نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری،گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد بجنورد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بجنورد، ایران

2 استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد بجنورد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بجنورد، ایران

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی یکی از علل افت کارکردهای اجتماعی و تحصیلی دانشجویان است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، مقایسه اثربخشی تئاتردرمانی و گروه‌درمانی مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر اضطراب اجتماعی دانشجویان بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: این مطالعه از نوع نیمه‌تجربی بود. جامعه آماری شامل دانشجویان مراجعه‌کننده به مرکز مشاوره دانشجویی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد بود که از میان آن‌ها تعداد 60 دانشجو به شیوه هدفمند انتخاب و به روش تصادفی در سه گروه تئاتردرمانی (20 نفر)، درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد (20 نفر) و گروه کنترل (20 نفر) جایگزین شدند. هر سه گروه قبل و بعد از مداخلات و سه ماه پس از پایان دوره درمانی با پرسش‌نامه هراس اجتماعی (2000) (SPIN) ارزیابی شدند. داده‌ها با نرم‌افزار Spss-21 با روش واریانس آمیخته و در سطح معنی‌داری (0/05<P) تجزیه‌وتحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که هر دو رویکرد تئاتردرمانی و گروه‌درمانی مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد در مقایسه با گروه کنترل در کاهش اضطراب اجتماعی تفاوت معناداری داشته‌اند. میزان اثربخشی و تداوم تأثیرات درمانی تئاتردرمانی و درمان پذیرش و تعهد بر اضطراب اجتماعی یکسان بوده‌است.
نتیجه‌گیری: هر دو درمان از طریق حذف چرخه معیوب اضطراب اجتماعی توانستند موجب کاهش تمامی نشانه‌های اضطراب اجتماعی پس از درمان و سه ماه پیگیری شوند. بنابراین این دو رویکرد درمانی می‌توانند در قالب برنامه‌های مهارت‌های زندگی در دانشگاه‌ها مورد استفاده قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Psychodrama and Group Therapy Based on Acceptance and Commitment on Students' Social Anxiety

نویسندگان [English]

  • hamideh samadi 1
  • hossain mahdiyan 2
  • mahdi ghasemi 2

1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Psychology, Bojnourd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Bojnourd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Social anxiety disorder is one of the causes of poor social and academic functioning of students. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of Psychodrama and Group Therapy Based on Acceptance and Commitment on Students' Social Anxiety.
Materials and Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study. The statistical population included students referring to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences counselling center, from which 60 students were selected through purposeful sampling in this quasi-experimental study and randomly divided into three groups of Psychodrama (N=20), Group Therapy Based on Acceptance and Commitment (N=20) and control group (N=20). All participants were evaluated before and after the intervention and three months after the end of intervention. Social Phobia Inventory (2000) (SPIN) were used for data collection. Data analyzed by SPSS-21 software using Mixed Variance analysis and were analyzed at the significance level (P <0.05).  
Results: The results showed that both Psychodrama and Group Therapy Based on Acceptance and Commitment had significant effect on reducing Social Anxiety compared to the control group. The effectiveness and continuity of the therapeutic effects of theatrical therapy and the treatment of acceptance and commitment on social anxiety have been the same.
Conclusion: Both treatments were able to reduce all symptoms of social anxiety after treatment and follow-up for three months by eliminating the vicious cycle of social anxiety. Therefore, these two therapeutic approaches can be used in the form of life skills programs in universities

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Acceptance and commitment therapy
  • Psychodrama
  • Social anxiety
  1. Reta Y, Ayalew M, Yeneabat T, Bedaso A. Social anxiety disorder among undergraduate students of Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ethiopia. Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment. 2020;16:571.
  2. Meckamalil C, Brodie L, Hogg-Johnson S, Carroll LJ, Jacobs C, Côté P. The prevalence of anxiety, stress and depressive symptoms in undergraduate students at the Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College. Journal of American College Health. 2020:1-6.
  3. Islam S, Akter R, Sikder T, Griffiths MD. Prevalence and factors associated with depression and anxiety among first-year university students in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 2020 2:1-4.
  4. de Paula W, Breguez GS, Machado EL, Meireles AL. Prevalence of anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation symptoms among university students: a systematic review. Brazilian Journal of Health Review. 2020;3(4):8739-56.
  5. Gong J, Huang Y, Chow PI, Fua K, Gerber MS, Teachman BA, Barnes LE. Understanding behavioral dynamics of social anxiety among college students through smartphone sensors. Information Fusion. 2019;49:57-68.
  6. Wang Q, Ding F, Chen D, Zhang X, Shen K, Fan Y, Li L. Intervention effect of psychodrama on depression and anxiety: A meta-analysis based on Chinese samples. The Arts in Psychotherapy. 2020;69:101661.
  7. Testoni I, Cecchini C, Zulian M, Guglielmin MS, Ronconi L, Kirk K, Berto F, Guardigli C, Cruz AS. Psychodrama in therapeutic communities for drug addiction: A study of four cases investigated using idiographic change process analysis. The Arts in Psychotherapy. 2018;61:10-20.
  8. Cruz A, Sales C, Alves P, Moita G. The core techniques of morenian psychodrama: a systematic review of literature. Frontiers in psychology. 2018;9:1263.
  9. Şimşek G, Yalçınkaya EY, Ardıç E, Yıldırım EA. The effect of psychodrama on the empathy and social anxiety level in adolescents. Turkish Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health. 2020;27(2):96-101.
  10. Felsman P, Seifert CM, Himle JA. The use of improvisational theater training to reduce social anxiety in adolescents. The Arts in Psychotherapy. 2019;63:111-7.
  11. Akinsola EF, Udoka PA. Parental influence on social anxiety in children and adolescents: Its assessment and management using psychodrama. Psychology. 2013;4(03):246.
  12. Mosavi H, Haghayegh SA. Efficacy of Psychodrama on Social Anxiety, Self-esteem and Psychological Well-being of University Students that met Diagnosis of Social Anxiety Disorder. Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology. 2019;20(3):22-30. [Persian]
  13. Ishaqzadeh, S. and Abbaspour, p. The effectiveness of psychodrama on embarrassment and fear of negative evaluations in people with social anxiety disorder. The first national conference on art and health. 2018. [Persian]
  14. Pourrezaian M. The clinical evaluation of psychodrama's effectiveness in treatment of social anxiety: A case study. [Persian]
  15. Sariannejad Chamrani, A.R. The effectiveness of psychoanalytic approach on reducing social anxiety in high school male students in Tehran Region 5. Master Thesis. 2017. Allameh Tabatabai University. [Persian]
  16. Hayes SC, Levin ME, Plumb-Vilardaga J, Villatte JL, Pistorello J. Acceptance and commitment therapy and contextual behavioral science: Examining the progress of a distinctive model of behavioral and cognitive therapy. Behavior therapy. 2013;44(2):180-98.
  17. Krafft J, Twohig MP, Levin ME. A randomized trial of acceptance and commitment therapy and traditional cognitive-behavioral therapy self-help books for social anxiety. Cognitive Therapy and Research. 2020 ;44:954-66.
  18. Sewart AR, Niles AN, Burklund LJ, Saxbe DE, Lieberman MD, Craske MG. Examining positive and negative affect as outcomes and moderators of cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy for social anxiety disorder. Behavior therapy. 2019;50(6):1112-24.
  19. Herbert JD, Forman EM, Kaye JL, Gershkovich M, Goetter E, Yuen EK, Glassman L, Goldstein S, Hitchcock P, Tronieri JS, Berkowitz S. Randomized controlled trial of acceptance and commitment therapy versus traditional cognitive behavior therapy for social anxiety disorder: Symptomatic and behavioral outcomes. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. 2018;9:88-96.
  20. Gharraee B, Tajrishi KZ, Farani AR, Bolhari JA, Farahani HO. The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy for social anxiety disorder. International Journal of Life science and Pharma Research. 2018;8(4):1-9.
  21. Burklund LJ, Torre JB, Lieberman MD, Taylor SE, Craske MG. Neural responses to social threat and predictors of cognitive behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy in social anxiety disorder. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging. 2017;261:52-64.
  22. Ivanova E, Lindner P, Ly KH, Dahlin M, Vernmark K, Andersson G, Carlbring P. Guided and unguided Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for social anxiety disorder and/or panic disorder provided via the Internet and a smartphone application: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of anxiety disorders. 2016;44:27-35.
  23. Omidi M, Ghasemzadeh S, Dehghan HR. Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Training on Metacognitive Beliefs and Cognitive-Emotional Processing Deficit of Students with Social Anxiety Disorder. 2016. [Persian]
  24. .Ostadian Khani, Z, Fadaei Moghadam, M, The effectiveness of group therapy based on commitment and acceptance on social adjustment and social phobia of the physically disabled, J Rehabilitation, 2017; 18, )1( :63-72
  25. .Hosseni Kia M, Amiri S, Manshaee G, Nadi MA. Comparison of the Efficacy of Acceptance/Commitment Training and Social Skills Training on Social Anxiety Signs in Adolescents. Middle Eastern Journal of Disability Studies. 2018;8:114-.[Persian]
  26. .Connor, K. M., Davidson, J. R., Churchill, L. E., Sherwood, A., Weisler, R. H., & Foa, E. (2000). Psychometric properties of the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN): New self-rating scale. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 176(4), 379-386.
  27. Salajegheh S, Bakhshani N. Effectiveness of combined group exposure therapy and coping with stress skills training on social anxiety rate of university students. Knowledge and research in applied psychology. 2014;15(56):96-104. [Persian]
  28. Leveton E. A clinician's guide to psychodrama. Springer Publishing Company; 2001 Apr 10.
  29. Vøllestad J, Nielsen MB, Nielsen GH. Mindfulness‐and acceptance‐based interventions for anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta‐ British journal of clinical psychology. 2012;51(3):239-60.
  30. Mousavi, H, Haghayegh, A, The effectiveness of psychoanalysis on social anxiety, self-esteem and psychological well-being of students diagnosed with social anxiety disorder, J of Knowledge and Research in Applied Psychology, 2019,20, ) 3(, p.22- 30.[Persian]
  31. Golestani-Fard A, Rezaee S. Exploring the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on social anxiety of female high school students in Kashan city. Middle Eastern Journal of Disability Studies. 2018;8:15.[Persian]