immunology & Biochemistry
Nafise Annabestani; Hamid Mollania; Nasrin Mollania
Abstract
Introduction: Herbal medicine, which bears fewer adverse effects than chemical medications, is becoming more popular for the treatment of diabetes.Materials and Methods: After measuring the antioxidant properties, the inhibition pattern between the extracts and the pancreatic α-amylase enzyme was ...
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Introduction: Herbal medicine, which bears fewer adverse effects than chemical medications, is becoming more popular for the treatment of diabetes.Materials and Methods: After measuring the antioxidant properties, the inhibition pattern between the extracts and the pancreatic α-amylase enzyme was determined. Diabetic mice were treated with herbal extracts and acarbose. The blood biochemical factors were then measured. The best extract examined the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs).Results: The extracts of saffron and chamomile petals showed an inhibitory effect on the α-amylase enzyme with a competitive and mixed pattern, respectively. FBS had a significant decrease in all treatment groups, and only in the group treated with an ultrasound-assisted aqueous extract of saffron petals did insulin levels increase significantly. The ALT enzyme decreased significantly in the presence of saffron extract. The reduction of the AST factor is significant only in chamomile extract. The results showed that for optimal synthesis of silver nanoparticles, values of temperature, pH, time, and silver nitrate salt concentration were 55°C, pH = 10, 4 hours, and 1.2 mM, respectively.Conclusion: The plant extracts studies can efficiently lower the blood sugar levels, increase insulin production, and regulate liver enzymes in the blood. As a result, they have a good impact on diabetes treatment. These extracts outperform the chemical medication acarbose in terms of efficacy and have no negative effects on the liver. The saffron extract demonstrates the ability to synthesize Ag-NP, which is frequently employed in biomedical applications.
Physical Education
tayebe Amiri Parsa; Seyyed Reza Attarzadeh hosseini; Nahid Bijeh; Mohammadreza Hamedinia
Volume 28, Issue 2 , May and June 2021, , Pages 197-206
Abstract
Introduction: The most common cause of polyneuropathy is diabetes. Very few studies have investigated the effects of combined training on diabetes and diabetic-peripheral neuropathy complications. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of four months aerobicresistance training on glycosylated ...
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Introduction: The most common cause of polyneuropathy is diabetes. Very few studies have investigated the effects of combined training on diabetes and diabetic-peripheral neuropathy complications. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of four months aerobicresistance training on glycosylated haemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglyceride and insulin resistance in postmenopausal women with diabetic-peripheral neuropathy . Materials and methods: For this purpose, 21 patients with diabetic neuropathy, were divided into two groups of control (n =10) and experimental (n =11). The experimental group performed resistance - aerobic training three sessions per week for four months. Subjects’ fasting serum samples were obtained before the start of the study and after the first, second, third and fourth months of training. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and repeated measures ANOVA . Results: Total cholesterol, triglyceride, insulin resistance and glycosylated hemoglobin levels, as well as weight and fat percentage in the experimental group did not change significantly (P> 0.05) . Conclusion: Stabilized glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetic-neuropathy patients and no increase in total cholesterol, insulin resistance and triglyceride levels within four months is clinically important and indicate that regular resistance - aerobic training can delay progression and complications of the disease.
Physical Education
shila Nayebi far; Elham Ghasemi
Volume 28, Issue 1 , January and February 2021, , Pages 106-114
Abstract
Introduction: The assessment of changes in liver Aminotranspherases and Insulin resistance following 4 weeks of exercise trainings have been of great importance in order to prevent liver diseases. The purpose of present study is to determine the effect of 4 weeks of high intensity interval trainings ...
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Introduction: The assessment of changes in liver Aminotranspherases and Insulin resistance following 4 weeks of exercise trainings have been of great importance in order to prevent liver diseases. The purpose of present study is to determine the effect of 4 weeks of high intensity interval trainings together with ginger on serum levels of liver enzymes and insulin resistance in pioneer football players. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 46 football pioneer men (40-50 years) were selected according to selective and on purpose sampling, and were divided into 4 groups of Ginger+Training, Gnger, Training+placebo and control. The training groups performed high intensity trainings for 4 weeks with 90% HRmax while supplementation groups consumed 3×1000 mg ginger capsules daily. Blood sampling was done before and 48 hours after the intervention in fasting state. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-wilk, Two way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests in p < 0.05 significant level. Results: 4 weeks of ginger and HIIT decreased HOMA, ALT, AST, Glucose, Insulin, weight, WC and BMI significantly in experimental groups (Ginger, Train-Ginger, Train-placebo) compared to pretest (p≤0.05). The mean changes in mentioned indices showed better improvements in ginger+training group compared to other groups (p≤0.05). Conclusion: It seems that ginger intake together with high intensity interval exercises is an efficient factor in non-alcoholic fatty liver prevention and improvement by augmentation in fat metabolism through putting desirable results on serum liver enzymes, insulin resistance and body composition in pioneer football men players.
Physical Education
Nasrin Jahanshiri; nahid bijeh
Volume 27, Issue 2 , July and August 2020, , Pages 173-181
Abstract
Introduction:Menopause is natural phenomenon and it is a stage of a woman's life in which, the menstruation period ends as a result of the reduction of the ovaries activity and the lack of estrogen. Since blood pressure and insulin resistance is a major problem in older women, The purpose of this study ...
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Introduction:Menopause is natural phenomenon and it is a stage of a woman's life in which, the menstruation period ends as a result of the reduction of the ovaries activity and the lack of estrogen. Since blood pressure and insulin resistance is a major problem in older women, The purpose of this study would be studying the The effect of combined training with and without consuming the flaxseed on the Insulin resistance and blood pressure of postmenopausal womenmethods:this quasi-experimental study,27postmenopausal women with the age group of 50 to 60 years old and the BMI equal to 25 to30kg/m2, were selected using the available sampling method. Then they were randomly divided into two groups called the combined training(12people)and the combined training plus flaxseed(15people).The aerobic exercise was preformed with the intensity of 60to80 percent of the maximal heart rate and the resistance exercise with the intensity of60to80 percent of a maximal repetition .complementary was given by using25 gr of the milled flaxseed.The blood samples were collected for measuring insulin resistance and analyzed using SPSS software and Independent and independent t test, respectively, to compare intra-group and inter-group differences at a significant level of P
Physical Education
Mojgan Zaminafshan; Amin Isanejad; Mahmoud Nikseresht; Fatemeh Izaddoust
Volume 27, Issue 2 , July and August 2020, , Pages 237-244
Abstract
Background Leptin is mainly produced in adipose tissue and plays an important role in regulating glucose metabolism. It seems that exercise training can improve glucose homeostasis and leptin level in human. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of aerobic interval, non-liner ...
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Background Leptin is mainly produced in adipose tissue and plays an important role in regulating glucose metabolism. It seems that exercise training can improve glucose homeostasis and leptin level in human. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of aerobic interval, non-liner resistance and concurrent training on the level of serum leptin and insulin resistance in overweight women. Materials and Methods In this semi-experimental study, 40 volunteers women were randomly assigned (n = 10 each) to non‐training control, aerobic interval training, non-liner resistance training, or concurrent training group. Subjects in Exercise group were on 12-week supervised exercise training program of four three per week, whereas the control group maintained a sedentary lifestyle. Insulin resistance and leptin were assessed from fasting blood samples before and after 12-week of intervention. All data were analyzed using Statistical software version 24 and the levels of statistical significance were set at P
Khatereh Kamali; Asieh Abbasi Daloii; Ahmad Abdi; Seyyed Javad Ziaolhagh; Alireza Barari
Volume 22, Issue 5 , November and December 2015, , Pages 823-831
Abstract
Background Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible effect of 8-week aerobic exercise on undercarboxylated osteocalcin and hs-CRP and insulin resistance in overweight women. Materials & Methods: 20 overweight women (weight 73.19 ± 2.28 kg, age 39.38 ± ...
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Background Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible effect of 8-week aerobic exercise on undercarboxylated osteocalcin and hs-CRP and insulin resistance in overweight women. Materials & Methods: 20 overweight women (weight 73.19 ± 2.28 kg, age 39.38 ± 3.66 years old, height 1.61 ± 0.04 cm, and body mass index(BMI) 28.19 ± 4.36 kg/m2) were randomly selected and divided into control and experimental groups. Blood samples from participants were taken 48 hours before pre-test and also after 8 weeks of training. Aerobic exercise was done within 8 weeks – 3 sessions per week with the intensity of 65-70% of reserve heart rate. Data analysis for intragroup and intergroup differences was done using dependent and independent t-test, respectively. A significant difference was observed at pResults: The study yielded that the level of undercarboxylated osteocalcin in experimental group significantly increased (p=0.01) in comparison to that of control group. It was also revealed that, in comparison with control group, the level of hs-CRP (p=0.083) and insulin resistance (p=0.158) in experimental group insignificantly decreased after 8-week training. Conclusions: The eight weeks of regular exercise showed significant increase in undercarboxylated osteocalcin that, with possible impact on beta cells, can be cause improvement in effective factors of resistance insulin such as increased insulin secretion and decreased glucose levels.
Nahid Bijeh; Alireza Delpasand; Keivan Hejazi
Volume 21, Issue 6 , January and February 2015, , Pages 1163-1172
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Aerobic training can be affected in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) which is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women. However, it's worth saying that different intensities of aerobic exercises for curing the disease is in ambiguous. The purpose of this study was ...
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Background and Objectives: Aerobic training can be affected in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) which is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women. However, it's worth saying that different intensities of aerobic exercises for curing the disease is in ambiguous. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks aerobic training with different intensities on levels of insulin, fasting glucose and insulin resistance in female rats with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, forty adult eight-week rats with Wistar race (185±22 gr) after induction of PCOS, divided into four groups: healthy control, polycystic control, low-and moderate-intensity groups. They took part in eight-week program of aerobic exercise with 45% maximal oxygen consumption (equal 15m/min speed) and 65% maximal oxygen consumption (equal 25m/min speed), within three days a week for two period of 35 minutes with 10 min rest between periods. Data were collected and analyzed by Spss software (version16.0). One way analysis of variance test (ANOVA) was used for comparisons between groups. The level of significance was considered 0.05.
Results: The results showed that there were no significant differences in the level of insulin and glucose in any groups. Insulin resistance in polycystic moderate intensity group compared to control PCOS group had a significant reduction (p=0.035).
Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that aerobic exercise with moderate intensity and with reduction of insulin resistance can be considered as a non-pharmacological treatment method for recovery polycystic ovary syndrome patients.
AmirHossein Haghighi; Hadi YarAhmadi; Maliheh Shojaee
Volume 20, Issue 5 , March and April 2014, , Pages 623-634
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Visfatin is a newly discovered adipokine which increases with obesity. It is not clear whether endurance training which induces changes in adipose tissue and blood lipids might decrease the plasma level of visfatin as well. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ...
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Abstract
Introduction: Visfatin is a newly discovered adipokine which increases with obesity. It is not clear whether endurance training which induces changes in adipose tissue and blood lipids might decrease the plasma level of visfatin as well. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 9 weeks of aerobic training on serum visfatin level and insulin resistance index in obese women.
Materials and methods: Method of research was semiexperimental. Twenty-eight obese female volunteered and were randomly divided into experimental (14 subjects with means of weight 82 ± 10.2 kg, and BMI 34.2 ± 4.3 kg/m2) and control (14 subjects with means of weight 79.9 ± 9.5 kg, and BMI 34 ± 3.9 kg/m2) groups. Aerobic training protocol consisted of 4 sessions per week for 9 weeks. Each training session was a slow running trial at intensity of 65 to 75 percent of maximal heart rate for a period of 15 minutes. To follow the principle of overload, half-a-minute was added to each session after the second week, so that, at the last session the running time reached to 31 minutes. Before and after the training period, blood sampling was performed. Data were analyzed using independent t test and ANCOVA.
Results: Results showed significant reduction of serum visfatin level (p < 0.05), and no significant difference in insulin resistance index, serum HDL, LDL, TC and TG between the control and experimental groups (p > 0.05). In addition, aerobic training reduced significantly body mass index, body weight, waist to hip ratio, body fat percent, and increased significantly maximum oxygen uptake (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: It can be said that 9 weeks of aerobic training can cause significant reduction of serum visfatin and no significant change in insulin resistance index in obese women.
AmiriHossein Haghighi; Hadi Yarahmadi; Abdolhamed Darijani
Volume 20, Issue 3 , September and October 2013, , Pages 310-319
Abstract
Background: Smoking can decrease adiponectin serum and increase insulin resistance index. The purpose of present study was to examine the effect of one session of exhaustive aerobic exercise on levels of adiponectin serum and insulin resistance index in smoker men.
Materials and methods: A semi-experimental ...
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Background: Smoking can decrease adiponectin serum and increase insulin resistance index. The purpose of present study was to examine the effect of one session of exhaustive aerobic exercise on levels of adiponectin serum and insulin resistance index in smoker men.
Materials and methods: A semi-experimental design was used. The target population consisted of smoker students of the Hakim Sabzevari University, from whom twelve smoker male students volunteered and were randomly divided into three situations; control, exhaustive aerobic exercise at 70-75% intensity of maximal heart rate, and exhaustive aerobic exercise at 90-95% intensity of maximal heart rate, in a crossover design.Two situations of aerobic exhaustive exercise programs involved running on treadmill with intensities of 70-75% and 90-95% of maximum heart rate of the subjects. During this period, the control group did not perform any physical activity. To calculate changes in plasma volume and measurement of adiponectin, glucose, insulin and lipid profile indices blood samples were collected before and immediately after performing of aerobic exercises. Data were analyzed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Results: After the correction of results with respect to plasma volume changes, no significant differences in serum of adiponectin levels (P=0.825) and insulin resistance index (P=0.756) were determined between the control and experimental situations. Furthermore, no significant difference was observed among the three situations in the glucose (P=0.633), insulin (P=0.768), low density lipoprotein (P=0.075), high density lipoprotein (P=0.131), total cholesterol (P=0.559), and serum triglyceride (P=0.641).
Conclusion: One session of exhaustive aerobic exercise with two different intensities has no effect on levels of serum adiponectin and insulin resistance index in smoker men. However, to achieve more conclusive results, further investigation is warranted.
Mohammad Seyyedahmadi; Akbar Pejhan; Fattah Moradi; Soran Aminiaghaddam
Volume 19, Issue 4 , January and February 2013, , Pages 325-335
Abstract
Background: Adiponectin is the one of adipocytokines, which may be a marker for coronary artery disease and appears to have protective metabolic and anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this study was to survey relationships between serum adiponectin levels with insulin resistance, blood pressure, ...
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Background: Adiponectin is the one of adipocytokines, which may be a marker for coronary artery disease and appears to have protective metabolic and anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this study was to survey relationships between serum adiponectin levels with insulin resistance, blood pressure, and cardio-respiratory function in sedentary men. Methods and Materials: In semi-experimental study, forty five young men, without experience of regular physical activity during six months ago, were selected. After 12 h fasting (at 8 A.M.), blood samples were collected to determine serum levels of adiponectin, insulin, and glucose. Cardio-respiratory function of subjects was estimated using Balke's treadmill protocol and their blood pressures were measured by sphygmomanometer. Data was analyzed by SPSS 16.0 software and the relationships were calculated by Pearson’s correlation analysis. P value of less than 0.01 was considered statistically significant. Results: Adiponectin levels were negatively correlated to body mass index (r = –0.41, p < 0.002), insulin (r = –0.45, p < 0.009), glucose (r = –0.27, p < 0.007), and HOMA index (r = –0.40, p < 0.002), while positively correlated to maximal oxygen uptake (r = 0.31, p < 0.006). No significant correlations were observed between adiponectin levels and systolic (r = –0.13, p < 0.097) and diastolic blood pressure (r = –0.09, p < 0.117). Conclusions: It appears that in sedentary men, who have lower cardio-respiratory fitness, lower adiponectin levels may be associated with disorder in glycemic, and this promotes probability of diabetes type II and cardiovascular diseases in these subjects. Also, serum concentrations of adiponectin are directly correlated with cardio-respiratory function, but it appears that there is no correlation between adiponectin levels and blood pressure.