نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناس ارشد شنواییشناسی، دانشکده علوم پیراپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.
2 استادیارگروه شنواییشناسی، دانشکده علوم پیراپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: کم شنوایی یک عارضه ناتوان کننده است که حتی مقادیر خفیف آن می تواند باعث اختلال در پردازش گفتار و در نتیجه محدودیت ارتباطات و تعاملات اجتماعی شود. میزان فراوانی کم شنوایی و همچنین دلایل ایجاد آن در سنین مختلف متفاوت است لذا این مطالعه به منظور تعیین فراوانی کم شنوایی و عوامل مرتبط با آن در بیماران مراجعه کننده به کلینیک شنوایی شناسی بیمارستان قائم (عج) مشهد در پاییز و زمستان 1396 انجام شد.
مواد و روش ها: این مطالعه به صورت توصیفی- مقطعی بر روی 493 نفر از افراد مراجعه کننده به کلنیک شنوایی شناسی بیمارستان قائم (عج) مشهد انجام گردید. علت مراجعه، سوابق خانوادگی و ابتلا به بیماری های مرتبط توسط پرسشنامه به دست آمد و سپس با نتایج آزمون های ادیومتری و تمپانومتری افراد مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. یافته های مطالعه با آمار توصیفی و آزمون ضریب همبستگی پیرسون به دست آمد.
یافته ها: افراد مراجعه کننده دارای میانگین سنی 96/18 ± 2/41 سال بودند و 342 نفر 4/69% از آنها مبتلا به کم شنوایی بودند که متشکل از %8/79 از مردان و %6/62 از زنان بود. کم شنوایی حسی عصبی شایع ترین نوع کم شنوایی ( % 2/35 از کل مراجعین) بود. عفونت گوش میانی شایع ترین علت مراجعه در بین مبتلایان به کم شنوایی بود ( % 7/10). همچنین بین افزایش سن و میزان کم شنوایی ارتباط معنی داری مشاهده شد.
نتیجه گیری: با توجه به نتایج این مطالعه، کم شنوایی در بین مراجعه کنندگان به کلنیک شنوایی شناسی فراوانی بالایی دارد با توجه به اینکه برخی از علل کم شنوایی از قبیل عفونت ها، مواجهه با نویز و داروهای اتوتوکسیک تا حدود زیادی قابل کنترل می باشند، لذا مراقبت های بهداشتی پیشگیرانه و درمان های مناسب و به موقع می تواند در کاهش ابتلا به کم شنوایی کمک کننده باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
frequency of hearing loss and related factors in patients of Audiology Clinic in Ghaem Hospital of Mashhad in 2017.
نویسندگان [English]
- Hossein Seraji 1
- sadegh jafarzadeh 2
1 School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Department of Audiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences,Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Background: Hearing loss is a debilitating condition that even mild degrees can disrupt speech processing, communication and limit social interaction. The prevalence of hearing loss and its causes in various age and people groups is different. The aim of this study was conducted to determine the frequency of hearing loss and related factors in patients referred to audiology Clinic of Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad from October 2017 to April 2018.
Material and methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 493 people referred to Audiology Clinic of Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad. The cause of referring and family history and related diseases was obtained by a questionnaire and then compared with the results of their tympanometry and audiometry tests. The results were obtained using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient.
Results: average age of participants were 41.2 (±18.96) years old and 342 out 493 (69/4%) had hearing loss. 79.8% men and 62.6% of women had hearing loss. Sensorineural hearing loss was the most common type of hearing loss (35.2% of all patients). The Otitis media was the most common cause of hearing loss among patients with hearing impairment (10.7%). Also, there was a significant relationship between aging and degree of hearing loss.
Conclusions: According to this results, hearing loss are frequent among Referents of Audiology Clinic. Some causes of hearing loss, such as infections, noise exposure, and Ototoxic drugs can be controlled, Therefore, preventive health care and appropriate treatments can be helpful in reducing the risk of hearing loss.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Hearing loss
- audiometry
- tympanometry
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