نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 مربی، گروه ایمنی، بهداشت و محیط زیست، شرکت نفت و گاز شرق، مشهد، ایران

2 آزمایشگاه بهداشت محیط و غذا، گروه پزشکی، علوم جراحی و فناوری‌های پیشرفته، " جی، اف، اینگرسیا ”، دانشگاه کاتانیا ، کاتانیا ، ایتالیا.

3 استادیار، گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار، سبزوار، ایران.

چکیده

زمینه و هدف  هیدروکربن‌های پلی‌آروماتیک[1] بر سلامت انسان و محیط‌زیست در کوتاه‌مدت و بلندمدت تأثیرات منفی متعددی دارد. در این مطالعه به بررسی سیستماتیک مطالعات انجام شده در زمینه حذف PAHs از خاک‌های آلوده با استفاده از روش الکتروکنیتیک و تعیین پارامترهای تأثیرگذار بر این فرایند پرداخته شده است.
مواد و روش‌‌ها این تحقیق، یک مطالعه مروری نظام‌مند می‌باشد. برای این منظور، ابتدا کلیدواژه‌های مرتبط با آلاینده‌های نفتی و روش الکتروکنتیک تهیه شد. جستجو در پایگاه‌های علمی شامل Scopus،  Web of Scienceو PubMed انجام گرفت. پس از اتمام جستجو در هر پایگاه مقالات به نرم‌افزار Endnote منتقل شد و غربالگری تا رسیدن به مقالاتی که کاملاً به موضوع ارتباط دارند انجام گردید.
یافته‌ها به‌طور کلی571 مقاله تا تاریخ 10 سپتامبر سال 2018 از پایگاه‌های ذکر شده پیدا گردید. سپس با حذف موارد تکراری و موارد غیرمرتبط با موضوع، 10 مطالعه موردبررسی دقیق قرار گرفت. مطالعات بررسی شده مربوط به سال‌های 2000 تا سال 2017 بود. در سه مطالعه از روش الکتروکنتیک به همراه سورفاکتانت‌ها و بیوسورفاکتانت‌ها شده بود. چهار مطالعه از روش تجزیه زیستی به همراه فرایند الکتروکنتیک بهره برده بود. تلفیق فرایند الکتروکنتیک با سایر فرایندها می‌تواند کارایی این فرایند را در حذف PAHs از خاک تا حد بسیار بالایی در زمان‌های نسبتاً کوتاه (کمتر از 1 ماه) افزایش دهد.
نتیجه‌گیری با توجه تأثیرگذاری پارامترهای مختلف بر فرایند، انجام یک پایلوت آزمایشگاهی برای بهینه گرفتن فرایند قبل از اجرای این روش به صورت میدانی توصیه می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation the performance of electrokinetic method on removal of polyaromatic hydrocarbons from contaminated soils: A systematic review

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyyed Mostafa Abtahi 1
  • Mohammad Taghi Alipour 1
  • Mahmoud Naghdbishi 1
  • Gea Oliveri Conti 2
  • Mohammad Miri 3

1 Instructor, Health, Safety and Environment Group, Shargh Oil and Gas Company, Mashhad, Iran

2 Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratory, Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have several adverse effects on human health and environment in the short and long term. In this study, a systematic review of the studies carried out to date on the removal of PAHs from contaminated soils by electrokinetic method and determining the parameters affecting this process has been investigated. Materials and Methods: This research is a systematic review study. For this purpose, the keywords related to PAHs pollutants and electrokinetic methods were first prepared. Search in scientific databases including Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed was done. After completion of the search, the findings of search was transferred to the Endnote software and screening was done to reach articles that are fully related to the subject. Results: A total of 571 articles were found until September 10, 2018 from the mentioned data basis. Then, 10 studies were carefully reviewed after removing duplicates and non-compliant items. The included studies were from 2000 to 2017. In 3 studies, electrochemical methods with surfactants and biosurfactants were used. Four studies utilized biodegradation techniques along with electro-kinetics. Combination of the electrokinetic with other processes can increase the efficiency of this process in removing PAHs from soil in a short period (less than 1 month). Conclusion: Considering the influence of different parameters on the process, it is recommended to conduct a pilot test to optimize the process before the implementation of this method.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Contaminated soils
  • Polyaromatic hydrocarbons
  • Systematic review
  • Electroconect
[1]. Virkutyte J, Sillanpää M, Latostenmaa P. Electrokinetic soil remediation—critical overview. Science of the Total Environment. 2002;289(1):97-121.
[2]. Lopez-Vizcaino R, Navarro V, Leon MJ, Risco C, Rodrigo MA, Saez C, et al. Scale-up on electrokinetic remediation: Engineering and technological parameters. Journal of hazardous materials. 2016;315:135-43.
[3]. Lin W, Guo C, Zhang H, Liang X, Wei Y, Lu G, et al. Electrokinetic-Enhanced Remediation of PhenanthreneContaminated Soil Combined with Sphingomonas sp. GY2B and Biosurfactant. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology. 2016;178(7):1325-38.
[4]. dos Santos EV, Medeiros MO, dos Anjos ASD, MartinezHuitle CA, da Silva DR. Application of Electrochemical Technologies to Treat Polluted Soil by Diesel. In: Palmas S, Mascia M, Vacca A, editors. 10th Esee: European Symposium on Electrochemical Engineering. Chemical Engineering Transactions. 2014: 157-62.
[5]. Mena E, Ruiz C, Villaseñor J, Rodrigo MA, Cañizares P. Biological permeable reactive barriers coupled with electrokinetic soil flushing for the treatment of dieselpolluted clay soil. Journal of hazardous materials. 2015;283:131-9.
[6]. Ramírez EM, Camacho JV, Rodrigo MA, Cañizares P. Combination of bioremediation and electrokinetics for the in-situ treatment of diesel polluted soil: a comparison of strategies. Science of the Total Environment. 2015;533:30716.
[7]. Tsai TT, Sah J, Kao CM. Application of iron electrode corrosion enhanced electrokinetic-Fenton oxidation to remediate diesel contaminated soils: A laboratory feasibility study. Journal of Hydrology. 2010;380(1-2):4-13.
[8]. Kim J, Lee K. Effects of electric field directions on surfactant enhanced electrokinetic remediation of dieselcontaminated sand column. Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering. 1999;34(4):863-77.
[9]. Kim S, Han S. Application of an enhanced electrokinetic ion injection system to bioremediation. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution. 2003;146(1):365-77.
[10]. Reddy KR, Darko-Kagya K, Al-Hamdan AZ. Electrokinetic remediation of pentachlorophenol contaminated clay soil. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution. 2011;221(1-4):35-44.
[11]. Suzuki T, Moribe M, Okabe Y, Niinae M. A mechanistic study of arsenate removal from artificially contaminated clay soils by electrokinetic remediation. Journal of hazardous materials. 2013;254:310-7. [12]. López-Vizcaíno R, Yustres A, León M, Saez C, Cañizares P, Rodrigo M, et al. Multiphysics Implementation of Electrokinetic Remediation Models for Natural Soils and Porewaters. Electrochimica Acta. 2017;225:93-104.
[13]. Risco C, López-Vizcaíno R, Sáez C, Yustres A, Cañizares P, Navarro V, et al. Remediation of soils polluted with 2, 4-D by electrokinetic soil flushing with facing rows of electrodes: a case study in a pilot plant. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2016;285:128-36.
[14]. Ammami M, Portet-Koltalo F, Benamar A, Duclairoir-Poc C, Wang H, Le Derf F. Application of biosurfactants and periodic voltage gradient for enhanced electrokinetic remediation of metals and PAHs in dredged marine sediments. Chemosphere. 2015;125:1-8.
[15]. Iannelli R, Masi M, Ceccarini A, Ostuni M, Lageman R, Muntoni A, et al. Electrokinetic remediation of metalpolluted marine sediments: experimental investigation for plant design. Electrochimica Acta. 2015;181:146-59.
[16]. Saichek RE, Reddy KR. Electrokinetically enhanced remediation of hydrophobic organic compounds in soils: a review. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology. 2005;35(2):115-92.
[17]. Leštan D, Luo C-l, Li X-d. The use of chelating agents in the remediation of metal-contaminated soils: a review. Environmental Pollution. 2008;153(1):3-13.
[18]. Acar YB, Gale RJ, Alshawabkeh AN, Marks RE, Puppala S, Bricka M, et al. Electrokinetic remediation: basics and technology status. Journal of hazardous materials. 1995;40(2):117-37.
[19]. Gomes HI, Dias-Ferreira C, Ribeiro AB. Electrokinetic remediation of organochlorines in soil: enhancement techniques and integration with other remediation technologies. Chemosphere. 2012;87(10):1077-90.
[20]. Page MM, Page CL. Electroremediation of contaminated soils. Journal of Environmental Engineering. 2002;128(3):208-19.
[21]. Mena E, Villaseñor J, Rodrigo MA, Cañizares P. Electrokinetic remediation of soil polluted with insoluble organics using biological permeable reactive barriers: Effect of periodic polarity reversal and voltage gradient. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2016;299:30-6.
[22]. Lee J-Y, Kwon T-S, Park J-Y, Choi S, Kim EJ, Lee HU, et al. Electrokinetic (EK) removal of soil co-contaminated with petroleum oils and heavy metals in three-dimensional (3D) small-scale reactor. Process Safety and Environmental Protection. 2016;99:186-93.
[23]. Dong Z-Y, Huang W-H, Xing D-F, Zhang H-F. Remediation of soil co-contaminated with petroleum and heavy metals by the integration of electrokinetics and biostimulation. Journal of hazardous materials. 2013;260:399-408.
[24]. Boulakradeche MO, Akretche DE, Cameselle C, Hamidi N. Enhanced Electrokinetic Remediation of Hydrophobic Organics ontaminated Soils by the Combinations of NonIonic and Ionic Surfactants. Electrochimica Acta. 2015;174:1057-66.
[25]. Hahladakis JN, Latsos A, Gidarakos E. Performance of electroremediation in real contaminated sediments using a big cell, periodic voltage and innovative surfactants. Journal of hazardous materials. 2016;320:376-85.
[26]. Tian Y, Boulangé-Lecomte C, Benamar A, GiustiPetrucciani N, Duflot A, Olivier S, et al. Application of a crustacean bioassay to evaluate a multi-contaminated (metal, PAH, PCB) harbor sediment before and after electrokinetic remediation using eco-friendly enhancing agents. Science of the Total Environment. 2017;607608:944-53.
[27]. Niqui-Arroyo JL, Ortega-Calvo JJ. Effect of electrokinetics on the bioaccessibility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in polluted soils. Journal of environmental quality. 2010;39(6):1993-8.
[28]. Li FM, Guo SH, Hartog N, Yuan Y, Yang XL. Isolation and characterization of heavy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria adapted to electrokinetic conditions. Biodegradation. 2016;27(1):1-13.
[29]. Secord EL, Kottara A, Van Cappellen P, Lima AT. Inoculating Bacteria into Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Oil Sands Soil by Means of Electrokinetics. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution. 2016;227(8).
[30]. Wang CP, Zhang ZY, Xu W, Sun HW. ElectrokineticAssisted Bioremediation of Field Soil with Historic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Contamination. Environmental Engineering Science. 2016;33(1):44-52. [31]. Isosaari P, Piskonen R, Ojala P, Voipio S, Eilola K, Lehmus E, et al. Integration of electrokinetics and chemical oxidation for the remediation of creosote-contaminated clay. Journal of hazardous materials. 2007;144(1-2):538-48.
[32]. Wang J, Li F, Li X, Wang X, Li X, Su Z, et al. Effects of electrokinetic operation mode on removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and the indigenous fungal community in PAH-contaminated soil. Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering. 2013;48(13):1677-84.