نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
- سید منصور کشفی 1
- مریم یزدان‌خواه 1
- علی خانی جیحونی 2
- محمدجواد معتمدی 1
- اکبر بابایی‌حیدرآبادی 3
- مرجان وجدانی 4
1 استادیار، گروه بهداشت عمومی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران.
2 استادیار، گروه بهداشت عمومی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی‌درمانی فسا، فسا، ایران.
3 دانشجوی دکترا، گروه بهداشت عمومی ، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی‌درمانی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
4 مربی، مرکز تحقیقات سلامت سالمندان، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی‌درمانی سبزوار، سبزوار، ایران.
چکیده
اهداف خودکشی از معضلات مهم بهداشتی است. در ایران خودکشی همانند اغلب کشورهای جهان در چند دهه اخیر افزایش قابل ملاحظه‌ای داشته است. این مطالعه با هدف شناسایی عوامل خطر و زمینه‌ساز اقدام به خودکشی و به منظور ارائه راهکارها و برنامه‌ریزی‌های مناسب برای پیشگیری و درمان بهتر افراد در معرض خطر انجام شده است.
مواد و روش ها این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی‌تحلیلی است. جامعه آماری شامل تمام موارد اقدام به خودکشی طی سال 1390 می‌شود. بدین منظور 545 پرونده به شیوه طبقه‌ای متناسب بررسی شد. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات چک‌لیست شامل سن، جنسیت، سابقه اقدام به خودکشی و غیره بود. داده‌ها با استفاده از نسخه 19 نرم‌افزار SPSS و آزمون‌های توصیفی تجزیه‌وتحلیل شدند.
یافته ها طبق نتایج 7/36درصد از افرادی که به خودکشی اقدام کرده بودند مرد و 3/63درصد از آن‌ها زن بودند. اکثر اقدام‌کنندگان به خودکشی مجرد (9/53درصد) و در رده سنی 14 تا 24 سال (9/54درصد) و ساکن شهر (1/90درصد) بودند. بیشترین میزان خودکشی در فصل زمستان (6/30درصد) بوده است. 3/74درصد از افراد برای خودکشی از دارو استفاده کرده بودند. شایع‌ترین علت اقدام به خودکشی در افراد متأهل مشکلات زناشویی بوده است.
نتیجه گیری بر مبنای یافته‌ها، تشویق به ازدواج صحیح، مشاوره قبل از ازدواج، آموزش و حمایت روانی در زمینه مسائل اجتماعی، ترویج فرهنگ صحیح شهرنشینی، استفاده صحیح از دارو و گسترش امید و نشاط بین مردم و خصوصاً جوانان می‌تواند در پیشگیری از خودکشی مؤثر و مفید واقع شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Study of Important Risk Factors of Suicide Attempts in Patients Admitted to Hospitals Covered by Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
نویسندگان [English]
- Seyyd Mansour Kashfi 1
- Maryam Yazdankhah 1
- Al Khani Jeihooni 2
- Mohammad Javad Motamedi 1
- Akbar Babaei Heydarabadi 3
- Marjan Vejdani 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health, School of Health, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
3 PhD. Candidate, Department of Public Health, School of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4 Instructor, Iranian Research Center on Healthy Aging, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Background Suicide is one of the important health problems. In Iran, like most countries in the world, suicide has considerably increased in recent decades and its reduction is one of the key goals of the health system. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for suicide to provide appropriate strategies and planning of practitioners for better prevention and treatment of people at risk.
Methods & Materials This is a desriptive correlational study. The study population comprised all suicide attempts in 2011. To this end, 545 records were examined in proportional stratified manner. The device of collecting data was a checklist, including age, sex, history of suicide attempt,etc. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive tests using SPSS19.
Results Based on the results, 36.7% of the subjects who attempted sucide were men and 63.3% were women. The majority of suicide attempters were single (53.9%), aged 14-24 years (54.9%) and were city residents (90.1%). Suicide rates were highest in winter (30.6%). Among suicide attempters, 74.3% had used drugs. The most common reasons of attempting for suicide among married persons were marital problems.
Conclusion According to the findings, promotion of healthy marriage, premarital consultation, social and mental support with regard to social problems, promotion of correct urbanization culture, correct use of medication, expansion of hope and recreation among people, especially the young could be helpful and instrumental in prevention of Suicide.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- risk factors
- Suicide
- Shiraz
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