نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار بیوشیمی، دانشگاه پیام نور، گروه علمی زیست‌شناسی، تهران، ص.پ 4697-19395 –ج.ا.ایران

2 استادیار، متخصص بیماری‌های عفونی، گروه داخلی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار، سبزوار، ایران

چکیده

زمینه و هدف  بیماری کرونا ویروس 2019 (COVID-19) یا سندرم حاد تنفسی شدید، در حال حاضر به یک معضل بهداشتی در تمام دنیا تبدیل شده است. این بیماری، ابتدا در حدود دسامبر سال 2019 در ووهان چین ظاهر شد و به دلیل ماهیت مسری بالای آن در تقریباً 216 کشور گسترش یافت. بنابراین سازمان بهداشت جهانی، اخیراً پاندمی شدن این بیماری را اعلام کرد. ویروس SARS-CoV-2 که از لحاظ ژنتیکی مشابه SARS-CoV و سندرم حاد تنفسی خاور میانه (MERS) است، ویروسی پوشش‌دار، دارای یک RNA تک‌رشته‌ای شامل 29891 نوکلئوتید و دارای 12 ژن برای سنتز پروتئین‌های ساختاری و غیرساختاری ویروس است و به لحاظ پروتئینی، بسیار مشابه پروتئین‌های SARS-CoV و MERS-CoV می‌باشد. در حال حاضر، درمان ثابت و مشخصی برای این بیماری وجود ندارد. به همین دلیل مقالات موجود در مورد بیماری Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) از نظر اپیدمیولوژی، پاتوفیزیولوژی، تشخیص و درمان بررسی شده است.
مواد و روش‌ها با توجه به تحقیقات متعددی که در رابطه با این ویروس صورت گرفته است (15928 مقاله در بانک اطلاعاتی MEDLINE تا تاریخ 26 می 2020 وجود دارد) و داده‌های بالینی ارائه شده توسط تعداد زیادی آزمایشگاه، پزشکان برای درمان این بیماری به شواهد دقیقی نیاز دارند. بنابراین در این بررسی، پایگاه داده‌های MEDLINE ، SCIENCEDIRECT و Scopus برای مقالات مربوطه جستجو شدند.
یافته‌ها از زمان پیدایش این بیماری، دانشمندان زیادی علاقه‌مند به کشف راهکاری مناسب برای مهار آن می‌باشند. ما مطالعات آزمایشگاهی، حیوانی و انسانی ارائه شده در مقالات موجود در بانک‌های اطلاعاتی، در مورد راهکارهای مقابله با این ویروس را بررسی کردیم. در این مقاله، تصویری از یافته‌های فعلی در مورد اپیدمیولوژی، ویژگی‌های بالینی، تشخیص، مدیریت و پیشگیری از COVID-19 ارائه شده است.
نتیجه‌گیری همه‌گیری COVID-19 نشان‌دهنده بزرگ‌ترین بحران بهداشت عمومی جهانی است. آزمایش‌های بالینی که برای بررسی روش‌های درمانی بالقوه برای COVID-19 آغاز شده است بسیار بالاست ولی متأسفانه تاکنون منجر به تولید داروی مؤثری نشده است. بنابراین برای مقابله با این ویروس، اقدامات اضطراری پیشگیرانه و هماهنگ بین همه کشورها مورد نیاز است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Review of recent progress and future perspectives on the diagnosis, treatment and management of Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19)

نویسندگان [English]

  • hassan Ramshini 1
  • afsaneh kaffash 2

1 Associate Professor, Department of Biology, Payam Noor University, Po BOX, 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Internal Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has become the current health concern to the entire world. Initially appeared in Wuhan, China around December 2019, it spread to almost 216 countries due to its high contagious nature, so the World Health Organization recently declared the pandemic feature of the infection. SARS-CoV-2(COVID-19) which is genetically similar to SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an enveloped, single and positive-stranded RNA virus with a genome comprising 29,891 nucleotides, which encode the 12 putative open reading frames responsible for the synthesis of viral structural and nonstructural proteins which are very similar to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV proteins. Currently, there are no approved treatments for COVID-19.  For this reason, we reviewed existing publications about Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) regarding epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatments.
Materials and Methods: Given the various investigations on the Virus (15928 publications in MEDLINE database, Until May 26, 2020) and various clinical data generated by the large number of laboratories, clinicians need accurate evidence regarding effective medical treatments for this infection. In this review, MEDLINE, SCIENCE DIRECT and Scopus databases were searched for relevant articles.
Results: Since the emergence of COVID-19 infection there was a large interest in the development of an effective therapy for this disease. In this review, we summarized the available literature on possible therapeutic options including in vitro, animal and human studies. This review has presented a picture of the current findings on the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, management, and prevention of COVID-19.
Conclusion: The COVID-19 epidemic represents the world's biggest public health crisis. Clinical trials that have begun to look for potential treatments for COVID-19 are very high, but unfortunately have not yet led to the development of an effective drug. Thus, to overcome on this crisis preventive and coordinated emergency measures between all countries are needed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • COVID-19
  • pathogenesis
  • diagnosis
  • prevention
  • pandemic
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