Psychology
Sima Karbasian; Jafar Talebian; Mohmmad Saeed Abdkhodaee
Volume 26, Issue 5 , November and December 2019, , Pages 611-617
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Quality of Working Life is a critical concept with great importance in the life of an employee which shows an appropriate balance between work and personal life, ensuring or organizational productivity and employee’s job satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to determine ...
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Background and Purpose: Quality of Working Life is a critical concept with great importance in the life of an employee which shows an appropriate balance between work and personal life, ensuring or organizational productivity and employee’s job satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of group training of assertiveness on improvement in the quality of work life of Khatam-ol-Anbia hospital staff.Materials and Method: The method of this study is terms of purpose was applied and in term of data collection method was pseudo experimental and designed was pretest-posttest with control group. The sample of the study included 30 employees who were voluntary selected and randomly divided into control and experimental groups (each of them 15 people) .assertiveness skills were applied as the independent variable on the experimental group. The data collection tool was the Walton Quality of Work Life questionnaire. The Data were analyzed with analysis of covariance. Results: The results suggested that there is a difference between experimental and control groups after performing the intervention. In other words, the use of group training assertiveness has enhanced quality of work life among the employees in the post-test (p< 0.05).Conclusion: It seems quality of work life is an important issue in the Workplace. Organizations can use group training assertiveness and self-expression in order to improve the quality of work life and increase employees’ satisfaction.
Seyede Somaye Mirmoini; Salman Khazaei; Mehdi Kangavari; Maryam Afshari
Volume 23, Issue 4 , September and October 2016, , Pages 618-625
Abstract
Background Spirometry as a screening method for occupational lung diseases is frequently used. The main purpose of spirometry is the early diagnosis of lung function decline before emergence of clinical symptoms. This study aimed to determine parameters associated with spirometery of industrial workers ...
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Background Spirometry as a screening method for occupational lung diseases is frequently used. The main purpose of spirometry is the early diagnosis of lung function decline before emergence of clinical symptoms. This study aimed to determine parameters associated with spirometery of industrial workers admitted for employment examinations Tuyserkan City.Materials & Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 200 workers of various industries in Tuyserkan in fall 2013. This study was performed by referring to the city health department of Tuyserkan occupational health and doing spirometric tests with Spirolab II device and filling out questionnaires through interviews. Spirometry test has been confirmed by standards of American Thoracic Society. Data were analyzed using Stata 11.Results About 5.3% of men were in unsiutable condition in terms of their respiratory functions while this figure was 16.1% in women. The relationship between gender and respiratory status was statistically significant (P=0.03). With regard to the employment status and respiratory function of workers, 18% of of ordinary workers had unsuitable respiratory conditions. Spirometric patterns obtained from patients with respiratory problems revealed that 52.09% of them had complex pattern, 29.1% restrictive pattern and 22.8% obstructive pattern.Conclusion According to the results, performing pre-employment and periodic examinations, continuous monitoring by health professionals, and using appropriate personal protective equipment along with training for quitting smoking are essential.
Physical Education
Bentol Hoda asadi; mandana gholami; Hossein Abed Natanzi; nader shakeri
Volume 27, Issue 5 , November and December 2020, , Pages 664-671
Abstract
Introduction: Irisin is one of the skeletal muscle secreted myokine that can affect the growth of cancer cells and influence the muscular tissue changes. In the present study, the effect of four weeks continuous and interval exercise training on serum and muscular levels of irisin in breast cancer bearing ...
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Introduction: Irisin is one of the skeletal muscle secreted myokine that can affect the growth of cancer cells and influence the muscular tissue changes. In the present study, the effect of four weeks continuous and interval exercise training on serum and muscular levels of irisin in breast cancer bearing mice were investigated.
Materials and Methods: The 32 female Balb/c mice assigned in four group with eight mice including: healthy control, tumor control, interval training+tumor and continuous training+tumor groups. In order to induce breast cancer, MC4-L2 cell line were used. Interval and continuous exercise training program conducted in four weeks and five sessions per week. The 48 hours after last exercise training session, blood samples and gastrocnemius muscle tissue were isolated and used for measurement of irisin levels by ELISA method. Data analyze performed by one-way analysis of variance test and Tukey post-hock test and significant considered at p≤0.05.
Results: Significant increase of irisin serum levels in continuous (p=0.002) and interval (p=0.011) training group compared to tumor control group was observed. Tumor volume significantly decreased in continuous and interval training group (p>0.05), but not significant changes in gastrocnemius muscle weight observed after continuous and interval training (p>0.05).
Conclusion: According to present study findings, the observed antitumor effects of continuous and interval training can partly attribute to increase in irisin levels and there is no significant difference between continuous and interval exercise training
Physical Education
hasan parsa shkooh; Marziyeh Saghebjoo; Samad Nazemi; Mehdi Hedayati
Volume 25, Issue 5 , November and December 2018, , Pages 669-677
Abstract
The physical activity as a therapeutic tool is rapidly growing in the diabetic neuropathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of six weeks endurance training on the; superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and pain in sensoty roots of spinal cord of rats with diabetic neuropathy. fourty ...
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The physical activity as a therapeutic tool is rapidly growing in the diabetic neuropathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of six weeks endurance training on the; superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and pain in sensoty roots of spinal cord of rats with diabetic neuropathy. fourty rats (10 w; 230- 260 g) were study sample. Thirty rats, received interperitoneal injection of Sterptozotocin (STZ) solution (45 mg/kg, pH=4.5). Rats ranodmly assigned to three groups: diabetic continous training, diabetic interval training, diabetic control. ten rats were assigned in healthy control group. Training protocol was a six weeks aerobic training with 60- 70% VO2max treadmill run. 48 h after the last training session, the sensory part of spinal cord sampled. Data Analysed with Oneway Analysis of variance test (P
Psychology
Khadijeh Fouladvand
Volume 26, Issue 6 , March and April 2020, , Pages 727-737
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Although studies have examined the relationship between depression and self-efficacy with decision making, but the role of these factors has not been considered in choosing the type of decision making style. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the role ...
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Background and Objectives: Although studies have examined the relationship between depression and self-efficacy with decision making, but the role of these factors has not been considered in choosing the type of decision making style. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the role of depression and self-efficacy in predicting the decision making styles among adolescents.Materials and Methods: This research was a type of correlation. The statistical population of the study consisted of every high schools students in Lorestan province, Iran. 300 adolescents [155 boys, 145 girls] were selected through multiple cluster sampling method. The data were collected through Scott and Bruce decision making styles questionnaire (DMSQ), Kovacs and Beck children's depression inventory (CDI) and Muris self-efficacy questionnaire-children (SEQ-S). The obtained data were analyzed through Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. Results: The results of regression analysis indicated that the components of the depression and self-efficacy significantly predicted 32.5%, 29.9%, 3.5%, 17.2% and 9.5% of the variance of rational, intuitive, dependent, avoidance and spontaneous, respectively (p
Sodabeh Basak nejad; Maliheh Farahani
Volume 22, Issue 5 , November and December 2015, , Pages 773-779
Abstract
Background & Objectives: The attitude toward various events in life can effect on mental health. Having a child with special needs is one of the events that change the attitude and function of family. The current study aimed to evaluate the relationship between attitude toward the self, the world ...
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Background & Objectives: The attitude toward various events in life can effect on mental health. Having a child with special needs is one of the events that change the attitude and function of family. The current study aimed to evaluate the relationship between attitude toward the self, the world and the future and mental health in mothers of children with learning disability. Materials & Methods: The current study was a descriptive–correlation study. In this study 98 mothers who had a child with learning disability enrolled in two state and private schools in Ahvaz during academic year of 2014-2015 and assessed using an available sampling method. The survey data were collected through the general health questionnaire and cognitive triad inventory and then were analysed by statistical methods including Pearson correlation coefficient, regression analysis and statistical program of SPSS-16 in a 0.05 significant level. Results: The obtained means and standard deviations were 38.36 ± 7.24 for attitude toward the self, 31.29 ± 6.02 for attitude to the world, 37.14 ± 8.38 for attitude toward the future, and 27.07 ± 11.96 for total score of mental health. There was a significant negative relationship between the attitude toward the self, the world and the future with mental health. Conclusion: Stepwise multiple regression analysis illustrated that, among the cognitive attitudes, attitude toward the self can foresee 24 percent of the variance of mental health.
Aging
mahbobeh ziari; Amin Farzaneh hesari
Volume 27, Issue 6 , January and February 2021, , Pages 778-786
Abstract
Introduction: The Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist circumference (WC) are well-used anthropometric predictors for cardiovascular diseases (CDV). Recently, two new anthropometric indices, the A Body Shape Index (BSI) and Body Roundness Index (BRI) have been developed. The main research aim is to compare ...
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Introduction: The Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist circumference (WC) are well-used anthropometric predictors for cardiovascular diseases (CDV). Recently, two new anthropometric indices, the A Body Shape Index (BSI) and Body Roundness Index (BRI) have been developed. The main research aim is to compare BSI and BRI in healthy women and cardiovascular diseases and association between both with physical activity and anthropometric indices in middle-age and elderly women. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out on 269 people (136 healthy women and 133 CDV) aged 40 to 70. Physical activity level was measured with IPAQ-SE and Participants divided into seven groups, based on physical activity level and CDV: CDV, active CDV risk factors, moderate active CDV risk factors, low active CDV risk factors, active healthy, moderate active healthy and low active healthy. A variety of anthropometric parameters were measured and calculated, including BSI, BRI, WC, BMI, fat mass percentage (%FM). For analyzing the data, one-way ANOVA test and Pearson correlation coefficient was used. Results: Significant increase for BSI (p=0/036) and BRI were observed in CDV than active healthy. In CDV, the relationship between BSI with WHR (r=0/59), physical activity level (r=-0/36) and between BRI with BMI (r=0/83), WHR (r=0/59), %FM (r=0/65) and physical activity level (r=0/22) was significant. Conclusion: The present study indicated that BRI, BSI and WHR were significant higher in CDV than healthy women. In CDV, BRI and BSI correlated with more anthropometric measures. Received
Sajad Aminimanesh; Jafar Hasani; Mohammad Nikoosiar Jahromi; Mehdi Taheri; Hasan Rezaee Jamalooei
Abstract
Objectives Insomnia is one of the common disorders whose relationship with depression and anxiety is widely discussed. The current study aimed at investigating the epidemiology of insomnia and its relationship with depression and anxiety among male prisoners. Methods In the current study, 110 male prisoners ...
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Objectives Insomnia is one of the common disorders whose relationship with depression and anxiety is widely discussed. The current study aimed at investigating the epidemiology of insomnia and its relationship with depression and anxiety among male prisoners. Methods In the current study, 110 male prisoners were selected through the convenient sampling method. To collect data, Pittsburgh sleep quality index, Beck depression inventory, and Beck anxiety inventory were used. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient.Results Depression and anxiety had a significant relationship with insomnia (P<0.0001). The results of multiple regression analysis showed that depression and anxiety could predict the insomnia with 0.29 variance.Conclusion Given the high prevalence of insomnia among prisoners and its relationship with depression and anxiety, it seems necessary to provide psychological services to decrease insomnia and its underlying factors.
immunology & Biochemistry
Mahboobeh Razmkhah; Parisa Karimzadeh; Fatemeh Eghbali; Somayeh Rezaeifard; Zahra Faghih
Volume 25, Issue 6 , November and December 2018, , Pages 809-817
Abstract
Background: Colony stimulating factors (CSFs) are a group of diverse glycoproteins which induce and regulate proliferation and differentiation of hematogenic progenitors in the bone marrow. However, increasing evidence also shows that these factors can also affect and provoke proliferation of non-hematopoietic ...
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Background: Colony stimulating factors (CSFs) are a group of diverse glycoproteins which induce and regulate proliferation and differentiation of hematogenic progenitors in the bone marrow. However, increasing evidence also shows that these factors can also affect and provoke proliferation of non-hematopoietic cells including tumor cells. Therefore, we assessed Granulocyte (G-CSF), Monocyte (M-CSF) and Granulocyte-Monocyte (GM-CSF) colony stimulating factors the serum of breast cancer (BC) and their association with pathological and paraclinical factors of the disease.Materials and Methods: Sixty-two untreated patients with BC as well as 54 age-sex matched controls without any history of cancer and autoimmunity in themselves and their first degree relatives were enrolled. After assigning a consent form, 5 milliliters of peripheral blood were obtained and their serums were separated. The levels of growth factors were then checked by cytokine bead array methods. The data were analyzed by SPSS18 and P-values less than 0.05 were considered as significant.Results: The mean expression of G-CSF, M-CSF and GM-CSF was measured to be 14.18 ± 13.61, 6.11 ± 5.62 and 63.48 ±83.22 in the serum of BC patients, respectively. However, there was no significant difference between patients and controls (P>0.05), further analysis revealed that with increase in the stage of disease from I to III, the serum level of GM-CSF significantly elevated (P=0.016).Conclusion: The results collectively suggest an anti-tumorigenic role for GM-CSF in breast cancer, however, it needs to be confirmed in a more comprehensive studies with more sample size.
Mahdi Farzadkia; Leila Ghasemi; Ahmad Alah Abadi; Ayoob Rastegar
Abstract
Objectives Recycling is one of the methods to improve the management of solid waste, which has considerable economic and environmental benefits. Without knowing the amount of the waste and its components, the possibility of planning and optimizing the waste management system is impossible. The current ...
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Objectives Recycling is one of the methods to improve the management of solid waste, which has considerable economic and environmental benefits. Without knowing the amount of the waste and its components, the possibility of planning and optimizing the waste management system is impossible. The current study aimed at investigating the recycling potential of solid wastes in 13 municipal districts of Mashhad, Iran, quantitatively and qualitatively.Methods The current study was conducted in 2013 in 13 municipal districts of Mashhad. To conduct the study, it was necessary to know the physical analysis of municipal waste solid; therefore, the latest data of Waste Management Organization of Mashhad were used. Results The solid ingredients of the studied waste were paper and cardboard (46.7%), bread (10.8%), plastics (9.7%), metals (6.8%), and glasses (5%), respectively. There was a significant difference between the mean of the studied solid waste in winter and summer months. The total proceeds from the recycled materials was about US$ 369 836.45. The proceeds from the recycled metals was even more than that of other dry waste.Conclusion The recycled dry solid waste compromised 26.15% of the total dry solid waste. It is suggested to establish a waste separation system and also systematize the existing recycling industries in Mashhad according to the regulations to reduce the amount of solid waste, mange the costs and benefits result from Mashhad solid waste, and create new job opportunities and sources of income.
Physiology & Pharmacology
Sahar Heydari; Bahareh Amin; Akbar Pejhan; Seyed Jamal Mirmoosavi; Mohammad Mohammadzadeh
Volume 28, Issue 6 , January and February 2022, , Pages 911-922
Abstract
Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental syndrome with two main symptoms: repetitive behavior and social interaction disorder. Camel milk, due to its antioxidant, immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties maybe have beneficial effects on ASD.Materials ...
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Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental syndrome with two main symptoms: repetitive behavior and social interaction disorder. Camel milk, due to its antioxidant, immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties maybe have beneficial effects on ASD.Materials and Methods: Pregnant rats were injected intraperitoneally on day 12.5 of gestation with 500 mg/kg valproic acid. Then male neonatal rats were divided into five groups: Control group, valproic acid group, camel raw milk group + risperidone, and boiled camel milk group + risperidone. For the treatment period, rats have injected with risperidone (0.2 mg/kg) three times a week, and raw and boiled camel milk was given daily (10 ml/kg) for 42 days. Experiments of social interaction and repetitive behavior were measured at the beginning and end of the treatment period.Results: The offspring of mothers who received valproic acid had problems in social interactions, and sociability and social preference indexes were significantly reduced. Repetitive self-glooming behaviors also increased in VPA-rats. The treatment groups improved their social and repetitive behaviors after receiving camel milk and risperidone and were significantly different from the valproic acid and pre-treatment groups. Moreover, sociability and social preference indexes showed an increase after treatment with camel milk. Sociability index, social preference, social preference index, and repetitive behaviors before and after treatment between groups improved significantly (p <0.001) after treatment.Conclusion: Treatment with a camel milk diet improved the main behaviors of autism symptoms, such as social interactions and repetitive movements
Ali Mohammadpour; Samaneh Najafi; Jahanshir Tavakkolizadeh; Fatemeh Mohammadzadeh
Volume 22, Issue 6 , January and February 2016, , Pages 999-1007
Abstract
Background: In pregnancy period, mothers experience many changes psychologically. Self-concept as one of the factors affecting the mental states, in present cares of pregnancy becomes less than attention. Present study was implemented in order to the effect of intervention this model on personal self-concept ...
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Background: In pregnancy period, mothers experience many changes psychologically. Self-concept as one of the factors affecting the mental states, in present cares of pregnancy becomes less than attention. Present study was implemented in order to the effect of intervention this model on personal self-concept in primi gravida women. Materials and Methods: In this randomized controlled field trial, Research Sample consisted of 83 primi gravida women that were selected by simple random sampling and were assigned in groups of intervention (42 persons) and control (41persons) through block permutation method. Intervention group received the educational supportive intervention consisted of training sessions and psychological counseling planned based on model over 4 weeks. For assessing the level of adaptation in personal self-concept mode, a valid and reliable questionnaire was used. Data was analyzed by means of SPSS software and using descriptive statistics and tests of analytic statistics were analyzed. P<0/05 was considered significant. Results: Adaptation scores in personal self-mode in both groups before intervention respectively were 38.26±7.56 and 40.73±8.21 and their comparison had not significant statistically difference while after intervention scores in two groups respectively were 30.69±4.46 and 41.29±8.40 that their comparison showed a significant difference. Conclusion: Using of designed program based on "Roy" model, as an effective and low cost intervention, can increase prim -gravida women's adaptation in self- concept mode. Therefore the implementation of this pattern besides in this period is recommended.
Mohammad Khandan; Alireza Koohpaei; Vajihe Mobinizadeh
Volume 24, Issue 1 , March and April 2017, , Pages 63-70
Abstract
Background & Objectives: One of the most important applications of psychological research is problem solving in the safety challenges field. Based on the role of emotional intelligence (EI) in mental health and prevention of unsafe behaviors, and to promote workforce's health, this study aimed to ...
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Background & Objectives: One of the most important applications of psychological research is problem solving in the safety challenges field. Based on the role of emotional intelligence (EI) in mental health and prevention of unsafe behaviors, and to promote workforce's health, this study aimed to survey relationship between emotional intelligence with general health and safety behavior (BS) in an industry, in 2014. Materials & Methods:In a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study, all operational employees working at a publication industry were included. Demographics, Goldberg general health-28, and Bradberry-Greaves questionnaires and a safety behavior checklist were tools to gather data. Statistical analysis of Pearson correlation was used to data evaluation by SPSS V22. Results: Mean EI test score was calculated which was equal to 122.2±15.7. Also, total score of staffs' general health was reported as 50.4±10.4. 646 out 800 of behaviors that were assessed in present study were safe (80.8%). There was a significant relationship between EI (self-management component) and general health with correlation coefficient equal to -0.3. Also, depression with correlation coefficient equal to -0.334 was related to EI significantly (P<0.05). Further data revealed that there was significant and severe (0.8) relationship between EI (Social awareness component) with safe behaviors. Also, EI was not in significant relation with safety behavior (P<0.05). Conclusion:The findings of this study collectively indicated that subjects had not an acceptable situation for mental factors such as depression. However the results confirmed an essential role of EI in perceiving general health and preventing employees of negative behaviors. Based on this fact that education can improve EI, design an integrated package for EI development of employees was recommended strongly.
Nursing
Hajar Sadeghi; Mahmoud Hoseinzade; Masoud Bahrami; Fatemeh Mehrabi; Reza forozan
Volume 24, Issue 6 , March and April 2018, , Pages 71-79
Abstract
Introduction: The death anxiety is defined as the fear of your death and others’. Being aware of death is inescapable the anxiety beside that leads to different behaviors and the health care workers are exposed to this kind of anxiety more than others. Especially when a sudden and unexpected death ...
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Introduction: The death anxiety is defined as the fear of your death and others’. Being aware of death is inescapable the anxiety beside that leads to different behaviors and the health care workers are exposed to this kind of anxiety more than others. Especially when a sudden and unexpected death occurs and a wide obvious malfunction is seen in the emergency department staffs. Study examined the factors associated with death anxiety in students of medical emergencies and emergency technicians performed. Methods: The cross-sectional study was done on157students in Sabzevar, 75 emergency technicians and 82 emergency medical students. Sampling was done using enumeration and gathering information took place by a two-part questionnaire including demographic characteristics and factors affecting on the level of death anxiety and Templer’s standard questionnaire of death anxiety. The data was analyzed by Spss statistics software using T-test, correlation and regression. Results: The results showed that there’s a significant difference(P=0/000)between the medical emergency students’ mean score of death anxiety (6/2 ± 41/24) and the emergency technicians (7.6 ± 27/26). The mean score has also a significant statistical relationship with the students’ marital status, employment status, educational certification, age and occupation (student / technician) (P=0/000) but in emergency technicians, the mean score didn’t have a significant statistical relationship with the parents’s (P<0/088), being interested in the major, the number of work shifts and missions (P<0/123). Conclusion:
Physical Education
Mohammad Ali Gharaat; Majid Kashef; Leila Eidi Abarghani; Mohsen Sheykhlouvand
Volume 27, Issue 1 , May and June 2020, , Pages 73-81
Abstract
Scope: According to the role of beta-alanine in buffering, this study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic beta-alanine ingestion on rowing performance.Materials & Methods: Twenty-four elite male rowers (age:23.4 ±3.3 years, height: 186.1± 7.9 cm, body fat percentage: 8.9 ± ...
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Scope: According to the role of beta-alanine in buffering, this study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic beta-alanine ingestion on rowing performance.Materials & Methods: Twenty-four elite male rowers (age:23.4 ±3.3 years, height: 186.1± 7.9 cm, body fat percentage: 8.9 ± 2.1) randomly divided into beta-alanine (40 milligrams. Kilogram-1 body weight per day), placebo (dextrose) or no-supplement for 21 days (n=8). After evaluating Volume of O2 maximum (VO2max) and velocity in VO2max (vVO2max), test of 6 min rowing ergometer for assessing mean power output, mean velocity in 6 minutes rowing maximum (vRmax) and Time at vRmax (TvRmax), and test of 6min ergo rowing with 90% of vRmax were executed in a pre- posttest procedure Power output (P), time to exhaustion (TvRmax), lactate concentration (LA) and heart rate (HR) were recorded from ergo rowing. For analysisng the outputs, ANOVA was utilized. Findings: Significant differences were shown in power output in 6 min@24str, vRmax (p= 0.00), TvRmax and LA in Post-test between beta-alanine and placebo or control (P= 0.00 and P= 0.04 respectively). Conclusion: It can be concluded that ingesting beta-alanine might delay lactate accumulation and increases time to exhaustion in rowing performance.
Raziyeh saadat Hosseini; Raha Salehabadi; Raheleh Javanbakhtian; Masomeh Alijanpour Aghamaleki; Vahid Reza Borhani nejad; Vahid Pakpour
Volume 23, Issue 1 , May and June 2016, , Pages 75-83
Abstract
Background: In Iran, as in many developing countries, a report that reflects the impact of different cultures on the elderly abuse does not exist. Therefore this study conducted to compare elderly abuse and related factors in groups of Persian and Turk in Chahatmahal Bakhtiari province. Materials & ...
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Background: In Iran, as in many developing countries, a report that reflects the impact of different cultures on the elderly abuse does not exist. Therefore this study conducted to compare elderly abuse and related factors in groups of Persian and Turk in Chahatmahal Bakhtiari province. Materials & Methods: This descriptive-comparative study was carried out on 400 elderly people in Chahatmahal Bakhtiari province. Sampling method was random. The researcher visiting several parks and places which elderly people were eligible for the study and Elder Abuse Questionnaires were completed. For analyzing the data, descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results: Finding showed that 17.14% of participants have experienced at least one type of abuse, which 35.9% was physical abuse, 15.9% verbal-psychological abuse, 16% Nonverbal abuse, 10/1% self-neglect, 4.5% others neglect, 23.3% experience of rejection from others, and 14.3% financial abuse. All types of abuse in both Persian and Turkish groups were significantly different. Conclusion: Despite our cultural emphasis on respecting to the elderly people, they experience various forms of abuses. Therefore, understanding their abuse and related factors can promote the awareness and sensitivity of community and related organizations which finally prevents this health problem.
Aging
zahra javanvash; maryam mojdekanloo; sedighe rastaghi; Mostafa Rad
Volume 25, Issue 1 , May and June 2018, , Pages 75-82
Abstract
Background: Improving the quality of life in heart patients is the main objective of health improvement programs. Self-management education programs, the most important ways to improve and improving health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of self-management 5 A on the quality of life ...
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Background: Improving the quality of life in heart patients is the main objective of health improvement programs. Self-management education programs, the most important ways to improve and improving health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of self-management 5 A on the quality of life of elderly patients with acute coronary syndrom.Methods: This clinical trial, two groups that 54 elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome patients admitted patients in the cardiology ward and CCU Imam Reza Hospital in Bojnourd for available selected and The method of permutation blocks into two groups (27 patients) and control (27), respectively. The intervention group self-management programs were based 5A. The control group received routine hospital. The instrument used in this study are lipad quality of life questionnaire. in the first and two months after the study was completed in two groups. Data using SPSS 20 software and Chi-square and Wilcoxon tests were analyzed with repeated measures analysis(p= 0/78).Results: The findings showed that most of patients were female, married and uneducated. The mean age of patients 66/18 ± 4/68 years. The mean scores in all aspects of quality of life was higher in the intervention group after completion of the study. But statistically significant difference was not observed.Conclusion: This study demonstrated the effectiveness of self-management program 5A model on quality of life of elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome in the study period was not.
Physiology & Pharmacology
Mohsen Mahmoudi mirhashemi; Seyed Pezhman Shirmardi; Ali Negarestani; Mostafa Erfani
Volume 26, Issue 1 , March and April 2019, , Pages 81-87
Abstract
Introduction: Radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine have several applications in medicine such as diagnostic and therapeutic.Radiopharmaceuticals with gamma emitter radionuclides are used more in diagnostics. It is due to the low absorption of gamma gamma in the tissue relative to the particles of ...
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Introduction: Radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine have several applications in medicine such as diagnostic and therapeutic.Radiopharmaceuticals with gamma emitter radionuclides are used more in diagnostics. It is due to the low absorption of gamma gamma in the tissue relative to the particles of beta and alpha. The aim of this research is calculation of effective dose distribution in human body due to injection of 99mTc-Octrotide radiopharmaceuticals (Somatostatine analogue) in mice body.Materials & methods: Effective dose in human body is estimated using MIRD (Medical Internal Radiation dose) phantom and MCNPX for different organs. Energy of gamma source and tally type are considered 140keV and F6 respectively. Findings: Effective dose after injection of 99mTc- Octreotide is estimated by MCNPX simulation code. The adrenals and pancreas received the most effective dose relative to the other organs 6mSv/185MBq, 1.5 mSv/185MBq respectively. Discussion and conclusion: The results showed that the adrenal and the pancreas are the organs of at risk in 99mTc-Octreotide radiopharmaceutical imaging.
Abolfazel Mossavi; Mohammad Armin; Hashem Akhlaghi
Volume 28, Issue 1 , January and February 2021, , Pages 83-88
Abstract
Introduction: Typical nanoparticle synthesis methods have disadvantages such as poor structure, low production rate, high production cost and high energy requirement. Therefore, today the tendency to use plant resources as one of the most suitable methods of nanoparticle synthesis is taken into consideration ...
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Introduction: Typical nanoparticle synthesis methods have disadvantages such as poor structure, low production rate, high production cost and high energy requirement. Therefore, today the tendency to use plant resources as one of the most suitable methods of nanoparticle synthesis is taken into consideration by researcher attention. Foeniculum vulgare is one of the most important medicinal plants in Iran that has the potential to synthesize nanoparticles from its seed or shoot extracts. In this study, the possibility of green synthesis of zero iron nanoparticles using fennel seed extracts was investigated. Materials and Methods: In this study, seed extract was used to synthesize green nanoparticles of iron particles.The antioxidant properties and the total amount of phenolic compounds of seed extract and extract containing nano-iron particles were determined. Structural analysis of iron nanoparticles was performed using scanning electron microscopy. Results: The formation of iron nanoparticles was confirmed by changing the color of the solution from yellow to brown. Both in the extract containing the seeds and in the extract containing iron nanoparticles, antioxidant properties were observed and adding iron nanoparticles increased the antioxidant properties of fennel. Structural analysis of iron nanoparticles using scanning electron microscopy showed that the shape of spherical particles and its dimensions are 200 nm. Conclusion: The results of this experiment showed that the fennel seed extract can be used to synthesize nanoscale zero-valent iron particles, and increasing the Zero nanoparticles increases its antioxidant properties. Received
Microbiology
Aidin Azizpour
Volume 29, Issue 1 , May and June 2022, , Pages 101-114
Abstract
Background: Increasing antibiotic resistance of bacteria, especially Escherichia coli, is currently a global health problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the drug resistance pattern of E coli strains isolated from broiler poultry of Ardabil city to common twenty antibiotics in the Iran.Materials ...
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Background: Increasing antibiotic resistance of bacteria, especially Escherichia coli, is currently a global health problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the drug resistance pattern of E coli strains isolated from broiler poultry of Ardabil city to common twenty antibiotics in the Iran.Materials and Methods: Five carcasses were randomly selected from 24 broiler flocks with clinical signs of colibacillosis and sampled from liver and heart using sterile swabs. After culture and isolation, colonies were identified by biochemical and serological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion method based on CLSI guidelines with antibiotics from various groups.Results: From 120 samples examined, E. coli was isolated in 111 cases (92.5%). The highest antibiotic resistance was in tetrayclin (100%), chlortetracycline (100%), nalidixic acid (100%), oxytetracycline (97.30%), flomequine (94.60%), tylosin (86.47%), difloxacin (83.78%), doxycycline(82.89%), neomycine (81.08%), and sulphamethoxazole+ terimethoprime (74.77%), respectively. The most sensitivity was seen in antibiotics ceftifour (100%), cefixime (89.19%), gentamicin (80.19%) and lincospectin (72.07%), respectively. Multiple antibiotic resistance was in all isolates.Conclusions: The results of this study show the highest rate of drug resistance was observed to common antibiotics in the Iranian poultry industry. This can be due to excessive use of antibiotics in poultry farms. These findings are important for public health and health of human societies.Key words: Escherichia coli, multiple antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial susceptibility testing
Educational
Nasrin Mircholi; Reza dihim
Volume 27, Issue 2 , July and August 2020, , Pages 202-209
Abstract
Background and objective: The current study aimed to design and explain the communication model of ISO role in human resource education quality.Materials and Methods: This study was cross-sectional (quantitative and qualitative) that was done via Grounded theory. The statistical population of the study ...
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Background and objective: The current study aimed to design and explain the communication model of ISO role in human resource education quality.Materials and Methods: This study was cross-sectional (quantitative and qualitative) that was done via Grounded theory. The statistical population of the study in the qualitative section included professors and experts (n=10) who were selected by purposive sampling method and in the quantitative section, the statistical population was all employees of Tehran Amir al-momenin Hospital (n=370) in the year 2019 that based on the Cochran formula, 226 people were selected by random sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire on the quality of human resources education (40 items). The face and content validity of the instrument was confirmed by experts and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha method. The data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling via PLS software.Findings: The results showed that the quality of human resources education had five components of educational needs analysis, curriculum design, and implementation of the training process, evaluation of the training process and monitoring of the training process.Conclusion: In this model, the mentioned components had the most impact on the quality of human resources education with 11.83%, 8.79%, 7.84%, 6.72% and 6.72% variance, respectively. Also, the components were able to explain 77.70% of the variance in the quality of human resources training and had a good fit model.
Physiology & Pharmacology
Edris Sharifi; Hossein Khastar; behzad gharmabi; Vida Hojati; Mehdi Khaksari
Volume 28, Issue 2 , May and June 2021, , Pages 222-231
Abstract
Introduction: Methamphetamine is a powerful stimulant of the central nervous system Methamphetamine abuse can impair cognitive function and damage the nervous system. Recent studies have shown that methamphetamine result in neuronal damage through several ways such as increased free radicals and oxidative ...
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Introduction: Methamphetamine is a powerful stimulant of the central nervous system Methamphetamine abuse can impair cognitive function and damage the nervous system. Recent studies have shown that methamphetamine result in neuronal damage through several ways such as increased free radicals and oxidative stress, accelerated cell death, and apoptosis. In addition, there are many studies and evidence of antiinflammatory, anti-apoptotic and antioxidant effects of palmatine on various types of neurological diseases. Therefore, this study was designed to help prove the function of palmatine neurotransmitter protection against neurotoxic activity of methamphetamine.
Materials and Methods: Methamphetamine neurotoxicity was induced by 40 mg/kg of METH in four intraperitoneally (IP) injections (e.g., 4×10 mg/kg q. 2-h, IP.). Palmatine (50,100 mg/kg) was administered at 30- min, 24-h, and 48 h after the final injection of METH. Spatial memory test was evaluated by Morris water maze then the brains were removed for Nissl staining to assess necrosis neuronal death within the hippocampal CA1 area.
Results: Behavioral tests shows that palmatine treatment could significantly improve spatial memory deficits and learning (P<0.05) versus the METH group. Moreover, palmatine could significantly reduce necrosis cell death (P<0.05) in CA1 area of hippocampus.
Conclusion: According to the findings, palmatine improve memory and learning function in rats by reducing cell death
Psychology
Faeze Delghandi; Nosrat Riahi Nia; Parvin Kadivar; Gholamreza Sarami
Volume 26, Issue 2 , July and August 2019, , Pages 233-245
Abstract
Objectives:The objective of research is to use meta-analysis for bibliotherapy on anxiety and depression disorders for children and adolescent in recent ten years in Iran and abroad.The aim was to combine the results of different researches and extract new and comprehensive results and calculate the ...
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Objectives:The objective of research is to use meta-analysis for bibliotherapy on anxiety and depression disorders for children and adolescent in recent ten years in Iran and abroad.The aim was to combine the results of different researches and extract new and comprehensive results and calculate the effect sizes.Also the research studied that how much the type of dependent variables and different moderators could be effectiveMaterials and Methods:In this study, meta-analysis was considered as a statistical technique for determining,collecting,combining and summarizing the finding that relates to the effect of bibliotherapy in children and adolescent.The population of the present meta-analysis was preceding studies in the field of bibiotherapy and was the all scientific papers published in academic journals,scientific conferences and thesis in the 10-year period (1394-1384) by the subject of bibliotherapy.The papers must be available in different database and have the necessary condition.According to Inclusion criteria of study,14 work by 20 effect size get.To calculate the effect size,CMA software version 2 was usedResults:Findings showed that overall effect size was 0.423 that is average according to the table of Cohen.The finding of this meta-analysis is compliance with previous studies that shows bibliotherapy is an effective and efficient approach for treating and helping to treat disorders and preventing and development of children and adolescent. Findings also showed that moderators like type of therapist, contact to therapist are not very effectiveConclusion:The effectiveness of bibliotherapy for children and adolescent is average and could be used as a treatment method for depression and anxiety disorders
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
Parisa Kerishchi; sayeh Bidaran
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, , Pages 241-250
Abstract
Introduction: Study of Factors affecting regulation and modulation cytokine balance is particularly important in order to inhibit the growth and spread of breast cancer cells in women. In this study the effect of Allium cepa to inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells in female BALB/c mice who have ...
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Introduction: Study of Factors affecting regulation and modulation cytokine balance is particularly important in order to inhibit the growth and spread of breast cancer cells in women. In this study the effect of Allium cepa to inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells in female BALB/c mice who have been patient by induction of cell line 4T1 were investigated.Materials and Methods: In this study have been used of the mice, BALB /c female with breast cancer by injection of mouse cell line 4T1. In each group: Normal control, morbid without treatment (sham) and the experimental group (at the same time induction, were receiving onion root extract food rations) were randomly 8 mice. Daily after washing, dewatering roots red onion (Allium cepa) and fed oral for once a day each of the mouse in the experimental group .1 ml/100gBW/day. The mice are placed under deep anesthesia7 weeks after Induced cell line 4T1. During the seven weeks the mice were weighed every other day .Tumor volume was measured by caliper following the formation of the tumor until the end of the seventh week. The tumor weighed after removal from the body. Spleen removed and was placed in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10%, FBS and ELISA tests were performed to measure the IFN-γ and IL-4 levels. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 18). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess differences between groups and Tukey's test was used in order to determine the significance of differences between groups.
Physical Education
Iman Asishirazi; Seyed Ali Hosseini; Farideh Keikhosravi
Volume 24, Issue 4 , July and August 2017, , Pages 273-279
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Prevalence of diabetes is increasing in worldwide and because of unfavorable effects of pharmaceutical drugs, there is a clear need to very few side effects therapeutic methods such as medicinal plants consumption and exercises. Aim of present study was to review the hypoglycemic ...
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Background & Objectives: Prevalence of diabetes is increasing in worldwide and because of unfavorable effects of pharmaceutical drugs, there is a clear need to very few side effects therapeutic methods such as medicinal plants consumption and exercises. Aim of present study was to review the hypoglycemic interactional effects of saffron (crocus sativus) extract and swimming training in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.
Methods: In this experimental research from 50 sprague dawley diabetic rats which induced by 60 mg/kg streptozotocin, 32 rats with more than 300 mg/dL fasting glucose selected as statistical sample and base on their fasting glucose divided into four groups of 8 rats (1) saffron extract, (2) swimming training, (3) saffron extract with swimming training and (4) control. Groups 1 and 3 received four weeks intraperitoneal25 mg/kg saffron extract. Also, groups 2 and 3 swam four weeks, five sessions per week for 30 minutes per-session. For statistical analysis of data used Kolmogorov-Smirnov, dependent t test, one way ANOVA and tukey post hoc tests (p≤0.05).
Results: Four weeks swimming training has significant effect on reduction fasting glucose of diabetic rats (p=0.04). Four weeks saffron extract has significant effect on reduction fasting glucose (p=0.02), insulin (p=0.001) and insulin resistance (p=0.001) of diabetic rats. Four weeks saffron extract with swimming training has significant effect on reduction fasting glucose, insulin and insulin resistance of diabetic rats (p=0.001). Saffron extract with swimming training rather than swimming training has significant effect on reduction fasting glucose, insulin and insulin resistance of diabetic rats (p=0.001) also, four weeks saffron extract rather than swimming training has significant effect on reduction insulin and insulin resistance of diabetic rats (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Regards to results of present study, it concluded that saffron aqua extract with swimming training has hypoglycemic interactional effects in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.