نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی‌درمانی تبریز، تبریز، ایران.
2 دانشیار، گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی‌درمانی تبریز، تبریز، ایران.
3 کارشناس ارشد، گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی‌درمانی سبزوار، سبزوار، ایران.
چکیده
اهداف گرفتگی عضلانی، انقباض دردناک، موضعی، قابل لمس و غیرارادی عضلات اسکلتی است که به دلایل مختلف ازجمله کمبود ویتامین‌های تغذیه‌ای به وجود می‌آید و از نشانه‌های شایع، به‌ویژه در سه ماهه سوم بارداری و یکی از علل اختلالات خواب در بارداری است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین شیوع گرفتگی عضلات پا در سه ماهه سوم بارداری و ارتباط آن با رفتار تغذیه‌ای در سال‌های 1392-1393 انجام شد.
مواد و روش ها این مطالعه مقطعی روی 439 زن باردار مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز و پایگاه‌های بهداشتی‌درمانی شهر تبریز که به صورت تصادفی انتخاب شده بودند انجام گرفت. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها پرسش‌نامه چهار قسمتی شامل اطلاعات فردی‌اجتماعی، مشخصات مامایی، زیردامنه رفتار تغذیه‌ای پرسش‌نامه سبک زندگی ارتقادهنده سلامت ((HPLP-2 و اطلاعات مربوط به ویژگی‌های گرفتگی پا بود. از نسخه 16 نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS و آمار توصیفی و تحلیلی شامل آزمون‌های تی مستقل، پیرسون و مجذور خی برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها استفاده شد.
یافته ها 57/۹ درصد از شرکت‌کنندگان از گرفتگی عضلات پا در سه ماهه سوم بارداری رنج می‌بردند. متوسط سن بارداری شروع گرفتگی عضلات پا هفته ۲۳±۸ و به‌طور میانگین ۶±۷ بار در هفته گزارش شد. متوسط طول مدت گرفتگی عضلات پا 1/178±2/40 دقیقه و شدت درد گرفتگی عضلات پا ۶±۲ بود. بین هیچ‌یک از ویژگی‌های گرفتگی عضلات پا شامل تعداد و شدت و طول مدت گرفتگی عضلانی با میانگین نمره رفتار تغذیه‌ای و مصرف مکمل ارتباط معنادار آماری وجود نداشت (05/0<P).
نتیجه گیری گرفتگی عضلات پا جزء عوارض شایع در سه ماهه سوم بارداری است و با رفتارهای تغذیه‌ای در دوران بارداری ارتباطی ندارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Prevalence of Leg Cramps in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy and Its Relationship to Nutritional Behavior and Consumption Supplementation in Pregnancy
نویسندگان [English]
- Ameneh Mansouri 1
- Mojgan Mirghafourvand 2
- Sakineh Mohammad Alizadeh Charandabi 2
- Farzaneh Khodabandeh 3
1 MSc., Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
3 MSc., Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzerar, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Backgrounds Muscle cramp is a local, tangible, and involuntary spasm that usually involves the calf skeletal muscle; it is also one of the most common symptoms, particularly in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. The current study aimed at determining the prevalence of leg cramps in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy and its relationship with nutritional behavior and consumption of supplements.
Methods & Materials The current cross sectional study was conducted on 439 pregnant females referred to Tabriz health care centers, Iran, from 2013 to 2014; the subjects were randomly selected from all pregnant females referred to the health care centers. Data were collected by a 4-part questionnaire including sociodemographic, obstetric characteristics, nutritional behavior of sub-health promotion lifestyle questionnaire (HPLP-2), and information about the features of leg cramps. Data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics including independent t, Pearson correlation, and Chi-square tests.
Results According to the results of the current study, 57.9% of the participants developed leg cramps in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of the cramp numbers per week was 6.0±178.17, length of leg cramps 40.2±178.1 minutes, and severity of leg cramps 6.0±2.6. There was no significant correlation between the characteristics of leg cramps in pregnancy including number, length, severity, mean score of nutritional behavior, and consumption of supplements.
Conclusion Leg cramp is a common side effect in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. It is the best to perform clinical trials to prevent and treat leg cramps during pregnancy.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- prevalence
- Cramps
- pregnancy
- Nutrition
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