 2019, , Pages 263-271
Abstract
AbstractBackground: Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic that because of its minimal effects on respiratory and cardiovascular systems, frequently used in both human and veterinary medicine. But in recent years, it was recognized as a problematic drug of abuse and became increasing popular in many parts ...
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AbstractBackground: Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic that because of its minimal effects on respiratory and cardiovascular systems, frequently used in both human and veterinary medicine. But in recent years, it was recognized as a problematic drug of abuse and became increasing popular in many parts of the world. According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime report, use of ketamine in East Asia, Australia, North America and Europe was increasing, also in parts of South East Asia because of less International Drug Control and availability of ketamine use of its dramatically increased. Recent studies showed that abuse and long-term use of ketamine cause changes in mood, and physical condition such as damage in the urinary tract, nervous tissue and liver failure among consumers.Materials and Methods: The review article is written by the keywords “ketamine, anesthesia, abuse”. articles that published in 1978- 2016 were selected.Results: In this study, ketamine introduced initially; then use, abuse, damage caused by arbitrary use and legality of ketamine in some countries discussed and finally methods for the determination of ketamine were mentioned.
Physical Education
Akbar Sazvar; YAGHOOB MEHRIALVAR
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, , Pages 267-277
Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of interval training on gene expression of Ryanodine receptors' calcium channels and calcium pump in ischemic rats.Methodology: 28 Wistar male rats (200-250 g) were used in this study. They were randomly divided into 4 groups: Sham, ...
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Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of interval training on gene expression of Ryanodine receptors' calcium channels and calcium pump in ischemic rats.Methodology: 28 Wistar male rats (200-250 g) were used in this study. They were randomly divided into 4 groups: Sham, Ischemia, Exercise, and Exercise-ischemia. Myocardial infarction (MI) was done by closing the descending coronary artery (LAD) for 30 minutes. Exercise program on treadmill was for 8 weeks, 3 days a week for 40 minutes. The rats were anesthetized and the heart tissue was isolated 48 hours after the last training session and injections. SERCA2a and RyR2 gene expression was measured for heart tissue cells. Results: The results showed that SERCA2a gene expression level was increased in both groups of exercise and exercise-ischemia (p= 0.001) and this increase was significantly higher in exercise-ischemia group (p = 0.001). Also, the results showed that 8 weeks of interval training significantly increased RyR2 gene expression level in two groups of exercise- ischemia and exercise. But a significant decrease was observed in RyR2 gene expression level in ischemia group. Discussion and Conclusion: This study results show that a regular interval training program eliminates abnormal contractions associated with cardiomyopathy due to myocardial ischemia and rehabilitates cardiac muscle calcium control and increases mainly the contraction strength by the increase of left ventricle mass.
Behnam Izadi; Seyyedeh Niloofar Mosavi; Reihaneh Askary Kachoosangy
Volume 23, Issue 2 , March and April 2016, , Pages 313-319
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Appendicitis is the most common and the most important medical emergency and most of these patients undergo appendectomy. The diagnosis of appendicitis is critical and value of diagnostic laboratory tests has always been discussed. The purpose of this study was to determine ...
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Background & Objectives: Appendicitis is the most common and the most important medical emergency and most of these patients undergo appendectomy. The diagnosis of appendicitis is critical and value of diagnostic laboratory tests has always been discussed. The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of increasing of CRP in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Materials & Methods: This was a cross- sectional study. 105 persons of recourse to Shahid Motahari hospital emergency of Marvdasht in 2012, were examined. Before giving any preoperational Antibiotics, blood samples for measurement of serum CRP levels were prepared. After surgery, the relationship between serum levels of CRP and appendix tissue biopsy and the surgeon about the type of tissue to be investigated. All data were analyzed by SPSS version 18 (ANOVA and Tukey test). Result: 81 patients of participants that were studied had acute appendicitis and 24 of them had normal appendix. Among patients with acute appendicitis, 65 patients had increased serum CRP levels and 16 patients had normal serum CRP levels. The sensitivity and specificity of CRP respectively were 80% and 63% in this study. Conclusion: The results showed that evaluation of serum CRP levels can be useful and beneficial in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.
Hossein Shahnazi; Ameneh Sobhani; Abdorahman Cherkzi
Volume 25, Issue 3 , July and August 2018, , Pages 370-363
Abstract
Background and purpose Nowadays, quality of life is increasingly considering due to the rapid increase in the population of elderly. The importance of health promoting behaviors becomes significantly more highlighted because of maintaining individual functional independence and improving their quality ...
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Background and purpose Nowadays, quality of life is increasingly considering due to the rapid increase in the population of elderly. The importance of health promoting behaviors becomes significantly more highlighted because of maintaining individual functional independence and improving their quality of life. Then, we aimed to investigate the relation of different aspects of lifestyle and elderly quality of life. Materials and MethodsA cross-sectional survey was done in 350 elderly residents in elderly care facilities in Isfahan participated. Data were collected using 2 questionnaires included lifestyle and quality of life (SF36). To analyze, SPSS version 20 and descriptive and Pearson correlation were used. Results The mean age of the elderly was 71.93 ± 13.87. In total, 70.6% of samples were women who were not able to literate (45.4%). According to Pearson correlation, there was a significant relation between different aspects of lifestyle and elderly quality of life (p<0.05). Aforementioned test also reported that different aspects of quality of life had meaningful relation with each other (p<0.001). Conclusion According to our findings, healthy lifestyle has notably impacts on improving elderly quality of life. Therefore, it is recommended that health policy makers develop plans to promote elderly lifestyle resident in care facilities. It is hoped that our study support this at risk population toward improving the health status and quality of life.
Nursing
Ali Saneipour; mojtaba rad; Yaser Tabaraei; Mostafa Rad
Volume 26, Issue 3 , September and October 2019, , Pages 373-381
Abstract
Background: Ischemic heart disease is the first cause of early death in the world. One of the main treatments for patients with acute coronary syndrome is the use of anticoagulants. The aim of this study, The aim of this study was to compare effect of two methods of intermittent intravenous injection ...
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Background: Ischemic heart disease is the first cause of early death in the world. One of the main treatments for patients with acute coronary syndrome is the use of anticoagulants. The aim of this study, The aim of this study was to compare effect of two methods of intermittent intravenous injection and continuous infusion on APTT in patients with ACS.Materials and Methods: clinical trial was performed on 60 patients selected by random sampling in Neishabour Hospital in 2018. To data gathering were used the demographic information questionnaire, and APTT checklist. The intravenous injection group received 2500 units heparin every 3 hours and infusion group was given 1000 units per hour and APTT was controlled. Data analysis was done using SPSS-16 software and sinifiant level was considered to be less than 0.05.Results: Mean APTT level in first stage was 40.8 ± 11.17 and 38.87 ± 8.86 in intermittent intravenous injection and continuous infusion groups respectively. In the 8th stage, mean APTT level in intravenous injection group was 55.03 ± 8.41 and in continuous infusion group was 55.7 ± 14.09. Independent t-test did not show a significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05).Conclusion: Regarding to approximation of the results in two methods, alternate injection method can be used instead of continuous intravenous infusion. This method creates less constraints for the patient and reduces the burden on nurses due to don’t need setting pump syringe, serum heparin preparation, and alleviation of alarms.
immunology & Biochemistry
Soheyla Yadamani; Ali Neamati; Masoud Homayouni Tabrizi; Samira Yadamani
Volume 24, Issue 5 , September and October 2018, , Pages 375-380
Abstract
Background: Schiff bases have attracted great attention in recent years due to their antioxidant, antiviral and antibacterial properties. Antioxidants prevent free radical reactions and leading to decrease in cardiovascular disease, cancers, etc. Bacteria exploited variety of defense systems so they ...
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Background: Schiff bases have attracted great attention in recent years due to their antioxidant, antiviral and antibacterial properties. Antioxidants prevent free radical reactions and leading to decrease in cardiovascular disease, cancers, etc. Bacteria exploited variety of defense systems so they can resist against antibiotics. Therefore, it is necessary to develop antimicrobial factors with more effective mechanisms. In present study, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of copper Schiff base complex N’-N1 dipirodoxil-1-2 diaminobenzene has been studied. Materials and methods: After Synthesis of Schiff base complex, evaluation of antiradical activity of this complex was performed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH),2, 2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and hydroxyl (OH ̊) tests. In order to study antimicrobial properties, disk diffusion test was done using bacteria.Results: Schiff base complex acted as scavengerof 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) (IC50 = 0.1 mg/ml), 2, 2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) (IC50 = 0.11 mg/ml) and hydroxyl radicals (OH ̊) (IC50 = 0.14 mg/ml). Antimicrobial effects of this complex against two bacteria were seen at the concentration of 250 µg/ml.Conclusion: Findings of this study indicate that copper Schiff base complex has antioxidant activity and in antimicrobial test Staphylococcus aureus is more sensitive than Escherichia coli. Keywords: Copper Schiff base; Antiradical Activity; DPPH; Antimicrobial
Psychology
Saeed Reza Amirian; Mojtaba Amiri Majd; Mansure Shahriari Ahmadi; leila elyasi
Volume 27, Issue 3 , September and October 2020, , Pages 404-412
Abstract
Background and objectives: Mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder suffer from stress, anxiety and depression. The aim of this study was to determine the Mindfulness-Based Positive Behavior Support on stress, depression and anxiety of these mothers.Methods: Thirty mothers with children aged ...
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Background and objectives: Mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder suffer from stress, anxiety and depression. The aim of this study was to determine the Mindfulness-Based Positive Behavior Support on stress, depression and anxiety of these mothers.Methods: Thirty mothers with children aged 6-8 years old with autism spectrum disorder were selected randomly from Gorgan Special Schools and were randomly divided into 2 groups of intervention and control. An expert psychiatrist educated MBPBS to the intervention group in 8 sessions. The assessment tools included the Perceived Stress Scale, Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventory, completed by all mother before, immediately and one month after the intervention. Independent t-test was used to compare the two groups. Results: Before intervention, mean scores of depression, anxiety and stress in mothers of autistic children were not significantly different between the intervention and control groups, but the mean scores of the two groups were significantly different after intervention and one month after the intervention; mean scores of depression, anxiety and stress of mothers of autistic children did not change significantly in the control group over time, but decreased significantly in the intervention group (P
Physical Education
Fahimeh Keavanloo; Esmaeil ُSharifian; Kourosh Ghahraman Tabrizi; Mohammad Seyedahmadi
Volume 28, Issue 3 , May and June 2021, , Pages 413-424
Abstract
Introduction: Sports injuries among physical education students are prevalent and various factors, including management factors, affect them.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, by using the systematic design of the data based theory required information was collected from 12 physical ...
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Introduction: Sports injuries among physical education students are prevalent and various factors, including management factors, affect them.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, by using the systematic design of the data based theory required information was collected from 12 physical education teachers through targeted interviews. The interviews were then coded and a theoretical model of the research were developed. Finally, in order to evaluate the accuracy of theoretical model a questionnaire was designed and completed by 330 physical education students and the effect coefficients of different parts of the model were investigated by modeling structural equations in PLS software environment.
Results: The results of the analysis of qualitative data obtained from the interview led to the presentation of the model of prevention of sports injuries of physical education students based on managerial factors with 13 categories and 38 concepts in the form of 6 dimensions including causal factors, the main phenomenon, strategy, background characteristics, intervening conditions and outcomes. General test of structural equation modeling was performed using the Goodness of Fit Test and was confirmed(GOF = 0.74). The statistical value of T for the effect of each ofcausal factors, background characteristics, intervening conditions was higher than (1.96), so their effect was confirmed.
Conclusion: Thus, by modifying the approach of student admission, educational programming and securing places along with teaching and informing, we will be able to significantly reduce the incidence of sports injuries in physical education students.
Mehdi Birjandi; Mohammad Salehi-Marzijarani; Seyyed Mohammad Taghi Ayatollahi; Houshang Rashidi; Ali Hosseinzadeh
Volume 23, Issue 3 , July and August 2016, , Pages 468-477
Abstract
Background Oral diseases are common in many communities and dental caries is the most prevalent disease among children and adults. DMFT (Decayed Missed Filled Teeth) is one of the useful indexes in dental epidemiology. This study aimed to investigate caries epidemiology among students and compare several ...
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Background Oral diseases are common in many communities and dental caries is the most prevalent disease among children and adults. DMFT (Decayed Missed Filled Teeth) is one of the useful indexes in dental epidemiology. This study aimed to investigate caries epidemiology among students and compare several modeling of DMFT based on real data.Materials & Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on school children aged 7-12 years in Khoramabad City, Iran during 2010 to 2011. A total of 920 samples were recruited by multistage random sampling method. Regarding to countable data, right skewness and zero inflated variable of DMFT index, different models such as Poisson regression, negative-binomial regression, and zero-inflated Poisson regression were used for modeling, and the selection of the best model was based on the minimum amount of AIC and BIC. Data analysis was performed using Stata version 12, according to significant level of 5%.Results In this study, 43% of school children were girls and the rest were boys, so that their Mean±SD age and DMFT were 9.02±1.49 years and 1.02±1.35, respectively. A total of 528 (out of 920) children had dental caries. Zero-inflated Poisson regression, comparing with other models, was of the best model for goodness of fit among the fitted models. This model revealed significant relationships between being at risk of dental caries and variables of age, father’s educational level, and presence of microbial plaque (P<0.05). Severity of dental caries intensified significantly as children’s ages increased (P<0.05).Conclusion The best regression method for modeling DMFT among all models in this study was zero-inflated Poisson regression. Age, father’s educational level, and presence of microbial plaque were significantly correlated with children’s dental caries.
Microbiology
Behnaz Jalalizadegan; Fatemeh Ghaffarifar; Soudabeh Fallah; Taher Elmi; Mohammad Javad Namazi; Fatemeh Vafa Shoar; Fatemeh Tabatabaee
Volume 26, Issue 4 , November and December 2019, , Pages 515-525
Abstract
Background: Toxoplasma gondii is an obligatory intracellular parasite causes toxoplasmosis. The parasite has two forms, noninvasive bradizoites and invasive tachizoites. The present study, for the first time, aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamins C and E on nitric oxide (NO) elevation to promote killing ...
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Background: Toxoplasma gondii is an obligatory intracellular parasite causes toxoplasmosis. The parasite has two forms, noninvasive bradizoites and invasive tachizoites. The present study, for the first time, aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamins C and E on nitric oxide (NO) elevation to promote killing invasive tachizoites by macrophages in susceptible BALB/c mice.Materials and Methods: Seventy BALB/c mice were recruited and randomly divided into fourteen groups of five (n=5). Control groups: one group left intact. Two groups were given saline or methanol. Two groups were infected with 104 or 5×104 parasites. The other groups were administrated only vitamin C, E, or both. The rest of sample and control groups were infected with either 104 or 5×104 tachizoites and supplemented with 100 µl vitamin E every other day, or 200 µl of vitamin C daily. Vitamins were intraperitoneally administered up to five days. On sixth day mice were intraperitoneally infected with tachyzoites. The blood samples were taken three days post infection, serum collected and stored at - 20 Cº until examinations. The peritoneal macrophages were isolated for counting phagocytised tachyzoites and nitric oxide assays.Results: Tachyzoites were significantly decreased after vitamin C & E administration in the infected mice compared to the controls. In mice supplemented vitamins NO levels were significantly higher compared to controls. Conclusion: Our findings showed that administration of vitamin C, E or both significantly enhanced killing invasive parasites through NO elevation produced by activated macrophages and may have therefore, complementary therapeutic effects.
Psychology
azam abdali; mohsen golmohammadin; alireza rashidi
Volume 25, Issue 4 , September and October 2018, , Pages 573-580
Abstract
Background Among the problems of students who have an unpleasant effect on their academic performance is the test anxiety and lack of academic buoyancy. The purpose of present study was investigation the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on test anxiety and academic buoyancy of female ...
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Background Among the problems of students who have an unpleasant effect on their academic performance is the test anxiety and lack of academic buoyancy. The purpose of present study was investigation the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on test anxiety and academic buoyancy of female students. Material & Methods The research type was semi experimental with design with pre-test and follow-up design 30 female students were chosen randomly and assigned into tow control and experimental. Experimental group received 8 sessions Intervention based on acceptance and commitment 2 times weekly. Instrument was Sarason test anxiety (1984) and academic buoyancy Hosin chari (2012) questionnaire. The multivariate analysis of covariance was used to data analysis. Results. Findings showed that effect size in test anxiety variable was (post-test=.93, follow-up =.83) and in academic buoyancy was (posttest =.64, follow-up =.61) (p≥.001). Conclusion in according to results There is significant difference in test anxiety and academic buoyancy between experimental and control groups in post-test and follow-up stage. In whole The results indicated the role and importance of acceptance and commitment in promoting test anxiety and academic buoyancy in students.
Physiology & Pharmacology
Reza Moghaddasi; Ahmadali Moazedi; Zohreh Ghotbeddin; Mohammadreza AKHOND
Volume 27, Issue 4 , November and December 2020, , Pages 594-603
Abstract
Introduction: Epilepsy is a chronic and multifactorial disease characterized by sudden and repeated seizures. Carbamazepine is the most common medicine for treating epilepsy. Today, the use of LFS as an alternative treatment is considered in patients resistant to drugs. Therefore, in this research, the ...
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Introduction: Epilepsy is a chronic and multifactorial disease characterized by sudden and repeated seizures. Carbamazepine is the most common medicine for treating epilepsy. Today, the use of LFS as an alternative treatment is considered in patients resistant to drugs. Therefore, in this research, the effects of LFS and carbamazepine on epilepsy in dorsal hippocampus by using Kindling method on the seizure indices have been compared in adult male rats.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 50 adult male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: Kindle (KND), KLFS, MCK, CBZ20K and CBZ40K. Kindle's group received a daily stimulant of Kindling in a fast way, in the CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus. In other groups, daily Kindling stimuli, similar to the Kindle group, were applied. In the Kindle + LFS (KLFS) group, LFS stimuli were immediately triggered after the kindling. In methylcellulose + kindling (MCK) group, before stimulation, the amount was 0.2ml solution of methylcellulose 0.5% was given intraperitoneally. Drug + Kindling (CBZ20K and CBZ40K) groups received intraperitoneal carbamazepine 20mg / kg or 40mg / kg, respectively, before receiving kindling stimuli.
Results: Findings from this study indicate that the use of LFS or carbamazepine significantly reduced the mean seizure severity, total seizure duration, and the duration of afterdischarge in the KLFS and CBZ40K groups compared to the KND group (p <0.05). The important point is that the effective dose of CBZ has a more reduced effect on seizure indices than LFS.
Conclusion: Regarding the results, it seems that, the effective dose of CBZ to be more effective than LFS stimulation following the hippocampal kindling in reducing seizure indices.
Psychology
ebrahim nameni; mahmoud jajarmi; ali akbar Soliemanian
Volume 28, Issue 4 , September and October 2021, , Pages 608-620
Abstract
Introduction: Existential therapy examines man's self-awareness and his ability to look beyond his own problems and existential issues.The purpose of this study is to investigate the comparison of the existential therapy effewctivity and compassion-based therapy on psychological well-being and marital ...
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Introduction: Existential therapy examines man's self-awareness and his ability to look beyond his own problems and existential issues.The purpose of this study is to investigate the comparison of the existential therapy effewctivity and compassion-based therapy on psychological well-being and marital disturbance of women with the marital conflict. Materials and Methods: The research design was semi-experimental and pre-test, post-test and follow-up with the control group.The research community includes all married women who had referred to Sabzevar counseling centers in the first six months of 2019 due to marital disputes among them, 45 women were selected availabe. The experimental group was treated for 8 sessions of 90-minute weekly treatment and the witness group did not receive any intervention during this period.Schneider's marital confusion questionnaire(1997) and psychological well-being scale(1989) were the research tools. To analyze the data, a repeated measurement analysis of variance test and Ben Ferroni tracking test were used. Results: Research findings showed that the impact of existential therapy on psychological well-being is more than compassion-based therapy and on the contrary, the effect of compassion-based therapy on marital confusion is more than existential therapy. It should be noted thatthe durability of treatment effect is maintained after two months. Conclusion According to research findings, existential therapy and compassion-based therapy can be used to increase psychological well-being and reduce marital confusion.
Mohammadreza Samarghandi; Amir Shabanlou; Saba Majidi; Yosef PourEshgh; Jamal MehrAlipour
Volume 22, Issue 4 , September and October 2015, , Pages 639-648
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Electro-Ozonation process (EOP) has a good potential for the removal of persistent organic pollutants. This process is a combination of ozonation process and electricity for producing hydroxyl radical and removal of pollutants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ...
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Background & Objectives: Electro-Ozonation process (EOP) has a good potential for the removal of persistent organic pollutants. This process is a combination of ozonation process and electricity for producing hydroxyl radical and removal of pollutants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the EOP for SDBS degradation in aqueous media. Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, a semi-batch reactor with four graphite electrodes of 120 cm2 area was used. The effects of pH (3-11), the inlet of ozone (6-30 mM / s), current density (16-85 mA/cm2), the initial concentration of SDBS (0.02-0.3 mM/L) and radical scavenger dose (0.2 mM/L) were studied.SDBS concentration measured by spectrophotometer (DR5000) by instructions provided in the standard method book. Results: The results indicate the high efficiency of this process in the removal of SBDS and COD. In optimum conditions of pH = 3, current 85 mA/cm2, ozone flow rate 30 mM/s and initial SDBS concentration 0.02 mM/L, more than 99% removal was observed in 50 min. By changing the parameters of the optimum conditions, the process performance was decreased. High efficiency of COD removal in this process was obtained in 80 min. Influence of TBA in solution was the efficiency decrease of process to 80 %. Conclusion: Electro-ozonation process as an advanced oxidation process can reduce organic pollution industry and can be considered as an environmentally friendly process.
Biotechnology & nanotechnology
Madjid Momeni-Moghaddam; Roya Gholami
Volume 26, Issue 5 , November and December 2019, , Pages 651-656
Abstract
Abstract:Aims: Collagen synthesis can help to heal wounds, especially Large wounds. Any treatments that can stimulate collagen synthesis in fibroblasts can accelerate wound repair, so it has clinical value. Stem cells secrete some macromolecules and signals that can have different effects in other cells.Materials ...
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Abstract:Aims: Collagen synthesis can help to heal wounds, especially Large wounds. Any treatments that can stimulate collagen synthesis in fibroblasts can accelerate wound repair, so it has clinical value. Stem cells secrete some macromolecules and signals that can have different effects in other cells.Materials and Methods: In this study, human mesenchymal stem cells were cultured and their medium supernatant was harvested as a medium containing the signal. After determining concentration, they were exposed to mouse fibroblasts. The cell viability was examined and then in the molecular section, by designing specific primers, three The collagen gene was evaluated by Real-Time PCR.Results: The results indicated a growth-promoting effect using the amount of 20 μg /ml of stem cells conditioned media in the culture medium of fibroblast cells. It was also found in the molecular section, that this concentration could increase the expression of all three selected collagen genes.Discussion and conclusion: The results of this study fully confirmed the initial goals, indicating the high power of mesenchymal stem cells in the induction of collagen synthesis, and thus could be a very good candidate for clinical studies.
Gholamreza Moussavi; Ahamd Allahabadi; Milad Ganbary; Morteza Dab; Fahimeh Mircholi
Volume 23, Issue 4 , September and October 2016, , Pages 652-661
Abstract
Background Malathion is a pesticide with the highest consumption in phosphoric pesticides. This pesticide has acute and chronic effects. Therefore, for the protection of the water and human health against the harmful effects of these compounds, they must be removed by appropriate treatment of wastewater ...
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Background Malathion is a pesticide with the highest consumption in phosphoric pesticides. This pesticide has acute and chronic effects. Therefore, for the protection of the water and human health against the harmful effects of these compounds, they must be removed by appropriate treatment of wastewater and water resources. Among the treatment methods, the ozonation process has drawn more attention; one of the best options of ozonation process is the catalytic ozonation process (COP)with activated carbon.Materials & Methods In this study, at first the synthetic wastewater was prepared at the mentioned concentration with pure malathion. Then, removal malathion experiments in a cylindrical pilot with a total volume of 200 mL were performed by single ozonation and catalytic ozonation process with use of NH4Cl-induced activated carbon (NAC) obtained from of agricultural waste. Study variables included pH, contact time, the concentration of ozone, and the concentration of catalyst. In all conditions, the sole catalytic ozonation adsorption and catalystic synergistic effects were evaluated.Results The results showed that the removal efficiency of ozone in alkaline pH is higher. Also, in 200 mL samples containing 50 mg/L malathion and 0.1 g/L concentration of catalyst in carbon NAC, in the COP test for 50 minutes, the malathion removal performance was 62.9% in ozonation; 100% in catalytic ozonation, 22% in adsorbtion only, and 15.1% in the synergism effect. It showed the high removal efficiency of COP/NAC.
Physical Education
sajad karimi por; mahmood Fazel Bakhsheshi; shila Nayebi far
Volume 27, Issue 5 , November and December 2020, , Pages 700-707
Abstract
Introduction: Research has shown that various exercises may have different effects on serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). However, there is little information on the interactive effect of intense interval exercises through the effect on weight, body mass index, and waist to hip ...
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Introduction: Research has shown that various exercises may have different effects on serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). However, there is little information on the interactive effect of intense interval exercises through the effect on weight, body mass index, and waist to hip on BDNF. Hence, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of high-intensity interval training on serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and body composition of inactive male students. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 16 non-athlete male students from Sistan and Baluchestan University were divided into two groups of 8 as control and training through simple randomization. The training group, performed 6 weeks of high-intensity interval training, in a 20-meter shuttle run for 30 seconds with a 90 percent maximum heart rate and 30 seconds active rest between each repetition was performed. The control group did not perform activity. BDNF values were measured 24 hours before and 48 hours after the first and last training sessions of exercise using ELISA method by commercial kits. Data were analyzed using independent t-test and t-paired test at p≤0.05level. Results: In the present study, the findings showed that after 6 weeks, weight (p = 0.008) and body mass index (p = 0.005), decreased in high-intensity interval training group compared to control one, which was consistent with a significant increase in serum levels of BDNF (p = 0.031). While, none of the variables significantly changed in control group (p >0.05), in addition, there was a significant increase in serum contents of BDNFin HIIT group compared to control (p = 0.002). Conclusion: Regarding the parameters of study, it can be concluded that high-intensity interval training improve BDNF through reduction in weight and BMI in inactive male students.