Hamid Mohammad Sadeghi; Alireza Vahidi; Mohammad Ebrahim Rezvani; Mansour Esmaeeli Dahej; Ali Aliabadi
Volume 23, Issue 2 , March and April 2016, , Pages 281-289
Abstract
Background: Flavonoids accounted for the most of antidiabetic effects of heral medicines. The effects of Salvigenin, a flavonoids from salvia officinalis, were not reported. We aimed to investigate the effects of the flavonoid on biochemical indices and cardiac hemodynamic parameters of type 1 diabetic ...
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Background: Flavonoids accounted for the most of antidiabetic effects of heral medicines. The effects of Salvigenin, a flavonoids from salvia officinalis, were not reported. We aimed to investigate the effects of the flavonoid on biochemical indices and cardiac hemodynamic parameters of type 1 diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: After extracting the herb, salvigenin was purified by extraction and silica gel column chromatography. Type 1 diabetes was induced by single injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at dose of 70 mg/kg. The rats were allocated into 4 groups as follows: control group that received vehicle and treatments groups that received salvigenin at doses of 5, 10 or 25 mg/kg bodyweight for 30 days. Thereafter, blood samples were collected and fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, serum lipid profile and serum insulin level were measured. One way analysis of variances was used to assess significant differences between means of parameters between groups. Result: The obtained results implied that salvigenin can significantly reduce fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1cand serum lipid profile. In addition, serum insulin level and plasma HDL were significantly elevated in rats treated with salvigenin in compared to control rats.
genetics
nafise moeinifar; sadeq vallian
Volume 25, Issue 3 , July and August 2018, , Pages 335-341
Abstract
AbstractBackground: Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) recognized as heterogeneous disorders arising from presynaptic, synaptic, or postsynaptic defects. Congenital myasthenic syndrome due to defects in synaptic activity of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) is caused by recessive mutations in ...
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AbstractBackground: Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) recognized as heterogeneous disorders arising from presynaptic, synaptic, or postsynaptic defects. Congenital myasthenic syndrome due to defects in synaptic activity of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) is caused by recessive mutations in the COLQ gene. Ideal method for molecular diagnosis of this disease is direct analysis of the gene mutations, which is expensive and time consuming. Therefore, alternative methods such as linkage analysis using polymorphic markers including single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is suggested.Materials and Methods: In this study, using bioinformatic analysis, rs2278961 marker located on 3'UTR of COLQ gene was selected which contains 2 alleles G and A. rs2278961 marker was genotyped in the Isfahan population by ARMS PCR technique, using specific primers. Degree of heterozygosity and allelic frequencies were calculated by Genepop software. Finally, the amount of polymorphism information content (PIC) was computed by PIC Calculator software.Results: According to the results of Genepop and PIC Calculator, the frequency of recessive allele A (MAF), the degree of heterozygosity and the PIC were estimated 0.539, 0.61842105 and 0.3735, respectively.Conclusion: Since the MAF>0.2 and PIC close to 0.375 are the criteria for an efficient marker, rs2278961 having mentioned conditions, therefore it could be suggested as an appropriate markers for diagnosis of CMS disease in Iranian population.
Psychology
sarah namjoo; mohammadreza seirafi; farhad assarzadegan; ahmad borjali
Volume 26, Issue 3 , September and October 2019, , Pages 345-354
Abstract
Background:Pain interference is one of the important characteristics of chronic pain that determines the type and route of treatment. However, limited information is available about interventions efficacy on pain interference. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Mindfulness-based ...
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Background:Pain interference is one of the important characteristics of chronic pain that determines the type and route of treatment. However, limited information is available about interventions efficacy on pain interference. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on activity and emotional pain interference in patients with primary headache.Methods: A clinical trial was conducted in 2017 and 2018 Imam Hossein hospital in the city of Tehran, Iran. Then, using the sampling judgment among 94 in patients with chronic headache, 85 were selected and randomly assigned into two groups: MBCT (43 patients) and control group (42) and were evaluated in two stages. The Numeric pain rating scale (NRS) Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), were measured. All data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance. The results were reported using intent-to-treat (ITT) analyses and completer samples.Findings: In ITT analyses statistically significant were found for emotional pain interference (P
Psychology
Abolfazl Farid; Ali Najafzadeh
Volume 24, Issue 5 , September and October 2018, , Pages 353-358
Abstract
Objective: The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of drawing therapy on attention deficit – hyperactivity disorders of Tabriz 5 zone elementary students educationMethods and materials: the manner of this research was quasi - experimental. Statistical population was the all of 120 students ...
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Objective: The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of drawing therapy on attention deficit – hyperactivity disorders of Tabriz 5 zone elementary students educationMethods and materials: the manner of this research was quasi - experimental. Statistical population was the all of 120 students that diagnosed as ADHD by Psychiatrist and registered in health file in school. Statistical sampling was 40 student that selected by accessible sampling. Selected sample was assigned randomly in the experiment and control group(each group was 20 students). The desighn of the research was quasi- experimental with control group and randomly assigned. Drawing therapy was accomplished for 12 sessions. Instrument was CSI-4, with parent and teacher evaluation forms.Results: Collected data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential ANCOVA test. Results showed that drawing therapy had meaningful effect on reducing of attention- deficit hyperactivity disorder signs.Conclusions:according to results could concluded that with consideration of relationships between teacher and students, with instructional special treatments,could reduce the signs of ADHD disorder.
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
Rahim Golmohammadi; Motahaerh Golmohammadi
Volume 27, Issue 3 , September and October 2020, , Pages 380-383
Abstract
AbstractBackground and Purpose: The new methods of the evaluation of critical thinking skills educate is necessary for approaches with patient in early clinical exposure in medical students .Material and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was carried out at Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences ...
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AbstractBackground and Purpose: The new methods of the evaluation of critical thinking skills educate is necessary for approaches with patient in early clinical exposure in medical students .Material and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was carried out at Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences in 2016-2018. The present study was conducted in collaboration with 34 medical students inclouded(24 males and 10 females) in this study using California Critical Thinking Skills Questionnaire (CCTST). Early Clinical Exposure (ECE) and after skill education- (ECE) were performed in the related to analysis, inductive and deductive reasoning skills. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 software using MC-Nemar and paired t-tests (Pair: T-test).Results: Mean scores of analysis skills before and after undergoing preliminary anatomy of the patient (Early Clinical Exposure)the correct answer were significant in the area of inductive reasoning and inference or reasoning deductive before and after ECE with Critical Thinking Skills training (P 0.05.Conclusion: The results showed that teaching ccritical thinking skills training improves learners' quality and also provides positive feedback to the teacher, learner and patient.
Physiology & Pharmacology
Seyed Arman Razavi; Amin Bigham-Sadegh; Iraj Karimi; Siavash Sharifi; Iman Hafar
Volume 28, Issue 3 , May and June 2021, , Pages 387-395
Abstract
Introduction: Phenytoin ointment is a usual medicine for wound healing. Aloe vera gel promotes wound healing by directly stimulating the activity of macrophages and fibroblasts that increase both collagen and proteoglycan synthesis, thereby promoting tissue repair. The aim of this study was to evaluate ...
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Introduction: Phenytoin ointment is a usual medicine for wound healing. Aloe vera gel promotes wound healing by directly stimulating the activity of macrophages and fibroblasts that increase both collagen and proteoglycan synthesis, thereby promoting tissue repair. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of phenytoin ointment1%, aloe vera gel, royal jelly and honey on skin wound healing in rabbit animal model. Materials and Methods: 5 rabbits with 50 skin wounds were used in this study. Phenytoin ointment1%, aloe vera gel, royal jelly and honey were used in four wounds and another was considered as an untreated control. Macroscopic study was performed on days 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 after wounding and histopathologic study was done on the days 10 and 21 from the wounds. Results: On the 8th and 12th days in the Aloe vera gel, royal jelly and honey groups, the area of the wound had a significant difference (p < 0.05) than group1 (phenytoin), indicating a faster reduction of the wound surface than the phenytoin group. On the 16th day after surgery, the ulcer surface of the honey group was completely closed and on day 20 all the wounds were fully restored in all groups. Also, histopathologic studies on 10 and 21 days showed no significant difference between the studied groups and all wounds were completely restored on day 20. Conclusion: Finally, the results of this Study showed that phenytoin 1% ointment, aloe vera gel, royal jelly and honey, all had a good effect on wound healing.
Farzaneh Kyvanlo; Morteza Binesh; Hamid Nehardani
Volume 23, Issue 3 , July and August 2016, , Pages 438-443
Abstract
Background This study aimed to assess social health components in the education department of Sabzevar, Iran in 2014.Materials & Methods The study population consisted of all employees of the Department of Education of Sabzevar, Iran, a total of 150 persons. The study sample (N=114) was recruited ...
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Background This study aimed to assess social health components in the education department of Sabzevar, Iran in 2014.Materials & Methods The study population consisted of all employees of the Department of Education of Sabzevar, Iran, a total of 150 persons. The study sample (N=114) was recruited by simple random sampling method (Krejcie and Morgan Table, 1970). The measurement tool was Keynesian social health questionnaire with 5 components (social prosperity, social solidarity, social cohesion, social acceptance, and social participation) which is a standardized questionnaire regarding its validity and reliability. The descriptive statistics were used to analyze data through SPSS (ver 20.0). Results The results showed that the average social health in Directorate of Education of Sabzevar City is 61.68%. Among them, 12.20% were of high social health, 78.80% were of average social health, and social health of no case was under the lower limit, with standard deviation of 5.265. The mean values of all components of the social health were obtained which were more than 50%. There was not found any significant differences with regard to gender, marital status, and educational level. However, the income amount, work experience, and residency area of the participants had significant effects.Conclusion According to the results, the average score was between 47 and 74. It can be concluded that the public health of education staff in Sabzevar is at the average level. The maintenance of this condition and its promotion should be managed by integrated planning and encouragements.
Educational
Amirhosein Kayzouri; Hamid Yaghoutimoghaddam; Hamid Sadeghi; Mohammad Hoseinzadeh Hesari; Mahnaz Haghnazar
Volume 26, Issue 4 , November and December 2019, , Pages 487-493
Abstract
Background and aim: The training is a series of activities that the teacher does to facilitate the learning of learners on their own or with the help of educational materials.the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of peer-to-peer education methods on clinical learning of anesthesia students ...
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Background and aim: The training is a series of activities that the teacher does to facilitate the learning of learners on their own or with the help of educational materials.the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of peer-to-peer education methods on clinical learning of anesthesia students in Sabzevar University of Medical SciencesMaterials and methods: This experimental study was a post-test pre-test. The statistical population of this study consisted of 48 students of anesthesiology students of the Bachelor of Science from 95-96. According to the characteristics of the statistical society, all anesthesia students of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences were selected as samples,and simple random sampling method was chosen. They were randomly assigned to peer and non-peer groups.The data gathering tool was a multi-part questionnaire. content validity was used and Their reliability was estimated through Cronbach’s alpha. SPSS16 software and descriptive and analytical statistics (covariance) were used to analyze the data.Results: The analysis of covariance showed that learning from their peers had a positive and significant effect on students' clinical performance (F = 295 / 68, T =17.19 P
Physiology & Pharmacology
Ezzat Nourizadeh
Abstract
Background: Cancer is the second cause of death in the world. Worldwide, many cancers cause varying degrees of morbidity. Also, side effects of chemical drugs used to treat various cancers have been reported. Considering this importance, the purpose of this research is to investigate the anticancer effects ...
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Background: Cancer is the second cause of death in the world. Worldwide, many cancers cause varying degrees of morbidity. Also, side effects of chemical drugs used to treat various cancers have been reported. Considering this importance, the purpose of this research is to investigate the anticancer effects of different Scutellaria species on different human cancer cells.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, the method of data collection was computerized and from valid internet databases, and sources such as Google Scholar/Pubmed and other tools were used. Clinical data on the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of cancer by herbs. The mint family Scutellaria is summarized and data are extracted from various research reports and other authoritative sources.Results: Among the active chemical compounds in the genus Scutellaria are flavonoids, which are considered the most important of these compounds.The flavonoids isolated from this plant prevent the development of cancer with their antioxidant, anti-mutagenic activities and by stopping the cell cycle.Conclusion: Although the anticancer properties of Scutellaria have been shown, deciding whether Scutellaria can be used as an anticancer agent in the clinic depends on many factors and needs to be investigated.
Physiology & Pharmacology
faranak jafari; omid gholami; Akbar Pejhan; bahareh amin; Samad Nazemi
Volume 25, Issue 4 , September and October 2018, , Pages 546-554
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Chronic neuropathic pain caused by damage or disturbance of the functioning of the somatosensory system are one of the major health problems and many people suffer from such diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Umbelliprenin (UMB) on the symptoms of ...
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Background and Purpose: Chronic neuropathic pain caused by damage or disturbance of the functioning of the somatosensory system are one of the major health problems and many people suffer from such diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Umbelliprenin (UMB) on the symptoms of neuropathic pain in chronic constriction injury model (CCI) of neuropathy in adult male rats.Materials and Methods: 24Wistar rats (250±20g) were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham, CCI and CCI+UMB (100μg/rat) groups. UMB was injected intrathecaly one day before surgery, and 3 days after surgery. Von Frey and Hot-Plate tests were performed one day before surgery and on days 2, 4, 7, 10 and 14 after surgery. The results were reported as mean and SEM (P
Physical Education
Vahid Kazemizadeh; Naser Behpour
Volume 28, Issue 4 , September and October 2021, , Pages 569-580
Abstract
Introduction: Sleep deprivation is one of those factors that affect the energy intake and appetite of individuals. It is reported that sleep deprivation affected by certain hormones (e.g. insulin, Leptin, ghrelin, and cholecystokinin, etc.) that are involved in energy balance may affect body weight through ...
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Introduction: Sleep deprivation is one of those factors that affect the energy intake and appetite of individuals. It is reported that sleep deprivation affected by certain hormones (e.g. insulin, Leptin, ghrelin, and cholecystokinin, etc.) that are involved in energy balance may affect body weight through appetite. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 30-hours sleep deprivation on the response of leptin and ghrelin levels to an Exhaustive activity among active male students.Materials and Methods: Among the active male students of Razi University of Kermanshah, 20 undergraduate students were selected through convenience sampling and participated in the study. Subjects were evaluated by simple randomized cross-sectional design in two situations.Results: Information related to the comparison of post-test and pre-test in two experimental (sleep deprivation) and control (adequate sleep) situations showed that leptin hormone in sleep deprivation conditions decreased compared to rest conditions (9.4 %) And ghrelin hormone in experimental conditions increased compared to control conditions (2.04%) and this difference is considered significant at the level (p = 0.0012). Insomnia also caused significant changes in physiological parameters (VO2max, heart rate, blood pressure, time to exhaustion, etc.).Conclusion: 30 hours of sleep deprivation decreased leptin and at the same time increased ghrelin, which indicates the importance of night sleep, which is one of the influential factors associated with obesity and overweight.
Internal Medicine
mahmoud parham; Sajad Rezvan; fatemeh amirkanian; akram barati; mohmmad hassan nikkhah
Volume 27, Issue 4 , November and December 2020, , Pages 570-576
Abstract
Introduction: Metabolic syndrome is known as a risk factor for dementia and various degrees of cognitive impairment. The aim of this study was to Comparative study of diagnostic value of Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and Mini–Mental state examination (MMSE) tests for assessment and cognitive ...
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Introduction: Metabolic syndrome is known as a risk factor for dementia and various degrees of cognitive impairment. The aim of this study was to Comparative study of diagnostic value of Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and Mini–Mental state examination (MMSE) tests for assessment and cognitive impairments screening in patients with metabolic syndrome.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 107 patients with metabolic syndrome. Cognitive impairment was examined by MoCA and MMSE tests. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18 software.
Results: Mean score of MMSE and MoCa tests were 23.28 ± 2.66 and 22.06 ± 2.93, respectively. 84 patients (78.5%) had a MoCA test impairment (cognitive impairment). Based on the MMSE test, 66 patients (61.68%) had cognitive impairment. The sensitivity and specificity of the MMSE test were 73.81% and 82.61% respectively. MMSE diagnostic test with age (p=0.000, CC= -0.459), BMI (p = 0.000, CC = -0.338), FBS (p = 0.000, CC=-0.51), the levels of triglyceride (TG) (p = 0.000, CC = -0.56) and HDL (p = 0.000, CC = -0.54) were significantly correlated.
Conclusion: Cognitive impairment is noticeable in patients with metabolic syndrome and it seems that metabolic syndrome markers such as fasting blood glucose, triglyceride levelsand ets associated with cognitive impairment in these patients. MMSE test is a desirable sensitivity and specificity in evaluating cognitive impairment in patients with metabolic syndrome. However, because of the lack of studies in this field, are recommended for more comprehensive conclusions.
Hasan Mohammadpour Kanzagh; Mostafa Novrozi; Razzagh Mahmoodi; Asghar Mohamadpor Asl; Roza Zavvashi
Volume 22, Issue 4 , September and October 2015, , Pages 612-621
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Nowadays, plant essential oils are of interest to food industry researchers and are used as natural and safe preservatives in food materials because of their antibacterial and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to evaluation of antibacterial activity of Stachys ...
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Background & Objectives: Nowadays, plant essential oils are of interest to food industry researchers and are used as natural and safe preservatives in food materials because of their antibacterial and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to evaluation of antibacterial activity of Stachys lavandulifolia essential oil against listeria monocytogenes growth in Ardabil traditional cheese. Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, aerial parts of Stachys lavandulifolia preparation as dried plant and its essential oil was isolation and identification. Essential oil in 0.03- 0.06 and 0.12 concentration with 103cfu/ml Listeria monocytogenes was inoculated in the milk samples that were prepared for the production of cheese. The cheese samples were stored for 60 day at 7 °C and during 1, 7, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days were counted in surface culture to examine the quality growth of Listeria and total aerobic bacteria. The data were analyzed with Repeated measurement ANOVA with SPSS 22 and P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Use of essential oil concentrations have significant effect on reducing total bacteria and Listeria growth in compared to the control groups (p<0.001). Moreover, it was observed that bacterial growth declined logarithmically with increases in the concentration of the essential oil (p<0.001). Use of 0.12 concentration of essential oil has the greatest antimicrobial effect. Conclusion: Essential oil of Stachys lavandulifolia has antibacterial effect on Listeria monocytogenes and total aerobic bacteria, so that use of 0.06 of essential oil can improve the microbiological and safety properties of Ardabil traditional cheese and, also, can make desirable organoleptic characteristics.
Educational
Zahra Keyvanlo; Alireza Ghorbani; Hossein Tireh; Ramezan Tazegole
Volume 26, Issue 5 , November and December 2019, , Pages 619-626
Abstract
Backgrand: The relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment is as most important factor in the management science. One of the basic factors influencing commitment is employee's job satisfaction. The purpose of study was investigate the relationship between job satisfaction with ...
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Backgrand: The relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment is as most important factor in the management science. One of the basic factors influencing commitment is employee's job satisfaction. The purpose of study was investigate the relationship between job satisfaction with organizational commitment and its influential factors in staff working in Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 288 employees from different fields. The instrument was a Demographic information, Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (JDI) and organizational commitment of Allen & Meyer. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Spearman, Naparametric Test and with SPSS24.Results: Results showed that job satisfaction and organizational commitment of employees in all dimensions were higher than the average level. The highest level of job satisfaction was observed in the dimension of the co-worker and the highest organizational commitment of the employees in emotional dimension. There was a positive and significant relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment of employees.(r=0.32-p
Sahar Sadat Alavi; Hassan Naemi; Ali Hosseinzadeh
Volume 23, Issue 4 , September and October 2016, , Pages 626-633
Abstract
Background Today, the majority of developing countries have experienced social, economic, health and the demographic transition (known as aging) problems. Over time, the number of elderly in whole population will increase. Currently, 4%-5% of the whole population are 60 years and older. This study aimed ...
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Background Today, the majority of developing countries have experienced social, economic, health and the demographic transition (known as aging) problems. Over time, the number of elderly in whole population will increase. Currently, 4%-5% of the whole population are 60 years and older. This study aimed to identify the causes of mortality among the older people over 60 years.Methods & Materials This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study that its study samples included all 60 years and older people who have died in Sabzevar in the years 2011-2013. The study data were collected by checklist.Results A total of 2278 samples were studied. Their mean(SD) age was 71.54(8.87) years and the maximum and minimum ages were 107 and 60 years, respectively. In our study, the average mortality rate due to cardiovascular diseases was 56.24%, deaths due to respiratory diseases 10.37% and deaths due to cancer was recorded as 7.88%, which were the first three leading causes of death in the elderly patients.Conclusion Because the mortality due to cardiovascular disease in the elderly is the first cause and the respiratory infections ranked as the second cause, paying attention to the importance of prevention and observation of risk factors in the families are of critical importance. Also, conducting more comprehensive and adequate planning for early diagnosis of these diseases and particular attention to the patients, especially the elderly persons, are required.
Physical Education
fateme falah; farhad rahmani nia; ramin shabani; zahra Hojati Zidashti
Volume 27, Issue 5 , November and December 2020, , Pages 674-682
Abstract
Introduction: In aged women, elevated levels of some proinflammatory markers are risk factors for the development of diseases. The present study investigated the effect of 12-week walking at two different intensities on inflammatory factors in elderly woman.
Materials and Methods: Thirty untrained elderly ...
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Introduction: In aged women, elevated levels of some proinflammatory markers are risk factors for the development of diseases. The present study investigated the effect of 12-week walking at two different intensities on inflammatory factors in elderly woman.
Materials and Methods: Thirty untrained elderly women (60—75 years) randomly divided into three groups. Moderate tempo walking group (MTWG, n=11), Brisk walking group (BWG, n=10), and the control group (CG, n=9). The MTWG, walked at 50—55% maximum heart rate reserve (HRRmax) and the BWG walked at %70-75 HRRmax. Both walking groups trained 12 weeks, 3 sessions per week, starting from 30 to 60 minutes and the CG remained untrained. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), body composition, leukocyte counts (WBC) and plasma levels of Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), were measured before and after the study period. To analyze the data, oneway analysis of variance, Scheffe test and dependent t-test was used (P≤0.05).
Results: VO2max, increased significantly in BWG. Body weights, percent body fat (p =0.000), body mass index (p = 0.003) significantly decreased, and percent muscle (p = 0.000) increased in both exercise groups. Percent visceral fat (p = 0.028) significantly decreased in BWG. Also, BWG showed a significant reduction in WBC counts compared to baseline levels (p = 0.004). There were no significant differences in the plasma levels of TNF-α between the groups.
Conclusion: The results showed that regular walking program can affect body composition in elderly women, however, it may not be effective in reducing systemic inflammatory markers.
masoud keikha; hossein ali rahdar; Shahram Shahraki- Zahedani
Volume 25, Issue 5 , November and December 2018, , Pages 679-686
Abstract
Background and Aim: Non-tuberculosis mycobacteria is acid-fast bacteria that lives in environmental sources such as: water, soil, dust, milk and decaying vegetables. Based on Runyon’s classification these bacteria classified in tow group of slow and rapid growing mycobacteria that both of them ...
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Background and Aim: Non-tuberculosis mycobacteria is acid-fast bacteria that lives in environmental sources such as: water, soil, dust, milk and decaying vegetables. Based on Runyon’s classification these bacteria classified in tow group of slow and rapid growing mycobacteria that both of them isolated from clinical specimens.The purpose of this study is evaluation of three housekeeping genes in identification and differentiation of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria.Methods: In our study we obtained 16S rRNA, rpoB and hsp65 sequences of twenty two slow and rapid growing mycobacteria from Genebank (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov). Then this sequences aligned and transferred to MEGA 5.0 program. Finally phylogenetic relationships were determined by constructing 16S rRNA, rpoB and hsp65 genes tree using the neighbor-joining method with Kimura 2-Parameter model.Results and conclusion: Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA, rpoB and hsp65 gene sequences indicated that except of rpoB gene, other genes cannot identificated and separate of some species. Also we found that for identification both of rapid growth mycobacteria (RGM) and slow growth mycobacteria (SGM)rpoB gene is the best option.due to findings of this study, it seems that for appropriate and accurate identification of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria we must studied rpoB and hsp65 genes simultaneously
Mostafa Mirzaie Ali Abadi; Fatemeh Rostami; Mohsen Mahdinia; Azam Karami mosafer; Jalil Derakhshan; Maryam Feyze arefi
Volume 26, Issue 6 , March and April 2020, , Pages 739-746
Abstract
Universities research laboratories play an important role in promoting higher education. Factors such as the presence of various types of flammable chemicals, and a variety of laboratory activities have turned the issue of fire safety into one of the main safety challenges in the lab. Fire prevention ...
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Universities research laboratories play an important role in promoting higher education. Factors such as the presence of various types of flammable chemicals, and a variety of laboratory activities have turned the issue of fire safety into one of the main safety challenges in the lab. Fire prevention is important to protect the safety of people in laboratories and adjacent units. This study was conducted to evaluate the risk of fire at the University of Medical Sciences Laboratories.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, risk assessment method of FRAME was used. The data was collected using a checklist and the data from the checklist was entered into the FRAME computational program. After calculating the fire risk of the building and the contents, individuals and activities, then the labs were ranked according to the level of risk. In addition to determining the efficiency of existing facilities and protection for high risk labs and lacking adequate protection system was proposed a suitable fire system.Result: In according to the level of risk are gained, the effectiveness of existing protective measures provides only adequate protection for 35% of activities and 37% buildings. However, considering the calculated risk for individuals, no adequate protection for individuals is provided in any laboratory. Fire safety training is mandatory for employees.Conclusion: Considering the high risk of fire risk for individuals in all laboratories and the importance of the safety of individuals, it is recommended that appropriate management measures be taken to reduce safety risks to safety priorities.
Mohammad Bokaeian; Faramarz Dahmardeh; Mohammad Sohrabi; Saeide Saeidi
Volume 22, Issue 5 , November and December 2015, , Pages 780-787
Abstract
Background: Infectious diseases are an important cause of mortality in the world. Because of resistance of some human pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics, use of natural and herbal medicine is increasing to control these factors. The aim of this study is to investigate the antibacterial effects of Ramalina ...
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Background: Infectious diseases are an important cause of mortality in the world. Because of resistance of some human pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics, use of natural and herbal medicine is increasing to control these factors. The aim of this study is to investigate the antibacterial effects of Ramalina hyrcana Sipman lichens against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Materials and Methods: The lichen ethanol extract was prepared by using a rotary machine. Nine standard strains of Gram- positive and Gram -negative bacteria were cultured in nutrient broth. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by the micro dilution method.
Results: The results of this study showed that the lichen R. hyrcana extract in different concentrations inhibited both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The results showed that the lichen extract of all concentrations inhibited of Staphylococcus aureus. After S. aureus bacteria inhibition, the minimum inhibitory concentrations are for Hafnia and Acinetobacter (12.5 ppm).
Conclusion: According to the results and other reports in this area, lichen R. hyrcana extract could be introduced as a biological control agent. However, for the use of different lichen extracts for clinical application, the chemical analysis of extracts and clinical research is necessary.
Psychology
hamid yaghoutimoghaddam; Frshad jaberi Koshki; mahnaz haghnazar; hamid sadeghi; mohammad hosein zadeh hesari
Volume 27, Issue 6 , January and February 2021, , Pages 788-794
Abstract
Introduction: Workaholism can be enjoyable, but at the same time, frustrating and problematic with positive and negative repercussions. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between workaholism and depression and anxiety levels in specialist physicians of hospitals affiliated to Sabzevar ...
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Introduction: Workaholism can be enjoyable, but at the same time, frustrating and problematic with positive and negative repercussions. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between workaholism and depression and anxiety levels in specialist physicians of hospitals affiliated to Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences during 2017-2018.
Materials and methods: This correlation study, The statistical population of this study included all specialist physicians in hospitals affiliated to Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences that selected by census method. The research instruments used were Beck Depression Inventory, and Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory, The Spence and Robbins Questionnaires also were used for workaholism. For analyzing data, SPSS-20 software and descriptive and inferential statistical methods (Correlation Coefficient, Regression) were applied.
Results: The results indicated that there was a significant and relatively strong relation between workaholism and its components with anxiety and depression (p<0/05). Workaholism can also predict depression and anxiety (p<0/05).
Conclusion: The current study shows that work can be a reason of diseases if employees get addicted to it. Thus organizations should pay more attention to this fact that working hard in work place, is not always beneficial for individuals and organization both. So managers have to consider ways to prevent these dangerous consequences which can be harmful for their employee’s health.
Zobair Samimi; Toran Shahdost
Abstract
Objectives Cognitive control problems and deficiencies highlight the need for new therapeutic methods in adolescents with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The current study aimed at investigating the effect of emotional working memory training on the cognitive control of adolescents with PTSD. ...
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Objectives Cognitive control problems and deficiencies highlight the need for new therapeutic methods in adolescents with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The current study aimed at investigating the effect of emotional working memory training on the cognitive control of adolescents with PTSD. Methods Available sampling method was employed to select 5 adolescents (2 males and 3 females) with PTSD diagnosed based on the structured clinical interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental disorders (DSM) (SCID-I), and the impact of event scale from 1 of the child care centers in Karaj, Iran. Selected subjects were under a 20-session training for emotional dual n-back working memory. All subjects were assessed during 3 stages pre-training, in training, and follow-up by go/no-go task. Variance analysis (repeated measures) and Bonferroni test were used to analyze the data.Results Results of the repeated measure ANOVA indicated that the emotional working memory training results showed increase in the ability of participants in cognitive control, the reaction time of correct response in go/no-go task from pretest (M=402) to post test (M=121/60), and then, the follow-up (113/80) (P<0.001, F=359/60).Conclusion Based on the results of the current study, emotional working memory training was an appropriate method to increase cognitive control in adolescents with PTSD. Therefore, it is suggested to conduct further similar studies by this training method on other clinical groups with larger sample size.
Psychology
Samereh Asadi Majreh; Bahman Akbari
Volume 25, Issue 6 , November and December 2018, , Pages 819-828
Abstract
Background and Aim: The spread of violence and aggression in Iranian society, especially in recent years, is one of the most serious social harm. The present study aimed to determine a structural model for aggression based on the emotion regulation, alexithymia, impulsivity and sensation seeking in students.Materials ...
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Background and Aim: The spread of violence and aggression in Iranian society, especially in recent years, is one of the most serious social harm. The present study aimed to determine a structural model for aggression based on the emotion regulation, alexithymia, impulsivity and sensation seeking in students.Materials and Methods: The method of this research is descriptive and the research design is correlation of the type of structural equation modeling. Sample of the research includes 210 students (136 girls and 74 boys) from the Islamic Azad University of Rasht in the second semester in 1391-97 year that They were selected by cluster sampling method and completed aggression questionnaire (AQ), emotional dysregulation scale (DERS), Baret's impulsivity questionnaire, Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TASS), and Zuckerman's sensation seeking Scale. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive indexes, Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling.Results: The results of this study showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the variables of emotion dysregulation, impulsivity, alexithymia and sensation seeking with aggression in students (P
Maryam Mirzaei; Elham Sepahvand; Robab Sahaf; Samaneh Mirzaei; Ahmad Pakdel
Abstract
Backgrounds Physical and cognitive impairment in the elderly interferes in their health. Cognitive impairment, as a common complication in the elderly, attracted the attention of many specialists. The current study aimed at assessing the psychological disorders in the elderly living in nursing homes ...
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Backgrounds Physical and cognitive impairment in the elderly interferes in their health. Cognitive impairment, as a common complication in the elderly, attracted the attention of many specialists. The current study aimed at assessing the psychological disorders in the elderly living in nursing homes in Khorramabad, Iran.Methods & Materials The current descriptive-analytical study employed census method to evaluate 70 residents of Sedigh Nursing Home in Khorramabad, 2014. Data were collected by the standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to assess cognitive status. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16, and descriptive and inferential statistics tests (Chi-square).Results Out of 70 study subjects, 48 (68.6%) were female. The mean age of the subjects was 5.6±4.69 years; ranged 60 to 91 years. Generally, 74.3% of the subjects had different levels of cognitive impairment; (27.1%) mild, (34.3%) moderate, and (22.9%) severe.Conclusion Based on the high prevalence of cognitive impairment among the study subjects, it is recommended to employ measures such as reducing stress and doing proper exercises and cognitive behavior therapies to manage or postpone cognitive impairments. Also, early diagnosis of cognitive impairment in the elderly is recommended. Future well designed studies on community-dwelling older adults are suggested.
Aging
Azadeh Hajipour; Maryam Javadi; Mahnaz Abbasi; Isa Mohammadi Zeidi
Volume 28, Issue 6 , January and February 2022, , Pages 923-935
Abstract
Introduction: The present study was conducted to determine the effect of education on glycemic control in the elderly with type 2 diabetes.Methods: The present study was a randomized controlled intervention that was performed on 110 elderly people with type 2 diabetes by multi-stage random sampling method ...
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Introduction: The present study was conducted to determine the effect of education on glycemic control in the elderly with type 2 diabetes.Methods: The present study was a randomized controlled intervention that was performed on 110 elderly people with type 2 diabetes by multi-stage random sampling method in Mallard city (55 in the intervention group and 55 in the control group). The cases received 2 intensive training sessions and then the training follow-up by sending daily SMS to the mobile phone for a period of three months. Data related to demographic status, anthropometric indices, self-care rate and glucose profile indices of patients were collected before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22 and independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and ANOVA.Results: Comparison of glucose profiles of control and intervention patients before and after three months of educational intervention showed a significant decrease in mean FBS and HbA1c (p
Mansour Karaji Bani; Alireza Nakhaee; Farzaneh Montazeri far; Ehsan Rakhshani
Volume 22, Issue 6 , January and February 2016, , Pages 1008-1017
Abstract
Background & purpose: Ma-al-Shaeerisanon-alcoholicbeer which usually consumed in the younger generation in Islamic countries. It is regarded as having antioxidant compounds and in additiontohavingthe desirable organoleptic properties. Therefore, thisstudy designed to determine the effect of ...
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Background & purpose: Ma-al-Shaeerisanon-alcoholicbeer which usually consumed in the younger generation in Islamic countries. It is regarded as having antioxidant compounds and in additiontohavingthe desirable organoleptic properties. Therefore, thisstudy designed to determine the effect of non- alcoholic beer (Ma-al-Shaeer) intake on the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levelsinyoung people.
Material & Methods: In an interventional study,50 students including; 25 girls and 25 boys were selectedas simple random. Then,4ml ofblood was takenfroman individual before and after consumption of 240 millitr Ma-al-Shaeer respectively .After separating the serum, total antioxidant levels was measured by Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) method. Thespectrophotometric method was used for measuring the level sof uric acid and total thiols (Hu's method). Statistical analysis was done by software SPSS, version 17. It was used for determination mean, standard deviation, number and percent and also one-way ANOVA test for comparison of variables. P <0.05 was considered as significant difference between two groups.
Results: The mean age of samples 20±1.2 year. It was observed significant differenceinmean of total antioxidant level in subjectsbefore and after intervention (1312.3±301 μ mol /lvs.1374.4±345 μ mol/l) (P= 0.0001). But, there was no significant differenceinserumuricacidlevels of subjects. It was observed significant difference between mean serum levels of totalthiols of subjects in before and after intervention (0.42 ± 0.22 mg/ dl vs. 0.59 ± 0.18 mg/dl) (P= 0.0001). There was a significantpositive correlation between consumption of total antioxidant level and totalthiol of subjects in before(r=1, P< 0.0005) and after (r= 1, P< 0.0005) intervention respectively.
Conclusion: Results showed thatnon-alcoholic drink Ma-al-Shaeer dramatically increased serum TAC and protein thiols in subjects. According to effect of antioxidant in health, it seems increase of antioxidant power in Ma-al-Shaeer can be analyzed which requires to more extensive investigation.