Nursing
parvaneh mahmoudi kouhi; seyed ali naji
Volume 25, Issue 1 , May and June 2018, , Pages 69-74
Abstract
Introduction: The relationship between managers' thinking style and their accepting change can be challenging for nurse managers in health centers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation between the operational nurse managers' thinking style and accepting change in educational hospitals ...
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Introduction: The relationship between managers' thinking style and their accepting change can be challenging for nurse managers in health centers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation between the operational nurse managers' thinking style and accepting change in educational hospitals of Isfahan University of medical sciences in 2015.Methods and Materials: This research is quantitative and correlation study. A sample with 146 individuals of statistical population was selected from nurse managers worked in educational hospitals of Isfahan University of medical sciences. Data were collected from the research samples by using the assessment index of Sternberg thinking style and Robert Heller questionnaire for determining the acceptance rate of change. Collected data was analyzes, using SPSS 19.Results: Results have shown that the executive thinking style was the prominent thinking style among the nurse managers. In terms of "change acceptance", the average score was 97.8±13.25. Calculated correlation between different levels of thinking styles and change acceptance by the managers has indicated that there is a significant correlation between the levels of executive, judicial and legislative thinking styles with the change acceptance.Discussion and conclusion: According to direct relationship between the levels of executive, judicial and legislative thinking styles with the change acceptance this result can be achieved that managers with this three mentioned thinking styles have stronger thinking and are mare prepared to accept changes. This relationship is more prominent for judicial thinking style.
immunology & Biochemistry
Jasmin Kharazmi-Khorassani; Ahmad Asoodeh
Volume 28, Issue 1 , January and February 2021, , Pages 69-81
Abstract
Introduction: Thymosin alpha-1 (zadaxin) a 28-amino acid peptide, which was first identified in the calf thymus. This peptide is a biological modifier which leads to activation of various cells of the immune system. In the recent years, thymosin alpha-1 has been studied in in vitro and in vitro studies ...
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Introduction: Thymosin alpha-1 (zadaxin) a 28-amino acid peptide, which was first identified in the calf thymus. This peptide is a biological modifier which leads to activation of various cells of the immune system. In the recent years, thymosin alpha-1 has been studied in in vitro and in vitro studies to evaluate its biological activities and therapeutic applications. Materials and Methods: This study was done to summarize findings from the biological and clinical applications of thymosin alpha-1 peptide. We searched at the sites of Google, Google Scholar and PubMed over 1966-2019 using Thymosin alpha-1, Immunomodulatory, Cancer, Hepatitis and AIDS as keywords. Results: The results showed that thymosin alpha-1 interacts with Tolllike receptors (TLR) and brings about to activation of some intracellular pathways that ultimately stimulate the immune system by modulating cytokine production, enhancing T-cell and dendritic cells. The peptide also shows antitumor activity and a protective role against oxidative damage by increasing the level of antioxidant enzymes. Clinical studies with thymosin alpha-1 have been shown a broad effective application against many infectious diseases, including hepatitis B and C and AIDS. In addition, thymosin alpha-1 is considered as a promising and adjunctive approach for subjects suffering from some cancers such as hepatocellular carcinoma and melanoma. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the multiple biological properties of thymosin alpha-1. However, further studies are needed to understand the mechanism of action of thymosin alpha-1.
Nursing
SOMAYE SETOUDEH; MINOO motaghi; m Mousavi
Volume 26, Issue 1 , March and April 2019, , Pages 73-80
Abstract
Introduction & Objective: Sexual satisfaction is a key factor in the quality of life of individuals. Better physical state, mental health, general welfare related on the sexual satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to determine the sexual satisfaction in women referring to comprehensive health ...
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Introduction & Objective: Sexual satisfaction is a key factor in the quality of life of individuals. Better physical state, mental health, general welfare related on the sexual satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to determine the sexual satisfaction in women referring to comprehensive health centers in Mashhad in 2017. Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytic study. The research population consisted of 300 women who referred to comprehensive health centers of Mashhad in 1396 who were selected by available sampling method. Data gathering tool was a standard Golombbog-rightist sexual satisfaction questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed in previous studies. Data analysis using SPSS. 16 and descriptive and inferential statistics were performed with a significant level of 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval. Results: According to the results of the study, there was a significant relationship between sexual satisfaction with income variables, type of home and living with whom (p-Value
Aging
Seyedeh Mahboubeh Hosseini Zare; Abolghasem Pourreza; Parvaneh Esfahani; Kianoush Abdi
Volume 29, Issue 1 , May and June 2022, , Pages 88-100
Abstract
Abstract: Objective: Since participation in leisure activities improves the physical and mental health of the elderly, in this study, the leisure patterns of the elderly are explained and analyzed to reveal the problems, needs and barriers of leisure for policy makers.Materials & Methods: This qualitative ...
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Abstract: Objective: Since participation in leisure activities improves the physical and mental health of the elderly, in this study, the leisure patterns of the elderly are explained and analyzed to reveal the problems, needs and barriers of leisure for policy makers.Materials & Methods: This qualitative study was conducted by using conventional content analysis. 21 elderly people over 60 years old were selected based on purposive sampling with maximum diversity and data were collected through semi-structured interviews and continued till data saturation was occurred in 2019. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the data, four criteria of acceptability, reliability, transmission capability and the capability of the proposed approval of Goba and Lincoln were used.Results: three main themes of the study were included of leisure activities, barriers to participation in leisure activities and factors affecting leisure. The eight main categories of "recreation", "sport", "social interaction", "rest", "artistic activity", "cultural activity", "media" and "religious beliefs" were extracted from the data analysis. The most common leisure activities for the elderly were watching television, hiking, going to parks and mosques. The most important barriers to non-participation in leisure activities were economic problems, disability and lack of access.Conclusion: Due to the most common leisure activities in the elderly and barriers to non-participation in leisure activities, the provision of recreational, educational and religious programs by responsible institutions and organizations and their availability can provide welfare and health of the elderly.
Mitra Eldaghi
Volume 24, Issue 2 , May and June 2017, , Pages 145-147
Abstract
A 14 month old infant was referred to a vaseei Hospital from badkhoran village (a rural area of Sabzewar city) due to hematemesis and melena from 3 days ago. On arrival he was pale and ill looking with active bleeding from the mouth. The bleeding persisted in spite of active management with gastric ...
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A 14 month old infant was referred to a vaseei Hospital from badkhoran village (a rural area of Sabzewar city) due to hematemesis and melena from 3 days ago. On arrival he was pale and ill looking with active bleeding from the mouth. The bleeding persisted in spite of active management with gastric lavage, intravenous omperazol, Vit K injection, FFP and blood transfusion. Physical examination and Emergency lab dates were negative for special etiologic findings. The patient re examined and a leech attached to the posterior pharyngeal wall was detected. The bleeding stopped soon after the removal of the leech and the patient was discharged from the hospital in good condition.
Mahmoud Mohammadyan; zahra darzi azadboni; reza ali mohammadpour tahmtan; Razieh Yousefi nejad
Volume 27, Issue 2 , July and August 2020, , Pages 193-199
Abstract
Abstract:Background and purpose: More than 2 million people are exposed to wood dusts every day around the world. Exposure to wood dust increases the prevalence of respiratory diseases and cancer incidence. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the risk assessment of workers exposure to inhalable ...
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Abstract:Background and purpose: More than 2 million people are exposed to wood dusts every day around the world. Exposure to wood dust increases the prevalence of respiratory diseases and cancer incidence. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the risk assessment of workers exposure to inhalable wood dust in the carpentries in Sari City.Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study conducted in 27 carpentries in Sari City in septumber, October and November ,2017. 43 workers were selected randomly. Inhalable wood dust were measured in the basis of the standard method number 0500 recommended by NIOSH using a calibrated personal sampling pump and an IOM sampler. The risk of exposure to wood dust then was measured using a recommended method by Singapore institute of occupational safety and health. Result: The average concentration of the inhalable wood dust in total carpentries was 15.30( mg)/m^3 and also in carpentries , MDF cutting, MDF/Carpentry, wood cutting, furniture making and wood carving workshops were 18.58±11.94, 19.49±17.3,8.32±7.5,10.48±6.05,3.44±3.98,4.77±0 mg/m^3 respectively. There was a significant correlation between the concentration of inhalable wood dust and the ambient temperature and the general ventilation. The risk of Exposure to inhalable wood dust were evaluated in the medium levels for all workshops. Conclusion: The workers’ personal exposure to inhalable wood dust in carpentries in sari city was higher than Occupational Exposure Limit recommended by national and international recommended levels. The higher workers’ exposure to inhalable wood dust was found in lower ambient temperature and in the absence of general ventilation.
Nursing
Moossa Sajjadi; Ali Mohammadpour; Mahsa Mahmoudi
Volume 24, Issue 3 , July and August 2017, , Pages 205-210
Abstract
Background: Some of the problems of patients with cancer are non-adhering to treatment and uncertainty in illness, which are affected by psychological issues and different patient characteristics. So by paying clinical attention to these factors, prognosis and ultimately the quality of life can ...
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Background: Some of the problems of patients with cancer are non-adhering to treatment and uncertainty in illness, which are affected by psychological issues and different patient characteristics. So by paying clinical attention to these factors, prognosis and ultimately the quality of life can be improved.This study was aimed to determine correlation between uncertainty in illness, demographic and clinical factors with adherence to treatment in patients with cancer.
Materials and Methods:This is a correlation study done on 150 patients with cancer referred to Qaem and Omid hospitals of Mashhad. Sampling was based on accessible model and according to criteria of study. The data were collected by using demographic, Michel 's uncertainty in illness and MARS adherence to treatment questionnaire, then analyzed by SPSS version 21,descriptive statistics and statistical tests of Pearson, Spearman and multiple regression with P value<0/05.
Results:The results showed there is a significant negative correlation between uncertainty in illness and adherence to treatment(r=-0 /367, p<0/001).The multiple regression analyzed uncertainty in illness, metastasis, location, age and income patients as predictors of adherence to treatment so that 46% of its variance is explained by these variables.
Conclusion: Because of significant correlation between uncertainty in illness and adherence to treatment with significant predictive capability of uncertainty in illness for adherence to treatment, nurses and health care providers with reducer strategies of uncertainty in illness can improve adherence to treatment and ultimately quality of care and life in these patients.
Health and environment
alireza mohammad zadeh; rogheye hojjatpanah; Seyed Ali Sajjadi; jalal mardaneh; Nezami Hossein; Mehdi Ghasemi
Volume 28, Issue 2 , May and June 2021, , Pages 214-221
Abstract
Introduction: Nosocomial infections are one of the most important problems in hospitals and medical centers which cause loss of economic resources increased length of stay in hospitals and mortality. Correct and appropriate use of antiseptic and disinfectants play an important role in reducing infections. ...
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Introduction: Nosocomial infections are one of the most important problems in hospitals and medical centers which cause loss of economic resources increased length of stay in hospitals and mortality. Correct and appropriate use of antiseptic and disinfectants play an important role in reducing infections. In this study the efficacy of the Current Disinfectants on Bacteria Isolated from Different Wards of an Educational Hospital has been studied.
Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 245 samples were taken from different wards of Allameh Behlul Hospital in Gonabad. Samples were taken before and after disinfection with disinfectants of Deconnex AF50, Peranacide M1, microzed GPH and Sarphosepte Quicks. Samples were cultured on special culture media and identified by biochemical tests and the number of colonies was determined. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon statistical test.
Results: In the present study, microbial contamination of different sections showed that the most gram -positive bacteria were isolated included Staphylococcus epidermidis, and the most Gram -negative bacteria were isolated included, Escherichia coli. Mean before and after disinfection in deconox and microzed disinfection was significantly different in all parts (P <0.05). For peranaside disinfection in Internal and NICU sections, and in ICU and Maternity before and after There was no significant difference in disinfection (P> 0/05).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that Deconex and Microzed were among the most effective disinfectants. Peranaside disinfectant in the maternity and NICU sections, and the Sarphosepte Quicks were also less effective in the Internal and ICU sections, but had good efficacy in other sections.
Health and environment
Alireza Rahmani; Mostafa Leili; Jamal Mehralipor; Marzihe bagheri; Amir shabanloo; sonia chavoshi
Volume 26, Issue 2 , July and August 2019, , Pages 225-232
Abstract
Background: The use of (advanced oxidation processes) AOPs, due to have high performance in degradation of organic compounds is growing. Combined use of electrical current and sulfate free radical creates a synergy effect on removal of pollutant. The aim of this study was to evaluation the performance ...
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Background: The use of (advanced oxidation processes) AOPs, due to have high performance in degradation of organic compounds is growing. Combined use of electrical current and sulfate free radical creates a synergy effect on removal of pollutant. The aim of this study was to evaluation the performance of activated per sulfate by the electrochemical method with copper – iron electrodes for removal of Aniline from aqueous solution.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, a batch electrochemical reactor with a useful volume of 250 mL, copper and iron electrodes with 2×10×50 mm area from the DC source to aniline degradation was used. Also the Influence of parameters such as pH, Voltage (with amper), initial concentration of per sulfate and initial concentration of Aniline was investigated. Aniline concentrations, determined by spectrophotometer DR5000 making HACH.Results: The experimental results indicated that the removal of aniline was influenced by different operational parameters, So that the highest process efficiency was obtained at pH 4, a voltage of 11 V, a concentration of per sulfate anions equal to 750 mg /L and a concentration of 60 mg /L of pollutant, 90.41% in a 25 minute period. It was also found that with an increase of nitrogen gas, efficiency will be increase and aeration reduces efficiency.Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the proper performance of the process in removing organic pollutants under optimal conditions of use as well as an alternative technology for the treatment of industrial wastewater containing Aniline.
Physiology & Pharmacology
mohsen dehbashi; Amir Rashidlamir
Volume 25, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, , Pages 231-239
Abstract
Introduction:The utilization of steroid derivatives has become a major concern in the sport community; the aim of the present study was the investigation of eight weeks testosterone enanthate (TE) administrationand resistance training (RT) effects on liver enzyme profile in male rats.Materials and Methods:The ...
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Introduction:The utilization of steroid derivatives has become a major concern in the sport community; the aim of the present study was the investigation of eight weeks testosterone enanthate (TE) administrationand resistance training (RT) effects on liver enzyme profile in male rats.Materials and Methods:The thirty five rats (age: 10 weeks, weight: 12 ± 200 g) randomly was divided to five groups (n=7) including: 1) control+placebo, 2) RT + placebo, 3) TE, 4) RT + moderate dose of TE, and 5) RT + high dose of TE. The resistance training was consisted of climbing (5 reps/3 sets) a ladder carrying a load suspended from the tail for 8 weeks. At the end, whole blood samples were obtained from the orbital sinus and serum activity of liver enzymes including AST, GGT, ALT and ALP was measured by spectrophotometry.Findings:AST activity RT+HTE group was significantly higher than C, RT and TE groups. This enzyme also had marked higher activity in RT+MTE group compared with C and RT groups(P
Shahram Mohammadkhani; Hasan Rezaee Jamaloee
Volume 23, Issue 2 , March and April 2016, , Pages 262-280
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Considering the prevalence of cigarette and hookah smoking among adolescents and the need to identify the components and dimensions of such behaviors, this study was conducted to determine the predictors of smoking cigarette and hookah among students due to designing appropriate ...
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Background & Objectives: Considering the prevalence of cigarette and hookah smoking among adolescents and the need to identify the components and dimensions of such behaviors, this study was conducted to determine the predictors of smoking cigarette and hookah among students due to designing appropriate and effective interventions. Materials and Methods: Using a cluster random sampling method, 201 male students were selected from highschool in Najaf Abad city, Isfahan. The selected students were evaluated by the revised risk and protective factors of drug use questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analyses. Results: The results of correlation coefficient showed that there was significant positive correlation between cigarette smokings in the lifetime and all 12 components risk profile. Also, drug use and hookah smoking in the lifetime were related with hopelessness, social skills, sensation seeking, parental attitudes to drug use, monitoring, family and sense of commitment to school. The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that components of attitudes to drug use, parental attitudes to drug use and impulsivity predictive variance explain the 55 percent of cigarette smoking. Also, attitudes toward drug use and sensation seeking pridicted 19 percent of variance of the hookah smoking, and attitudes toward drug use, social skills, family conflict and parental attitudes to drug use pridicted 17 percent of variance of tend to cigarette smoking and, finally, attitudes toward drug use, family monitoring and chaotic social environment pridicted 19 percent of variance of tend to hookah smoking. Conclusion: According to the results, one can say that the prevalence of hookah and cigarette smoking in adolescents are increasing and the starting age is decreasing. The hookah and cigarette smoking by adolescents is a multi-factor and multi-level phenomenon, and the major factors for their determining exist at multiple levels of individual, social and family, which should be considered for intervention, prevention, an control of cigarette and hookah.
Neda Barki Vandi; Soheil Sobhan Ardakani; Mehrdad Cheraghi
Volume 24, Issue 4 , July and August 2017, , Pages 265-271
Abstract
Background and purpose: Medicinal plants are importance in the both approach of treatment and prevention of diseases in human societies. In recent years, due to the adverse effects of chemical drugs and their side effects, tendency to use of medicinal plants have increased. But due to the possibility ...
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Background and purpose: Medicinal plants are importance in the both approach of treatment and prevention of diseases in human societies. In recent years, due to the adverse effects of chemical drugs and their side effects, tendency to use of medicinal plants have increased. But due to the possibility of some toxic elements in medicinal plants, this study was carried out for analysis and health risk assessment of As, Al, Zn and Cu in lemon balm and borage marketed in Hamedan City in 2015.
Materials and Methods: After preparation of four samples of each medicinal plant and acid digestion of the samples according to standard methods, the concentration of elements in samples was determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) in three replicates. Also, all statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS statistical package.
Results: The results showed that the maximum mean concentrations of As, Al, Zn and Cu in plant samples were 0.175 ± 0.07, 13.93 ± 5.50, 0.34 ± 0.18 and 0.25±0.08 mg/kg, related to lemon balm respectively. However, the mean concentration of Al in lemon balm samples was upper than WHO maximum permissible limits (MPL), but health risk assessment showed that no potential risk for children and adult by consume the studied herbal plants.
Conclusion: Although controlled consumption of medicinal plants has not adverse effect on the consumers’ health, but concerning increased use of agricultural inputs, sewage sludge and wastewater by farmers, regular periodic monitoring of chemical pollutants content specially heavy metals in foodstuffs are recommended for food safety.
Physical Education
Parvin Farzanegi; Mirabdollah Tahramozi
Volume 25, Issue 3 , July and August 2018, , Pages 327-333
Abstract
Background and aim: Chronic kidney disease as an important risk factor associated with some disorders including hypertension and heart failure which is the major cause of death and disability in older people. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of two types aerobic exercise ...
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Background and aim: Chronic kidney disease as an important risk factor associated with some disorders including hypertension and heart failure which is the major cause of death and disability in older people. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of two types aerobic exercise on levels of apelin and its receptor in the old rats heart tissue with chronic kidney disease Methods and Materials: In this experimental study, 28 aged male wistar rats )48 to 50 weeks) were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups: control, doxorubicin, doxorubicin-30minutes training and doxorubicin-60 minutes training. Chronic kidney disease induced by a single subcutaneous injection of doxorubicin (8.5 mg kg). The swimming training program includes 3 times per week, 30 and 60 minutes for 8 weeks. The levels of apelin and its receptor in heart tissue measured by using ELISA method. one-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the data)p
Gyneocology
ashraf saber mashhad taraqi; Najmeh Tehranian; Somayeh Yousefi; Anoshrvan Kazemnejad
Volume 26, Issue 3 , September and October 2019, , Pages 337-343
Abstract
Background and Aims: one of the hormones that appears to play an important role in regulating body growth is ghrelin. This study aimed to determine the association between Maternal serum ghrelin level and neonatal anthropometric indicators at birth.Materials & Methods: In this cohort study, 35 eligible ...
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Background and Aims: one of the hormones that appears to play an important role in regulating body growth is ghrelin. This study aimed to determine the association between Maternal serum ghrelin level and neonatal anthropometric indicators at birth.Materials & Methods: In this cohort study, 35 eligible pregnant women in their first trimester that were allocated by Using Convenience sampling were divided and matched in terms of BMI before pregnancy into normal and higher than normal BMI groups A ( n=14) and B ( n=21). Serum ghrelin level was measured during 6-12 and 15-20 weeks of gestation using ELISA method.Results: Mean non-fasting serum gherlin level (first and second trimesters) had not significant deference between two groups (p1=0.93, p2=0.76, in first and second trimester, respectively). Also there is a ascending increase in mean serum ghrelin level with increasing gestational age from the first to the second trimesters in both groups but was not significant (pa=0.15, pb=0.24, in A and B group, respectively). No significant correlations were detected between non-fasting serum gherlin level (first and second trimesters) and neonatal anthropometric indicators.Conclusion: The lack of any direct relationship between Maternal serum ghrelin level and neonatal anthropometric indicators does not support the hypothesis that ghrelin has major role in foetal growth
Zahra Tazakori; Maryam Nmadi Vosoughi; Asiye Movahedpour; Homa Alizade Mirashrafi; Maryam Zare; Giti Rahimi
Volume 24, Issue 5 , September and October 2018, , Pages 347-352
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Background & Objectives: Emotional intelligence is a set of emotions and control capabilities which can improve ability to confronting with problems and to achieve proper functions such educational success, main aim of this study was Comparing emotional intelligence in ...
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Background & Objectives: Background & Objectives: Emotional intelligence is a set of emotions and control capabilities which can improve ability to confronting with problems and to achieve proper functions such educational success, main aim of this study was Comparing emotional intelligence in talent and non talent students in Ardabil University of medical sciences. Materials & Methods: A descriptive analytic study was performed in talented and normal ones in 1393 on students of Ardabil medical science university (semester and string was matched). A questionnaire consisting of two parts: social and demographic data and Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory that contain 90 questions was used for collecting data .To analyzes the data, descriptive and analytic statistics were performed using SPSS version 16. Results: Findings showed that the mean emotional intelligence of talented students was 334.36± 0.48 and normal ones was 311.407 ± 734.94, there was no significant difference in emotional intelligence of of students between the two groups (P= 0.072). The comparison of emotional intelligence domains were statically difference between talented and non talented students in two domain independent (p=0/02) and controlling impulsivity (p =0/05). Furthermore other domains Flexibility, assertiveness, self-esteem, interpersonal relationships, stress, problem solving and happiness was slightly higher in talented students with no statistically significant difference Results: The comparison of emotional intelligence domains were statically difference between talented and non talented students in two domain independent and controlling impulsivity in a medium level
Gyneocology
sanaz Nehbandani; maryam koochakzai; hayedeh Arbabi; Shiva Rigi
Volume 27, Issue 3 , September and October 2020, , Pages 374-378
Abstract
Background: Midwives as one of the main groups providing health care and because of their stressful job they are in the exposure of burnout. This would impact on their quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life of midwives working in maternity hospital and health centers ...
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Background: Midwives as one of the main groups providing health care and because of their stressful job they are in the exposure of burnout. This would impact on their quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life of midwives working in maternity hospital and health centers in Zabol. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 60 midwives working in maternity hospital of Amiral-Mu'minin Ali (AS) and health centers of Zabol in 2016. The data collection tools were a demographic questionnaire and SF-36 quality of life questionnaire. Data were reported as descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and analytical (Independent samples test). Results: The results of this study showed that the age mean and standard deviation of the participants in the study was 28.67 ± 5.31 years old. midwives working at health centers had a better health-related quality of life in all domains. Mean score of physical and mental health of midwives working in health centers and midwives working in maternity ward were no significant differences (p >0.05). But total quality of life scores, showed significant difference(p
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
ramin jahangirfard; Gholamreza Najafi; Ali Shalizar-jalali; Abbas Ahmadi; Elham Zadeh-hashem
Volume 28, Issue 3 , May and June 2021, , Pages 379-386
Abstract
Introduction: Ethephon is a hormone used to accelerate the plant growth regulator processing. Mostly, after entering to the tissues, causing disturbance in reproductive system and subsequently decreased sperm fertility potential. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ethephon on embryonic ...
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Introduction: Ethephon is a hormone used to accelerate the plant growth regulator processing. Mostly, after entering to the tissues, causing disturbance in reproductive system and subsequently decreased sperm fertility potential. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ethephon on embryonic morphological parameters and CatSper 2 protein localization in sperm.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 78 males and females (NMRI Strain) mice randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental groups received ethephon at doses of 120, 240 and 480 mg/kg as well as the positive-control group received neostigmine (0.1 mg/kg). After treatment, the animals were sacrificed and euthanized. Sperm samples were collected from cauda epididymis for qRT-PCR and immunohistochemically evaluation and stored at -70 ° C until examination.
Results: The results of morphological parameters showed that hatching percentage, viability, number and length of fetuses in experimental groups were lower than control group. There was also a decrease in the expression of CatSper 2 gene in the experimental groups compared to the control group. Sperm immunohistochemical results indicated that there was no localization for the CatSper 2 protein in the experimental groups versus the ones (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Ethephon by producing free radicals causes decreased embryonic morphological features. It also impairs fertility and reproduction by decreasing the expression of CatSper 2 gene and lack of protein localization in sperm.
Ali Salehi; Nabi Shariatifar; Aftab Salehi; Alireza Mohammadzadeh
Volume 23, Issue 3 , July and August 2016, , Pages 430-437
Abstract
Background Food-borne pathogens are a group of microorganisms that cause food-borne illness, and the research for finding effective natural products against the infection arisen from these microorganisms is necessary. The purpose of this study was to determine antimicrobial effect of aqueous and ethanol ...
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Background Food-borne pathogens are a group of microorganisms that cause food-borne illness, and the research for finding effective natural products against the infection arisen from these microorganisms is necessary. The purpose of this study was to determine antimicrobial effect of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Rheum ribes on some important foodborne bacteria.Materials & Methods After collecting the leaves and stalks of rhubarb in the spring, its different concentrations of 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 mg/mL were prepared. Then, antibacterial effect of aqueous and ethanol extracts were determined by the disk diffusion and serial dilution methods.Results Findings showed that aqueous and ethanolic extracts of stalks and leaves of rhubarb have good inhibitory effect on S. aureus and E. coli. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the ethanolic leaves and stalks extracts of rhubarb against S. aureus and E. coli were ≤75, ≤50, ≤100, and ≤75, respectively, and MIC of the aqueous leaves and stalks extracts of rhubarb against S. aureus and E. coli were ≤100, ≤100, ≤125, and ≤100, respectively. The minimum bactericidal concentration of the ethanolic leaves and stalks extracts of rhubarb against S. aureus and E. coli were ≤100, ≤75, ≤150, and ≤125, respectively, and aqueous extracts did not have bactericidal effects.Conclusion Extracts of rhubarb leave and stalk showed a good antimicrobial activity against food-borne pathogens. Therefore, they can be used in food preservation systems to inhibit the growth of these bacteria and improve food quality and safety.
Psychology
Hassanali Vaiskarmi; Masud Sadeghi; Sirous Moradizadeh
Volume 26, Issue 4 , November and December 2019, , Pages 477-487
Abstract
Background and Aim: Regarding the role of psychological factors and lifestyle in the etiology of heart disease, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating and comparing the personality type D, psychological hardiness, failure tolerance and perfectionism in cardiac and normal patients in ...
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Background and Aim: Regarding the role of psychological factors and lifestyle in the etiology of heart disease, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating and comparing the personality type D, psychological hardiness, failure tolerance and perfectionism in cardiac and normal patients in Khorramabad city.Methods: This study is a case-retrospective study. Which compares to personality type D, psychological hardiness, failure, and perfectionism in cardiac and normal patients. The statistical population included all patients with coronary heart disease referred to cardiovascular clinics in Khorramabad city, in which 64 patients volunteered to participate in the study. Also, 64 normal people matched them in terms of age and gender. To measure the variables, personality type D questionnaire, Ahwaz psychological hardiness and perfectionism scale, and Harrington's failure tolerance scale were used. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA)Findings: The results of this study showed that there is a significant difference between cardiac patients and normal people in terms of personality type D, psychological hardiness, failure tolerance and perfectionism. Cardiac patients have lower tolerance and lower psychological hardiness, and mean score of personality type D and higher perfectionism.Conclusion: According to the results of the research, it can be said that personality type D, psychological hardiness, tolerance of failure, and perfectionism act as important variables that influence the development or prevention of heart disease.
Psychology
Alireza Salehpoor; Zahra yousefi; Mohsen Golparvar
Abstract
Background: Stuttering is a complex and multidimensional speech disorder that often creates negative reactions from listeners and a very negative attitude towards speech. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on social anxiety ...
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Background: Stuttering is a complex and multidimensional speech disorder that often creates negative reactions from listeners and a very negative attitude towards speech. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on social anxiety and self-compassion in adults who stutter.Materials and Methods: The current research design is semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up. The statistical population of the study included all adults aged 18 to 40 with stuttering who referred to speech therapy and psychology clinics in Isfahan city in 2022-2023. The sample size was 30 people who were selected purposefully and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received mindfulness-based stress reduction and the control group did not receive any training. There were 15 subjects in each group who completed the Social Phobia Inventory and Self-Compassion Scale in three stages. The data was analyzed using mixed variance analysis in SPSS-23 statistical software.Results: The results of the mixed variance analysis showed that mindfulness-based stress reduction has made significant changes (P<0.001) in the experimental group in the variables of social anxiety and self-compassion in all evaluation stages.Conclusion: According to these results, it can be said that the mentioned method can be used by therapists to improve social anxiety and self-compassion of people who stutter.
Physical Education
farzaneh saki; parisa sedaghati; farzaneh saki
Volume 25, Issue 4 , September and October 2018, , Pages 537-545
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Knee valgus during dynamic activities can lead to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. The perpuse of this study was to investigate range of motion and isometric strength of ankle joint between gilrs who exhibit medial knee displacement during squat in compraed to control ...
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Background and Objectives: Knee valgus during dynamic activities can lead to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. The perpuse of this study was to investigate range of motion and isometric strength of ankle joint between gilrs who exhibit medial knee displacement during squat in compraed to control group.Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out on forty healthy females (control, 20 ; dynamic knee valgus, 20) with no lower-extremity injury in the past 6 months elected randomly according to inclusion criteria. Peak isometric strength was measured in kilogeram using a hand-held dynamometer and active range of motion was measured in degrees with a goniometer. Independent t- test and Multi-variate analyses of variance were used to determine differences in strength and range of motion between groups (P≤0.05).Results: The reasults showed dynamic valgus group had the less dorsiflexion range of motion (P=0.000), increased eversion range of motion (P=0.024) and less plantarflexion strength (P=0.000) in compraed to control group.Conclusion: According to present results interventions focusing on improving strength and range of motion of the ankle may improve kinematics during dynamic activities.
Psychology
sima askari; nemat sotoudeh asl; parviz sabahi; raheb ghorbani
Volume 29, Issue 4 , September and October 2022, , Pages 549-562
Abstract
Introduction: Life satisfaction in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder is lower than normal people in society, so by treating this disorder, the quality of life and life satisfaction in these people can be increased. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of behavioral activation ...
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Introduction: Life satisfaction in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder is lower than normal people in society, so by treating this disorder, the quality of life and life satisfaction in these people can be increased. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of behavioral activation therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive-behavioral therapy on cognitive emotion regulation and cognitive-behavioral avoidance in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Materials and Methods: The present study is an applied research and quasi-experimental method is a pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population included patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder in Karaj in 1398. A total of 45 people were selected and randomly assigned to three groups of behavioral activation therapy, mindfulness-based cognitive-behavioral therapy and control group. Cognitive emotion regulation and cognitive-behavioral avoidance questionnaires were used to measure the effectiveness of treatments. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, multivariate analysis of covariance and post hoc test using SPSS-18 software were used.
Results: The results of analysis of covariance showed that there is a statistically significant difference between the effectiveness of behavioral activation therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive-behavioral therapy in adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies (P=0.0001, F=57.71). But there was no statistical difference in the effectiveness of these two treatments in cognitive-behavioral avoidance. Both treatments have been equally effective in cognitive-behavioral avoidance.
Conclusion: Behavioral activation-based therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive-behavioral therapy have an effect on improving cognitive emotion regulation strategies and reducing cognitive-behavioral avoidance in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Therefore, these two therapies can be used to regulate emotions and avoidance in obsessive-compulsive patients.
Microbiology
Elaheh Tasallot Maraghi; Nasim Kashef; Ahmad Reza Gohari; Zahra Fekrirad
Volume 28, Issue 4 , September and October 2021, , Pages 556-568
Abstract
Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important pathogenic bacteria in humans. Due to the antibiotic resistance, treatment of staphylococcal infections is difficult. Among the alternative treatment options, plants are considered as a rich source of material with antimicrobial activity. ...
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Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important pathogenic bacteria in humans. Due to the antibiotic resistance, treatment of staphylococcal infections is difficult. Among the alternative treatment options, plants are considered as a rich source of material with antimicrobial activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate of the antimicrobial effects of ethyl acetatic, methanolic and water-methanolic extracts from Satureja khuzistanica, Peganum harmala, Satureja sahendica onplanktonic growth and biofilm formation of S. aureus.
Materials and Methods: The extracts were prepared from different parts of plants and the antimicrobial properties of the extracts were determined by disk diffusion and microbroth dilution method. Also, Crystal violet staining assay was used to evaluate the ability to inhibit biofilm formation of S. aureus strains. Disruption of pre-formed biofilms of S. aureus strains were evaluated following exposure to plant extracts in different concentrations (ranging from 3/125 to 400mg/ml).
Results: The highest inhibitory zones were showed by ethyl acetatic extract of Satureja sahendica (28/6±0.6mm). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of ethyl acetatic extract of S.khuzistanica were 1/562 and 3/125mg/ml, respectively. Besides, methanolic extract of S. khuzistanica was the most effective extract in inhibition of microbial cells attachment to surface (57/89%) and it showed disruption of pre-formed biofilms at the concentration of 50 mg/ml.
Conclusion: The extracts of all mentioned plants had satisfactory antimicrobial effects against the planktonic growth of S. aureus and methanolic extract of S. khuzistanica was effective against biofilm formation of S. aureus.
Psychology
Mahshid Taherzadeh; Mahgol Tavakoli
Volume 27, Issue 4 , November and December 2020, , Pages 560-567
Abstract
Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with an unknown etiology. The disease affects several organs such as central nervous system. The purpose of this study was to assess memory profile (working, visual and auditory) in SLE patients and healthy individuals.
Materials ...
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Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with an unknown etiology. The disease affects several organs such as central nervous system. The purpose of this study was to assess memory profile (working, visual and auditory) in SLE patients and healthy individuals.
Materials and Methods: Thirty SLE patients and 30 healthy individuals were selected by the convenience sampling method. The sample was evaluated by Letter-Number Sequencing Test, Rey auditory verbal learning test (RAVLT) and Visual Memory test (Wechsler Memory III subscale). Data were analyzed by the univariate analysis of variance, multivariate analysis of variance and the Mann- Whitney U Tests.
Results: The results revealed a significant difference (p<0/005) between the two groups in working memory. There were no significant differences between SLE patients and healthy individuals in terms of immediate auditory memory and immediate visual memory. The results showed the significant differences between two groups in delayed visual memory (free recall and recognition) (p<0/02) and delayed auditory memory (free recall and recognition) (p<0/04).
Conclusion: Memory of patients diagnosed with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, especially working, visual and auditory memory dimensions was be affected by neurological deficits related to the illness, which makes early neuropsychological assessments and related rehabilitation programs even more vital.
Alimohammad Nazari; Sajjad Amini Manesh; Alireza Moradi; Valiollah Farzad
Volume 22, Issue 4 , September and October 2015, , Pages 603-611
Abstract
Background and purpose: Online gaming addiction is a common problem among youngsters. As the researchers and experts’ needs a reliable and valid measurement, the current study was aimed at investigating the psychometric features of the online gaming addiction questionnaire. Materials and Methods: ...
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Background and purpose: Online gaming addiction is a common problem among youngsters. As the researchers and experts’ needs a reliable and valid measurement, the current study was aimed at investigating the psychometric features of the online gaming addiction questionnaire. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, 360 male adolescents of Tehran, were selected through randomized cluster sampling method and have completed Problematic Online Gaming Questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and anxiety and depression subscales of DASS-21. Moreover, Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Exploratory Factor Analysis by SPSS-19 were used for statistical analysis. Results: The results of Exploratory Factor Analysis indicate five factors that explained 54 % of total variance. The questionnaire convergent and divergent validity, were confirmed by calculating its correlation with self esteem, anxiety and depression. Also, Test-retest reliability coefficient and Cronbach’s alpha were obtained 0.81 and 0.85, respectively. Conclusion: The obtained results of current study showed desirable psychometric features of the online gaming addiction questionnaire. Therefore this measurement can be applied for research and therapy purposes.