نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناس‌ارشد، مرکز تحقیقات آلاینده‌های محیطی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قم، قم، ایران.
2 کارشناس‌ارشد، گروه بهداشت عمومی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قم، قم، ایران.
3 کارشناس‌ارشد، گروه پزشکی اجتماعی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جهرم، جهرم، ایران.
4 کارشناس‌ارشد، مرکز بهداشت استان قم، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قم، قم، ایران.
چکیده
اهداف این مطالعه با هدف تعیین توزیع مکانی (کشوری) مصرف سیگار در ایران با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی طراحی و اجرا شد.
مواد و روش ها پژوهش حاضر مطالعه‌ای توصیفی‌مقطعی است. در این پژوهش ابتدا داده‌های کشوری طرح ارزیابی عوامل خطر بیماری‌های غیرواگیر کشوری از مرکز مدیریت بیماری‌ها گرفته و میزان بروز کشوری مصرف سیگار محاسبه شد. ابزار جمع‌آوری اطلاعات پرسش‌نامه استاندارد وزارت‌خانه بود. سپس داده‌ها در نرم‌افزار اکسل وارد و در بانک اطلاعاتی مکان‌مرجع در نرم‌افزار ArcGIS پردازش شد. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از آمار توصیفی انجام شد.
یافته ها میزان شیوع کشوری مصرف سیگار در کشور 82/10درصد بود. شیوع مصرف سیگار در مردان ایرانی 39/20درصد و در زنان 02/1درصد بود. متوسط سن شروع مصرف سیگار 57/3±13/20 سال و متوسط سال‌های مصرف سیگار 23/2± 82/13 سال بود. مصرف سیگار در بسیاری از استان‌ها ازجمله تهران، آذربایجان‌غربی، اردبیل و چهارمحالوبختیاری بیشتر از میانگین کشوری بود.
نتیجه گیری استان‌های تهران، آذربایجان‌غربی، اردبیل و چهارمحالوبختیاری بیشتر از دیگر مناطق کشور درمعرض خطرات ناشی از مصرف سیگار هستند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Mapping of Cigarette Smoking in Iran by Using Geographic Information System
نویسندگان [English]
- Nahid Jesri 1
- Abedin Saghafipour 2
- Fatemeh Rezaei 3
- Moharram Karami Jooshin 4
1 MSc., Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Qom University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Qom, Iran.
2 MSc., Department of Public Health, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Qom, Iran.
3 MSc., Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
4 MSc., Health Center of Qom Province, Qom University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Qom, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Background This study aimed to assess the geographical distribution of smoking which is a risk factor for non-communicable diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disorders in Iran. In this regard, mapping of cigarette smoking was designed and implemented using Geographic Information System.
Materials & Methods This is a cross-sectional study. Initially, the national data from risk factors for non-communicable diseases screening program were collected from the Iranian Non-communicable Disease Control Center. Then, the incidence of cigarette smoking in each province was calculated. These data have been prepared by the Health Ministry. In the next step, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Then, these data were arranged in a geo-referenced database in the ArcGIS software. The map of distribution of cigarette smoking was drawn by ArcGIS version 9.3.
Results The incidence of cigarette smoking in Iran has been estimated as 10.82%. More than 20% of Iranian men currently smoke tobacco on a daily basis and this percentage among Iranian women is 1.02%. The average start age of smoking is at the age of 20.13 years. The average smoking years was 13.82 years. Cigarette smoking in many provinces, such as Tehran, West Azerbaijan, Ardebil, as well as Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, were higher than the national average.
Conclusion People in the provinces of Tehran, West Azerbaijan, Ardebil, as well as Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, are more exposed to the danger of cigarette smoking than the people in the other provinces.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Mapping
- GIS
- Cigarette smoking
- Iran
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